OXIDIZERS/ORGANIC PEROXIDES
the CHEMISTRY
DOT CLASS 5
DOT Hazard Class 5
Division 5.1
OXIDIZERS/ORGANIC PEROXIDES
By yielding oxygen MAY cause or enhance
combustion of other materials
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Oxygen-Most common оf the oxidizers
Oxygen is cryogenic liquid
Oxygen Does not burn
Very Dangerous-Explosive with organics
Oxygen enriched environments can be deadly if there is heat or fire
Not easily detected without instruments
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What makes them oxidizers?
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Species that transfers electronegative
atoms, usually oxygen
Combustion, many explosives and
organic redox reactions involve
atom transfer
A way to remember:
Redox-reduction-oxidation
Loss of Electrons=Oxidation (LEO
roars GER) Gain of Electrons=
Reduction
Includes:
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Elements-02, F, Br – (All placarded poisons)
F is most powerful oxidizing agent known
Liquid F can cause concrete to burn - shipped
as Division 2.3
Cl-shipped as Division 2.3 - liquid
Bromine-Dark, reddish-brown liquid
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Combinations of metals and covalently
bonded non-metal oxyradicals
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l Prefixes “per” & “hypo”
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MATERIALS WITH OXYGEN-in base state
end in “ate”
As in Chlorate, Bromate, Nitrate,
Manganate
(C103, Br03, N03, Mn03)
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MATERIALS WITH OXYGEN above base state
ends in –”ate”- takes on prefix “per”
Perchlorate, Permanganate
(Cl04, Mn04)
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MATERIALS WITH OXYGEN one less than
base state ends in “ite”
(Chlorite, Nitrite - Cl02, N02)
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When number of oxygen's in base state two
less than normal ends in “ite” and picks up
suffix “hypo”
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Hypochlorite (ClO)
Oxygen State
Prefix
Suffix
Normal
+1
---
“ate”
-1
----
“ite”
-2
“hypo”
“ite”
These are ALL Dangerous Materials
“per”
“ate”
These are ALL Dangerous Materials
OXYGEN STATE
PREFIX
SUFFIX
Normal
-------
“ate”
+1
“Per”
“ate”
-1
------
“ite”
-2
“Hypo”
“ite”
How do you protect
yourself?
Very Careful Thought!
Always always consider multiple
hazards!
Multiple Hazards, Poisons, Corrosive
and Oxidizers
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Strong oxidizers
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Shock sensitive
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Exothermic
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Nitric - Above 40%-HNO3
Chromic - Acid HCr03
Perchloric - HCl04
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R-00-R
Assigned to seven generic types classified
by extent to which they will detonate or
deflagrate
Hydrocarbon derivatives
Major hazard is explosion
Can start decomposing when
contaminated, heated, shocked
Important Property
SADT
Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temperature
How do responders protect
themselves when a peroxide
reaches
SADT ?
DO NOT ALLOW
PEROXIDES TO
REACH
SADT
and if they do….
 DON THE PROPER PPE

And then:
 RUN LIKE HELL!!!!!
IN FIRE SITUATIONS
 Unstable
 Flammable
 Highly Reactive
 May Explode
 Corrosive
 Toxic
 Oxidizers
When reach SADT treat as Class 1 Explosive
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COMMON PEROXIDES
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MEK peroxide
Di-Tertiary butyl peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide
Benzoyl peroxide
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