S T U D Y G U I D E JOINT UNILATERAL CRISIS - G15 Crisis Committees M O N U A 2 0 1 7 #thechallengetosucceed CONTENTS 1. WELCOME LETTERS a. Letter from the Secretary General b. Letter from the Under-Secretary General c. Letter from the Chair d. Letter from the Strategy Center 2. INTRODUCTION 3. PROCEDURE 4. HISTORIC CONTEXT 2016-2025 4.1 The second space race 4.2 World’s Political Instability 2025-2040 4.3 The end of peace 4.4 The great technologic revolution 4.5 The arrival to Mars 4.6 An environmental crisis that did not cease 2040-2055 4.7 The end of a war, the start of an era. 4.8 A fragile stability of the international system 4.9 Securocracy 2055-2069 4.10 The new technological threats 4.11 A new world order 2070: WELCOMING A NEW YEAR 5. GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT a. World map b. Countries 6. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 7. GUIDING QUESTIONS 8. ANNEXES a. Data b. Heads of State and Public Domain information of the participant countries. WELCOME LETTERS Dear delegates, S E C R E T A R Y- G E N E R A L’ S L E T T E R Dear delegates, If today you find yourselves reading this academic guide with the aim of preparing for this MUN and accomplishing this challenge with us, then you will have started to be part of this dream, the dream of MONUA 2017. Beyond the years, MONUA has been one of the most attracting MUN conferences, due to its reflecting dynamic of international reality with interconnected committees, where the delegates’ actions have effect over other committees, and overall the model that we have prepared. In this version of MONUA 2017, we decided to go one step forward. We already took the leap for excellence in MONUA 2016 but, in this occasion, you are going to be challenged beyond anything you’ve imagined. My name is Sylvia Sus Abrajim, and for the 6th version of Universidad de Los Andes Model of the Organization of United Nations, I am the Secretary General. Since I took over, I dreamed with committees and unique experiences, which would take delegates, (besides than competing with others in this competition and aim to be the best) to get passionate for their actions in their committees. That is why I love crisis committees, innovative subjects and extraordinary experiences. Precisely, in MONUA 2017 we are full of that. My dream is for you to enjoy it in the best way the conference’s four days, and that you finish with a smile in your faces for what you lived for in those days. To accomplish that, we have developed this academic guide, which will be your roadmap in the committee. Please remember this is the previous work done by your chair, in coordination with your Under-Secretary General, for you to take as an input for your investigation. We expect that, as we strived to offer you high quality academic material, you will prepare in the best way for this experience. I welcome you to MONUA 2017, wishing you the best. Remember: we will be always available for anything you need. Sincerely, S Y LV I A S U S A B R A J I M S E C R E T A R Y- G E N E R A L MONUA 2017 [email protected] 04 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 WELCOME LETTERS L E T T E R B Y T H E U N D E R - S E C R E T A R Y- G E N E R A L Honorable delegates, It is an honor to welcome you to this version of MONUA. I´m very glad to help build this wonderful project, along with some amazing people. We have done an incredible effort to give you a complete new perspective of the MONUA experience. Designing this committee was anything but easy. History, roles, game-changers; everything was designed and planned carefully in order to assure you the most realistic, serious and rigorous experience in any futuristic cabinet. When I had the idea to build a different kind of committee, many people refused to the idea, saying it was very hard to design; its complexity was not only centered in the fact that we had to make history, literally, but in the fact there are no actual limits for a committee of this kind. In fact, they were right. Imagination was a great ally in this process. Hours of meetings and discussions trying to bring to reality something that has not happened, and that maybe won't happen, is a really difficult job. Nevertheless, this job was accomplished with excellence by all of us. We have developed interesting challenges that will encourage delegates to give as many as they can, in order to accomplish their goals. I have to say it: I am very proud of my team. We have not only worked hard for this moment, but we have also done impossible things to guarantee a complete experience. Each detail has been carefully taken into consideration by Daniela, John, Juan Nicolás, Laura, Luis, Pedro and Ricardo and I am very proud of them and of what they have done. Without anything else to add, I want you to remember, dear delegate that your mission, if you decide to accept it, is to plan an intelligent and efficient way to save the humanity from extinction, either from war or by an unsustainable way of living in an overpopulated planet. SERGIO ALEJANDRO MENDOZA CARRILLO U N D E R - S E C R E T A R Y- G E N E R A L F O R C R I S I S C O M M I T T E E S [email protected] 05 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 WELCOME LETTERS LETTER FROM THE CHAIR Honorable leaders, Be very much welcomed to the meeting of Heads of State at the Summit of the G-15. It is a pleasure for us as moderators to have you all gathered here regarding this complex and determinant situation for the future of our planet. It is important to highlight the work and preparation required from you as leaders that own the capacity to decide about what must be done by the community towards the constant threat created by the lack of resources and that are needed for the efficient subsistence of the planet. Moreover, it is not only relevant to bring up the aforementioned but also to bring up the chaotic context in which we are living, a world full of conflicts between world powers, both historical and emerging; a growing number of disputed territories; and an overwhelming growth of power of consolidated caliphates. Furthermore, although in past years technological advances have allowed the extractive capacity to expand, the shortage of resources inside of our planet Earth is a latent threat. This has lead us to take other paths, as it is having established a base on the Moon and importing resources from Mars. Nevertheless, the above has brought great inconveniences, from the monopolization of importing resource industries, to the involvement of hacker groups in a process of weakening several state forces. With all these said, as moderators, we want to request from all leaders participating in this meeting, your greatest willingness, creativity, and desire to make the future of the world something that just not only rely on our hands, but something that is and will continue to be safeguarded by the proper actions of all people present in this meeting. Sara Alaoui from the Kingdom of Great Morocco Laura Villarreal Aparicio [email protected] Estudiante de Ciencia Política Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Noah Mc Gonnigan from State of New Zealand Juan Nicolás Galvis [email protected] Estudiante de Administración e Ingeniería de Sistemas Universidad de los Andes 06 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 WELCOME LETTERS L E T T E R F R O M T H E S T R AT E G Y R O O M Mister Mandatary, From the Strategy Room of the Joint Unilateral Cabinet, we want to give you a warm welcome to this meeting of Heads of State at the Summit of the G-15 that will take place from tomorrow on at Bogotá. This meeting has as main objective the search for urgent, creative, and immediate solutions due to the high scarcity of natural, fossil and water-like resources that has the planet today due to the paramount level of exploitation of such. As your Strategy Room, it is our desire that, in this experience, you expand your horizons and let glow the visions you might have about the world’s reality. Looking forward allows anyone to think over our own actual realities. Our countries and planet require us to be aware, as a community, of the fact that we are going to inherit the planet to the future generations. In joint work with the Chair, we will work hard for you to have all tools needed to live this experience. Nonetheless, the correct exploitation of such tools will mostly depend on your own preparation and creativity. Without further ado, welcome to JUC of MONUA 2017 and let yourselves be surprised. Cordially, John Fabian Carabali Zornosa Director of the Strategy Room. [email protected] Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Politógolo Ricardo Simoni - Luis Torres - Pedro Bergh Strategy Room Staff 07 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 INTRODUCTION This year, we are delighted to present you a Joint Unilateral Cabinet which is going to be held as a meeting of Heads of State at the Summit of the G-15. The committee will be settled in the future, more exactly 2070, and every delegate will represent a Head of State of any delegation pertinent to the topic, bearing in mind the possible changes to the international community. Specifically, the topic chosen for this committee will be the crisis due to the shortage of resources, not only natural ones but any resource needed to sustain the life of thousands of people. Delegates must take into consideration that this G-15 meeting has an Open Agenda due to the connection that the shortage of resources has with any global issue. Additionally, delegates must be capable of encountering any difficult situation that can happen; such as failed missions held by Space Agencies of several countries to the Moon and Mars with the purpose of importing water to planet Earth. Delegates are supposed to defend their represented position not only throughout debates in the committee, but through their abilities and expertise in working below the table. Moreover, it is important to highlight the fact that this is a crisis cabinet. This means that the division of roles is as follows: there will be a strategic room in charge of answering the delegates’ requests and there will be a cabinet functioning as the G-15 Summit, in which delegates will be representing the assigned roles. Finally, delegates, be ready for a magnificent experience. One full of disasters and obstacles to reach a possible solution for the chaos in which the world is living right now. Remember you have all the possibilities you want in order to achieve your country’s and personal goals, and feel free to ask for help to the Chair or the Strategy Room, as well to the Senior Staff of MONUA 2017. PROCEDURE The procedure of the Joint Unilateral Cabinet will be as established on MONUA 2017 Handbook, except for the specificities that follow: 1. The committee will function as a Summit or Extraordinary meeting of Prime Ministers, Presidents or plenipotentiary representatives. The emphasis of the committee will be essentially relied upon politics and international security. Delegates will count with detailed information about the current (2070) world situation and about the country they represent. The Strategy Room will develop 08 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 historic material with the finality of guiding the investigation and preparation process of the delegates. Similarly, the Strategy Room is in total capability of leaking information of interest - publicly or secretly -. The representative of each country must value the utility, veracity, and forcefulness of such information and, in accordance with his/her reasoning, will act upon the situation’s merits. 