Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education
And Training (GREAT) Program in the
United States, 1995–1999
Finn-Aage Esbensen
ICPSR 3337
Codebook and Data Collection Instruments
EVALUATION OF THE GANG RESISTANCE EDUCATION AND TRAINING
(GREAT) PROGRAM IN THE UNITED STATES, 1995-1999
(ICPSR 3337)
Principal Investigator
Finn-Aage Esbensen
University of Nebraska at Omaha
First ICPSR Version
June 2002
Inter-university Consortium for
Political and Social Research
P.O. Box 1248
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106
BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION
Publications based on ICPSR data collections should
acknowledge those sources by means of bibliographic
citations. To ensure that such source attributions are
captured for social science bibliographic utilities,
citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference
section of publications. The bibliographic citation for
this data collection is:
Esbensen, Finn-Aage. EVALUATION OF THE GANG
RESISTANCE
EDUCATION
AND TRAINING (GREAT)
PROGRAM IN THE
UNITED
STATES,
1995-1999
[Computer file]. ICPSR version. Omaha, NE:
University of Nebraska at Omaha [producer],
1999.
Ann
Arbor,
MI:
Inter-university
Consortium for Political and Social Research
[distributor], 2002.
REQUEST FOR INFORMATION ON USE OF ICPSR RESOURCES
To provide funding agencies with essential information
about use of archival resources and to facilitate the
exchange of information
about
ICPSR
participants'
research activities, users of ICPSR data are requested to
send to ICPSR bibliographic citations for each completed
manuscript or thesis abstract. Please indicate in a cover
letter which data were used.
DATA DISCLAIMER
The original collector of the data, ICPSR, and the
relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for uses
of this collection or for interpretations or inferences
based upon such uses.
DATA COLLECTION DESCRIPTION
Finn-Aage Esbensen
EVALUATION OF THE GANG RESISTANCE EDUCATION AND TRAINING
(GREAT) PROGRAM IN THE UNITED STATES, 1995-1999 (ICPSR 3337)
SUMMARY: This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the
Gang Resistance Education And Training (GREAT) program by surveying
three different groups: students (Part 1), law enforcement officers
(Part 2), and educators (Part 3). Students in middle school were
surveyed to examine GREAT's short- and long-term effects, and to
assess the quality and effectiveness of officer training. Law
enforcement officers were surveyed to determine whether their
perceptions and expectations of the GREAT program varied depending
on sex, race, rank, age, level of education, and length of time
working in policing. Data were collected from middle school
personnel (administrators, counselors, and teachers) in order to
assess
educators'
attitudes
toward and perceptions of the
effectiveness of the GREAT program, including the curriculum's
appropriateness for middle school students and its effectiveness in
delinquency and gang prevention both in the school and in the
community. Variables in Part 1 (Students) include the level of gang
activity, fights, and racial conflict in respondents' schools;
whether respondents had ever used illegal drugs and if so, which
kind; whether they had carried weapons, attacked or hit someone,
lied about their age, destroyed property, or skipped school; and
whether they felt guilty for any of their behaviors. Respondents
were also asked their opinions of gangs, such as whether they were
cool, exciting, or fun, or interfered with the safety in the
neighborhood
or at school. Students also answered questions
designed to assess their attitudes toward the police and their
parents. Demographic variables for Part 1 include the sex, race,
and age of the respondent. Part 2 (Officers) variables provide
information on respondents' perceptions of and experience with the
GREAT program, the community in which they worked, their law
enforcement agency, their agency's involvement with the GREAT
program, and their perceptions of the lessons taught. Demographic
variables for Part 2 include the sex, race, age, and education
level of each respondent. Variables in Part 3 (School Personnel)
cover issues facing respondents' schools and students; attitudes
and opinions of school-based prevention programs and the delivery
methods of prevention programs; the role of police officers in
schools; the environment in and around which they worked; the
importance of helping youths avoid drugs, alcohol, and delinquency;
and the overall effectiveness of the GREAT program. Demographic
variables for Part 3 include the sex and race of each respondent.
UNIVERSE: Part 1: Eighth-grade students in any of 11 selected
cities
where the GREAT program was administered during the
1993-1994 school year. Part 2: Law enforcement officers who had
completed GOT before July 1999. Part 3: Middle school personnel
(administrators, teachers, and counselors) in six selected sites
with the existence of an operative GREAT program.
SAMPLING: Part 1: Purposive sampling. Part 2: Not applicable.
3: Purposive sampling.
Part
NOTE: The user guide, codebook, and data collection instruments are
provided by ICPSR as Portable Document Format (PDF) files. The PDF
file format was developed by Adobe Systems Incorporated and can be
accessed using PDF reader software, such as the Adobe Acrobat
Reader. Information on how to obtain a copy of the Acrobat Reader
is provided on the ICPSR Web site.
EXTENT OF COLLECTION: 3 data files + machine-readable documentation
(PDF) + SAS data definition statements + SPSS data definition
statements
EXTENT OF PROCESSING: MDATA.PR/
MDATA.ICPSR/
UNDOCCHK.ICPSR/
CDBK.ICPSR/ DDEF.ICPSR/ SCAN/ REFORM.DATA/ REFORM.DOC
DATA FORMAT: Logical
definition statements
Record
Part 1: Student Survey Data
File Structure: rectangular
Cases: 5,935
Variables: 264
Record Length: 355
Records Per Case: 1
Length
with
SAS
and
SPSS
data
Part 2: Law Enforcement
Officer Survey Data
File Structure: rectangular
Cases: 1,224
Variables: 103
Record Length: 133
Records Per Case: 1
Part 3: School Personnel
Survey Data
File Structure: rectangular
Cases: 650
Variables: 80
Record Length: 86
Records Per Case: 1
RELATED PUBLICATIONS:
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, and D. Wayne Osgood. "National Evaluation
of GREAT" (Research in Brief). NCJ 167264. Washington, DC: United
States Department of Justice. National Institute of Justice, 1997.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, and D. Wayne Osgood. "Gang Resistance
Education
and
Training
(GREAT): Results from the National
Evaluation." NCJ 177901. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN
CRIME
AND
DELINQUENCY 36,2 (1999), 194-225.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, D. Wayne Osgood, Terrance J. Taylor, Dana
Peterson, and Adrienne Freng. "How Great is GREAT? Results from a
Longitudinal Quasi-Experimental Design." NCJ 191891. CRIMINOLOGY &
PUBLIC POLICY 1,1 (2001).
Winfree, L. Thomas Jr., Finn-Aage Esbensen, and D. Wayne
Osgood. "Evaluating a School-Based Gang Prevention: A Theoretical
Perspective." EVALUATION REVIEW 10 (1996), 181-203.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, Elizabeth P. Deschenes, Ronald E. Vogel,
Jennifer West, Karen Arboit, and Lesley Harris. "Active Parental
Consent in School-Based Research: An Examination of Ethical and
Methodological Issues." EVALUATION REVIEW 20 (1996), 737-753.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, and L. Thomas Winfree Jr. "Race and
Gender Differences Between Gang and Non-Gang Youth: Results from a
Multi-Site Survey." JUSTICE QUARTERLY 15 (1998), 505-526.
Winfree, L. Thomas Jr., and Frances Bernat. "Social Learning,
Self-Control, and the Illicit Drug Use Patterns of Eighth Grade
Students: A Tale of Two Cities." JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 28 (1998),
539-558.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, and Elizabeth Piper Deschenes. "A MultiSite
Examination
of
Gang Membership: Does Gender Matter?"
CRIMINOLOGY 36 (1998), 799-828.
Sellers, Christine S., Terrance J. Taylor, and Finn-Aage
Esbensen. "Reality Check: Evaluating a School-Based Gang Prevention
Model." EVALUATION REVIEW 22 (1998), 590-608.
Deschenes, Elizabeth Piper, and Finn-Aage Esbensen. "Violence
and
Gangs: Gender Differences in Perceptions and Behavior."
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 15 (1999), 53-96.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, Elizabeth Piper Deschenes, and L. Thomas
Winfree Jr. "Differences Between Gang Girls and Gang Boys: Results
from a Multi-Site Survey." YOUTH AND SOCIETY 31 (1999), 27-53.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, Michelle H. Miller, Terrance J.
Taylor,
Ni He, and Adrienne Freng. "Differential Attrition Rates and Active
Parental Consent." EVALUATION REVIEW 23 (1999), 316-335.
Deschenes, Elizabeth Piper, and Finn-Aage Esbensen. "Violence
Among Girls: Does Gang Membership Make a Difference?" In Meda
Chesney-Lind and John Hagedorn (eds.), FEMALE GANGS IN AMERICA.
Chicago, IL: Lake View Press, 1999.
Miller, Michelle Hughes, Finn-Aage Esbensen, and Adrienne
Freng. "Parental Attachment, Parental Supervision, and Adolescent
Deviance in Intact and Non-Intact Families." JOURNAL OF CRIME AND
JUSTICE 23 (1999), 1-29.
Winfree, L. Thomas Jr., Dana Peterson Lynskey, and James R.
Maupin. "Developing Local Police and Federal Law Enforcement
Partnerships: G.R.E.A.T. as a Case Study of Policy Implementation."
CRIMINAL JUSTICE REVIEW 24 (1999) 145-168.
Lynskey, Dana Peterson, L. Thomas Winfree Jr., Finn-Aage
Esbensen, and Dennis L. Clason. "Linking Gender, Minority Group
Status, and Family Matters to Self-Control Theory: An Analysis of
Key Self-Control Concepts in a Youth Gang Context." THE JUVENILE
AND FAMILY COURT JOURNAL 51,3 (2000), 1-20.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage. "The Gang Resistance Education
and
Training
(G.R.E.A.T.)
Program:
Results
from
the National
Evaluation." In Jody Miller, Cheryl L. Maxson, and Malcolm W. Klein
(eds.), THE MODERN GANG READER, 2nd ed. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury
Press, 2001.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, L. Thomas Winfree Jr., Ni He, and
Terrance J. Taylor. "Youth Gangs and Definitional Issues: When is a
Gang a Gang, and Why Does it Matter?" CRIME AND DELINQUENCY 47
(2001), 105-130.
Esbensen, Finn-Aage, and Dana Peterson Lynskey. "Youth Gang
Members in a School Survey." In Malcolm Klein, Hans-Jurgen Kerner,
Cheryl Maxson, and Elmar Weitekamp (eds.), THE EUROGANG PARADOX:
STREET GANGS AND YOUTH GROUPS IN THE U.S. AND EUROPE. Amsterdam:
Kluwer Press, 2001.
Taylor, Terrance J., Kelly B. Turner, Finn-Aage Esbensen, and
L. Thomas Winfree Jr. "Coppin' an Attitude: Attitudinal Differences
Among Juveniles Toward the Police." JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE 29
(2001), 295-305.
Peterson, Dana, Jody Miller, and Finn-Aage Esbensen. "The
Impact
of
Sex Composition on Gang Membership Delinquency."
CRIMINOLOGY 39 (2001), 411-440.
Winfree, L. Thomas Jr., Frances P. Bernat, and Finn-Aage
Esbensen. "Socio-Legal and Socio-Cultural Analysis of Gang and
Non-Gang Attitudes and Behavior: Does Being Big Mean Being Bad?"
SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL 38 (2001), 105-117.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Codebook
Codebook
Codebook
Codebook
Notes .........................................
for Part 1 ....................................
for Part 2 ....................................
for Part 3 ....................................
1
3
55
75
Data Collection Instruments Supplied by the
Principal Investigators ..............................
ONLY AVAILABLE IN PDF VERSION OF THE CODEBOOK
91
Page 1
ICPSR CODEBOOK NOTES
1. ICPSR recoded system missing values to a 9-series and labeled them
"Unknown" for all parts. All other missing value designations
were assigned by the principal investigator.
2. Some continuous variables have high and low values that may
fall out of a valid range. These values are not labeled because
they may be valid.
However, users of the data should be aware of
the possibility that these values may not be valid.
3. For Part 3, a unique case identifier may be obtained by running a
crosstabulation of the site variable (SITE) and the case number
(V79).
Page 2
ICPSR
3337
Page 3
CODEBOOK FOR ICPSR 3337
EVALUATION OF THE GANG RESISTANCE EDUCATION AND
TRAINING (GREAT) PROGRAM IN THE UNITED STATES, 1995-1999
PART 1: STUDENT SURVEY DATA
PLEASE NOTE: The "M" between the code and the code label indicates
the code has been designated as a missing value.
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V1
SEX
1
2
9 M
V2
V3
V4
V5
2
F1
3
3
F1
4
5
F2
6
6
F1
11 or younger
18 or older
No answer
LIVE WITH
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 M
2
In the United States
In another country
No answer
AGE
11
18
99 M
F1
White/Anglo, not Hispanic
Black/African-American
Hispanic/Latino
American Indian/Native American
Asian/Pacific Islander/Oriental
Other
Mixed
No answer
WHERE BORN
1
2
9 M
1
Male
Female
No answer
RACE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9 M
1
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Other
Grandparent(s)
Mother & other relative
Father & other relative
Other relative
No answer
Page 4
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V6
FATHER SCHOOLING
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9 M
V7
V8
V9
V10
V11
F1
9
9
F1
10
10
F1
11
11
F1
12
12
F1
No
Yes
No answer
SCHOOL GANG ACTIVITY
1
2
8
No
Yes
No answer
SUMMER GREAT
1
2
9 M
8
No
Yes
No answer
COMPLETE GREAT
1
2
9 M
F1
Grade school or less
Some high school
Completed high school
Some college
Completed college
More than college
Don't know
No answer
COMPLETE DARE
1
2
9 M
7
Grade school or less
Some high school
Completed high school
Some college
Completed college
More than college
Don't know
No answer
MOTHER SCHOOLING
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9 M
7
Strongly disagree
Disagree
ICPSR 3337
Page 5
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V11 (cont.)
