Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Chapter 3—pgs. 88-94
1. During photosynthesis plants convert carbon dioxide and water into
sugar and oxygen.
2. There are two stages of photosynthesis: 1) capturing the sun’s energy
and 2) using energy to make food.
3. pigments—colored chemical compounds that absorb light
4. chlorophyll—main photosynthetic pigment in chloroplasts
5. Two raw materials needed for photosynthesis = carbon dioxide and
water
6. stomata—small opening on the underside of leaves through which
carbon dioxide can enter the plant and oxygen can exit the plant
7. Two products of photosynthesis = sugar and oxygen
8. photosynthesis equation --6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
9. Light energy is necessary for the chemical reactions of photosynthesis
to occur.
10. 3 things happen to the sugar created by plants:
1) plants use the sugar for energy
2) plants convert the sugar to cellulose (cell wall made of cellulose)
3) plants store the sugar for later use
11. cellular respiration—process by which cells obtain energy from
glucose (sugar)
12. During respiration, cells break down simple food molecules such as
sugar and release the energy they contain.
13. Two stages of respiration---Stage one occurs in the cytoplasm. Stage
two occurs in the mitochondria.
14. Energy is released in both stages; however, the most energy is
produced in stage two inside the mitochondria.
15. Two raw materials needed for respiration = sugar and oxygen
16. Two products of respiration = carbon dioxide and water.
17. respiration equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
18.Respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis. During photosynthesis,
plants take carbon dioxide and water to produce sugar and oxygen.
During respiration, cells take sugar and oxygen and break it down to
create carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
19.These two processes (respiration and photosynthesis) help to keep the
levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide fairly constant in Earth’s
atmosphere.