2. The motions that would be taken into consideration will be only the following: a. Motion to open/close session. b. Motion to suspend/renew session. c. Motion to open an informal debate (by placards). d. Motion to start a lobby time. e. Motion to introduce a communiqué, press release or a directive [1]. f. Motion to start a speaker’s list. g. Motion to extend debate time. 3. Any motion will be accepted during an informal debate. If it is rejected, the informal debate must continue. If time established for any motion has elapsed (in the case it has been established), the chair will recommend any motion to be evaluated by the committee. 4. The presidents of the committee are immovable, irreplaceable, and, for practical purposes, immortals. Any attempt of homicide, coup d’état, or any outrage will not be considered by the Strategy Room. 5. Directives, communications, and in general, any type of action will follow these next parameters1: a. DIRECTIVES: Are the tool utilized to give instructions about decisions taken to solve a crisis. They could be made publicly or privately, individually or by groups. Its presentation is informal due to the fact that they do not require any protocol. They must follow an execution order considering that the steps taken are presented in “bullet points” and it is of vital importance that directives are very specific and precise for them to be correctly understood and considered done (form, exact place, resources - from where and how much -, means, time, etc.). Specifications and details developed by Maria Fernanda Rocha, chair of the Economic Crisis Cabinet in MONUA 2017. 2 http://www.eltiempo.com/estilo-de-vida/ciencia/la-humanidad-ya-se-gasto-los-recursos-naturales1 09 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Structure: Title Specific orders (bullet points) What is expected to happen with such bulleted list/possible results Signatures. By groups: These are developed by the committee as a whole and respond as a solution to a crisis following the committee’s interests. - Individual: Developed by a delegate personally following its character’s own interests and its own motivations. These directives can go in favor or against the committee’s general interests. Regarding this, the delegate must choose if such will be a covert directive or a public one. - Covert: Confidential actions due to the risk they represent towards the reputation and sympathy of the delegate inside of the cabinet. For the usage of these type of directives, it is not only sufficient to write that it is covert but to specify how the information specified on it would be covered. Therefore, it is vital to know previously to committee work the means and/or instruments that permit the infiltration of such directives. In any case that a directive does not comply with the aforementioned, it can come to be publicly exposed to the committee. - Public: Actions that do not require any confidential character since they go with the guidelines and interests of the committee or are being used as a distraction to cover up some covert actions. b. COMUNIQUÉS: Are the instruments utilized to reach entities, organizations, countries (Prime Minister, President, etc.), and/or individuals (contacts) to involve them in the crisis - for personal interests-, maintain them informed, ask for favors or incentive them to take actions that cannot be done inside of the committee due to the fact that such actions are not under direct control of the character. These are written as a formal correspondence and could be done collectively or personally - generally are favors to contacts -. Depending on the acceptance these receive, they could become part of a collective or personal (but public) directive. Structure: 10 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Heading: Communiqué Sender: His or her position + complete name Message In case of being a favor: what is going to be given in exchange Signature(s) c. PRESS RELEASES: Informative resource used to make public the position of a delegate or delegation in regard of the crisis. Is used as a strategic paper, whose information is not completely true, and in that way, help achieve personal goals and help the resolution of the crisis. It has to specify where it comes from (source). HISTORICAL CONTEXT 2016-2025 This period of time passed by with the world’s economic order suffering a huge instability that threatened international peace and security. Without a doubt, the basis of this was the effect that climate change has had in humanity. Every year that passed, planet Earth became more and more unsustainable and weather conditions were going more extreme, year by year. Because of these, the International Nature Fund (INF), year by year carried out sustainability studies that affirmed that total consumption of world’s resources was exceeding the capacity of the planet to regenerate those renewable resources in a normal period of time. In 2016, 1, 6 planets were needed for the maintenance of mankind2; for 2025, the ominous amount of 2, 4 planets was reached for this same purpose. The sustainability calendar, which marks the day in which humanity has consumed all resources generated for only one year, marked the 2nd of May. The global concern was imminent and the forecasts stipulated that, for 2070, the calendar3 would mark the 31st of January. http://www.eltiempo.com/estilo-de-vida/ciencia/la-humanidad-ya-se-gasto-los-recursos-naturalesdel-2016/16664258 3 We are talking about the sustainability calendar. The idea behind it, is simple. We take the maximum quantity of resources that we can “replace” in a year. Then we estimate the resources we 2 11 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 The fundamental cause found to the phenomenon was the massive destruction of crops all around the world due to extreme weather conditions. The agricultural frontier was reduced enough to see a steady increase, with the passage of the years, of people dying from famines in the whole world. The World Food Program (WFP) reported, in 2016, that the amount of people who suffered from malnutrition was approximately 800 thousand people4. For 2025, that number increased up to 3 million people. By then, the problem started to reach big cities. The shortage, the high prices and the scarce variety of products in supermarkets were phenomena that reproduced in every single country’s economy. Desperate measures were taken to cope with this growing harm. There were several developing countries, especially in Africa and Latin America, which inclusively nationalized the production of the basic food basket. Some of this countries are Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia, and Democratic Republic of Congo. Also, maximum prices were imposed asides from a lot much more regulations to prevent the inevitable; shortage was even clearer than ever. During the meeting of the General Assembly of the United Nations in September 2024, several Presidents, Prime Ministers, and Directors of International Agencies, as FAO’s Director, affirmed that the measurements of population growth and sustainability showed erroneous data. Apparently, for the first time in decades, there was no significant population growth. In fact, the number was averagely near zero. In this sense, many countries registered negative growth rates, which meant that there were more deaths than births reported; this meant an immediate reduction of world’s population. Mainly, the most affected countries were the ones mostly affected by climate change but, as no one was safe from this, every single country started programs for the development of alternatives in charge of the sustainability of its population. Slowly but steadily, countries needed to step aside the époque in which a bridge or a wall of various kilometers separated two totally different realities. Governments realized that the problem, that until that point just started, was everyone’s business and, with this in mind, international cooperation was of vital importance to center efforts regarding the search for feasible solutions. And, it was on this point, when governments started to question the role and efficiency of international organizations towards the prevention of climate change. effectively used in a year. Finally, assuming we consume each day of the year the same quantity of resources, we estimate in which date we finished consuming our maximum permitted for our sustainability. From that day on, we say planet Earth has a debt with itself. 4 (World Food Program, 2016) 12 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 4.1 The second space race When the Cold War was transferred to the space, humanity dreamt that one day, as a Jules Verne’s novel5, people could inhabit our natural satellite, the moon. Nevertheless, the human colony that was projected was conceived with longings of greatness. It was thought that the social and technological development of mankind would allow, in less than a century, to inhabit the moon. Reality was way different. Faced with the urgent need to seek alternatives for the survival of our species, fearless citizens from all over the world enlisted in nearly suicidal missions. In a launching sequence never seen before of manned missions to the Moon, the NASA, in conjoint efforts with the European Space Agency, sent 42 people in 7 different missions between August and December of 2020. Only five control modules reached their destiny with 35 people on board. Sadly, in its last mission, “Adventure” rocket had a very similar destiny as the one of Challenger space shuttle: after a perfect takeoff, the dreams of seven citizens of the world, its families and everyone, were burned with a fatal explosion. However, its brother rocket, Conquester, coupled with the International Space Station that, since that moment, assumed the mission’s control. The last control module arrived at the Moon the 30th of August, 2023. Such, was a serious bet. If it did not work, it would have been a political disaster for the United Nations, which called on the International Community to "risk everything, in search of a better tomorrow"; as well as an economic disaster for the countries that financed this project. The brave 35 did not have any easy work to do. In their mission, they found the way of extracting water from glaciers and needed to find a way of cultivating in controlled environments, projecting a long-term survival. The principal objective was to put into practice the Terraforming; process of massively replicating Earth conditions in different places of the Moon. Aside from this, experiments started with the purpose to analyze how a mission to Mars would be possible. Luckily for the astronauts, and with help of an excellent team in Houston and Darmstadt, the objectives of the mission were accomplished before the compliance of the first year of mission. This is why, from Earth, few food shipments arrived and more and more vehicles and instruments were brought into the Moon to carry out more simulations and analyze the viability of a stable and lasting commune. Here is when one could say that the space race was going against time; even against each one of us. Cinematographic recreation of A Trip to the Moon written by Jules Verne, and directed by Georges Méliès, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNLZntSdyKE 5 13 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 4.2 World’s Political Instability Countries all around the world, in the presence of the increasing famines, started to unify first due to humanitarian aids, then as commonwealths and finally, consolidating bigger States between neighboring countries, especially in Africa and America. People, taking care of their identity constructed as being part of a nation, were refusing to share with the ones that were now their new neighbors. National identities were slowly collapsing and new and stronger bonds were formed. Less but bigger countries, helped unify transnational policies of cooperation and aid between States. United Nations headquarters in New York were transformed to a real political enclosure. The biggest and toughest debates of mankind took place there with the purpose of searching for alternatives to crisis, increasingly taken to the extreme, to deal with the new situations presented in the “new States”. Situations that resulted from the unifying decade that the international system lived. As extreme climatic phenomena progressed, there were more and more places unsuitable for life. This was the case of the northwestern region of Africa (formerly known as "subSaharan Africa"). High temperatures, alongside the damages caused by major sandstorms (worsened by an alteration of warm tropical winds) made human life impossible. The forming of the world's current map was a gradual process, initiated in the decade of the 2020s; which underwent a series of modifications throughout the century, slowly, up to the present date. Scientific discoveries, each time more bizarre, came alongside increasingly dangerous situations for both, social life and general life as we know it. With the passing of years, the situation was nonetheless far from improving. 