INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days State Resources: Project Share Resources: https://www.epsilen.com Exemplar Lesson 01: Effects of the Great Depression Exemplar Lesson 02: The Dust Bowl Exemplar Lesson 03: New Deal Policies Exemplar Lesson 04: The Role of the Government RATIONALE: This unit bundles student expectations that address the Great Depression. Prior to this unit, students learned about the “Roaring Twenties” and the economic causes of the Stock Market Crash. During this unit students study other causes of the depression, the geographic impact of the Dust Bowl, Roosevelt’s New Deal efforts, and the changes in the role of the government. Primary sources, such as images of the Great Depression are utilized to illustrate the other causes (bank failures, etc) and the impact of the depression on individuals in different regions of the country. Students discover the geographic causes and effects of the Dust Bowl. The New Deal’s goals and agencies are also addressed as well as the changes in executive power. MISCONCEPTIONS/UNDERDEVELOPED CONCEPTS: • Students may have the perception that the government has always had social programs. It is important to clarify this misconception so they can understand the governmental shift that took place as a result of the New Deal programs. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS CONCEPTS KEY UNDERSTANDINGS FOR LEARNERS Your goal is to inform the President of how the people in the United States have been affected by the Great Depression. Create a photo journal (minimum of 5 images) and write a summary of the effects depicted in your journal. (US.16C; US.29D) 3H; 5F Scarcity Needs/Wants Survival A nation’s survival depends on its ability to respond to crisis. Use maps, graphs, charts and the problem solving process to make a recommendation to the President on how to prevent another geographic crisis such as the one created by the Dust Bowl. (US.12A;US.31A; US.32A, US.32B) 3D; 3G Scarcity Needs/Wants Survival Human and physical systems interact and impact one another. Create a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the New Deal policies and its opponents’ approaches to resolving the economic effects of the Great Depression. Write a brief paragraph supporting one of the two approaches and justify your position. (US.16D; US.29B) Power General Welfare Democratic societies must balance the rights and responsibilities of the government with the good of the citizens. ©2012, TESCCC 06/01/12 page 1 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal PERFORMANCE INDICATORS SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days CONCEPTS KEY UNDERSTANDINGS FOR LEARNERS 1C; 4G; 4K; 5F Analyze selected editorial cartoons from the FDR Cartoon Archive (database) and evaluate how the cartoons illustrate the impact of the Great Depression and New Deal era on the relationships between the branches of the government. Select one cartoon and identify the cartoonist’s bias. (US.19A, US.19B; US.20B; US.29E, US.29F) 2H; 3D; 3G Power Checks and Balances Federalism During a crisis, government institutions are called upon to help stabilize society and safeguard the welfare of its citizens. KEY ACADEMIC VOCABULARY SUPPORTING CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT • • • Economic depression – a sustained, long-term downturn in economic activity in one or more economies Social welfare – governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need Drought – severe shortage of rainfall over an extended period of time TEKS# SE# US.2 US.2A TEKS SPECIFICITY History. The student understands traditional historical points of reference in U.S. history from 1877 to the present. The student is expected to: Identify the major characteristics that define an historical era. Identify Supporting Standard US.2B Identify the major eras in U.S. history from 1877 to the present and describe their defining characteristics. MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS THAT DEFINE AN HISTORICAL ERA Including, but not limited to: • An era of history having a distinctive feature • political, social or economic commonality • considered to be relative chronology rather than absolute chronology Identify, Describe MAJOR ERAS IN U.S. HISTORY FROM 1877 TO PRESENT Readiness Standard Including, but not limited to: Great Depression and New Deal • Depression 1929-1941: • Crash of stock market • Great Depression • Dust Bowl • New Deal ©2012, TESCCC 06/01/12 page 2 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TEKS# SE# US.2C TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal TEKS Apply absolute and relative chronology through the sequencing of significant individuals, events, and time periods. SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days SPECIFICITY • Expansion of the Federal government • Relief, Reform, Recovery Apply ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGY Supporting Standard Including, but not limited to: • Significant individuals, events & time periods • Absolute chronology – Exact date RELATIVE CHRONOLOGY US.2D US.11 US.11F Explain the significance of the following years as turning points: 1898 (Spanish-American War), 1914-1918 (World War I), 1929 (the Great Depression begins), 1939-1945 (World War II), 1957 (Sputnik launch ignites U.S.