3
4
5
9 M
V12
STUDENTS GET ALONG WELL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
99 M
V13
V15
F2
15
15
F1
16
16
F1
17
17
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
SCHOOL RACIAL CONFLICT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
14
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
STUDENTS BEAT UP TEACHERS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
13
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
SCHOOL FIGHTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V14
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Page 6
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V16
SAFE AT SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
99 M
V17
V18
V19
V20
21
F2
22
22
F1
23
23
F1
24
24
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
CAN TALK TO MOTHER
1
7
9 M
20
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
SCHOOL GANG FIGHTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F2
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
SCHOOL PRESSURE TO JOIN GANGS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
19
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
SAFE IN SCHOOL NEIGHBORHOOD
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
99 M
18
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 7
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V21
MOTHER TRUSTS
1
7
9 M
V22
V23
V24
V25
V26
V27
V28
27
F1
28
28
F1
29
29
F1
30
30
F1
31
31
F1
32
32
F1
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
FATHER KNOWS FRIENDS
1
7
9 M
27
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
FATHER TRUSTS ME
1
7
9 M
F1
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
CAN TALK TO FATHER
1
7
9 M
26
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
MOTHER PRAISES ME
1
7
9 M
26
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
ASK MOTHER'S ADVICE
1
7
9 M
F1
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
MOTHER UNDERSTANDS ME
1
7
9 M
25
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
MOTHER KNOWS FRIENDS
1
7
9 M
25
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
Page 8
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V29
FATHER UNDERSTANDS ME
1
7
9 M
V30
V31
V32
V33
V34
F1
35
35
F1
36
36
F1
37
37
F1
38
38
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
I KNOW HOW TO CONTACT PARENTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
34
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
PARENTS KNOW WHERE I AM
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
34
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
LEAVE NOTE WHEN GO
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
FATHER PRAISES ME
1
7
9 M
33
None of the time
All of the time
No answer
ASK FATHER'S ADVICE
1
7
9 M
33
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 9
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V35
PARENTS KNOW WHO I AM WITH
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V36
V37
V38
V39
40
F1
41
41
F1
42
42
F1
43
43
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
MORE CONCERNED WITH SHORT RUN
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
40
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
DO WHAT BRINGS PLEASURE NOW
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
NO EFFORT PREPARING FOR FUTURE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
39
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
ACT ON THE SPUR OF THE MOMENT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
39
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Page 10
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V40
TEST MYSELF BY SOMETHING RISKY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V41
V42
V43
V44
45
F1
46
46
F1
47
47
F1
48
48
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
SENSE OF BELONGING TO ETHNIC GROUP
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
45
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
EXCITEMENT MORE IMPORTANT THAN SECURITY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
EXCITING TO POSSIBLY GET IN TROUBLE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
44
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
TAKE RISK FOR FUN
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
44
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 11
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V45
WANT TO BE DIFFERENT ETHNICITY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
99 M
V46
V47
V48
V49
52
F2
53
53
F1
54
54
F1
55
56
F2
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
POLICE ARE RUDE
1
2
3
4
51
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
POLICE ARE HONEST
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F2
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
FEEL GOOD ABOUT ETHNIC BACKGROUND
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
50
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
DON'T BELONG WITH ANY ETHNIC GROUP
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
99 M
49
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Page 12
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V49 (cont.)
5
9 M
99 M
V50
POLICE ARE HARDWORKING
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V51
V53
V54
58
58
F1
59
59
F1
60
60
F1
61
62
F2
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
POLICE PREJUDICED AGAINST MINORITIES
1
2
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
POLICE ARE RESPECTFUL TO PEOPLE LIKE ME
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
57
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
POLICE ARE COURTEOUS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
57
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
POLICE ARE FRIENDLY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V52
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
Strongly disagree
Disagree
ICPSR 3337
Page 13
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V54 (cont.)
3
4
5
9 M
99 M
V55
CLOSE FRIENDS
2
3
990
995
996
997
998
999
V56
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
V58
M
M
M
M
M
F3
66
68
F3
69
69
F1
70
72
F3
No
Yes
No answer
HOURS NOT DOING ANYTHING IN PARTICULAR
2
3
990
995
996
997
998
999
65
A couple
A few
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
SPEND TIME NOT DOING ANYTHING PARTICULAR
1
2
9 M
63
A couple
A few
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
CLOSE FRIENDS IN GANGS
2
3
990
995
996
997
998
999
V57
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
A couple
A few
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
Page 14
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V59
SPEND TIME WITH FRIENDS/DRUGS/ALCOHOL
1
2
9 M
V60
V61
M
M
M
M
M
V62
V63
76
F3
77
77
F1
78
78
F1
79
79
F1
Not at all likely
A little likely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Very likely
No answer
FRIENDS/TROUBLE/POLICE LIKELY HANG OUT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
74
Not at all likely
A little likely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Very likely
No answer
FRIENDS/TROUBLE/SCHOOL LIKELY HANG OUT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
A couple
A few
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
FRIENDS/TROUBLE/HOME HOW LIKELY HANG OUT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
73
No
Yes
No answer
HOURS WITH FRIENDS/DRUGS/ALCOHOL
2
3
990
995
996
997
998
999
73
Not at all likely
A little likely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Very likely
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 15
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V64
FRIENDS SAY NOT TO B/C WRONG-YOU LISTEN
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V65
V66
V67
V68
81
F1
82
82
F1
83
83
F1
84
84
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
FEEL LONELY WITH FAMILY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
81
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
FEEL LONELY WITH FRIENDS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Not at all likely
A little likely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Very likely
No answer
FEEL LONELY AT SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
80
Not at all likely
A little likely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Very likely
No answer
FRIENDS SAY NOT TO B/C LAW-YOU LISTEN
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
80
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Page 16
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V69
NOT ENOUGH EDUCATION TO DO WHAT I WANT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V70
V71
V72
V73
87
F2
88
88
F1
89
89
F1
90
90
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
SMALL LIE OKAY IF NO ONE HURT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
86
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
NOT ENOUGH MONEY FOR COLLEGE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
CAN'T FINISH HIGH SCHOOL-NEED TO WORK
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
85
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
PRETTY GOOD CHANCE OF GOING TO COLLEGE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
99 M
85
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 17
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V74
OK TO LIE TO KEEP FRIENDS OUT OF TROUBLE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V75
V76
V77
V78
92
F1
93
93
F1
94
94
F1
95
95
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
OKAY TO STEAL IF ONLY WAY TO GET IT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
92
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
OKAY TAKING LITTLE THINGS FROM STORES
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
OKAY TO STEAL FROM RICH WHO CAN REPLACE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
91
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
OKAY TO LIE TO KEEP YOU OUT OF TROUBLE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
91
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Page 18
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V79
OKAY TO PHYSICALLY FIGHT IF HIT FIRST
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V80
V81
V82
V83
V84
F1
98
98
F1
99
99
F1
100
100
F1
101
101
F1
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
FEEL GUILTY FOR DESTROYING PROPERTY
1
2
3
9 M
97
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
FEEL GUILTY FOR LYING TO ADULTS
1
2
3
9 M
97
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
FEEL GUILTY SKIPPING SCHOOL
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
OK TO FIGHT IF THREATEN FRIENDS/FAMILY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
96
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
OK TO PHYSICALLY FIGHT TO PROTECT RIGHTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
96
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 19
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V85
FEEL GUILTY FOR STEALING < $50
1
2
3
9 M
V86
V87
V88
V89
V90
F1
104
104
F1
105
105
F1
106
106
F1
107
107
F1
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY ATTACKING SOMEONE WITH WEAPON
1
2
3
9 M
103
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY HITTING SOMEONE
1
2
3
9 M
103
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY STEALING MOTOR VEHICLE
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
FEEL GUILTY ENTERING BUILDING TO STEAL
1
2
3
9 M
102
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
FEEL GUILTY FOR STEALING > $50
1
2
3
9 M
102
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
Page 20
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V91
GUILTY ARMED ROBBERY
1
2
3
9 M
V92
V93
V94
V95
V96
V97
110
110
F1
111
111
F1
112
112
F1
113
113
F1
114
114
F1
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY USING OTHER DRUGS
1
2
3
F1
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY USING MARIJUANA
1
2
3
9 M
109
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY USING ALCOHOL
1
2
3
9 M
109
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY USING TOBACCO
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY SELLING ILLEGAL DRUGS
1
2
3
9 M
108
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
No answer
GUILTY SELLING MARIJUANA
1
2
3
9 M
108
Not very guilty/badly
Somewhat guilty/badly
Very guilty/badly
ICPSR 3337
Page 21
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V97 (cont.)
9 M
V98
I'M A USEFUL PERSON
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V99
V101
V102
116
116
F1
117
117
F1
118
118
F1
119
119
F1
Almost never
Not too often
About half the time
Often
Almost always
No answer
FEEL GOOD ABOUT MYSELF
1
2
3
4
F1
Almost never
Not too often
About half the time
Often
Almost always
No answer
ABLE TO DO THINGS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
115
Almost never
Not too often
About half the time
Often
Almost always
No answer
GOOD JOB AS A PERSON
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
115
Almost never
Not too often
About half the time
Often
Almost always
No answer
I'M A PERSON OF WORTH
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V100
No answer
Almost never
Not too often
About half the time
Often
Page 22
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V102 (cont.)
5
9 M
V103
WHEN I DO A JOB I DO IT WELL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V104
V106
V107
121
122
F2
123
123
F1
124
124
F1
125
125
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
I LIKE SCHOOL
1
2
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
ED WORTH PUTTING UP W/ WHAT DON'T LIKE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
120
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Unknown
I TRY HARD IN SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
120
Almost never
Not too often
About half the time
Often
Almost always
No answer
HOMEWORK WASTE OF TIME
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
99 M
V105
Almost always
No answer
Strongly disagree
Disagree
ICPSR 3337
Page 23
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V107 (cont.)
3
4
5
9 M
V108
GRADES IMPORTANT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V109
V111
F1
127
127
F1
128
128
F1
129
129
F1
Definitely go with friends
Probably go with friends
Uncertain
Probably study
Definitely study
No answer
FRIENDS IN SCHOOL ACTIVITIES
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
126
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
CHOOSE FRIENDS / STUDYING
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
126
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
I FINISH HOMEWORK
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V110
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
Page 24
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V112
FRIENDS GET ALONG SCHOOL ADULTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V113
V114
V115
V116
131
F1
132
132
F1
133
133
F1
134
134
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS IN FAMILY ACTIVITIES
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
131
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS IN RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS IN COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
130
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS GOOD STUDENTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
130
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 25
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V117
FRIENDS HONEST
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V118
V119
V120
V121
136
F1
137
137
F1
138
138
F1
139
139
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS DESTROY PROPERTY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
136
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS LIE TO ADULTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS SKIP SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
135
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS OBEY SCHOOL RULES
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
135
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
Page 26
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V122
FRIENDS STEAL < $50
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V123
V124
V125
V126
141
F1
142
142
F1
143
143
F1
144
144
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS HIT SOMEONE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
141
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS STEAL A MOTOR VEHICLE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS GO INTO BUILDING TO STEAL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
140
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS STEAL > $50
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
140
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 27
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V127
FRIENDS ATTACK WITH WEAPON
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V128
V129
V130
V131
146
F1
147
147
F1
148
148
F1
149
149
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS USE TOBACCO
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
146
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS SOLD ILLEGAL DRUGS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS SOLD MARIJUANA
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
145
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS ARMED ROBBERY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
145
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
Page 28
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V132
FRIENDS USE ALCOHOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V133
V134
V135
V136
M
M
M
M
M
151
F1
152
152
F1
153
153
F1
154
156
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES SKIPPED CLASS
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
151
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
EVER SKIPPED CLASS
1
2
9 M
F1
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS USE ILLEGAL DRUGS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
150
None of them
Few of them
Half of them
Most of them
All of them
No answer
FRIENDS USE MARIJUANA
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
150
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 29
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V137
EVER LIED ABOUT AGE
1
2
9 M
V138
V139
M
M
M
M
M
V140
V141
M
M
M
M
M
160
F3
161
161
F1
162
164
F3
165
165
F1
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER DESTROY PROPERTY
1
2
9 M
158
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES NOT PAID FOR THINGS
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
F1
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER NOT PAID FOR THINGS
1
2
9 M
157
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES LIE ABOUT AGE
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
157
No
Yes
No answer
Page 30
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V142
TIMES DESTROY PROPERTY
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
V143
M
M
M
M
M
V144
V145
M
M
M
M
M
V146
169
F1
170
172
F3
173
173
F1
174
176
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES SPRAY PAINTED
2
3
6
52
365
169
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER SPRAY PAINTED
1
2
9 M
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES CARRIED WEAPON
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
168
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER CARRIED WEAPON
1
2
9 M
166
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
ICPSR 3337
Page 31
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V146 (cont.)