2025– 2040 4.3 The end of peace Eighty years after the throwing of nuclear bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, ordered by Harry Truman, and the ending of thousands of people, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea detonated, on March 11 2026, the fist North Korean Hbomb. This left 15 million dead people ipso facto. This action called upon the breaking of the armistice and war once again started in the Korean peninsula. After the chaotic action was done, the rivalries between the United States, Russia, and Japan were reactivated. These countries started to take territories of border 14 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 countries as theirs, generating a growth in their military, economic, and political power. The most significant conflict, and the one that broke this century’s history into two was the White War. It started in January 29 of 2031 when Russia did not endure the threat that the United States of America was generating and decided to invade Alaska in one of the most complicated winters of present history. With this, American fury was evoked and reacted by sending troops to its west coast, invading, at the same time, Canadian territory. Russia continued with its military offensive moving the war’s front more to the south, also reaching Canadian territory. The conflict that once started being a dispute between USA’s Alaska and Russia, extended its frontiers up to Canada, fragmenting it and leaving it shattered in its crossing. Canada did not receive any help from the international community. It is pertinent to stress that its strategic ally, the United Kingdom, could not provide it with assistance, because it was currently undergoing a severe economic recession. Whilst the two nuclear superpowers were at war, the commonly known group DAESH obtained the necessary strength to create a State of its own: the Islamic State Caliphate. This project sought to incorporate a series of Middle Eastern and Northern African nations. Thus, with its territory rich in petroleum and in minerals, DAESH became a major actor within the ongoing crises. 4.4 The great technologic revolution After a countless number of investigations about artificial intelligence, the management of big data and security of information, the 13th of April of 2026, an alliance between Airbus, Google and IBM, was able to develop a highly accurate algorithm of data encryption, which encouraged the trust and investment of big States and large private-sector investors in order to promote new technologies that could boost their economic development. Due to this important technologic impulse and the high level of confidence, the engineering firms were able to make incredible discoveries in programing of behaviors that led to the creation of autonomous programmable machines; which started to adapt to society until the point that, in 2037, RHM (Robot-Human Machines) introduced at CES 2037 (Consumers´ Electronic Show) a machine that managed to perform all human activities and their physical differences with any man were almost imperceptible. The most impressive fact of this presentation happened at the end, when the humanoid introduced himself as the CEO of RHM, demonstrating that the lecturer 15 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 of such important presentation was the first robot that would be for sale in 2038. With this, it finished revolutionizing everything that science had achieved so far. After several launchings as the one done with the humanoid, in which the world did not stop to be amazed about the presence of such technological advances, something unexpected happened and reduced the inversion in this industry. Paradoxically, the world's most secure data-encryption algorithm, created in 2026, had been stolen. It had been operating for more than 13 years for both: ordinary citizens and States, which were useful for planning State’s attacks in a safe way during the war. Although in 2039 it was unknown who had stolen this important discovery that left in check the most powerful public and private entities in the world, years later was released, by all social media, that the group advocate of computer freedom, FreeHack, was the perpetrator of the attack due to their tiredness of feeling that their rights were being violated. After the thievery of such important algorithm, in 2040, the international community, with a political separation totally different compared to the unification of the past decade, decided to unify again towards the execution of FreeHack and prevention of future possible leaking threats. 4.5 The arrival to Mars Since the beginning of space programs in the 20th century, one of the biggest obsessions of mankind is to arrive to other planets and inhabit them. Although since the 2000s it was projected that by 2030 there would be a colony in Mars, the closest planet to Earth, the date arrived and the projection was not fulfilled, as space agencies were focused on extracting resources from the Moon. Nonetheless, after a series of new studies and a compilation of the already done by the European Space Agency (ESA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), in joint efforts with the ESA, started to design the PROMETEO mission, which was estimated to be the most important mission in human history. This due to the fact that would be the mission that permitted the arrival to the Red Planet. This mission departed from Sriharikota, India, with more than 18 passengers, the 20th of July of 2036. Despite the fact that, during the journey, the mission had some difficulties that caused the death of some of the astronauts, on the 27th of February of 2027, the space shuttle Freedom landed in the Red Planet. Finally, a man has arrived to another planet. Thanks to the recognition made by the 16 surviving astronauts and to the high advances of technology, it was possible to 16 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 see that there was the chance of having groundwater in the unknown planet. Because of this, and due to the ease of the trip, a lot of States and private companies reached the planet to take every single thing that could have any value on Earth. Due to the intense will of knowing everything of the closest planet to ours and to the lack of water to humanity, after doing plenty of research, it was possible to conclude that there was quite a lot of water inside of Mars. Bearing the fact that Mars’ diameter is smaller than that of the Earth, the perforation was done easily and this permitted the fulfillment of human thirst. Seeing this easiness with which the job was done, the international community decided to join forces to create a massive Foley to transport water from Mars to planet Earth in a very efficient way. After doing the first physical tests of Mars’ water in Earth, investigators discovered that this liquid was highly contaminated with toxic substances for mankind. Nonetheless, a quick solution was achieved: a programmable filter was included in the Foley that was being made, which has its due date in3065. 4.6 An environmental crisis that did not cease Mankind, with the passing of time, was increasing its wants for consumption. The problem relied on the fact that, for 2025, an average man could not eat enough to fulfill its necessities due to the food shortage. With this, the strong famines caused a reduction of world’s population in almost a thousand million people, only in the past decade. Although there was not enough food, industries continued their growth and with the wars, the emission levels of CO2, continued rising. The consequences of this were completely noticeable in 2040, when the NASA reported the increase of 1 Celsius degree in world’s temperature after a temperature equilibrium over the past 8 years. This increase was reflected in a series of natural catastrophes headed by hurricanes that overpassed category 5 and had winds with speed faster than 350 km/h. Some of the Caribbean islands like Haiti and Cuba were not capable of having prepared a contingency plan for this super-hurricanes and this is why their citizens migrated to the Great Colombia and Brazil. Starting in 2030, with the passing of super-hurricane “Sylvia”, which lasted more than 3 months over the Caribbean and caused countless damages, the United Nations started to declare zones as “NonHabitable” and their citizens were obliged to migrate to continental America. 17 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 In Asia and Oceania, the panorama was not quite different. Super-typhoons, formed because of this instability in ocean temperature, caused serious issues in most coastal zones of the eastern Pacific. The frequency of these typhoons –and the magnitude of the damaged incurred each time these occurred—within the islands of Indonesia and southeastern Asia, led the United Nations to declare these territories as the second ‘Non-Habitable’ zone of the world. Additionally, the overheating of Australian waters caused the strongest “Niño” phenomenon up to date. It was more than 2 years in which 80% of the planet did not experience heavy droughts. This, in turn, caused the international community to agree upon the assembling of a Foley, so that it could import all encountered water within Mars. Nonetheless, the implementation of the aforementioned project was slow, and roughly half of the human population lacked of sufficient vital liquid. 2040-2055 4.7 The end of a war, the start of an era. The White War, which began in 2031, took place during one of the most ruthless winters of contemporary history. As its name suggests, this conflict alludes to Adolf Hitler’s and Napoleon I Bonaparte’s invasions of Russia, given that these two were also marked by the main role that winter played. Nonetheless, not even the Napoleonic Wars or World War II itself led to the disgraceful death of 80 million people; which was the case for the White War, up to its end in 2042. Of these casualties, 63 million were attributable to civilians, innocent and uninvolved people within the conflict. In hindsight, both Americans and Russians took too long to comprehend that Mutually Assured Destruction6 was not relegated to the possession of nuclear armaments. For instance, the US tested an experimental Weapon of Mass Destruction (WMD) on the 2nd of 2042 –thus ignoring all conventions or treaties which prohibited the employment of the latter within outer space--. Hence, a kinetic bombing 7was transacted from the orbit of the planet, to different Russian military bases, along its territory. The estimated power of each impact was of 1 megaton. Russians responded with a proportional use of force, by using their low-orbit-range missile system (S-800X), thus shooting down 12 satellites belonging to Project Hyperion –which, in turn, was used by the Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD): Term employed by mathematician John Von Neumann, to describe the tense relations between the Soviet Union and the United States, because of their nuclear capabilities, within the context of the Cold War. 7 Kinetic bombing: An attack modality which is carried out from planet earth’s orbit, utilizing nonexplosive projectiles. The damage caused by these bombings occurs because of the released kinetic energy. 