-Soviet space race), 1968-1969 (Martin Luther King Jr. assassination and U.S. lands on the moon), 1991 (Cold War ends), 2001 (terrorist attacks on World Trade Center and the Pentagon), and 2008 (election of first black president, Barack Obama). Supporting Standard History. The student understands the emerging political, economic, and social issues of the United States from the 1990s into the 21st century. The student is expected to: Discuss the solvency of long-term entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare. Including, but not limited to: • Significant individuals, events & time periods • Relative chronology – General time period or era Explain SIGNIFICANCE OF DATES AS TURNING POINTS Including, but not limited to: • 1929 – Stock Market Crash, beginning of the Great Depression • U.S. becomes economically vulnerable • Changing role of federal government in domestic economic policy Discuss SOLVENCY OF LONG-TERM ENTITLEMENT PROGRAMS Including, but not limited to: • Entitlement Programs (government programs providing benefits to members of specified groups) • Solvency – (in this context this term refers to the idea that assets are greater than liabilities) • Social Security – According to the Brookings Institute this entitlement program will likely run out of money sooner than expected. • Medicare – According to the Brookings Institute this entitlement program will likely run out of money sooner than anticipated. US.12 US.12A Geography. The student understands the impact of geographic factors on major events. The student is expected to: Analyze the impact of physical and human geographic factors on the settlement of the Great Plains, the Klondike Gold Rush, the Panama Canal, the Dust Bowl, and the levee failure in New Orleans Analyze IMPACT OF PHYSICAL AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS Including, but not limited to: ©2012, TESCCC 06/01/12 page 3 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TEKS# SE# TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal TEKS after Hurricane Katrina. Readiness Standard US.13 US.13A US.16 US.16C SPECIFICITY • The Dust Bowl • Human Factors – Many farmers had misused the land (over planting, not rotating crops), millions of acres of farmland became useless, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to leave their homes • Physical Factors – Years of sustained drought caused the land to dry up, great clouds of dust and sand were carried by the wind (where the name “Dust Bowl” came from) Geography. The student understands the causes and effects of migration and immigration on American society. The student is expected to: Analyze the causes and effects of changing demographic patterns resulting from migration within the United States, including western expansion, rural to urban, the Great Migration, and the Rust Belt to the Sun Belt. Analyze Readiness Standard Including, but not limited to: • Great Depression – Move out of the Midwest because of the Dust Bowl Economics. The student understands significant economic developments between World War I and World War II. The student is expected to: Analyze the effects of the Great Depression on the U.S. economy and society such as widespread unemployment and deportation and repatriation of people of European and Mexican heritage and others. Analyze Readiness Standard US.16D SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days Compare the New Deal policies and its opponents' approaches to resolving the economic effects of the Great Depression. Supporting Standard CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF CHANGING DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERNS RESULTING FROM MIGRATION WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EFFECTS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION ON THE U.S. ECONOMY AND SOCIETY Including, but not limited to: • Widespread unemployment – By 1933 unemployment was at 25% (according to Bureau of Labor Statistics). • Deportation and reparation of people of European and Mexican heritage – In the 1930s, the U.S. government looked for ways to ease the country's financial hardship. In order to make more jobs available, the government deported many people of European and Mexican heritage. Compare NEW DEAL POLICIES AND ITS OPPONENTS' APPROACHES TO RESOLVING THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Including, but not limited to: • ©2012, TESCCC Roosevelt Introduced higher taxes on the rich • Believed if it was good for business then it was good for America • New Deal divided into 3 parts (Relief, Reform and Recovery) 06/01/12 • Opponents Believed too generous to the corporate interests • confiscate any personal fortune over $3 million and use this money to give each family in America • promised a national minimum wage, old age pensions and cheap food for the poor page 4 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TEKS# SE# TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal TEKS SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days SPECIFICITY (opinions of Huey Long) US.16E Describe how various New Deal agencies and programs, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the Social Security Administration, continue to affect the lives of U.S. citizens. Supporting Standard US.19 US.19A Government. The student understands changes in the role of government over time. The student is expected to: Evaluate the impact of New Deal legislation on the historical roles of state and federal governments. Readiness Standard US.19B Explain constitutional issues raised by federal government policy changes during times of significant events, including World War I, the Great Depression, World War II, the 1960s, and 9/11. Describe VARIOUS NEW DEAL AGENCIES AND PROGRAMS Including, but not limited to: • FDIC – Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation • SEC – Security and Exchange Commission – Regulate the stock markets and businesses • SSA – Social Security Administration – Retirement savings • Expectation that government should step in during economic crises or when the people are suffering • AAA – Agriculture Adjustment Act – Drastic measure to raise agricultural prices by limiting the surplus/supply • TVA – Tennessee Valley Authority – Brings electrical power to poverty stricken rural areas of Tennessee Mississippi, Alabama