990
995
996
997
998
999
V147
M
M
M
M
M
EVER STOLE < $50
1
2
9 M
V148
M
M
M
M
M
V150
F1
178
180
F3
181
181
F1
182
184
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES STOLE > $50
2
3
6
52
365
990
995 M
996 M
997 M
177
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER STOLE > $50
1
2
9 M
177
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES STOLE < $50
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
V149
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Page 32
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V150 (cont.)
998 M
999 M
V151
EVER GO INTO BUILDING TO STEAL
1
2
9 M
V152
M
M
M
M
M
V154
M
M
M
M
M
F1
186
188
F3
189
189
F1
190
192
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES STOLEN MOTOR VEHICLE
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
185
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER STOLEN MOTOR VEHICLE
1
2
9 M
185
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES GO INTO BUILDING TO STEAL
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
V153
Refuse
No answer
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 33
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V155
EVER HIT SOMEONE
1
2
9 M
V156
V157
M
M
M
M
M
V158
V159
M
M
M
M
M
196
F3
197
197
F1
198
200
F3
201
201
F1
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER ARMED ROBBERY
1
2
9 M
194
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES ATTACK WITH WEAPON
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
F1
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER ATTACK SOMEONE WITH WEAPON
1
2
9 M
193
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES HIT SOMEONE
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
193
No
Yes
No answer
Page 34
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V160
TIMES ARMED ROBBERY
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
V161
M
M
M
M
M
V162
V163
M
M
M
M
M
V164
205
F1
206
208
F3
209
209
F1
210
212
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES SHOT AT WHEN TOLD TO
2
3
6
52
365
205
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER SHOT AT WHEN TOLD TO
1
2
9 M
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES INVOLVED GANG FIGHTS
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
204
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER INVOLVED GANG FIGHTS
1
2
9 M
202
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
ICPSR 3337
Page 35
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V164 (cont.)
990
995
996
997
998
999
V165
M
M
M
M
M
EVER SOLD MARIJUANA
1
2
9 M
V166
M
M
M
M
M
V168
F1
214
216
F3
217
217
F1
218
220
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES SOLD ILLEGAL DRUGS
2
3
6
52
365
990
995 M
996 M
997 M
213
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER SOLD ILLEGAL DRUGS
1
2
9 M
213
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES SOLD MARIJUANA
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
V167
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Page 36
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V168 (cont.)
998 M
999 M
V169
EVER USED TOBACCO
1
2
9 M
V170
M
M
M
M
M
M
V172
M
M
M
M
M
M
F1
222
225
F4
226
226
F1
227
230
F4
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES USED ALCOHOL
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
9999
221
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
Unknown
EVER USED ALCOHOL
1
2
9 M
221
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES USED TOBACCO
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
9999
V171
Refuse
No answer
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
Unknown
ICPSR 3337
Page 37
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V173
EVER USED MARIJUANA
1
2
9 M
V174
V175
M
M
M
M
M
M
V176
M
M
M
M
M
232
235
F4
236
236
F1
237
239
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES USED CONADOL
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
F1
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
Unknown
EVER USED CONADOL
1
2
9 M
231
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES USED MARIJUANA
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
9999
231
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
Page 38
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V177
EVER INHALED PAINT
1
2
9 M
V178
V179
M
M
M
M
M
M
V180
V181
M
M
M
M
M
M
244
F4
245
245
F1
246
249
F4
250
250
F1
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
Unknown
EVER BEEN HIT BY SOMEONE
1
2
9 M
241
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES USED ILLEGAL DRUGS
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
9999
F1
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
Unknown
EVER USED ILLEGAL DRUGS
1
2
9 M
240
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES INHALED PAINT
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
9999
240
No
Yes
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 39
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V182
TIMES HIT BY SOMEONE
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
V183
M
M
M
M
M
V184
V185
M
M
M
M
M
V186
254
F1
255
257
F3
258
258
F1
259
261
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES BEEN ATTACKED
2
3
254
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER BEEN ATTACKED
1
2
9 M
F3
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES BEEN ROBBED
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
253
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
EVER BEEN ROBBED
1
2
9 M
251
A couple
A few
Page 40
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V186 (cont.)
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
V187
M
M
M
M
M
EVER HAD SOMETHING STOLEN
1
2
9 M
V188
M
M
M
M
M
V190
F1
263
265
F3
266
266
F1
267
267
F1
No
Yes
No answer
GOOD GANG EXCITEMENT
1
2
9 M
262
A couple
A few
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
GOOD GANG FIT INTO GROUP
1
2
9 M
262
No
Yes
No answer
TIMES HAD THINGS STOLEN
2
3
6
52
365
990
995
996
997
998
999
V189
Every 2 months
Weekly
Everyday
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
No
Yes
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 41
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V191
GOOD GANG BE COOL
1
2
9 M
V192
V193
V194
V195
V196
V197
V198
270
F1
271
271
F1
272
273
F2
274
274
F1
275
275
F1
276
276
F1
No
Yes
No answer
BAD GANG TROUBLE WITH POLICE
1
2
9 M
270
No
Yes
No answer
BAD GANG FEEL GUILTY
1
2
9 M
F1
No
Yes
No answer
Unknown
GOOD GANG OTHER
1
2
9 M
269
No
Yes
No answer
GOOD GANG NO GOOD THINGS
1
2
9 M
99 M
269
No
Yes
No answer
GOOD GANG GET MONEY
1
2
9 M
F1
No
Yes
No answer
GOOD GANG FEEL SUCCESSFUL
1
2
9 M
268
No
Yes
No answer
GOOD GANG BE PROTECTED
1
2
9 M
268
No
Yes
No answer
Page 42
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V199
BAD GANG TROUBLE WITH PARENTS
1
2
9 M
V200
V201
V202
V203
V204
V205
279
279
F1
280
280
F1
281
281
F1
282
282
F1
283
283
F1
No
Yes
No answer
BAD GANG OTHER
1
2
9 M
F1
No
Yes
No answer
BAD GANG NO BAD THINGS
1
2
9 M
278
No
Yes
No answer
BAD GANG GET KILLED
1
2
9 M
278
No
Yes
No answer
BAD GANG GET HURT
1
2
9 M
F1
No
Yes
No answer
BAD GANG LOSE FRIENDS
1
2
9 M
277
No
Yes
No answer
BAD GANG TROUBLE WITH TEACHERS
1
2
9 M
277
No
Yes
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 43
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V206
FEEL HAVING GANG FRIENDS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V207
V208
V209
V210
V211
F1
286
286
F1
287
287
F1
288
288
F1
289
289
F1
No
Yes
No answer
IN A GANG NOW
1
2
9 M
285
Strongly disapprove
Disapprove
Neither approve nor disapprove
Approve
Strongly approve
No answer
EVER BEEN GANG MEMBER
1
2
9 M
285
Strongly disapprove
Disapprove
Neither approve nor disapprove
Approve
Strongly approve
No answer
FEEL DOING WHAT LEADER SAYS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disapprove
Disapprove
Neither approve nor disapprove
Approve
Strongly approve
No answer
FEEL DOING ILLEGAL GANG ACTIVITIES
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
284
Strongly disapprove
Disapprove
Neither approve nor disapprove
Approve
Strongly approve
No answer
FEEL IN GANG YOURSELF
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
284
No
Yes
No answer
Page 44
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V212
PLACE IN THE GANG
0
1
5
9 M
V213
V214
V215
V216
V217
V218
293
293
F1
294
294
F1
295
295
F1
296
296
F1
297
297
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG SPECIFIC RULES
0
1
2
9 M
F2
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG REGULAR MEETINGS
0
1
2
9 M
292
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG ESTABLISHED LEADERS
0
1
2
9 M
291
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG INITIATION RITES
0
1
2
9 M
F1
No answer
GANG JOIN BEFORE 13
0
1
2
9 M
290
Not in gang
Center of gang
Most outside circle
No answer
AGE WHEN JOINED GANG
99 M
290
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 45
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V219
GANG SPECIFIC ROLES
0
1
2
9 M
V220
V221
V222
V223
V224
F1
300
300
F1
301
301
F1
302
302
F1
303
305
F3
Not in gang
In gang
No answer
MEMBERS TOTAL NUMBER
2
3
990
995 M
996 M
997 M
299
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
MEMBERS IF IN GANG
0
1
9 M
299
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG ROLES FOR GIRLS
0
1
2
9 M
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG SYMBOLS/COLORS
0
1
2
9 M
298
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG ROLES EACH AGE GROUP
0
1
2
9 M
298
A couple
A few
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Page 46
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V224 (cont.)
998 M
999 M
V225
BOY MEMBERS
2
3
990
995
996
997
998
999
V226
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
V228
V229
309
311
F3
312
312
F1
313
313
F1
314
314
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
WHY JOIN FOR PROTECTION
0
1
2
9 M
F3
Not in gang
In gang
No answer
WHY JOIN FOR FUN
0
1
2
9 M
308
A couple
A few
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
WHY JOIN NOT IN GANG
0
1
9 M
306
A couple
A few
More than 989
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
Lots, etc.
Refuse
No answer
GIRL MEMBERS
2
3
990
995
996
997
998
999
V227
Refuse
No answer
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 47
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V230
WHY JOIN FRIEND IN GANG
0
1
2
9 M
V231
V232
V233
V234
V235
V236
317
317
F1
318
318
F1
319
319
F1
320
320
F1
321
321
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
WHY JOIN OTHER
0
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
WHY JOIN TO FIT IN BETTER
0
1
2
9 M
316
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
WHY JOIN FOR MONEY
0
1
2
9 M
316
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
WHY JOIN GET RESPECT
0
1
2
9 M
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
WHY JOIN FORCED TO
0
1
2
9 M
315
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
WHY JOIN BROTHER/SISTER IN
0
1
2
9 M
315
Not in gang
Page 48
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V236 (cont.)
1
2
9 M
V237
GANG HELP IN COMMUNITY
0
1
2
9 M
V238
V240
V241
V242
323
F1
324
324
F1
325
325
F1
326
326
F1
327
327
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG STEAL CARS
0
1
2
9 M
323
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG ROB OTHER PEOPLE
0
1
2
9 M
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG STEAL THINGS
0
1
2
9 M
322
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG PROVIDE PROTECTION
0
1
2
9 M
322
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG FIGHT WITH OTHER GANGS
0
1
2
9 M
V239
No
Yes
No answer
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 49
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V243
GANG SELL MARIJUANA
0
1
2
9 M
V244
V245
V246
V247
329
F1
330
330
F1
331
331
F1
332
332
F1
Not in gang
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
GANG MEMBERS PROVIDE SUPPORT/LOYALTY
0
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
329
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
IN GANG FEEL IMPORTANT
0
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG DESTROY PROPERTY
0
1
2
9 M
328
Not in gang
No
Yes
No answer
GANG SELL ILLEGAL DRUGS
0
1
2
9 M
328
Not in gang
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Page 50
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V248
GANG MAKES ME FEEL RESPECTED
0
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V249
V250
V251
V252
334
F1
335
335
F1
336
336
F1
337
337
F1
Not in gang
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
GANG IS LIKE FAMILY
0
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
334
Not in gang
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
ENJOY BEING GANG MEMBER
0
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Not in gang
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
GANG FEEL I BELONG SOMEWHERE
0
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
333
Not in gang
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
GANG FEEL LIKE I AM USEFUL
0
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
333
Not in gang
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
ICPSR 3337
Page 51
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V253
COMMIT CRIMES BECAUSE PREJUDICED
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V254
V255
V256
V257
339
F1
340
340
F1
341
341
F1
342
342
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
USE DRUGS BECAUSE PEER PRESSURE
1
2
3
339
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
USE DRUGS BECAUSE LOW SELF-ESTEEM
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
TURN TO GANG FOR BASIC NEEDS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
338
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
LEARN CULTURE AVOID CONFLICT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
338
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Page 52
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V257 (cont.)
4
5
9 M
V258
GANGS SELL DRUGS FOR MONEY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V259
V261
V262
344
344
F1
345
345
F1
346
346
F1
347
347
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
GANGS INTERFERE WITH GOALS
1
2
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
VIOLENCE INTERFERES RIGHT FEEL SAFE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
343
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
GANGS INTERFERE PEACE OF NEIGHBORHOOD
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
343
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
GANGS SELL DRUGS FOR POWER
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V260
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
Strongly disagree
Disagree
ICPSR 3337
Page 53
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V262 (cont.)