6 18 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 US to carry out the aforementioned kinetic bombings--. Almost immediately, both Russians and Americans sat down to negotiate conditions for a ceasefire, and to subsequently assemble a peace treaty; namely, the Anchorage Peace Treaty (September 2042). This accord between the two conflicting parts brought the White War to an end. There were significant costs, nonetheless, brought about with the finalization of all belligerences between Washington and Moscow. The United Nations’ life was brought to an end, at the expense of this war, thus submerging two global superpowers into their internal disputes; with large disregard of all other countries’ struggles for survival. In fact, the United Nations saw their official demise in 2045, although in reality, absolute decadence was an undeniable reality for this international organization, since at least a decade before. The UN was unable to withstand or coordinate an efficient response to climate change. It also failed to successfully mediate within the frame of the White War. Hence, Member States withdrew from the UN as years went by, given their lack of resources to maintain a rather fruitless institution. Clearly, values of cooperation and understanding amongst States had disappeared, thus giving place to solely individual interests. Herein, the Caliphates of IS and Ìj ba l run –classified since their birth as terrorist groups: DAESH and Boko Haram, respectively–were nearly exterminated in the previous years. A sporadic community of members to these two Caliphates subsisted, by means of sporadic attacks and robberies. This extermination nearly took place because of vigorous international pressure, constant antiterrorist operations and the environmental crisis which depleted part of their resources. Nevertheless, this same crisis obliged States to focus upon their domestic issues, thus allowing both Islamic organizations to consolidate once again within influential political and economic spaces, both internationally and within their spheres of influence. Human disgrace was successfully funneled for the reinvigoration of religious fundamentalism. The geographic spaces of depressed failed States were unable to satisfy the needs of their populations, and small Islamic nations were founded. The range of their expansions was gradually increased, and these gradually evolved towards better-defined State systems, thus contributing to the disintegration of the UN. The latter, alongside their struggle for Human Rights and against non-Jihadist values allowed their legitimation within the international context by 2048. Ever since 2035, European countries were fragmented, as a consequence of the fall of the European Union and the resultant proclamation of the 4th German Reich. This, in sum to the profound polarization that came after the White War within the 19 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 continent, implied that Europeans gave a minimal importance to the events taking place within the Middle East and Northern Africa. 4.8 A fragile stability of the international system Despite the traumatic occurrences for humanity, States found the way to reorganize, both socially and economically. Even though war had come to an end and the geopolitical structure was consolidated by 2050, the new economic dynamics were far from similar to their predecessors. Developed countries were modifying their economic policies, shifting from free-trade and cooperation towards protectionism and semi-autarkic models. All needs which could not be domestically covered were satisfied instead through bilateral agreements. Major corporations and economic blocks were far forgotten and each State veiled for their own interests, well above their trust in their neighboring nations. Climate changes modified the dynamics of human consumption, particularly in terms of food and nutrition, as two-thirds of the global fauna was already extinct by 2030. This massive extinction included an important portion of animals for protein consumption. The latter forced large enterprises to look for alternative solutions, which turned out to be rather expensive in some cases for average consumers. Synthetic proteins, caloric supplements and modified foods flooded markets, particularly those of low-income countries, as these were unable to afford scarce meats or lacked the technology to ‘terraform’ and create prone spaces for planting natural crops. High consumption of chemicals therefore generated an increase in cancer rates, and gave birth to new degenerative diseases –which are likely to persist, at least whilst organisms adapt to these substances--. The financial system collapsed by 2047 because of the large debts of States and defunct corporations. These debts dragged down the stock market and middlesized Banks –which fell into bankruptcy because of a deficit of capitals--. Moreover, although currencies do not longer circulate as banknotes, they are still in use in their electronic form. On the other hand, the military, pharmaceutical, food and desalinating industries are currently experiencing a boom, and thus constitute the fastest growing markets. Contrastingly, the entertainment and manufacturing industries – responsible for the concocting of secondary products– are currently undergoing a deterioration, and have been relegated to a basic production. Although telecommunications have suffered downfalls, profitable contracts with States and the military sector have allowed this sector to sustain and continue 20 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 developing, with equally fruitful civilian applications. It is important to highlight that the situation has changed dramatically within the most depressed sectors, where drinkable water serves as a currency and there are persistently violent events to obtain it. Both soldiers and mercenaries are hired to protect natural sources of water. There have been numerous reports of African countries trespassing borders in order to steal drinkable water from their European neighbors; just as the Austral Confederation supposedly incurs in the same behavior with the Great Colombia and the Kingdom of Brazil. 4.9 Securocracy The persistent global convulsion has led to radical proposals in terms of security, beginning in 2043. States have thus invested a considerable portion of their budget in the improvement of their military technologies and domestic security schemes. This, given the lack of security that the United Nations were able to provide, in order to preserve international peace and prevent direct armed confrontations between States. Civil societies have given up certain freedoms and rights in exchange for better State-conducted security systems. This has implied an important interconnection between all surveillance systems, preventive detentions and an increase in the severity of punishments for criminals, and an increase in the quality of the training given to members of the Special Forces and elite military groups to respond to multiple threats. Constantly closed borders heavily defended by complete contingencies and rigorous migratory measures within ports were just some of the initially implemented filters for the sake of security. Hereby, the entire planet opted —although to different degrees— for the same solutions all over the globe. No nation wanted to sense that it could be easily conquered, even if its weakness was an undeniable reality. Skirmishes within borders were inevitable, and up to date they still occur, though they are systematically ignored by the governmental elites —or ‘considered occupational hazards’—. Ever since 2050, military equipment has been based upon electronic technology and automatic systems of vigilance, including drones and androids. Humane combat forces have not been replaced or relegated, but rather improved and technologically intervened by means of electronic pieces. The latter are adhered to the body in order to optimize physical and psychological capabilities within the battle field. In other cases, ‘exosuits’ are most frequently utilized with similar results. Concerning armament, the full development of riffle weapons has displaced gunpowder into serving as a propelling system for munitions. It is clear that most developed countries count with full access to the aforementioned 21 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 technologies, whilst countries with lower incomes are constantly reinforced with outdated arms, and only very partially with new military assets. 2055-2069 4.10 The new technological threats On the computer level, cyberwar has become in the spearhead to weaken any threat. Hacker armies are trained by some organization (States, corporations, terrorist groups, etc.) to fulfill their objectives and, the invested resources in this area are incalculable. All systems, despite their primitive nature, count with human resources and super-computers dedicated to their security. However, humanity and its technology could not bear another shock from nature and, this time, from space. A solar storm hit all world’s electric infrastructure by 2055; causing a world blackout and damaging the central system. The aforementioned had the power to leave the planet completely uncommunicated, disabling technologies, letting a critical weakness of defense and, even worse yet, available to any threat. Obviously, criminal factions took advantage of this. For more than two weeks, and until engineers from all over the world managed to gather their forces to restore the whole system, the bewilderment consumed the world. The world has been consumed already for 15 years, since the first solar storm in 2055, by constant shutdowns where even the less technologically advanced apparatus were affected in its functioning. For the system as a whole, this has brought with it nothing more but chaos and the loss of hope. Since then, there have been frequent power and internet networks shutdowns, as well as failures in the area of security and defense. Then again, the problem constantly increases; shutdowns are more frequent as time goes by. In 2069, the transitory shutdowns were happening every five hours approximately, making internet, security, and electricity systems collapse. With this, not only has the technological arena become the victim, but also has it brought the largest companies to a breakdown; whilst causing governments lose temporary control of their people. Although tragic, these shutdowns have become of utmost importance for hacker communities to fight over supremacy. Alongside with them, governmental parts work towards the acquisition of the most minimum information of their counterpart. The world has become a constant warzone battling for supremacy and, during each shutdown, hacker communities get into maximum alert, whether it is to protect their allies or to end with everything their enemies have. Attacks have been witnessed on the remaining economies of affluent countries, on space 22 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 agencies and even the blackouts have been perpetrated by such famous hacker communities. The power that this community has managed to obtain has turned to be an essential part in transnational wars. Between 2055 and 2069 the world lived a real cyber-war, and it saw the real power behind the so called hacker groups. Wars were effectively taking place behind lines of code displayed in gigantic monitors. Distrust and hypocrisy were the common denominators in exterior relations all across the globe. Real power has been measured