18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Bart M.C. Grutters, Elisabeth S. Bakker
Linking Native and Exotic Aquatic Plant
Palatability to Herbivores with Shared or
Unshared Home Ranges
A Trait-Based Approach
© Snailbusters
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Introduction: herbivory
Herbivory and invasions
ƒNumerous plant invasions
ƒDifferent filters acting (geographic, physicochemical)
ƒBiological filter: herbivores
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Introduction: plant-herbivore hypotheses (palatability)
Consumption rate
Enemy release hypothesis
Adapted Fig 3b. in Xiong et al. 2008 Freshw Biol
Biotic resistance
“Native herbivores prefer non-native plants”
Parker & Hay 2005 Ecol Lett
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Introduction: welcome to my world
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Introduction: other frameworks / complicating factors
Who is naïve?
ƒPhylogenetic distance (e.g. Myriophyllum)
ƒNative range
Verhoeven et al. 2009 Ecol Lett
Nelis 2012 Oecologia
Gradients
ƒLatitudinal gradient, or not
e.g. see Moles et al. 2011 Functional Ecology
Invasive/dominant species
ƒReduced palatability?
e.g. see Bottollier-Curtet et al. 2013 Journal of Vegetation Science
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Method in general
Method
ƒNo-choice feeding trials (generalists Lymnaea stagnalis & Pomacea canaliculata)
ƒ41 aquatic plants (21 native to the Netherlands)
ƒPlant traits (classification and measured ones like N, P etc.)
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Results: snail consumption (mg /g /d) and plant origin
Results (1 of 4) (consumption of lettuce is equal)
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Results: snail consumption (mg /g /d) and plant clade
Results (2 of 4)
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Results: snail consumption (mg /g /d) and latitudinal gradient
Results (3 of 4)
temperate
subtropical
tropical
temperate
subtropical
tropical
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Results: snail consumption (mg /g /d) and invasiveness
Results (4 of 4)
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Introduction:
To improve our understanding of herbivory and invasions
ƒPatterns to mechanisms
ƒUtilise ecological theory
ƒIncorporate trait-based approach
>> Drivers of palatability
ƒNitrogen / protein
ƒC:N ratio
ƒDry matter content
Elger & Lemoine 2005; Wong et al. 2010
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Future
Ecosystem functions of native and exotic aquatic plants
ƒ Increase water clarity
ƒ Provide oxygen
ƒ Provide habitat
ƒ Provide food
18th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
24th of April 2013
Thanks for your attention!
And to Yvonne Roijendijk, Miquel Prado,
Dennis Waasdorp, Suzanne Wiezer, Nico
Helmsing and Amit Bhikharie for their
assistance
Any questions?
References
Elger, A. & Lemoine, D. (2005). Determinants of macrophyte palatability to the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Freshw. Biol., 50, 86–95.
Moles, A.T., Bonser, S.P., Poore, A.G.B., Wallis, I.R. & Foley, W.J. (2011). Assessing the evidence for latitudinal gradients in plant defence and herbivory. Funct.
Ecol., 25, 380–388.
Nelis, L.C. (2012). Grouping plant species by shared native range, and not by native status, predicts response to an exotic herbivore. Oecologia, 169, 1075–
1081.
Parker, J.D., Burkepile, D.E. & Hay, M.E. (2006). Opposing effects of native and exotic herbivores on plant invasions. Science, 311, 1459.
Parker, J.D. & Hay, M.E. (2005). Biotic resistance to plant invasions? Native herbivores prefer non-native plants. Ecol. Lett., 8, 959–967.
Verhoeven, K.J.F., Biere, A., Harvey, J.A. & Van Der Putten, W.H. (2009). Plant invaders and their novel natural enemies: who is naïve? Ecol. Lett., 12, 107–117.
Wong, P.K., Liang, Y., Liu, N.Y. & Qiu, J.-W. (2010). Palatability of macrophytes to the invasive freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata: differential effects of
multiple plant traits. Freshw. Biol., 55, 2023–2031.
Xiong, W., Yu, D., Wang, Q., Liu, C.H. & Wang, L.G. (2008). A snail prefers native over exotic freshwater plants: implications for the enemy release hypotheses.
Freshw. Biol., 53, 2256–2263.