3
4
5
9 M
SCHOOL
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
No answer
SCHOOL
101
102
121
122
123
131
132
133
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
161
162
163
164
171
181
182
183
184
191
192
201
348
Pocatello 1
Pocatello 2
Omaha 1
Omaha 2
Omaha 3
Las Cruces 1
Las Cruces 2
Las Cruces 3
Phoenix 1
Phoenix 2
Phoenix 3
Phoenix 4
Phoenix 5
Phoenix 6
Phoenix 7
Phoenix 8
Phoenix 9
Phoenix 10
Phoenix 11
Philadelphia 1
Philadelphia 2
Philadelphia 3
Philadelphia 4
Philadelphia 5
Philadelphia 6
Torrance 1
Torrance 2
Torrance 3
Torrance 4
Providence
Kansas City 1
Kansas City 2
Kansas City 3
Kansas City 4
Orlando 1
Orlando 2
Milwaukee 1
350
F3
Page 54
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------SCHOOL (cont.)
202
203
204
211
212
V301
Milwaukee 2
Milwaukee 3
Milwaukee 4
Will County 1
Will County 2
CASE NUMBER
351
355
F5
Page 55
CODEBOOK FOR ICPSR 3337
EVALUATION OF THE GANG RESISTANCE EDUCATION AND
TRAINING (GREAT) PROGRAM IN THE UNITED STATES, 1995-1999
PART 2: LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER SURVEY DATA
PLEASE NOTE: The "M" between the code and the code label indicates
the code has been designated as a missing value.
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V1
APPROPRIATE LENGTH
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V2
V3
V4
V5
2
F1
3
3
F1
4
4
F1
5
5
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
GREAT ADDRESSES PROBLEMS OF STUDENTS
1
2
2
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
GREAT TEACHES SKILLS TO AVOID GANGS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
GREAT ADDRESSES RISK FACTORS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
AGE AND COMPREHENSION APPROPRIATE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Page 56
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V5 (cont.)
3
4
5
9 M
V6
GREAT DIVERTS MONEY AWAY FROM OTH DUTIES
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V7
V9
F1
7
7
F1
8
8
F1
9
9
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
STRENGTHEN POLICE/COMMUNITY RELATIONSHIP
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
6
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
BETTER RELATIONSHIP B/T POLICE & SCHOOLS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
6
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
GREAT IMPROVED POLICE/YOUTH RELATIONSHIP
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V8
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 57
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V10
POSITIVE INFLUENCE ON GANG PROBLEM
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V11
V12
V13
V14
V15
V16
12
13
F2
14
16
F3
17
17
F1
18
18
F1
19
19
F1
No
Yes
Missing
INSTRUCTOR- PREVENT KIDS FROM GANGS
1
2
9 M
F1
No
Yes
Missing
BECOMING INSTRUCTOR- WANTED TO TEACH
1
2
9 M
11
Missing
REASON FOR BECOMING INSTRUCTOR- ASSIGNED
1
2
9 M
11
Missing
YEAR OF TRAINING
999 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
MONTH OF TRAINING
99 M
10
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
POSITIVE INFLUENCE ON CRIME PROBLEM
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
10
No
Yes
Missing
Page 58
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V17
INSTRUCTOR- GET OUT OF OTHER DUTIES
1
2
9 M
V18
V19
V19A
V20
V21
V22
22
22
F1
23
24
F2
25
25
F1
26
26
F1
27
27
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
HOW PERCEIVED BY OTHER OFFICERS
1
2
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
SAME OPPORTUNITIES FOR OVERTIME
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
21
No
Yes
Missing
Unknown
IMPROVES CHANCES FOR PROMOTION
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
21
No
Yes
Missing
INSTRUCTOR- SUPPLEMENT DARE
1
2
9 M
99 M
F1
No
Yes
Missing
REASONS FOR BECOMING INSTRUCTOR - OTHER
1
2
9 M
20
No
Yes
Missing
INSTRUCTOR- OPPORTUNITY FOR PROMOTION
1
2
9 M
20
Very unfavorably
Unfavorably
ICPSR 3337
Page 59
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V22 (cont.)
3
4
5
9 M
V23
LESSON EFFECTIVENESS - INTRODUCTION
1
2
3
9 M
V24
V26
V27
V28
29
F1
30
30
F1
31
31
F1
32
32
F1
33
33
F1
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
EFFECTIVENESS - DRUGS & NEIGHBORHOOD
1
2
29
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
EFFECTIVENESS - MEETING BASIC NEEDS
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
EFFECTIVENESS - CONFLICT RESOLUTION
1
2
3
9 M
28
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
EFFECTIVENESS-CULTURAL SENSITIVITY
1
2
3
9 M
28
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
LESSON EFFECTIVENESS-CRIMES/V/RIGHTS
1
2
3
9 M
V25
Neither unfavorably nor favorably
Favorably
Very favorably
Missing
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Page 60
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V28 (cont.)
3
9 M
V29
LESSON EFFECTIVENESS - RESPONSIBILITY
1
2
3
9 M
V30
V32
V33
V34
35
F1
36
36
F1
37
37
F1
38
38
F1
39
39
F1
Not enough
Just right
Too much
Missing
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL-CONFLICT RESOLUTION
1
2
3
9 M
35
Not enough
Just right
Too much
Missing
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL-CULTURAL SENSITIVITY
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not enough
Just right
Too much
Missing
MATERIAL AMOUNT-CRIMES/VICTIMS & RIGHTS
1
2
3
9 M
34
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL - INTRODUCTION
1
2
3
9 M
34
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
LESSON EFFECTIVENESS - GOAL SETTING
1
2
3
9 M
V31
Very effective
Missing
Not enough
Just right
Too much
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 61
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V35
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL-MEETING BASIC NEEDS
1
2
3
9 M
V36
V37
V38
V39
V40
F1
42
42
F1
43
43
F1
44
44
F1
45
45
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
CALLED TO SCHOOLS-GANG RELATED VIOLENCE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
41
Not enough
Just right
Too much
Missing
POLICE CALLED TO SCHOOL-DELINQUENCY PROB
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
41
Not enough
Just right
Too much
Missing
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL - GOAL SETTING
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not enough
Just right
Too much
Missing
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL - RESPONSIBILITY
1
2
3
9 M
40
Not enough
Just right
Too much
Missing
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL-DRUGS & NEIGHBORHOOD
1
2
3
9 M
40
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
Page 62
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V41
POLICE IN SCHOOLS REDUCED DELINQ & VIOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V42
V43
V44
V45
47
F1
48
48
F1
49
49
F1
50
50
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
PEOPLE THREATENED BY CRIME IN COMMUNITY
1
2
3
4
47
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
DELINQUENCY IN COMMUNITY GANG RELATED
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
HIGH RATE OF DELINQUENCY IN COMMUNITY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
46
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
POLICE PREVENT STUDENTS FROM DRUGS/GANGS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
46
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
ICPSR 3337
Page 63
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V45 (cont.)
5
9 M
V46
SERIOUS GANG PROBLEM IN YOUR COMMUNITY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V47
V49
M
M
M
M
52
52
F1
53
58
F6
59
64
F6
65
66
F2
More than 989000
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
A lot
Missing
WHICH STATE IS YOUR AGENCY LOCATED IN
1
2
3
4
5
F1
More than 989000
Don't know
Positive, uncodable
A lot
Missing
HOW MANY GANG MEMBERS IN YOUR COMMUNITY
990000
995000
996000
997000
999000
V50
M
M
M
M
51
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
HOW MANY GANGS ARE IN YOUR COMMUNITY
990000
995000
996000
997000
999000
51
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
PUBLIC SUPPORTS LAW ENFORCEMENT EFFORTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V48
Strongly agree
Missing
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Page 64
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V50 (cont.)
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
ICPSR 3337
Page 65
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V50 (cont.)
50
51
52
99 M
V51
HOW IS YOUR AGENCY CLASSIFIED
1
2
3
4
5
6
9 M
V52
V54
V55
68
68
F1
69
69
F1
70
70
F1
71
71
F1
Assigned
Requested assignment
Other
Missing
ASSIGNMENT - SKILLS USED - AGE
1
2
9 M
F1
No
Yes
Missing
HOW DID YOU BECOME A GREAT OFFICER
1
2
3
9 M
67
1-10
11-50
51-100
101-250
251-500
501-1000
More than 1000
Missing
YOUR AGENCY HAVE A SPECIALIZED GANG UNIT
1
2
9 M
67
Local/municipal law enforcement agency
County police department
County sheriff's department
State law enforcement agency
Federal law enforcement agency
Other
Missing
# FULL TIME SWORN OFFICERS IN AGENCY
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9 M
V53
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Other
Missing
No
Yes
Missing
Page 66
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V56
ASSIGNMENT - SKILLS USED - GENDER
1
2
9 M
V57
V58
V59
V60
V61
V62
74
74
F1
75
75
F1
76
76
F1
77
77
F1
78
78
F1
No
Yes
Missing
ASSIG.-SKILLS USED-PRIOR TEACHING EXP.
1
2
9 M
F1
No
Yes
Missing
ASSIGNMENT - SKILLS USED - DIVISION
1
2
9 M
73
No
Yes
Missing
ASSIGN.-SKILLS USED - YEARS OF SERVICE
1
2
9 M
73
No
Yes
Missing
ASSIGNMENT - SKILLS USED - RANK
1
2
9 M
F1
No
Yes
Missing
ASSIGN.-SKILLS USED-LEVEL OF EDUCATION
1
2
9 M
72
No
Yes
Missing
ASSIGNMENT-SKILLS USED - RACE/ETHNICITY
1
2
9 M
72
No
Yes
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 67
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V63
ASSIGNMENT - SKILLS USED - OTHER
1
2
9 M
V64
V65
V66
V67
V68
V69
V70
V70A
F1
84
84
F1
85
85
F1
86
86
F1
87
87
F1
88
88
F1
89
90
F2
No
Yes
Missing
WHY INVOLVED - SUPPLEMENT DARE
1
83
No
Yes
Missing
WHY INVOLVED - OTHER
1
2
9 M
83
No
Yes
Missing
INVOLVED - SCHOOLS REQUESTED PROGRAM
1
2
9 M
F3
No
Yes
Missing
INVOLVED-IMPROVE POLICE/COMM RELATIONS
1
2
9 M
82
No
Yes
Missing
WHY INVOLVED - MONETARY RESOURCES
1
2
9 M
80
No
Yes
Missing
INVOLVED-RESP TO ANTICIPATED GANG PROB
1
2
9 M
F1
Missing
INVOLVED-RESPONSE TO EXISTING GANG PROB
1
2
9 M
79
No
Yes
Missing
YEAR AGENCY GOT INVOLVED IN GREAT PROG
999 M
79
No
Page 68
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V70A (cont.)
2
9 M
99 M
V70B
WHY INVOLVED - REPLACE DARE
1
2
9 M
99 M
V71
V73
V74
V75
93
F1
94
94
F1
95
95
F1
96
96
F1
97
97
F1
No
Yes
Missing
ELEMENTS - 5TH/6TH GRADE
1
2
9 M
93
No
Yes
Missing
ELEMENTS - 3RD/4TH GRADE
1
2
9 M
F2
6th
7th
8th
Missing
ELEMENTS - 1ST/2ND GRADE
1
2
9 M
92
No
Yes
Missing
GRADE - CORE CURRICULUM
1
2
3
9 M
91
No
Yes
Missing
Unknown
AGENCY TAUGHT GREAT LAST YEAR
1
2
9 M
V72
Yes
Missing
Unknown
No
Yes
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 69
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V76
ELEMENTS- 7TH/8TH GRADE
1
2
9 M
V77
V78
V79
V80
V81
V82
V83
V84
F1
101
101
F1
102
102
F1
103
105
F3
106
108
F3
109
111
F3
112
114
F3
Less than 15
Missing
% OF WORK ASSIGNMENT IS GREAT RELATED
999 M
100
Missing
AVERAGE SIZE OF GREAT CLASS
14
999 M
100
Missing
NUMBER OF GREAT CLASSES TAUGHT
999 M
F1
No
Yes
Missing
NUMBER OF SCHOOLS TAUGHT GREAT IN
999 M
99
Gang unit
Community relations division
Patrol
Other
Missing
DID YOU TEACH GREAT LAST YEAR
1
2
9 M
99
No
Yes
Missing
DIVISION WHERE GREAT IS
1
2
3
4
9 M
F1
No
Yes
Missing
ELEMENTS - OTHER
1
2
9 M
98
No
Yes
Missing
ELEMENTS - SUMMER
1
2
9 M
98
Missing
Page 70
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V85
TEACHER INVOLVED IN CURRICULUM
1
2
3
4
9 M
V86
V87
V88
V89
116
F1
117
117
F1
118
118
F1
The politics
The way GREAT officers are viewed by other off
Loss of chances for overtime pay
Losing touch with duties on the street
Other
Missing
FAVORITE GREAT LESSON
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 M
116
Working with the kids
Having a positive influence on kids
Getting out of other duties
Building bridges with the educational communit
Other
Missing
LIKE LEAST ABOUT BEING GREAT OFFICER
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Never
Sometimes
Often
Always
Missing
LIKE MOST ABOUT BEING GREAT OFFICER
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
115
Never
Sometimes
Often
Always
Missing
TEACHER SUPPLEMENT THE GREAT CURRICULUM
1
2
3
4
9 M
115
Introduction
Crimes, victims, and your rights
Cultural sensitivity
Conflict resolution
Meeting basic needs
Drugs & neighborhoods
Responsibility
Goal setting
Missing
119
119
F1
ICPSR 3337
Page 71
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V90
WHY IS THIS FAVORITE GREAT LESSON
1
2
3
4
5
6
9 M
V91
V93
121
121
F1
122
122
F1
There is too much information to cover
It is difficult to tie the material together
The topic is not relevant to our community
I am not familiar enough with the topic
Other
Boring/students don't like it
Not enough material
Missing
RANK
123
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Introduction
Crimes, victims, and your rights
Cultural sensitivity
Conflict resolution
Meeting basic needs
Drugs & neighborhoods
Responsibility
Goal setting
Missing
WHY LEAST FAVORITE GREAT LESSON
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9 M
120
enjoy it
is easy to understand
directly relevant to our communit
of personal interest
LEAST FAVORITE GREAT LESSON
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 M
V92
The students
The material
The topic is
The topic is
Other
Final at got
Missing
120
School resource/youth officer
Officer/deputy/agent
Sergeant/detective
Lieutenant or higher
Other
Missing
123
F1
Page 72
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V94
DIVISION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 M
V95
V96
V97
V98
V99
F2
127
128
F2
129
129
F1
130
131
F2
132
132
F1
Less than 25 years old
Over age 50
Missing
RACE/ETHNICITY
1
2
3
4
5
6
9 M
126
Male
Female
Missing
AGE (YEARS)
25
50
99 M
125
Less than three years
30 years or more
Missing
GENDER
1
2
9 M
F1
20 years or more
Missing
HOW LONG EMPLOYED IN LAW ENFORCEMENT
1
30
99 M
124
Patrol
Community relations
Youth/juvenile
Investigation/operations
Other
SRO/school liaison
Administration
Crime prevention/community policing
Missing
HOW LONG HELD CURRENT RANK (YEARS)
20
99 M
124
White/Anglo, not Hispanic
Black/African American
Hispanic/Latino
American Indian/Native American
Asian/Pacific Islander/Oriental
Other
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 73
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V100
HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION
1
2
3
4
5
6 M
9 M
Less than a high school diploma
High school diploma/GED
Associate's degree/some college
Bachelor's degree
Master's degree/Doctorate
Other
Missing
133
133
F1
Page 74
ICPSR
3337
Page 75
CODEBOOK FOR ICPSR 3337
EVALUATION OF THE GANG RESISTANCE EDUCATION AND
TRAINING (GREAT) PROGRAM IN THE UNITED STATES, 1995-1999
PART 3: SCHOOL PERSONNEL SURVEY DATA
PLEASE NOTE: The "M" between the code and the code label indicates
the code has been designated as a missing value.