ever since, by the capability each country has to control and effectively use its resources. Attacks against other countries are perpetrated in the market depending on the desire of a country to sell or not sell a certain product; millions of lifes are at risk every single day. 4.11 A new world order In 2055, facing the threats that the consolidation and expansion of the Fourth Reïch, guided by Kaiser Friedrich IV, represented to Europe; the Conference of London was held. This conference, which served for summoning all of the royal houses of Europe, allowed King William V of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland, to openly strive for the continent to return to its antique practices of unity, in order to jointly confront the German menace. Hence, and after a series of long negotiations, the Royal European Community was founded. The latter, which occurred on the 11th of May 2055, took place after the abdication of William V. With it, all kingdoms of Europe united under one sole crown. The leadership of this royal house was assumed by King George VII and Queen Eleonor I of Spain. This accomplishment marked the ending of an era, marked by years of redefinition of territorial borders. Nowadays, from 193 existing States during the early stages of the 21st century, only 36 persist; with two Non-Habitable zones that are not accountable to any sovereign State: the Forbidden territories of Indonesia and the Southeast, and the Forbidden territories of the Caribbean. Equally, throughout the century 7 Martian Colonies have been established permanently, belonging to the United States, Russia, China, Japan, the Fourth Reïch, the Royal European Community, the Caliphate of the Islamic State and the Kingdom of Brazil. Even though the latter have been abrupt changes, and some aspects have remained the same for over 100 years, Capitalism and Communism still contend the consolidation as the sole model for economic growth and development at a global scale. Both the United States and the Royal European Community; and Russia and China, have become the main exponents of these two economic models respectively. Despite this, given the weakness of the global economy and 23 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 the devaluation of all currencies, individuals have opted for returning to the past. The world has returned to bartering; a system which once was of great use, and now is experiencing a boom in the least expected areas. The central governments of primarily consolidated States have lost sight over their economies by having focused upon their security within borders and cybernetic spaces. 2070: WELCOMING A NEW YEAR The year began with the same uncertainty that marked previous years, with respect to humanity’s future. On the 1st of January, with the ringing of the bells of the New Year, came the inauguration of 'Foley Earth-Mars’. It had the objective of transporting extracted water from the ‘red planet’ onto earth in order to cover the basic needs of earthlings. Nonetheless, only the 8 States which count with colonies in Mars have been benefitted by the extraction of these new resources, thus leading to a profound discontent amongst the rest of the international community. After a rather lengthy war, widespread famine and important natural disasters, the global population was heavily affected, to the extent that population growth underwent an abrupt slowdown. Even so, global population as such decreased because of the costly repercussions of the White War. Global population is situated at 9,500 million; a much smaller number than that expected at the beginning of the century given the constant population growth rate. It is important, nonetheless, to highlight the important humanistic labor which mankind has assumed without even knowing. It has developed an absolute immunity to cancer, radiation, and a broad range of pathological agents which caused catastrophic deaths during the earliest stages of the century. Nowadays, the so-known generation of the “Millennials”, all over the age of 70 remember, with profound feelings of nostalgia the first steps of the century and the important changes which derived from these remarkable efforts. Contrastingly, “Generation Z” governs the world. The latter is the product of major mid-century conflict and has adapted to new technologies, new discoveries, new scientific attainments, and the world’s primeval changes. In addition to this, “Generation Z” has managed to adapt, although with a questionable degree of success, to Earth’s generally accentuated scarcity of natural resources. This has caused an exponential, and nearly ridiculous, increase in the market prices of certain products. Indeed, this humongous inflationary pressure has had unexpected benefits for communities, namely the Kingdom of Brazil, Australia, Ìj ba l run and the Caliphate of the Islamic State. 24 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 The main challenges faced by global leaders were broad in this particular year. Constant shutdowns and the necessity to fix the international electric network have remained the starting points for the construction of a comprehensive international agenda. Nevertheless, the need to refund an International organization that hosts all nations, and which serves as a mechanism to join all efforts from the international community, has regained strength. The global economy has maintained a relative stability, although cooperation amongst States has been affected by persistent ideological and practical disputes between communism, bartering and capitalism. These contends still pose an important threat for international trade, as it possesses the potential to induce a global economic crisis, which would turn out to be destabilizing for one or more sides. Aware of these concerns, amongst others, 15 heads of State gathered in the city of Harare, located within the Commonwealth of South Africa, in order to commence the first Summit of the G-15. The latter constitutes the most important multilateral meeting since the Conference II of San Francisco (2045), during which the United Nations were officially terminated. This meeting served the purpose of strengthening international relations, and was given because of important bilateral efforts and meetings. 1. GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT a. World Map (2070): 25 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 b. Countries: 1. United States of America. 2. Republic of México. 3. Central American Republic. 4. Republic of the Great Colombia. 5. Kingdom of Brazil. 6. Democratic People's Republic of the Andes. 7. Austral Confederation 8. Royal European Community. 9. Fourth German Reich. 10. Russian Federation. 11. Republic of Ukraine. 12. Kingdom of the Great Morocco. 13. Caliphate of the Islamic State. 14. Ìj ba l run. 15. Republic of Chad. 16. Republic of Niger. 17. Republic of Sudan. 18. United Arab States. 19. State of Somaliland. 20. Central African Republic of the Congo. 21. Republic of Kenya. 22. United Republic of Tanzania. 23. Commonwealth of South Africa. 24. State of Israel. 25. Pakistani Republic of the India. 26. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. 27. Islamic Republic of the Great Turkmenistan 28. Republic of Kazakhstan. 29. Mongolia. 30. People’s Republic of China. 31. Empire of Japan. 32. State of Australia. 33. State of New Zealand. 34. United Republics of the Caucasus. 35. State of Papua and New Guinea. 36. Republic of Madagascar. 37. Forbidden territories of Indonesia and the Southeast. 38. Forbidden territories of the Caribbean. 26 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 39. The Vatican State 2. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. United States of America: President Donald J. Trump III. Russian Federation: President Sergei Alexandrovich Mendoleiev Karrig. People´s Republic of China: President Guam Zhang Ke. Empire of Japan: Her Majesty Aiko, 127° Empress of Japan. Pakistani Republic of the India: President Bilawal Bhutto Jr. Fourth German Reïch: His Majesty the Kaiser Friedrich IV. Royal European Community: The Prime Minister Elizabeth Mountbatten. Representing His Majesty the King George VII of England and Her Majesty the Queen Eleonor I of Spain. 8. Republic of the Great Colombia: President Matias Paz Villarreal. 9. Kingdom of Brazil: his Majesty the Emperor Luiz I. 10. Commonwealth of South Africa: Prime Minister Moroní McMiller. 11. Caliphate of the Islamic State: the Supreme Leader the Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Sasilvi Al-Sus. 12. Ìj ba l run: His Magnificent Highness Abioba I the Great. 13. Republic of Australia: President Mary Christina Olivari. 14. United Arab States: Sheikh Raddan Gammal Salam al Saud. 15. Central African Republic of Congo GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. Is the shortage of resources a topic of misusage or insufficiency in general? How is your delegation going to establish an equilibrium between demand and supply of raw materials and food? 2. For your delegation, is it more convenient the establishment of commercial and diplomatic alliances, like in the past, or is it autarchy the solution? 3. In which of the economic, social and/or military aspects is your delegations stronger? Which are its weaknesses? 4. If your delegation counts with a Space Agency, which type of programs does it develop and which is the benefit of having them in these days? 27 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 5. Does your delegation count with covet resources? What would your delegation do to protect them? In case that the delegation does not possess them, what would be done to acquire them? Are them completely necessary to develop from now on until 100 years from now? 6. In a critical situation, what point is your delegation capable of reaching in order to defend its territory and everything that composes it? 7. Regarding official communiqués of your delegation, does planet Earth count with enough resources to take care of mankind or is the world in a moment of overpopulation? How can consumption be balanced? 8. If it is the necessity, with which other delegations would a block or coalition be formed? 