and other states. Also provided jobs to the area. Evaluate IMPACT OF NEW DEAL LEGISLATION ON HISTORICAL ROLES OF STATE AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS Including, but not limited to: • The increased expansion of the Federal Government and its role (whether wanted or unwanted) into the daily lives of the citizens. • Changed the way many citizens view the responsibilities of the government Explain CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES RAISED BY FEDERAL GOVERNMENT POLICY CHANGES DURING TIMES OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS Readiness Standard Including, but not limited to: • Great Depression – Roosevelt’s attempt to increase the number of Supreme Court justices from 9 to 15 would have created a shift in the “separation of powers” and “checks and balances” US.19C Describe the effects of political scandals, including Teapot Dome, Watergate, and Bill Clinton's impeachment, on the views of U.S. citizens concerning trust in the federal government and its leaders. Supporting Standard US.20 US.20B ©2012, TESCCC Government. The student understands the changing relationships among the three branches of the federal government. The student is expected to: Evaluate the impact of relationships among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government, including Franklin Describe EFFECTS OF POLITICAL SCANDALS Including, but not limited to: • Teapot Dome – scandal concerning the secret sale of oil rights to private companies from government owned land in Wyoming Evaluate 06/01/12 page 5 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TEKS# SE# TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal TEKS SPECIFICITY D. Roosevelt's attempt to increase the number of U.S. Supreme Court justices and the presidential election of 2000. IMPACT OF EVENTS Readiness Standard US.21 US.21C SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days Government. The student understands the impact of constitutional issues on American society. The student is expected to: Evaluate constitutional change in terms of strict construction versus judicial interpretation. Including, but not limited to: • Franklin Roosevelt's attempt to increase the number of U.S. Supreme Court justices • Impact – Each branch of government became more aware of the important nature of the checks and balances Evaluate CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN TERMS OF STRICT CONSTRUCTION VERSUS JUDICIAL INTERPRETATION Including, but not limited to: • Strict Construction – Is when the judiciary makes decisions based on the strict text and reading of the Constitution. • Judicial Interpretation – Is a judicial theory that involves how the judiciary could interpret the constitution or a law; they make decisions based on the text of the document or their belief on the intent of document. US.25 US.25A Culture. The student understands the relationship between the arts and the times during which they were created. The student is expected to: Describe how the characteristics and issues in U.S. history have been reflected in various genres of art, music, film, and literature. Supporting Standard US.25B Describe both the positive and negative impacts of significant examples of cultural movements in art, music, and literature such as Tin Pan Alley, the Harlem Renaissance, the Beat Generation, rock and roll, the Chicano Mural Movement, and country and western music on American society Readiness Standard ©2012, TESCCC Describe CHARACTERISTICS AND ISSUES IN U.S. HISTORY HAVE BEEN REFLECTED IN VARIOUS GENRES OF ART, MUSIC, AND LITERATURE Including, but not limited to: • Literature: John Steinbeck (Grapes of Wrath, Of Mice and Men) • Langston Hughes (Harlem Renaissance) • Art/Photography: Dorothea Lange (Great Depression) • Films: The Wizard of Oz and other musicals helped people escape from their economic woes. Describe BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF SIGNIFICANT EXAMPLES OF CULTURAL MOVEMENTS IN ART, MUSIC, AND LITERATURE Including, but not limited to: • Tin Pan Alley – American popular music that arose in the late 19th century and continued well into the early 20th century centered in New York City. “Tin Pan” was a phrase for the sounds that came from pianos. The phonograph and radio fueled the music industry. • Harlem Renaissance – African-American literature, art, music, dance, and social commentary began to flourish in Harlem, a section of New York City. This African-American cultural movement became known as "The New Negro Movement" and later as the Harlem Renaissance. More than a literary movement, the Harlem Renaissance exalted the unique culture of African-Americans and redefined African-American expression. 06/01/12 page 6 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TEKS# SE# US.29 US.29B TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days TEKS SPECIFICITY Social studies skills. The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of sources including electronic technology. The student is expected to: Analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, Identifying cause-and-effect relationships, comparing, contrasting, finding the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions, and drawing inferences and conclusions. Analyze INFORMATION Including, but not limited to: • Sequencing • Categorizing • Identifying cause and effect relationships • Comparing • Contrasting • Finding the main idea • Making generalization and predictions • Drawing inferences and conclusions US.29D Use the process of historical inquiry to research, interpret, and use multiple types of source of evidence. STAAR Note: • These skills will be incorporated into STAAR test questions from reporting categories 1-4 and will be identified along with content standards. Use PROCESS OF HISTORICAL