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V1
PROBLEMS FACING YOUR SCHOOL - TRUANCY
1
2
3
9 M
V2
V3
V4
V5
V6
F1
3
3
F1
4
4
F1
5
5
F1
6
6
F1
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS-PERSONNEL SAFETY
1
2
3
9 M
2
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
MEETING STATE EDUCATIONAL STANDARDS
1
2
3
9 M
2
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS - CLASSROOM SIZE
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS - CROWDING
1
2
3
9 M
1
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS - ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
1
2
3
9 M
1
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
Page 76
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V7
PROBLEMS FACING YOUR SCHOOL - BULLYING
1
2
3
9 M
V8
V9
V10
V11
V12
F1
9
9
F1
10
10
F1
11
11
F1
12
12
F1
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS FACING YOUR SCHOOL - VIOLENCE
1
2
3
9 M
8
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS-DELINQUENCY
1
2
3
9 M
8
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS-OTHER DRUG USE
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS - ALCOHOL USE
1
2
3
9 M
7
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PROBLEMS FACING YOUR SCHOOL-TOBACCO USE
1
2
3
9 M
7
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 77
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V13
PROBLEMS FACING YOUR SCHOOL - GANGS
1
2
3
9 M
V14
V15
V16
V17
V18
F1
15
15
F1
16
16
F1
17
17
F1
18
18
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
TEACHERS INCORPORATE PREVENTION PROGRAMS
1
2
14
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
MORE PREVENTION PROGS TAUGHT IN SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
14
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
DRUG PREVENTION SCHOOL'S RESPONSIBILITY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
SCHOOLS SHOULD FOCUS ON BASICS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
13
Not a problem
Somewhat of a problem
A big problem
Missing
PREVENTION PROG EFFECTIVE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
13
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Page 78
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V18 (cont.)
3
4
5
9 M
V19
PREVENTION PROGS DISRUPTIVE TO CURRIC.
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V20
V22
F1
20
20
F1
21
21
F1
22
22
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
CUURICULUM REINFORCES PREVENTION PROGS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
19
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
TEACHERS PARTICIPATE PREVENTION PROGRAMS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
19
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
PREVENTION NOT SCHOOL'S RESPONSIBILITY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V21
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 79
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V23
SCHOOL ENVIRON. SAFER W/ POLICE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V24
V25
V26
V27
24
F1
25
25
F1
26
26
F1
27
27
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
POLICE IN SCHOOL-REDUCED DELINQUENCY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
24
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF POLICE IMPROVED
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
POLICE CALLED TO HANDLE GANG VIOLENCE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
23
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
POLICE CALLED TO HANDLE DELINQUENCY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
23
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
Page 80
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V28
I SUPPORT HAVING POLICE IN SCHOOLS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V29
V30
V31
V32
29
F1
30
30
F1
31
31
F1
32
32
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
LOT OF GANG ACTIVITY AT YOUR SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
29
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
POLICE IMPORTANT IN PREVENTING DRUG USE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
UNIFORMED OFFICER DON'T BELONG IN SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
28
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
UNIFORMED OFFICERS GOOD INSTRUCTORS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
28
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 81
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V33
STUDENTS GET ALONG WELL WITH EACH OTHER
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V34
V35
V36
V37
34
F1
35
35
F1
36
36
F1
37
37
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
YOU FEEL SAFE AT YOUR SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
34
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
STUDENTS GET ALONG WELL WITH PERSONNEL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
RACIAL CONFLICT BETWEEN STUDENTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
33
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
LOT OF FIGHTS BETWEEN DIFFERENT GROUPS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
33
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
Page 82
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V38
DISCIPLINARY PROBS ARE GANG-RELATED
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V39
V40
V41
V42
39
F1
40
40
F1
41
41
F1
42
42
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
FEEL SAFE IN NEIGHBORHOOD AROUND SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
39
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
NEIGHBORHOOD CRIME GANG-RELATED
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
HIGH RATE OF DELINQUENCY IN NEIGHBORHOOD
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
38
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
RACIAL CONFLICT IN NEIGHBORHOOD
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
38
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 83
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V43
PREVENTION PROG-INCREASING SOCIAL SKILLS
1
2
3
9 M
V44
V45
V46
V47
V48
V49
45
45
F1
46
46
F1
47
47
F1
48
48
F1
49
49
F1
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
VICTIMS' RIGHTS
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
CULTURAL AWARENESS
1
2
3
9 M
44
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
INCREASING SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
1
2
3
9 M
44
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
ALTERING PERCEPTIONS
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
ENCOURAGING POSITIVE RELATIONSHIPS
1
2
3
9 M
43
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
INCREASING EMPATHY FOR VICTIMS
1
2
3
9 M
43
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
Page 84
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V50
LAWS AND PUNISHMENTS
1
2
3
9 M
V51
V52
V53
V54
V55
V56
52
52
F1
53
53
F1
54
54
F1
55
55
F1
56
56
F1
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
SMALL GROUP ACTIVITIES
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
ROLE PLAYING
1
2
3
9 M
51
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
CLASS DISCUSSION
1
2
3
9 M
51
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS-LECTURE
1
2
3
9 M
F1
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
1
2
3
9 M
50
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Missing
DANGERS OF DRUGS AND GANGS
1
2
3
9 M
50
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 85
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------V57
WRITTEN HOMEWORK
1
2
3
9 M
V58
V59
V60
V61
V62
F1
59
59
F1
60
60
F1
61
61
F1
62
62
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
SUPPORT/WOULD SUPPORT GREAT IN MY SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
58
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
ENOUGH CLASS TIME TO COVER MATERIALS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
58
No
Yes
Missing
GREAT-CURRICULUM LENGTH IS ENOUGH
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
No
Yes
Missing
GREAT BEEN TAUGHT IN YOUR CLASSROOM
1
2
9 M
57
Not effective
Somewhat effective
Very effective
Missing
FAMILIAR WITH GREAT (IF NO, SKIP TO V70)
1
2
9 M
57
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
Page 86
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V63
AGE- AND COMPREHENSION-LEVEL APPROPRIATE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V64
V65
V66
V67
64
F1
65
65
F1
66
66
F1
67
67
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
ADDRESSES SPECIFIC PROBLEMS OF STUDENTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
64
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
POSITIVE EFFECT ON STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
F1
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
TEACHES SKILLS TO AVOID GANGS & VIOLENCE
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
63
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL APPEALS TO STUDENTS
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
63
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 87
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V68
REDUCES GANG PARTICIPATION IN SCHOOL
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V69
V70
F1
69
69
F1
70
71
F2
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
SCHOOL NAME
2
3
4
11
12
13
15
21
23
24
31
32
41
42
43
44
51
52
53
54
99 M
68
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
Missing
REDUCES COMMUNITY GANG PARTICIPATION
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
68
Portland 1
Portland 2
Portland 3
Lincoln 1
Lincoln 2
Lincoln 3
Lincoln 4
Omaha 1
Omaha 2
Omaha 3
Las Cruces 1
Las Cruces 2
Phoenix 1
Phoenix 2
Phoenix 3
Phoenix 4
Philadelphia
Philadelphia
Philadelphia
Philadelphia
Missing
1
2
3
4
Page 88
ICPSR
3337
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V71
PRIMARY JOB ASSIGNMENT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
V72
V73
V74
V75
73
F1
74
74
F1
75
76
F2
77
78
F2
Less than 15
15-20
21-30
Over 30
Missing
TOTAL YEARS TAUGHT AT THIS SCHOOL
16
99 M
73
Special Education
Health/Physical Education
Language Arts
Math/Computer Science
Natural Sciences
Social Sciences
Other
Art/Music/Theater
Mixed responses
Missing
CLASS SIZE
1
2
3
4
99 M
F1
5th or 6th
7th
8th
9th
Mixed responses
Missing
SUBJECT TAUGHT
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 M
72
Administrator
Teacher
Counselor
Other
Mixed responses
Missing
GRADE LEVEL TAUGHT
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
72
Over 15 years
Missing
ICPSR 3337
Page 89
----------------------------------------------------------------------BEG END
NAME
VARIABLE LABEL
COL COL
FMT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
V76
TOTAL YEARS IN EDUCATION
30
99 M
V77
V78
F2
81
81
F1
82
82
F1
Male
Female
Missing
RACE/ETHNICITY
1
2
3
4
5
9 M
80
30 years or more
Missing
SEX
1
2
9 M
79
White/Anglo, not Hispanic
Black/African American
Hispanic/Latino
Other
Mixed responses
Missing
V79
CASE NUMBER
83
85
F3
SITE
SITE
86
86
F1
1
2
3
4
5
6
Portland
Lincoln
Omaha
Las Cruces
Phoenix
Philadelphia
Page 90
ICPSR
3337
ICPSR 3337
Page 91
Data Collection Instruments
Supplied by Principal Investigator
Any column locations indicated in the original documentation
refer to the original data format. The data were restructured,
and the new column locations are listed in the ICPSR codebook
and data definition statements.
Page 92
ICPSR
3337
NATIONAL EVALUATION OF G.R.E.A.T.
STUDENT QUESTIONNAIRE
Fall 1995
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Department of Criminal Justice
1100 Neihardt
Lincoln, NE 68588-0630
INSTRUCTIONS
1.
Please answer the questions in the order they appear.
2.
Circle the number that shows your best answer to each question.
3.
There are no right or wrong answers. Your opinion is what counts.
4.
Do NOT write your name on the questionnaire.
5.
Your answers are CONFIDENTIAL - - no one will ever connect your name with the
answers you give.
6.
You have the right to skip any question that you do not want to answer.
7.
You can stop filling out the questionnaire any time you wish.
WE HOPE YOU ENJOY ANSWERING THESE QUESTIONS
1
A. We are going to begin with a few questions about you and your background. Please
circle the response that best describes you.
1.
I am
1. Male
2. Female
2.
I am
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
3.
I was born
1. In the United States
2. In another country
4.
I am
5.
I live with
6.
What is the highest level of schooling your father completed?
1. Grade school or less
5. Completed college
2. Some high school
6. More than college
3. Completed high school 7. Don't know
4. Some college
7.
What is the highest level of schooling your mother completed?
1. Grade school or less
5. Completed college
2. Some high school
6. More than college
3. Completed high school 7. Don't know
4. Some college
8.
Did you complete the DARE program in grade school?
1. No
2. Yes
9.
Did you complete the G.R.E.A.T. program?
1. No
2. Yes
White/Anglo, not Hispanic
Black/African-American
Hispanic/Latino
American Indian/Native American
Asian/Pacific Islander/Oriental
Other (SPECIFY)
years old.
1.
2.
3.
4.
my mother only
my father only
both my mother and father
other (SPECIFY)
2
B. The following questions are about your school. Circle the response that best describes
your school.