9. Bearing in mind the high vulnerability of security of information, how would privacy of the programs proposed to protect the shortage of resources be protected from any possible cyber-attack or sabotage? ANNEXES a. Data 28 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 29 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 a. Heads of State and Public Domain information of the participant countries. Country Profile: Name: Empire of Japan Population: 272.403.000 Official Language: Japanese Capital city: Tokyo Flag: Political System: Parliamentary monarchy Land Borders: Russian Federation, People’s Republic of China. Maritime Borders: Russian Federation, Republic of China. and People’s Economy: free market, influence Government in the economy. of Currency: Wen Natural Resources: forest areas, rivers, fish. Production: Electronic devices (work and leisure), high technology components (circuits, machinery parts), transgenic foods, desalinated water. History: The Empire of Japan is consolidated after the detonation, in 2026, of an H-Bomb in Seoul and having as a result an invasion by Japan to Korean territories, unifying those nations. Since then, the new Empire has mixed Korean and Japanese cultures, eliminating all vestiges of the ideas of communism that resided in North Korea. By 2032, 30 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 the new flag, constitution, and government system were officialized; all those unified the whole territory. Nevertheless, the monarchical hegemony was maintained and the capital city is still Tokyo. The Empire of Japan is still one of the most technologically advanced in the world, thing that is used to counter the scarcity of natural resources and the constant natural catastrophes. Space Agency: JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) Programs: ASTRO-R (space station, low orbit) SORYU-Ms (Base on Mars) KSR2.0 (Development of ferries and rockets for exploration trips) Political Leader Profile: Name: Her Majesty Aiko Photo: Position: 127° Empress of Japan Assumed office: since October 14, 2033. Born: 1st of December of 2000 Age: 69 Education: Studied primary and secondary school at Tokyo Gakushuin School. Then, studied Political Sciences at Tokyo University in 2025. Due to the changes in geopolitics, she decided to start postgraduate studies in International Politics in the University of Munich, Germany in 2028. Speaks 4 languages: Japanese, English, Korean (language considered already dead) and Chinese mandarin. She is an expert in herbalism, painting and music. Practiced basketball until she was 30 years old. 31 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Family: Spouse: Shinji Ikari (married since 2025) Daughters: Princess Rei (15th of September of 2027 ) Princess Asuka (4th of December of 2030) Family History: Daughter of the princes Naruhito and Masako, is part of the Imperial Family of Japan; a monarchical dynasty catalogued as the most ancient of the world. It counts with a line of uninterrupted succession for more than a thousand years. Raised under royal principles, Aiko has adapted to modern customs without losing her aura of empress. Studies abroad allowed her to absorb and live a lifestyle completely different from the palace, which has helped her in her successful reign. She married Shinji Ikari in the year 2025. They met in college while he studied Law. Their first daughter, Rei, was born in 2027, while Asuka in 2030. Positions in Public Office: Toshi princess of Japan (2001 - 2033) 127° Empress of Japan (2033 - nowadays) Country Profile: Name: Russian Federation Population: 167.000.000 Official Language: Russian Capital: Moscow Flag: Political System: Communism Land Borders: Republic of Ukraine, Fourth German Reich, United States of America, Republic of Kazakhstan, Mongolia, United 32 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Republics of the Caucasus Maritime Borders: Empire of Japan, Fourth German Reich, United States of America Economy: Communism Currency: Russian Ruble Natural Resources: liquefied natural gas, steel Production: Weapons, Military equipment, Nuclear Energy, Spatial Rockets History: In the year 2019 the President Vladimir Putin was killed in a terrorist attack that was perpetrated by a communist political party which took the power in the atypical presidential elections of 2020. During its term of government this party decided to modify the constitution and establish the communism as the doctrine of the country. In 2031 the Russian Federation invaded Alaska giving start to the White War. This international dispute gave Russia a relevant participation in the American Continent. Actually the Russian Federation has the biggest storage of nuclear weapons. Space Agency: Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Programs: MATRIOSKA (Moon Base) STALIN (Mars Base) Political Leader Profile: Name: Sergei Alexandrovich Mendoleiev Photo: 33 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Karrig Position: President Assumed Office: 2065 Birth: February 29th, 1992 Age: 78 years Education: Economist - Lomonosov Moscow State University (2014) Master in Business Economics - Saint Petersburg State University (2018) DPhil in Economics - Oxford University (2026) Family: Spouse: Ana Dyatlov (married since 2020) Children: Andrei (January 30, 2022) Family History: Mendoleiev met her wife in the Saint Petersburg State University while he was studying his Master in Business Economics and she was an undergraduate physics student. Mendoleiev and Dyatlov married in 2020 and in 2022 they had their single son Andrei which died being 4 years old. Position in Public Office: Mendoleiev joined the communist political party in 2024 meanwhile he was studying his PhD in UK. 10 years later he was designated as the foreign relations minister, he lasted 30 years in this position. After of the death of the President Ivan Volkov in 2065, the communist party named him as the president of the Russian Federation. 34 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Country Profile: Name: People’s Republic of China Population: 2.103.145.036 Official Language: Chinese Capital city: Beijing Flag: Political System: Communism Land Borders: Russian Federation, Pakistani Republic of India, Empire of Japan, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Islamic Republic of the Great Turkmenistan, Republic of Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Forbidden territories of Indonesia and the Southeast. Maritime Borders: Russian Federation, Empire of Japan, Forbidden territories of Indonesia and the Southeast. Economy: Chinese´s State Capitalism Economy Currency: Yuan Natural Resources: China is the country with the biggest environmental problems, the contamination in the air affects the normal development of the forest and the rivers. Also, it has the biggest reservoir in the world, the Three Gorges lake. Production: China is the biggest producer of Technological gadgets in the world and is also the 35 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 biggest workforce in the world. History: In the XXI century, China became the biggest economy in the world. It overcame the American economy in 2023. During the White War and the Korean conquest, China remained neutral in both conflicts. In this time, China accumulated the biggest arsenal and in 2040 invaded Taiwan and eliminated the Kuomintang and its members and established the communist system. In 2048, in the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Revolution, China consolidated its power as the most powerful communist country in the world and started to implement a strong reform package to avoid an economic crisis. This package was in part successful, but the Chinese economy still takes the risk of a catastrophic collapse. Space Agency: China National Space Administration CNSA. Programs: Yangtze transportation system. China National Marts Colony. Political Leader Profile: Name: Mao Tianyi. Photo: Position: President of the People´s Republic of China. Assumed Office: March 15th, 2068 (Second Term) Birth: March 19, 2008 Age: 62 years Education: Beijing University Law School - Lawyer (2032) Shanghai University - Master in Constitutional Law (2038) 36 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Mao Tze-Tung National Institute - Doctor honoris causa in Law (2065) Family: Husband: Chiang Tse-Tung (married since 2042) Children: Chiang Mao lin (September 24, 2045) Chiang Mao Yang. (April 3, 2049) Family History: Mao Tianyi is the great granddaughter of the Chinese revolution leader Mao Tse-Tung and daughter of the General Mao Xinyu, president from 2023 to 2033. She studied Law in the Beijing University and since 2033, she is married with the Chiang Kai-shek´s great grandson Chiang Tse-Tung. Her marriage caused a huge controversy by the Chiang´s political background. She has 2 children, Chiang Mao Li and Chiang Mao Yang. In 2065, she got the title of Doctor Honoris Causa in Law by the Mao Tse-Tung National University. Positions in public office: She´s an official member of the Communist Party. She became in the first woman member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party and quickly ascended until in, 2063 she became in the first women in assumed as General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and President of the People´s Republic of China. Country Profile: Name: Pakistani Republic of India Population: 1 145 294 000 Official Language: English Native Language: Hindi Urdu Capital City: Bombay Flag: Political System: Presidential republic Land Borders: 37 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Caliphate of the Islamic State, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, People´s Republic of China, and Forbidden territories of Indonesia and the Southeast. Maritime Borders: United Arab States, and Forbidden territories of Indonesia and the Southeast. Economy: State intervention, controls and regulations. Local and foreign private investment is encouraged. Currency: indopakistani rupia Natural Resources: Iron, coal, cement, copper, graphite, rivers. Production: Chemicals, textiles, agricultural and processed foods, steel, jewelry. History: Historically, Pakistan and India have been contradicting powers. Nevertheless, the outbreak of the White War obliged both governments to think again and diminish their differences and improve their relationships. In the year 2035, a plebiscite was held in which citizens of both nations were asked if they wanted to be unified as a single republic. The results showed a 63% approval in Pakistan and in 71% India, numbers that increased with the passing of the years. However, there are still separatist guerrillas operating with a strong presence in rural areas. Space Agency: Inpak Space Research Organisation (IPSRO) Programs: Chandrayaan-07 (Continued travels to the moon, establishment of an investigation lab in 38 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 the satellite.) PAKTECH (Construction of rockets and reusable shuttles.) Political Leader Profile: Name: Bilawal Bhutto Jr. Photo: Position: President of the Pakistani Republic of India Assumed Office: since November 5, 2067 Born: January of 2021 Age: 49 Education: He studied his elementary and high school in Karachi, where he was born. He has a major in Mathematics in the University of India and a PhD in Physics in the University of Agra. He finished his second PhD, in Relativity, in 2053. He speaks English, Hindi and Urdu. He met his wife in high school and his parents prepared his marriage when he finished his major degree. They have twins: Bilawal III and Nadira. Family: Wife: Latika Ganesh (married since 2046) Children: Bilawal Bhutto III (February 28 of 2050) Nadira Bhutto (February 28 of 2050) Family History: Son of the First president of the Pakistani Republic of India, Bilawal Bhutto senior (2037-2047). Bilawal Jr. was always involved in politics, as his father and his grandfathers. He is the grandson of the ex-Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. His father gave him a good education since his first years, when he showed a big interest in the numbers and math. When his father assumed the head of the Government, he developed strategies for the “Education and Technology will make as great as nation” program. 