INQUIRY Including, but not limited to: • Research • Interpret • Use multiple sources of evidence US.29E US.29F Evaluate the validity of a source based on language, corroboration with other sources, and information about the author, including points of view, frames of reference, and historical context. Identify bias in written, oral, and visual material. STAAR Note: • These skills will be incorporated into STAAR test questions from reporting categories 1-4 and will be identified along with content standards. Evaluate VALIDITY OF A SOURCE Including, but not limited to: • Based on language • Corroboration with other source • Information about the author Identify BIAS IN MATERIAL Including, but not limited to: • Written ©2012, TESCCC 06/01/12 page 7 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TEKS# SE# TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal TEKS SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days SPECIFICITY • Oral • Visual US.31 US.31A Social studies skills. The student uses geographic tools to collect, analyze, and interpret data. The student is expected to: Create thematic maps, graphs, and charts representing various aspects of the United States. Create THEMATIC MAPS, GRAPHS, CHARTS, MODELS, AND DATABASES REPRESENTING VARIOUS ASPECTS OF THE UNITED STATES US.31B Pose and answer questions about geographic distributions and patterns shown on maps, graphs, charts, and available databases. Including, but not limited to: • Urbanization, • Patterns of settlement, • Immigration charts and graphs, • Urbanization, • Environmental Impacts Pose and Answer QUESTIONS ABOUT GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS AND PATTERNS SHOWN ON MAPS, GRAPHS, CHARTS, MODELS, AND DATABASES Including, but not limited to: • What were the physical and human reasons for the spatial distribution of people and resources in the United States? • Why do people immigrate to certain areas of the United States? STAAR Note: • These skills will be incorporated into STAAR test questions from reporting categories 1-4 and will be identified along with content standards. US.32 US.32A US.32B ©2012, TESCCC Social studies skills. The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to: Use a problem-solving process to identify a problem, gather information, list and consider options, consider advantages and disadvantages, choose and implement a solution, and evaluate the effectiveness of the solution. Use a decision-making process to Identify a situation that requires a decision, gather information, Identify options, predict consequences, and take action to implement a decision. Use PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS Including, but not limited to: • Identify a problem • Gather information • List and consider options • Consider advantages and disadvantages • Choose and implement a solution • Evaluate the effectiveness of the solution Use DECISION–MAKING PROCESS 06/01/12 page 8 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal TEKS# SE# TEKS SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days SPECIFICITY Including, but not limited to: • Identify a situation that requires a decision • Gather information • Identify options • Predict consequences • Take action to implement a decision TEKS# SE# US.29 US.29A US.29B US.29C US.29D US.29E US.29F US.29G US.29H US.30 US.30A US.30B US.30C US.31 US.31A US.31B US.32 US.32A US.32B Social Studies Skills TEKS: Use appropriate social studies skills to support instruction. Social studies skills. The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of sources including electronic technology. The student is expected to: Use a variety of both primary and secondary valid sources to acquire information and to analyze and answer historical questions. Analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, Identifying cause-and-effect relationships, comparing, contrasting, finding the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions, and drawing inferences and conclusions. Understand how historians interpret the past (historiography) and how their interpretations of history may change over time. Use the process of historical inquiry to research, interpret, and use multiple types of source of evidence. Evaluate the validity of a source based on language, corroboration with other sources, and information about the author, including points of view, frames of reference, and historical context. Identify bias in written, oral, and visual material. Identify and support with historical evidence a point of view on a social studies issue or event. Use appropriate skills to analyze and interpret social studies information such as maps, graphs, presentations, speeches, lectures, and political cartoons. Social studies skills. The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to: Create written, oral, and visual presentations of social studies information. Use correct social studies terminology to explain historical concepts. Use different forms of media to convey information, including written to visual and statistical to written or visual, using available computer software as appropriate. Social studies skills. The student uses geographic tools to collect, analyze, and interpret data. The student is expected to: Create thematic maps, graphs, and charts representing various aspects of the United States. Pose and answer questions about geographic distributions and patterns shown on maps, graphs, charts, and available databases. Social studies skills. The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to: Use a problem-solving process to identify a problem, gather information, list and consider options, consider advantages and disadvantages, choose and implement a solution, and evaluate the effectiveness of the solution. Use a decision-making process to identify a situation