1.
There is a lot of gang activity at my school.
1. Strongly Disagree
2.
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
There is a lot of pressure to join gangs at my school.
1. Strongly Disagree
9.
4. Agree
I feel safe in the neighborhood around my school.
1. Strongly Disagree
8.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
I feel safe at my school.
1. Strongly Disagree
7.
2. Disagree
There is a lot of racial conflict between students at my school.
1. Strongly Disagree
6.
5. Strongly Agree
Students beat up teachers.
1. Strongly Disagree
5.
4. Agree
There are a lot of fights between different groups at my school.
1. Strongly Disagree
4.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
Students get along well with each other at my school.
1. Strongly Disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
There are gang fights at my school.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
3
C. The following few questions are about your family. First think about your mother or
mother-figure and circle the number that best represents your attitude. The closer the number
is to the phrase, the more you think that is the case. If you don't have a mother or motherfigure, leave these questions blank.
Think about your mother or mother-figure .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
can talk
about anything
always trusts
me
knows all
my friends
always
understands me
always ask
her advice
always praises me
when I do well
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
can't talk
about anything
1
never trusts
me
1
does not know
any of my friends
1
never
understands me
1
never ask
her advice
1
never praises me
when I do well
4
Next, think about your father or father-figure. If you don't have a father or father-figure,
leave these questions blank.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
can talk
about anything
always trusts
me
knows all
my friends
always
understands me
always ask
his advice
always praises me
when I do well
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
can't talk
about anything
1
never trusts
me
1
does not know
any of my friends
1
never
understands me
1
never ask
his advice
1
never praises me
when I do well
How much do you agree or disagree with these statements?
13.
When I go someplace, I leave a note for my parents or call them to tell them where I am.
1. Strongly Disagree
14.
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
I know how to get in touch with my parents if they are not at home.
1. Strongly Disagree
16.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
My parents know where I am when I am not at home or at school.
1. Strongly Disagree
15.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
My parents know who I am with if I am not at home.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
5
D. Remember, there are no right or wrong answers. It is your opinion that is important.
1.
I often act on the spur of the moment without stopping to think.
1. Strongly Disagree
2.
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
I sometimes feel that I don't belong with any ethnic group.
1. Strongly Disagree
12.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
If I were to be born all over again, I would want to be born into a different ethnic group
from the one I belong to.
1. Strongly Disagree
11.
2. Disagree
I have a strong sense of belonging to my own ethnic group.
1. Strongly Disagree
10.
5. Strongly Agree
Excitement and adventure are more important to me than security.
1. Strongly Disagree
9.
4. Agree
I sometimes find it exciting to do things for which I might get in trouble.
1. Strongly Disagree
8.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
Sometimes I will take a risk just for the fun of it.
1. Strongly Disagree
7.
2. Disagree
I like to test myself every now and then by doing something a little risky.
1. Strongly Disagree
6.
5. Strongly Agree
I'm more concerned with what happens to me in the short run than in the long run.
1. Strongly Disagree
5.
4. Agree
I often do whatever brings me pleasure here and now, even at the cost of some distant
goal.
1. Strongly Disagree
4.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
I don't devote much thought and effort to preparing for the future.
1. Strongly Disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
I feel good about my cultural or ethnic background.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
6
E. The next few questions are about your attitudes toward the police.
1.
Police officers are honest.
1. Strongly Disagree
2.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
Police officers are respectful toward people like me.
1. Strongly Disagree
7.
2. Disagree
Police officers are usually courteous.
1. Strongly Disagree
6.
5. Strongly Agree
Most police officers are usually friendly.
1. Strongly Disagree
5.
4. Agree
Police officers are hardworking.
1. Strongly Disagree
4.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
Most police officers are usually rude.
1. Strongly Disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
Police officers are prejudiced against minority persons.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
8.
I feel safer when police officers are in my school.
9.
Police officers make good teachers.
10.
Police officers don't know much about gangs.
7
F. For the next set of questions, think about your current group of friends.
1.
How many close friends do you have?
2.
How many of your close friends are in a gang?
3.
Do you ever spend time hanging around with your current friends not doing anything in
particular where no adults are present?
1. No
2. Yes
4.
IF YES, how many hours do you spend doing this during an average week?
hours
5.
Do you ever spend time getting together with your current friends where drugs and
alcohol are available?
1. No
2. Yes
6.
IF YES, how many hours do you spend doing this during an average week?
hours
7.
If your group of friends was getting you into trouble at home, how likely is it that you
would still hang out with them?
1. Not at All Likely
8.
5. Very Likely
2. A Little Likely
3. Somewhat Likely
4. Likely
5. Very Likely
2. A Little Likely
3. Somewhat Likely
4. Likely
5. Very Likely
If your friends told you not to do something because it was wrong, how likely is it that
you would listen to them?
1. Not at All Likely
11.
4. Likely
If your group of friends was getting you into trouble with the police, how likely is it that
you would still hang out with them?
1. Not at All Likely
10.
3. Somewhat Likely
number
If your group of friends was getting you into trouble at school, how likely is it that you
would still hang out with them?
1. Not at All Likely
9.
2. A Little Likely
number
2. A Little Likely
3. Somewhat Likely
4. Likely
5. Very Likely
If your friends told you not to do something because it was against the law, how likely is
it that you would listen to them?
1. Not at All Likely
2. A Little Likely
3. Somewhat Likely
4. Likely
5. Very Likely
8
G. These next few questions are about your opinions about a number of different things.
How much do you agree or disagree with these statements?
1.
Even though there are lots of students around, I often feel lonely at school.
1. Strongly Disagree
2.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
It's okay to lie to someone if it will keep you out of trouble with them.
1. Strongly Disagree
11.
2. Disagree
It's okay to lie if it will keep your friends from getting in trouble with parents, teachers, or
police.
1. Strongly Disagree
10.
5. Strongly Agree
It's okay to tell a small lie if it doesn't hurt anyone.
1. Strongly Disagree
9.
4. Agree
I'll never have enough money to go to college.
1. Strongly Disagree
8.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
I won't be able to finish high school because my family will want me to get a job.
1. Strongly Disagree
7.
2. Disagree
A person like me has a pretty good chance of going to college.
1. Strongly Disagree
6.
5. Strongly Agree
I probably won't be able to do the kind of work that I want to do because I won't have
enough education.
1. Strongly Disagree
5.
4. Agree
Sometimes I feel lonely when I'm with my family.
1. Strongly Disagree
4.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
Sometimes I feel lonely when I'm with my friends.
1. Strongly Disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
It's okay to steal something from someone who is rich and can easily replace it.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
9
12.
It's okay to take little things from a store without paying for them since stores make so
much money that it won't hurt them.
1. Strongly Disagree
13.
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
It's okay to get in a physical fight with someone if you have to stand up for or protect your
rights.
1. Strongly Disagree
16.
4. Agree
It's okay to get into a physical fight with someone if they hit you first.
1. Strongly Disagree
15.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
It's okay to steal something if that's the only way you could ever get it.
1. Strongly Disagree
14.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
It's okay to get in a physical fight with someone if they are threatening to hurt your friends
or family.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
H. How guilty or how badly would you feel if you . . . .
1.
Skipped school without an excuse?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
2.
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Stole something worth more than $50?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
6.
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Stole something worth less than $50?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
5.
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
Purposely damaged or destroyed property that did not belong to you?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
4.
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Lied, disobeyed or talked back to adults such as parents, teachers, or others?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
3.
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Went into or tried to go into a building to steal something?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
10
7.
Stole or tried to steal a motor vehicle?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
8.
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Used marijuana?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
16.
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Used alcohol?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
15.
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
Used tobacco products?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
14.
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Sold other illegal drugs such as heroin, cocaine, crack, or LSD?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
13.
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
Sold marijuana?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
12.
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Used a weapon or force to get money or things from people?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
11.
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
Attacked someone with a weapon?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
10.
3. Very Guilty/Badly
Hit someone with the idea of hurting them?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
9.
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
Used other illegal drugs such as heroin, cocaine, crack, or LSD?
1. Not Very Guilty/Badly
2. Somewhat Guilty/Badly
3. Very Guilty/Badly
11
I. Indicate how often you think these statements describe you.
1.
I am a useful person to have around.
1. Almost Never
2.
2. Not too Often
3. About Half the Time
4. Often
5. Almost Always
2. Not too Often
4. Often
5. Almost Always
3. About Half the Time
4. Often
5. Almost Always
3. About Half the Time
4. Often
5. Almost Always
3. About Half the Time
4. Often
5. Almost Always
3. About Half the Time
2. Not too Often
I feel good about myself.
1. Almost Never
6.
5. Almost Always
I am able to do things as well as most other people.
1. Almost Never
5.
4. Often
As a person, I do a good job these days.
1. Almost Never
4.
3. About Half the Time
I feel that I am a person of worth, at least as much as others.
1. Almost Never
3.
2. Not too Often
2. Not too Often
When I do a job, I do it well.
1. Almost Never
2. Not too Often
Next, please answer the following questions about school and your friends.
J. How much do you agree or disagree with these statements?
1.
Homework is a waste of time.
1. Strongly Disagree
2.
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
In general, I like school.
1. Strongly Disagree
5.
4. Agree
Education is so important that it's worth it to put up with things about school that I don't
like.
1. Strongly Disagree
4.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
I try hard in school.
1. Strongly Disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
Grades are very important to me.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
12
6.
I usually finish my homework.
1. Strongly Disagree
7.
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
If you had to choose between studying to get a good grade on a test or going out with your
friends, which would you do?
1. Definitely Go with Friends
Study
2. Probably Go with Friends
3. Uncertain
4. Probably Study 5. Definitely
K. During the last year, how many of your current friends have done the following?
1.
Have been involved in school activities or school athletics?
1. None of them
2.
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
Have been generally honest and told the truth?
1. None of them
8.
3. Half of them
Regularly took part in their own family activities?
1. None of them
7.
2. Few of them
Have been regularly involved in religious activities?
1. None of them
6.
5. All of them
Have been involved in community activities such as scouts, athletic league, or others?
1. None of them
5.
4. Most of them
Have been thought of as good students?
1. None of them
4.
3. Half of them
Got along well with teachers and adults at school?
1. None of them
3.
2. Few of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
Almost always obeyed school rules?
1. None of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
13
L. During the last year, how many of your current friends have done the following?
1.
Skipped school without an excuse?
1. None of them
2.
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
Sold marijuana?
1. None of them
12.
3. Half of them
Used a weapon or force to get money or things from people?
1. None of them
11.
2. Few of them
Attacked someone with a weapon?
1. None of them
10.
5. All of them
Hit someone with the idea of hurting them?
1. None of them
9.
4. Most of them
Stolen or tried to steal a motor vehicle?
1. None of them
8.
3. Half of them
Gone into or tried to go into a building to steal something?
1. None of them
7.
2. Few of them
Stolen something worth more than $50?
1. None of them
6.
5. All of them
Stolen something worth less than $50.
1. None of them
5.
4. Most of them
Purposely damaged or destroyed property that did not belong to them?
1. None of them
4.
3. Half of them
Lied, disobeyed, or talked back to adults such as parents, teachers, or others?
1. None of them
3.
2. Few of them
Sold illegal drugs such as heroin, cocaine, crack or LSD?
1. None of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
14
13.
Used tobacco products?
1. None of them
14.
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
Used marijuana?
1. None of them
16.
3. Half of them
Used alcohol?
1. None of them
15.
2. Few of them
Used other illegal drugs such as heroin, cocaine, crack, or LSD?
1. None of them
2. Few of them
3. Half of them
4. Most of them
5. All of them
M. Studies have found that everyone breaks the rules and laws some times. Have you ever
done any of the following? If yes, please indicate how many times in the past 3 months you
have done each thing.
Ever Done
If Yes, How
Many Times in
Have you ever . . . .
Past 3 Months
1.
Skipped classes without an excuse?
Times
1. No 2. Yes
2.
Lied about your age to get into
some place or to buy something?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
3.
Avoided paying for things such as
movies, bus or subway rides?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
4.
Purposely damaged or destroyed
property that did not belong to you?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
5.
Carried a hidden weapon for
protection?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
6.
Illegally spray painted a wall or a
building?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
15
Ever Done
If Yes, How
Many Times in
Past 3 Months
7.
Stolen or tried to steal something
worth less than $50?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
8.
Stolen or tried to steal something
worth more than $50?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
9.
Gone into or tried to go into a
building to steal something?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
10.
Stolen or tried to steal a motor
vehicle?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
11.
Hit someone with the idea of
hurting them?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
12.
Attacked someone with a weapon?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
13.
Used a weapon or force to get
money or things from people?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
14.
Been involved in gang fights?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
15.
Shot at someone because you were
told to by someone else?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
16.
Sold marijuana?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
17.
Sold other illegal drugs such as
heroin, cocaine, crack or LSD?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
16
N. Have you used any of the following drugs? If you have, please answer how many times
you've used each drug in the past 3 months.
If Yes, How Many
Have you ever used . . . .
Times in Past
Ever Done
3 Months
1.
Tobacco products?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
2.
Alcohol?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
3.
Marijuana?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
4.
Conadol?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
5.