39 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Positions in Public Office: - Rayastan Governor´s Assistant (2040-2043) Culture and Education Secretary of Karach (2045-2051) Minister of Technology (2051-2062) President of the Pakistani Republic of India (2067-) Country Profile: Name: Republic of The Great Colombia Population: 168.632.482 Official Language: Spanish Capital City: Bogotá Flag: Political System: Presidential Republic. Land Borders: Kingdom of Brazil, Democratic People's Republic of the Andes, Centro American republic. Maritime Borders: Forbidden territories of the Caribbean, Kingdom of Brazil. Economy: Free market economy Currency: Bolivarian Peso Natural Resources: Water Basins, Gold, Wood, Minerals, Oil. Production: leader production of Rice, Potatoes, vegetables, corn, cereals. History: 40 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 In the middle of the world crisis of the 2020´s, the Republics of Colombia and Venezuela were on the brink of a civil war; in Venezuela, the socialist system failed and in Colombia the weak peace process didn´t succeed. The Republic of Ecuador proposed the union of these three nations again to work together against the crisis. In march 15th, 2022 the three governments called their citizens in a referendum to decide if they wanted to be a single nation. In Colombia the yes won with 50.2%, in Venezuela with the 67.5% and Ecuador with the 84.8%. In July 24th, 2023, after a long process of negotiations between the three countries, it was proclaimed the Republic of the Great Colombia. In 2030, Panama was annexed as part of the Great Colombia by the Garces-Barbosa Treaty. In 2040 Fabian Zornosa was elected president, leader of the opposition´s Socialist Coalition, but a coup in 2043 against him leaded by David Sanchez, leader of the Federalist Movement, a civil war started. In 2045, the United Left movement won the war and Fabian Zornosa was restored as Dictator. The dictatorship ruled until 2060, when the president announced that the first presidential elections in 20 years would be held and so democracy could be finally restored. Space Agency: Bolivarian Space Agency Programs: Condor program. Political Leader Profile: Name: Matias Paz Villarreal Photo: Position: President of the Republic of the Great Colombia. Assumed Office: First term: August 7th, 2065 - August 7th, 2070. He is candidate for another term by reelection. Born: November 24th, 2027 Age: 43 years old Education: San Bartolomé High School - 2045. Javeriana University - Political Scientist and Economist - 2050 41 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Bolivar National University - Master in Government Administration - 2053 Andes University - Master in International Law and Political Science - 2057 Harvard Law School - Doctor in Law - 2066 Family: Wife: Carolina Lacouture de Paz (married since 2055) Children: Carlos Santiago Paz Lacouture (august 23, 2058) Laura Sofia Paz Lacouture (may 17, 2060) Family History: Matias is the older son of the ex-Senators Santiago Paz and Laura Villarreal de Paz. He grew up in middle of the hard political stage of those days. He studied Political Science and Economy in the Javeriana University and participated with his parents in the opposition against the socialist government. He married in 2055 with former Miss Universe and Senator, Carolina Lacouture and had 2 children: Carlos Santiago and Laura Sofia. Positions in Public Office: Matias Paz Villarreal inherited the leadership of his parents, they were leaders of the Democratic Party and leaders of the opposition against the socialist´s government of Fabian Zornosa de Torres. In 2045 was elected councilor of Bogotá and in 2050 was elected Mayor of Bogotá. In 2055, he was elected Senator and was a promoter of the end of the Dictatorship. In the first presidential elections he was the candidate of the Democratic Party but lost against the United Left's candidate Maria Victoria Zornosa, daughter of the president. In 2065 he was candidate again and won by a narrow margin of 1.34% over the socialist’s candidate. Actually, he is the candidate of the Democratic party in the presidential elections against Fabián Zornosa, who is looking for his third term as President of the Republic of the Great Colombia. Country Profile: Name: Commonwealth of South Africa 42 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Population: 246 218 694 Official Language: English and Portuguese. Capital City: Pretoria Flag: Political System: Federal Parliamentary Republic. Land Borders: Central African Republic of the Congo. United Republic of Tanzania. Maritime Borders: Republic of Madagascar. Economy: free market, protectionism. Currency: Kwanzatical Natural Resources: gold, diamonds, natural gas, sweet water, wood, oil, copper, uranium. Production: agricultural food, jewelers and precious metals, construction material, tourism. History: The Commonwealth of South Africa was founded in 2031, when South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland decided to be a single country, as a consequence of the climate change. This three nations are the original founders of the Commonwealth, a nation based in the cooperation and the union; a federation of countries seeking common objectives but with a certain degree of independence. The idea of a stable and a continuously growing economy interested Namibia, who was annexed to the Commonwealth in 2034. With the expansion of Ìj ba l run and the chaos of the Civil War in the Central African Republic of the Congo, Angola signed the Wkihtie treaty in 2038, which formalized its entrance to the Commonwealth. Finally in 43 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 2043, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Malawi were added to the Commonwealth: Nowadays, the Federation is known as one of the most powerful countries in Africa and one of the biggest economies in the world. Space Agency: South Africa Space Agency (SASA) Programs: Mozan-Com (communication satellite system) ExplorationSLN (Titan´s exploration mission on the Moon) Political Leader Profile: Photo: Name: Moroní McMiller. Position: Prime Minister Assumed Office: since June 24, 2067. Born: 13th of July, 2032 Age: 38 years Education: Johannesburg national high school (2050) History studies - Johannesburg University (2055) Master in Sociology - Pretoria University (2027) Doctor in Anthropology and African tribes (2061) He speaks English, Portuguese and Spanish. Family: Spouse: Rouminna Midena McMiller (married since 2060) 44 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Children: Shania McMiller ( 14 de Septiembre 2062) Family History: He was born in a middle class family of Johannesburg. His father was a merchant and his mother a housewife. They raised him according to their cultures´ values: respect and solidarity. The unification of the Commonwealth brought a better economic situation for the McMiller family; now his parents could afford paying college for him. He has two brothers. His older daughter, Shilia and his little brother, Garreth. Positions in Public Office: - Professor of History in the Pretoria University (since 2059) Secretary of Education of Pretoria (2056-2060) Vice Governor of South African region (2061-2063) Member of the Ethnic Issues and Integration commission of the Parliament. (2063-2067) Prime Minister of the Commonwealth (since 2067) Country Profile: Name:: United States of America Population: 425,000,001 Official Language: English, Spanish Capital City: Washington D.C. Flag: Political System: Federal Republic Land Borders: Russian Federation, Republic of Mexico Maritime Borders: People´s Republic of China, Empire of Japan, Republic of the Great Colombia, Russian Federation, Republic of Mexico 45 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Economy: Free market economy Currency: Dollar Natural Resources: Corn, oil, natural gas, wood Production: Vehicles, weapons, rockets, technology History: The federal distribution of the United States of America has changed a lot in the last 50 years. The White War gave 18 new states that were part of Canada, and Alaska disappeared because it was added to the Russian Federation. In 2042 a big civil war divided the country and brought a terrible financial crisis which made Citibank go out of business. After a long peace process, the war ended in 2059. This process divided the country in 72 federal states which have the independency to decide about their laws and economy. Space Agency: NASA Programs: FREEDOM (Mars) INTERESTELLAR (Moon) Political Leader Profile: Name: Barron Trump Photo: Position: President Assumed Office: since January 20, 2069 Born: March 20, 2006 46 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Age: 64 years Education: Law - Harvard University (2029) LLM International Law - Harvard University (2037) Family: James Donovan (Husband) Family History: Barron is the son of the former president Donald J. Trump (2017-2024). In 2028 Barron Trump disclosed his homosexuality and 4 years later he married Talon Donovan, the son of the legend of the US soccer player Landon Donovan. Positions in Public Office: Trump was Secretary of State of Malia Obama (2049-2056), the first women President of the United States. In 2064, Trump lost the elections against the republican candidate Mateo Rodriguez. Despite the fact that the democrat candidate tried again in the elections of 2068, he won the presidency. Country Profile: Name: Kingdom of Brazil Population: 150,000,001 Official Language: Portuguese Capital City: Belo Horizonte BANDERA: Political System: Monarchy Land Borders: Republic of the Great Colombia, 47 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Democratic People's Republic of The Andes, Austral Confederation Maritime Borders: Great Colombia, Austral confederation Economy: Free market economy Currency: Brazilian Real Natural Resources: Water, oil, coffee, chocolate, fruits, carbon, cotton Production: Airplanes, tourism, food, vehicles History: The Kingdom Of Brazil returned to the Monarchy after a big amount of failed coup attempts to the dictator Fabio Luis Lula Da Silva. This dictatorship ended in 2047 with the creation of a new Brazilian general Assembly which decided to empower Luiz Faria (a descendant of Pedro II, the last Brazilian emperor) as the President of the country. In 2055 after a unanimous approval of the Brazilian General Assembly, the Federative Republic of Brazil became the Kingdom of Brazil and their economy started to grow at unimaginable levels. Space Agency: Agência Espacial Brasileira Programs: SAUDADE (MARS) Political Leader Profile: Name:: LUIZ I Photo: 48 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Position: Emperor Assumed office: since September 02, 2047. Born: 16/06/2000 Age: 69 Years Education: Computer Science - Harvard University (2023) PhD in computer science - Harvard University (2037) Family: Prince Roberto (Son) Prince Fabio (Son) Princess Giselle (Daughter) Princess Fernanda (Daughter) Family History: The emperor Luiz was married with the Model Carolina Oliveira for 30 years (2025 - 2055). In 2055 emperor’s wife died as a consequence of a Breast Cancer. The emperor Luiz and Carolina Oliveira had 2 couple of twins which are actually involved in his father’s government. Positions in Public Office: -Congressman (2045-2047) -President of the Brazilian General Assembly (2047-2055) -Emperor (2055-...) Country Profile: 49 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Name: Fourth German Reïch Population: 222,471,073 Official Language: German Capital City: Berlin Flag: Political City: Parliamentary Monarchy Maritime Borders: Royal European Community, Caliphate of the Islamic State, Republic of Ukraine, Russian Federation. Maritime Borders: Royal European Community, and the Fourth Reïch. Economy: Partial control of the State, based on exports, protectionist economy. Currency: German Euro Natural Resources: Natural gas, oil, coal, lignite, iron ore, copper, nickel, uranium, potash, salt, construction materials, timber, arable land. Production: electricity, motor vehicles, machinery, chemicals, computer and electronic products, electrical equipment, pharmaceuticals, metals, transport equipment, foodstuffs, textiles, rubber and plastic products. History: Because of the political changes in the world, especially in Europe during 2027, the current president of Germany with the support of the citizens started to conquer the countries of: Austria, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. With more than 100 thousand troops, the president Constant Bauer attacked these countries and established the Fourth German Reich, creating the biggest and most powerful empire that the world 50 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 has ever seen. 6 years later, the Kaiser Friedrich IV begin the new parliamentary monarchy that would rule this empire. Many countries have communicated its reject of this nation such as the Royal European Community and the United States of America. The Fourth German Reich is now one of the few countries that still have oil, electricity and natural gas, being now the world's number one seller of these resources. The Kaiser has communicated his intention of conquering more countries in Europe and