that requires a decision, gather information, identify options, predict consequences, and take action to implement a decision. The English Language Proficiency Standards (ELPS), as required by 19 Texas Administrative Code, Chapter 74, Subchapter A, §74.4, outline English language proficiency level descriptors and student expectations for English language learners (ELLs). School districts are required to implement ELPS as an integral part of each subject in the ©2012, TESCCC 06/01/12 page 9 of 10 INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS DOCUMENT U.S. History/HS Social Studies UNIT: 06 TITLE: The Great Depression and New Deal SUGGESTED DURATION: 10 days required curriculum. − − School districts shall provide instruction in the knowledge and skills of the foundation and enrichment curriculum in a manner that is linguistically accommodated commensurate with the student’s levels of English language proficiency to ensure that the student learns the knowledge and skills in the required curriculum. School districts shall provide content-based instruction including the cross-curricular second language acquisition essential knowledge and skills in subsection (c) of the ELPS in a manner that is linguistically accommodated to help the student acquire English language proficiency. http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/rules/tac/chapter074/ch074a.html#74.4 ELPS# C(2) 2H C(3) Subsection C: Cross-curricular second language acquisition essential knowledge and skills. Cross-curricular second language acquisition/listening. The ELL listens to a variety of speakers including teachers, peers, and electronic media to gain an increasing level of comprehension of newly acquired language in all content areas. ELLs may be at the beginning, intermediate, advanced, or advanced high stage of English language acquisition in listening. In order for the ELL to meet grade-level learning expectations across the foundation and enrichment curriculum, all instruction delivered in English must be linguistically accommodated (communicated, sequenced, and scaffolded) commensurate with the student's level of English language proficiency. The student is expected to: Understand implicit ideas and information in increasingly complex spoken language commensurate with grade-level learning expectations. Cross-curricular second language acquisition/speaking. The ELL speaks in a variety of modes for a variety of purposes with an awareness of different language registers (formal/informal) using vocabulary with increasing fluency and accuracy in language arts and all content areas. ELLs may be at the beginning, intermediate, advanced, or advanced high stage of English language acquisition in speaking. In order for the ELL to meet grade-level learning expectations across the foundation and enrichment curriculum, all instruction delivered in English must be linguistically accommodated (communicated, sequenced, and scaffolded) commensurate with the student's level of English language proficiency. The student is expected to: 3D Speak using grade-level content area vocabulary in context to internalize new English words and build academic language proficiency. 3G Express opinions, ideas, and feelings ranging from communicating single words and short phrases to participating in extended discussions on a variety of social and grade-appropriate academic topics. 3H Narrate, describe, and explain with increasing specificity and detail as more English is acquired. C(4) Cross-curricular second language acquisition/reading. The ELL reads a variety of texts for a variety of purposes with an increasing level of comprehension in all content areas. ELLs may be at the beginning, intermediate, advanced, or advanced high stage of English language acquisition in reading. In order for the ELL to meet grade-level learning expectations across the foundation and enrichment curriculum, all instruction delivered in English must be linguistically accommodated (communicated, sequenced, and scaffolded) commensurate with the student's level of English language proficiency. For Kindergarten and Grade 1, certain of these student expectations apply to text read aloud for students not yet at the stage of decoding written text. The student is expected to: 4G Demonstrate comprehension of increasingly complex English by participating in shared reading, retelling or summarizing material, responding to questions, and taking notes commensurate with content area and grade level needs. 4K Demonstrate English comprehension and expand reading skills by employing analytical skills such as evaluating written information and performing critical analyses commensurate with content area and grade-level needs. C(5) 5F Cross-curricular second language acquisition/writing. The ELL writes in a variety of forms with increasing accuracy to effectively address a specific purpose and audience in all content areas. ELLs may be at the beginning, intermediate, advanced, or advanced high stage of English language acquisition in writing. In order for the ELL to meet grade-level learning expectations across foundation and enrichment curriculum, all instruction delivered in English must be linguistically accommodated (communicated, sequenced, and scaffolded) commensurate with the student's level of English language proficiency. For Kindergarten and Grade 1, certain of these student expectations do not apply until the student has reached the stage of generating original written text using a standard writing system. The student is expected to: Write using a variety of grade-appropriate sentence lengths, patterns, and connecting words to combine phrases, clauses, and sentences in increasingly accurate ways as more English is acquired. ©2012, TESCCC 06/01/12 page 10 of 10
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