Paint, glue or other things you inhale to
get high?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
6.
Other illegal drugs?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
O. Have any of the following things ever happened to you? If yes, how many times in the
past 3 months?
If Yes, How Many
Times in Past 3
Have you ever . . . .
Ever
Months
Happened
1.
been hit by someone trying to hurt you?
1. No
2. Yes
Times
2.
had someone use a weapon or force to get 1. No
money or things from you?
2. Yes
Times
3.
been attacked by someone with a weapon 1. No
or by someone trying to seriously hurt or
kill you?
2. Yes
Times
4.
had some of your things stolen from you? 1. No
2. Yes
Times
17
P. The following questions ask about your attitudes about gangs and things that gangs do.
1.
Whether or not you are a member of a gang, what GOOD things do you think would
happen to you as a gang member?
(CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)
1. I would fit into a group better.
2. I would have excitement.
3. I would be "cool".
4. I would be protected.
5. I would feel successful.
6. I would get money.
7. There are no good things.
8. Other (SPECIFY)
2.
Whether or not you are a gang member, what BAD things do you think would happen to
you as a gang member.
(CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)
1. I would feel guilty
2. I would get into trouble with police
3. I would get into trouble with parents
4. I would get into trouble with teachers
5. I would lose my nongang friends
6. I would get hurt
7. I would get killed
8. There are no bad things
9. other (SPECIFY)
Whether or not you are in a gang, how do you feel about . . . .
3.
having friends in gangs?
1. Strongly Disapprove
Approve
4.
2. Disapprove
3. Neither Approve nor Disapprove
4. Approve
5. Strongly
3. Neither Approve nor Disapprove
4. Approve
5. Strongly
being in a gang yourself?
1. Strongly Disapprove
Approve
2. Disapprove
18
5.
taking part in illegal gang activities?
1. Strongly Disapprove
Approve
6.
2. Disapprove
3. Neither Approve nor Disapprove
4. Approve
5. Strongly
4. Approve
5. Strongly
doing whatever the gang leader tells you to do?
1. Strongly Disapprove
Approve
2. Disapprove
3. Neither Approve nor Disapprove
7.
Have you ever been a gang member?
1. No
2. Yes
8.
Are you now in a gang?
1. No
2. Yes
8a.
Suppose the circle on the board represents your gang. How far from the center of the
gang are you? Circle the number that best describes your place in your gang.
1
2
3
4
5
0. Not in Gang
(IF YOU ARE NOT IN A GANG, CIRCLE THE "Not in gang" RESPONSE IN
QUESTIONS 9-20)
9.
How old were you when you joined this gang?
About
10.
years old.
0. Not in gang
Do the following describe your gang?
a. You can join before age 13.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
b. There are initiation rites.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
c. The gang has established leaders.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
d. The gang has regular meetings.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
e. The gang has specific rules or codes.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
f. Gang members have specific roles.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
g. There are roles for each age group.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
19
h. The gang has symbols or colors.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
i. There are specific roles for girls.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
11. How many members are there in your gang?
0. Not in gang
a. Total number
b. How many boys?
number
c. How many girls?
number
12. Why did you join the gang? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)
0. Not in gang
1. For fun
2. For protection
3. A friend was in the gang
4. A brother or sister was in the gang
5. I was forced to join
6. To get respect
7. For money
8. To fit in better
9. Other (SPECIFY)
13.
Does your gang do the following things?
a. Help out in the community.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
b. Get in fights with other gangs.
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
c. Provide protection for each other
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
d. Steal things
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
e. Rob other people
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
f. Steal cars
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
g. Sell marijuana
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
h. Sell other illegal drugs
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
i. Damage or destroy property
1. No
2. Yes
0. Not in gang
20
How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
14.
Being in my gang makes me feel important.
1. Strongly Disagree
gang
15
5. Strongly Agree
0. Not in
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
0. Not in
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
0. Not in
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
0. Not in
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
0. Not in
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
0. Not in
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
Learning sensitivity to cultures different from my own will help me avoid conflict with
others.
1. Strongly Disagree
23.
4. Agree
People sometimes commit crimes because they are prejudiced against others.
1. Strongly Disagree
22.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
My gang is like a family to me.
1. Strongly Disagree
gang
21.
2. Disagree
I really enjoy being a member of my gang.
1. Strongly Disagree
gang
20.
0. Not in
Being a gang member makes me feel like I really belong somewhere.
1. Strongly Disagree
gang
19.
5. Strongly Agree
Being a gang member makes me feel like I'm a useful person to have around.
1. Strongly Disagree
gang
18.
4. Agree
Being a gang member makes me feel respected.
1. Strongly Disagree
gang
17.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
My gang members provide a good deal of support and loyalty for one another.
1. Strongly Disagree
gang
16.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
If my family could not meet my basic needs such as food, clothing and protection, I
would turn to a gang for help.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
21
24.
Persons my age use drugs because they have low self-esteem.
1. Strongly Disagree
25.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
Violence interferes with a person's basic right to feel safe and secure.
1. Strongly Disagree
30.
2. Disagree
Gangs interfere with the peace and safety of a neighborhood.
1. Strongly Disagree
29.
5. Strongly Agree
Gangs sell drugs because it gives them a sense of power in the community.
1. Strongly Disagree
28.
4. Agree
Gangs sell drugs just to make money.
1. Strongly Disagree
27.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
Persons my age use drugs because of peer pressure.
1. Strongly Disagree
26.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
Getting involved with gangs will interfere with reaching your goals.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree
22
Thank you very much for answering these questions. We really appreciate your help.
23
Please provide the following information. Once you have completed this page, tear it out and
hand it to one of the researchers.
PLEASE PRINT
Your Name:
Address:
City
State
Zip
State
Zip
Telephone #:
Parent or Guardian Name:
Address (if different):
City
NATIONAL EVALUATION OF G.R.E.A.T.
LAW ENFORCEMENT SURVEY
1999
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Department of Criminal Justice
1100 Neihardt
Lincoln, NE 68588-0630
You have been identified by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms as a graduate of
the Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.) program’s G.R.E.A.T. Officer
Training (G.O.T.). All officers who have completed G.O.T. are being asked to complete
this survey as part of the National Institute of Justice - sponsored National Evaluation of
G.R.E.A.T., conducted by the University of Nebraska at Omaha.
The survey should take about 10 – 15 minutes to complete. When you are done, return the
survey in the business-reply envelope provided. Thank you.
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Please answer the questions in the order they appear.
2. Circle the number that shows your best answer to each question.
3. There are no right or wrong answers. Your opinion is what counts.
4. Do NOT write your name on the questionnaire.
5. Your answers are ANONYMOUS. No one will connect your name with your answers.
6. You have the right to skip any question that you do not want to answer.
1
A. The following questions are about your perceptions of the G.R.E.A.T. program. Please circle the response
that best represents your opinion.
1.
The length of the G.R.E.A.T. program (i.e., one hour a week for nine weeks) provides enough time to cover the
important, relevant topics.
1. Strongly Disagree
2.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
The G.R.E.A.T. curriculum is appropriate for the students’ age and comprehension levels.
1. Strongly Disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
The lessons contained in the G.R.E.A.T. curriculum adequately address the risk factors for engaging in gangs
and delinquency.
1. Strongly Disagree
4.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
The G.R.E.A.T. program has contributed to a better relationship between law enforcement and local schools.
1. Strongly Disagree
9.
2. Disagree
The G.R.E.A.T. program has improved police / youth relationships.
1. Strongly Disagree
8.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
The G.R.E.A.T. program diverts resources away from legitimate law enforcement duties.
1. Strongly Disagree
7.
2. Disagree
The G.R.E.A.T. program addresses problems facing students in your community.
1. Strongly Disagree
6.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
The G.R.E.A.T. program teaches students the skills they need to avoid gangs and violence.
1. Strongly Disagree
5.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
The G.R.E.A.T. program has strengthened police / community relationships.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
10. The G.R.E.A.T. program has had a positive influence on your community’s gang problem.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
11. The G.R.E.A.T. program has had a positive influence on your community’s crime problem.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
2
B. The next few questions are also about your experience with the G.R.E.A.T. program.
1.
When did you attend G.R.E.A.T. training?
2.
Why did you decide to become a G.R.E.A.T. instructor? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)
3.
I was assigned.
2.
I wanted to teach.
3.
I wanted to prevent kids from joining gangs.
4.
I wanted to get out of other duties.
5.
I saw it as an opportunity for promotion later.
6.
Other (SPECIFY) _______________________________
7.
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
G.R.E.A.T. officers have the same opportunities for overtime as other officers.
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
How is the G.R.E.A.T. assignment perceived by officers not involved in the G.R.E.A.T. program?
1. Very Unfavorably
6.
Year: 19_____
Being a G.R.E.A.T. officer improves an officer’s chances for promotion.
1. Strongly Disagree
5.
__________
1.
1. Strongly Disagree
4.
Month:
2. Unfavorably 3. Neither Unfavorably nor Favorably 4. Favorably 5. Very Favorably
In your view, how effective is each lesson at meeting G.R.E.A.T.’s goals?
1. Introduction
1. Not Effective
2. Somewhat Effective
3. Very Effective
2. Crimes, Victims, & Rights
1. Not Effective
2. Somewhat Effective
3. Very Effective
3. Cultural Sensitivity
1. Not Effective
2. Somewhat Effective
3. Very Effective
4. Conflict Resolution
1. Not Effective
2. Somewhat Effective
3. Very Effective
5. Meeting Basic Needs
1. Not Effective
2. Somewhat Effective
3. Very Effective
6. Drugs & Neighborhoods
1. Not Effective
2. Somewhat Effective
3. Very Effective
7. Responsibility
1. Not Effective
2. Somewhat Effective
3. Very Effective
8. Goal Setting
1. Not Effective
2. Somewhat Effective
3. Very Effective
Based on your experience, how would you describe the amount of material covered in each lesson?
1.
Introduction
1. Not Enough
2. Just Right
3. Too Much
2. Crimes, Victims, & Rights
1. Not Enough
2. Just Right
3. Too Much
3. Cultural Sensitivity
1. Not Enough
2. Just Right
3. Too Much
4. Conflict Resolution
1. Not Enough
2. Just Right
3. Too Much
5. Meeting Basic Needs
1. Not Enough
2. Just Right
3. Too Much
6. Drugs & Neighborhoods
1. Not Enough
2. Just Right
3. Too Much
7. Responsibility
1. Not Enough
2. Just Right
3. Too Much
8. Goal Setting
1. Not Enough
2. Just Right
3. Too Much
3
C. The following questions are about the community in which you work. Please circle the response that best
represents your community.
1.
The police are often called to schools in your community to handle delinquency problems.
1. Strongly Disagree
2.
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
Having police officers in schools has reduced delinquency and violence problems.
1. Strongly Disagree
4.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
The police are often called to schools in your community to handle gang-related violence.
1. Strongly Disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
Police officers play an important role in preventing students from becoming involved in drugs, gangs, and
delinquency.
1. Strongly Disagree
5.
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
There is a serious gang problem in your community.
1. Strongly Disagree
9.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
People feel threatened by the high rate of serious crime in your community.
1. Strongly Disagree
8.
2. Disagree
Much of the serious delinquency that occurs in your community is gang-related.
1. Strongly Disagree
7.
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
There is a high rate of serious juvenile delinquency in the community where you work.
1. Strongly Disagree
6.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
The public supports law enforcement efforts in your community.
1. Strongly Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither Agree nor Disagree 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree
10. How many gangs are there in your community?
_________________ gangs
11. How many gang members are there in your community?
_________________ members
4
D. The following questions are about your agency.
1.
In which state is your agency located?
2.
How is your agency classified?
3.
_________________________________
1.
Local / Municipal Law Enforcement Agency
2.
County Police Department
3.
County Sheriff’s Department
4.
State Law Enforcement Agency
5.
Federal Law Enforcement Agency
6.
Military Agency
7.
Other (SPECIFY) _____________________________________
How many full-time sworn officers are there in your agency?
1.
1 – 10
5.
251 – 500
2.
11 – 50
6.
501 – 1,000
3.
51- 100
7.
more than 1,000
4.
101 – 250
4.
Does your agency have a specialized gang unit?
5.
How did you become a G.R.E.A.T. instructor?
6.
1. No
2. Yes
1.
I was assigned.
2.
I requested assignment.
3.
Other (SPECIFY) _______________________________________
If you were assigned, which characteristics or skills were used in selecting you to become a G.R.E.A.T. officer?
(CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)
1.
Age
6.
Years of service
2.
Gender
7.
Division
3.
Race / Ethnicity
8.
Prior teaching experience
4.
Level of education
9.
Other (SPECIFY) ______________________
5.
Rank
5
E. The next few questions are about your agency’s involvement in the G.R.E.A.T. program.
1.
What year did your agency get involved in the G.R.E.A.T. program? 19_____
2.
Why did your agency get involved in the G.R.E.A.T. program? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)
3.
1.
As a response to an existing gang problem
2.
As a response to an anticipated future gang problem
3.
To gain monetary resources
4.
To improve police -- community relations
5.
Schools requested the program
6.
Other (SPECIFY) ______________________________________
Did your agency teach G.R.E.A.T. last academic year (1998-99)?
1. No
2. Yes
(If NO, skip to SECTION G)
4.
5.
6.
In which grade is the core G.R.E.A.T. curriculum primarily taught in your community?
1.
6th
2.
7th
3.
8th
Which elements of the G.R.E.A.T. program are used in your community? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)
1.
1st / 2nd grade curriculum
2.
3rd / 4th grade curriculum
3.
5th / 6th grade curriculum
4.
7th / 8th grade curriculum
5.
Summer Component
6.
Other (SPECIFY) _______________________________________
Under which division is the G.R.E.A.T. program located in your agency?
1.
Gang Unit
2.
Community Relations Division
3.
Patrol
4.
Other (SPECIFY) ______________________________________
6
F. For the next four questions, think about last school year (1998-99).
1.
Did you teach G.R.E.A.T. last year?
1. No
2. Yes
(If NO, skip to SECTION G)
2.
In how many different schools did you teach G.R.E.A.T.? __________ schools
3.
How many G.R.E.A.T. classes did you teach?
4.
What was the average size of your G.R.E.A.T. classroom? __________ students
5.
What percent of your average weekly work assignment was related to G.R.E.A.T. and other school-based
instruction?
_________ classes
_____ %
G. The next few questions are about your perceptions of the G.R.E.A.T. lessons and program.
1.
Generally, how often is the classroom teacher adequately involved in the G.R.E.A.T. curriculum?
1. Never
2.
2. Sometimes
3. Often
4. Always
To the best of your knowledge, how often does the classroom teacher supplement the G.R.E.A.T. curriculum
during non-G.R.E.A.T.-related class time?
1. Never
3.
4.
2. Sometimes
3. Often
4. Always
What do you like most about being a G.R.E.A.T. officer? (CIRCLE ONLY ONE RESPONSE)
1.
Working with the kids
2.
Having a positive influence on kids
3.
Getting out of other duties
4.
Building bridges with the educational community
5.
Other (SPECIFY) _______________________________________
What do you like least about being a G.R.E.A.T. officer? (CIRCLE ONLY ONE RESPONSE)
1.
The politics
2.
The way G.R.E.A.T. officers are viewed by other officers
3.
Loss of chances for overtime pay
4.
Losing touch with duties on the street
5.
Other (SPECIFY) _______________________________________
7
H. The next few questions are also about your perceptions of the G.R.E.A.T. lessons and program.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Which is your favorite G.R.E.A.T. lesson?
1.
Introduction
2.
Crimes, Victims, and Your Rights
3.
Cultural Sensitivity
4.
Conflict Resolution
5.
Meeting Basic Needs
6.
Drugs & Neighborhoods
7.
Responsibility
8.
Goal Setting
Why is this your favorite lesson?
1.
The students enjoy it.
2.
The material is easy to understand.
3.
The topic is directly relevant to our community’s problems.
4.
The topic is of personal interest.
5.
Other (SPECIFY) _______________________________________
Which is your least favorite G.R.E.A.T. lesson?
1.
Introduction
2.
Crimes, Victims, and Your Rights
3.
Cultural Sensitivity
4.
Conflict Resolution
5.
Meeting Basic Needs
6.
Drugs & Neighborhoods
7.
Responsibility
8.
Goal Setting
Why is this your least favorite lesson?
1.
There is too much information to cover.
2.
It is difficult to tie the material together.
3.
The topic is not relevant to our community.
4.
I am not familiar enough with the topic.
5.
Other (SPECIFY) _______________________________________
8
I. The final questions are about you.
1.
2.
What is your rank?
1.
School Resource / Youth Officer
4.
Lieutenant
2.
Officer / Deputy / Agent
5.
Chief
3.
Sergeant / Detective
6.
Other (SPECIFY) ______________________
What is your division?
1.
Patrol
2.
Community Relations
3.
Youth / Juvenile
4.
Investigation / Operations
5.
Other (SPECIFY) _____________________________________
3.
How long have you held your current rank?
___________ years
4.
How long have you been employed in law enforcement?
___________ years
5.
What is your gender?
6.
What is your age?
7.
What is your race / ethnicity?
8.
1. Male
2. Female
_________ years
1.
White / Anglo, not Hispanic
2.
Black / African American
3.
Hispanic / Latino
4.
American Indian / Native American
5.
Asian / Pacific Islander / Oriental
6.
Other (SPECIFY)
___________________________________
What is the highest level of education you’ve completed?
1.
Less than a high school diploma
5.
Master’s Degree
2.
High school diploma / GED
6.
Doctorate
3.
Associate’s Degree / some college
7.
Other (SPECIFY)__________________
4.
Bachelor’s Degree
9
NATIONAL EVALUATION OF G.R.E.A.T.
SCHOOL PERSONNEL QUESTIONNAIRE
1999
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Department of Criminal Justice
1100 Neihardt
Lincoln, NE 68588-0630
INSTRUCTIONS
1.
Your participation is voluntary.
2.
Circle the number or write in the response that represents your best answer to each
question.
3.
Do NOT write your name on the questionnaire.
4.
Your answers are ANONYMOUS.
5.
You have the right to skip any question that you do not want to answer.
1
This questionnaire is part of the National Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education
and Training (G.R.E.A.T.) program. Funding is provided by the U.S. Department of
Justice. Students at your school participated in this evaluation between 1995 and 1997.
Even though you may not have been working at this school between 1995 and 1997, we
would still like your opinion. We are interested in knowing how school personnel feel
about school safety issues, school-based prevention programs in general, and the
G.R.E.A.T. program in particular. Please take a few minutes to answer these questions.
Thank you.
This first section concerns issues facing some schools and students today. To what extent, if any, are
these problems facing your school?
1.
Truancy
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
2.
Academic performance
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
3.
Crowding
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
4.
Classroom size
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
5.
Meeting state educational
standards
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
6.
Personnel safety
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
7.
Bullying
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
8.
Tobacco use
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
9.
Alcohol use
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
10.
Other drug use
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
11.
Delinquency
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
12.
Violence
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
13.
Gangs
1. Not a problem
2. Somewhat of a problem
3. A big problem
2
This next section is about school-based prevention programs. Please indicate how much you agree or
disagree with each of the following statements by circling the response that best represents your
opinion.
1.
Prevention programs taught in schools can be very effective in deterring students from becoming
involved in with drugs, delinquency, and gangs.
1. Strongly disagree
2.
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
Teachers in your school participate in the teaching of prevention programs.
1. Strongly disagree
9.
4. Agree
It is NOT the school’s responsibility to be involved in prevention programming.
1. Strongly disagree
8.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
Prevention programs are disruptive to the teaching of the required school curriculum.
1. Strongly disagree
7.
2. Disagree
Teachers should incorporate prevention program lessons into their own curricula.
1. Strongly disagree
6.
5. Strongly agree
I would like to see more prevention programs taught in school.
1. Strongly disagree
5.
4. Agree
Part of a school’s responsibility is to prevent children from becoming involved with drugs,
delinquency, and gangs.
1. Strongly disagree
4.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
Schools should focus on teaching the basics, like reading, writing, and arithmetic.
1. Strongly disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
The lessons taught in prevention programs are reinforced in your schools’ regular curriculum.
1. Strongly disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
3
The following section concerns the role of police officers in schools. Please indicate how much you
agree or disagree with each statement by circling the response that best represents your opinion.
1.
The school environment is safer with police officers in schools.
1. Strongly disagree
2.
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
Uniformed police officers do NOT belong in the classroom.
1. Strongly disagree
9.
4. Agree
Uniformed police officers make good instructors in schools.
1. Strongly disagree
8.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
I support having police officers in schools.
1. Strongly disagree
7.
2. Disagree
Having police officers in your school has reduced delinquency and violence problems.
1. Strongly disagree
6.
5. Strongly agree
Students’ perceptions of police officers are improved by having officers in schools.
1. Strongly disagree
5.
4. Agree
The police are often called to your school to handle gang-related violence.
1. Strongly disagree
4.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
The police are often called to your school to handle delinquency problems.
1. Strongly disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
Police officers play an important role in preventing students from becoming involved in drugs,
gangs, and delinquency.
1. Strongly disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
4
The following statements concern the environment in and around which you work. Please circle the
response that best represents your opinion.
1.
There is a lot of gang activity at your school.
1. Strongly disagree
2.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
Much of the serious crime that occurs in the neighborhood around your school is gang-related.
1. Strongly disagree
11.
2. Disagree
There is a high rate of serious juvenile delinquency in the neighborhood around your school.
1. Strongly disagree
10.
5. Strongly agree
There is a lot of racial conflict in the neighborhood around your school.
1. Strongly disagree
9.
4. Agree
Most of the disciplinary problems at your school are gang-related.
1. Strongly disagree
8.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
You feel safe at your school.
1. Strongly disagree
7.
2. Disagree
Students get along well with school personnel at your school.
1. Strongly disagree
6.
5. Strongly agree
There is a lot of racial conflict between students at your school.
1. Strongly disagree
5.
4. Agree
There are a lot of fights between different groups of students at your school.
1. Strongly disagree
4.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
Students get along well with each other at your school.
1. Strongly disagree
3.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
You feel safe in the neighborhood around your school.
1. Strongly disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
5
The following are common components of school-based prevention programs. Please circle the
response that best indicates your opinion of their importance in helping youths avoid drugs,
delinquency, and gangs.
1.
Increasing social competency skills
such as communication, problemsolving, and stress management
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
2.
Increasing empathy for victims
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
3.
Encouraging positive relationships
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
4.
Altering perceptions about the
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
benefits of gang membership
5.
Increasing social responsibility
The following are common types of information provided to students in prevention programs. Please
circle the response that best indicates your opinion of how important each aspect is in helping youths
avoid drugs, delinquency, and gangs.
1.
Cultural awareness
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
2.
Victims’ rights
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
3.
Laws and punishments
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
4.
Dangers of drugs & gangs
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
5.
Conflict resolution
1. Not important
2. Somewhat important
3. Very important
The following are common methods of delivery for prevention programs. Please circle the response
that best indicates your opinion of their effectiveness in conveying the materials.
1.
Lecture
1. Not effective
2. Somewhat effective
3. Very effective
2.
Class discussion
1. Not effective
2. Somewhat effective
3. Very effective
3.
Role playing
1. Not effective
2. Somewhat effective
3. Very effective
4.
Small group activities
1. Not effective
2. Somewhat effective
3. Very effective
5.
Written homework
1. Not effective
2. Somewhat effective
3. Very effective
6
The following questions and statements are about the G.R.E.A.T. program. Please circle the response
that best represents your opinion about each question or statement.
1.
Are you familiar with the Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.) program?
1. No (IF NO, SKIP TO PAGE 7, QUESTION 1)
2. Yes
2.
Has G.R.E.A.T. ever been taught in your classroom?
1. No (IF NO, SKIP TO QUESTION 5)
2. Yes
3.
The length of the G.R.E.A.T curriculum (i.e., one hour a week for 9 weeks) provides enough
time to cover the important, relevant topics.
1. Strongly disagree
4.
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
The G.R.E.A.T. program plays a significant role in reducing youth gang participation in your
school.
1. Strongly disagree
12.
5. Strongly agree
The G.R.E.A.T. program addresses problems facing students at your school.
1. Strongly disagree
11.
4. Agree
The G.R.E.A.T. program has had a positive effect on students’ perceptions of the police.
1. Strongly disagree
10.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
The G.R.E.A.T. program teaches students the skills needed to avoid gangs and violence.
1. Strongly disagree
9.
2. Disagree
The educational materials used by G.R.E.A.T. officers are appealing to students.
1. Strongly disagree
8.
5. Strongly agree
The G.R.E.A.T. curriculum is appropriate for the students’ age and comprehension levels.
1. Strongly disagree
7.
4. Agree
I support, or would support, the use of the G.R.E.A.T. program in my school.
1. Strongly disagree
6.
3. Neither agree nor disagree
Officers teaching the G.R.E.A.T. program have enough time during the class period to
sufficiently cover the educational materials for each lesson.
1. Strongly disagree
5.
2. Disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
The G.R.E.A.T. program plays a significant role in reducing youth participation in gangs in your
community.
1. Strongly disagree
2. Disagree
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Agree
5. Strongly agree
7
These next and final few questions are about you and your job. Please circle or write in your best
answer to each question.
1.
Your school’s name: ___________________________
2.
What is your primary job assignment?
1. Administrator 3. Counselor
2. Teacher
4. Other: __________________
The next three questions are for teachers. If your primary job assignment is not teacher, please skip
to Question 6.
3.
What grade-level do you primarily teach?
1. 6th
2. 7th
4.
What subject do you primarily teach?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
5.
Your average class size: __________ students
6.
Your total years working at this school: ______ years
7.
Your total years in the field of education: ______ years
8.
Your gender:
1. Male
9.
Your race/ethnicity:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
3. 8th
4. 9th
Health/Physical Education
Language Arts
Math/Computer Science
Natural Sciences
Social Sciences
Other: ______________________
2. Female
White/Anglo, not Hispanic
Black/African American
Hispanic/Latino
American Indian/Native American
Asian/Pacific Islander/Oriental
Other (SPECIFY) ___________________________________
Thank you very much for answering these questions. We really appreciate your help.
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