to continue with the space research. Space Agency: German Aerospace Center Programs: Mars Express Manned spaceflight Spacelab TerraSAR-X Political Leader Profile: Name: Photo: His Majesty the Kaiser Friedrich IV. Position: Emperor Assumed Office: 2037 Born: June 10th, 2005 Age: 65 Education: Elementary school: Schule Schoss Salem Law School: Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich 51 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Politics and foreign affairs graduate studies: London School of Economics and Political Science Languages: German, Russian, French, Spanish, Arabic, English, Japanese. Interests: Postmodern art, electronic music, contemporary literature. Family: Her majesty the empress Angelika Ludovica His majesty the prince Klaus Her majesty the princess Kirsten Katharina Family History: He was born in Frankfurt, from a middle class family. Norman Klaus Baum lived its early years in the city of Berlin, in order to enter into a prestigious law school, he traveled to Munich and then to London to do his graduate studies in foreign affairs. He worked in a NPO in Russia where he met his wife. Then he came back to Germany and worked with the President Constant Bauer in this government. After his death, he assumed his position as Kaiser of the German Empire. Positions in Public Office: Human Rights Watch (NPT) Lawyer at the firm Ince & Co Germany LLP. Judge in the German Federal Court of Justice. Ministry of Foreign affairs and economics. Federal Minister of the Interior. Vice-president of Germany. Kaiser. Country Profile: 52 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Name: Royal European Community Population: 121,303,129 Official Language: French, English, Spanish. Capital City: Paris Flag: Political System: Parliamentary monarchy Land Borders: Caliphate of the Islamic State, Fourth German Reich. Maritime Borders: Economy: Capitalism, free market, exports. Currency: Royal Euro Natural Resources: Copper, natural gas, coal and petroleum Production: Machinery and transportation equipment, aircraft, plastics, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, iron and steel, beverages. History: 53 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Because of the several economic crisis in Europe all over the century, the European nations of France, Netherlands, Belgium, United Kingdom, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Italy, Czech Republic, Slovakia and the northern part of Spain decided to create the Royal European Community in order establish the most important economy of the world. In 2055, the King George VII of England and Her Majesty the Queen Eleonor I of Spain established the first monarchy of this new world potency, but not all the European countries that were not included in this kingdom were in favor of this new nation. This is why the Fourth German Reich has attacked the territories of the Royal European Community in order to conquer these territories. The United States is one of the few allies of this nation. The Royal European community is still today one of the wealthiest nations in the world because of its productions of food and the space explorations, mostly in Mars, to get water from that planet. Space Agency: Royal European Community Space Agency RECSA Programs: Technology Research Programme Science Core Technology Programme General Study Programme European Component Initiative Political Leader Profile: Name: Elizabeth Mountbatten Photo: Position: Prime Minister of the REC Assumed Office: 2044 Born: October 19, 2029 Age: 50 Education: Elementary school: Wycombe Abbey School. 54 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Economics undergraduate studies: University of Oxford. Politics and human rights graduate studies: Université Paris-Sorbonne. Languages: English, French, Spanish, German, Russian, Arabic, Mandarin. Interests: Poetry, opera, musicals, charity. Family: Husband: Benjamin Delevigne Children: Nathan, Lucien and Victoria. Family History: She was born in London, Elizabeth is the younger child of a very rich family of England. Since she was a kid, she developed leadership interest, and was a top class student. In 2045 she started her undergraduate studies in economics at the University of Oxford, where she met her husband. Since then, she has occupied many financial and political positions, and she is now married to an astrophysics genius and has three children. Positions in Public Office: Director General, Public Spending and Finance Financial Secretary of the Treasury. Vice President of the Bank of England. Chancellor of the Exchequer. President of the European Council. Prime Minister of the Royal European Community. Country Profile: Name: Caliphate of the Islamic State Population: 11 338 000 Official Language: Arabic 55 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Capital City: Algiers Flag: Political System: Theocracy. Land Borders: Kingdom of Great Morocco, Ìj ba Republic of Chad, Royal l run, European Community, State of Israel, Republic of Niger, United Arab States, Pakistani Republic of India, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Islamic Republic of the Great Turkmenistan, Republic of Ukraine, Fourth German Reïch, and with the Republic of Sudan. Maritime Borders: Kingdom of Great Morocco, Royal European Community, State of Israel, Republic of Sudan, and with United Arab States. Economy: Communist and barter (where there is low State presence). Currency: Dinar Natural Resources: Coal, talk, limestone, copper, salt, turquoise, gold, cement, and uranium. Production: table salt, hydroelectric energy, and construction materials. History: Started its consolidation in 2014, taking first Syria, Iraq and Iran –a process that lasted until 2020-. Between 2020 and 2045, the Caliphate started adhering African countries such as Algeria, Egypt and Libya. By 2055, with the conformation of the Royal European Community, Portugal, the Balkans, Greece, part of Spain, and other surrounding 56 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 countries, were annexed to the Caliphate. Space Agency: Alttariq 'iilaa aljann. Programs: Barnamaj l outer space, Barnamaj l Moon, Barnamaj l Mars. Political Leader Profile: PHOTO Name: Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Sasilvi Al-Sus Position: Supreme Caliph of the Islamic State. Assumed Office: July 14 of 2054 until death Born: November 1 of 2009 in Ordu, Turkey. Age: 60 Education: Started his studies in the International Schools Of Choueifat (Egypt), is an undergraduate Law student from Istanbul Aydın University (Turkey), and has a doctorate of Private Law in Ba kent University (Turkey). Family: Currently married to 5 women (Aysun, Dilara, Emel, Pembe, and Sevda) with which he has had 3, 1, none, 4, and 3 children respectively. Family History: Mohammad Sasilvi Al-Sus was the first of 12 children of the Al-Sus family. His parents, Abdul and Lupe, come both from very wealthy families. Abdul was the past Ayatollah and, by tradition, the whole family has been part of government since the 1990s. In 2014, for Mohammad Sasilvi’s school years, they moved to Egypt because of a family disaster but Mohammad decided to continue his study life back in Turkey. 57 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Positions in Public Office: From 2040 to the start of his mandate, Mohammad has been Minister of Foreign Affairs and of Economics in several times. Country Profile: Name: Ìj ba l run Population: 19 742 000 Official Language: French Capital City: Abuya Flag: Political System: Autocracy Land Borders: Kingdom of Great Morocco, Caliphate of the Islamic State, Republic of Chad, Republic of Niger, and with Central African Republic of Congo. Maritime Borders: Kingdom of Great Morocco and with Central African Republic of Congo. Economy: Communist and barter (where there is low State presence). Currency: CFA Franc Natural Resources: Bauxite, iron ore, manganese, gold, diamonds, limestone, chromium, phosphates. 58 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Production: major producer of steel, aluminum, construction materials. History: Since 2002, Boko Haram was a jihadist group who intended to spread Islamic ideals through Africa. By May 2nd of 2023, they had already conquered several States and established what is known as Ìj ba l run. By 2043, and after recovering of the weakening caused by the international community, Ìj ba l run had become one single State after conquering other 14 countries from Senegal up to Cameroon. Space Agency: Haram Agence Spatiale Programs: Programme à la lune (failed). Political Leader Profile: Name: PHOTO: His Magnificent Highness Abioba I the Great Position: Supreme Leader Assumed Office: December 19 of 2062 until December 19 of 2072. Birth: February 27 of 2016 in Abiyán, Côte d’ivoire. Age: 53-54 (Depends on the date of our convention.) Education: He studied in Morning Glory International School (Côte d’ivoire), moved to France to study Economics in the University of Toulouse, but was deported when working for promoting Islamic ideology. In Nigeria, at Covenant University, he started studying psychology and, 59 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 before graduating, joined Boko Haram (2042). Family: Abioba l is married to Ife with which he has 4 children. Family History: Abioba l comes from a wealthy and influential family in Côte d’ivoire. His mother, Lerato, and his father, Imamu, raised him and his 7 siblings with mere Christian principles but he never believed in them. This is why they sent Abioba l to France to study but, when he arrived to Toulouse, Imamu died and the rest of the family decided to move to Nigeria looking for a source of progress. Positions in Public Office: Abioba l, when living in Toulouse, worked for the Mayor’s Office as an advisor for local public policies. When he arrived to Nigeria, he worked as councilor of the Upper House of the Legislative System. From 2047 to 2052, was named President of the region of Sierra Leone and from 2052 to 2057, was President of the region of Ghana. In 2059, he was called by the past Supreme Leader, His Magnificent Olamilekan II, to become his personal advisor. When Olamilekan II died, Abioba I took office as a wish of the past Supreme Leader (2062). Country Profile: Name: Australia Population: 30.000.000 Official Language: English Capital City: Canberra BANDERA: Political System: Democracy Land Borders: none Maritime Borders: 60 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 New Zealand, India Economy: Free Market Economy Currency: Australian Dollar Natural Resources: Cotton, Steel, gold, silver Production: Tourism, cattle raising, Technology History: Australia decided to break commercial and political relationships with the UK in the White War, when the Russian Federation gave them all their economic support while Australia was experiencing the worst economic crisis in its history. After the ending of the White War, Australia changed its flag to show their complete independence from the UK. Actually, its commercial partners are China, Russia and Japan which have helped Australia to rebuild its technologic industry after the crisis. Space Agency: Australian Civil Space Programs: KANG (Moon) Political Leader Profile: Name: Mary Christina Olivari Photo: Position: President 61 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Assumed office: 2069 – 2074 Born: 28/06/2014 Age: 55 years Education: Business Management - University of Queensland (2037) Family: Joseph Cooper (Husband) Family History: The president Olivari met her Husband (Joseph Copper) while she was the President of the Congress and he was the leader of the national political party. She couldn’t have children because in 2040 she had a uterus surgery which left her sterile. Positions in Public Office: Secretary of treasury (2043-2049) Congresswoman (2057 - 2062) Vice-president ( 2063-2068) Country Profile: Name: United Arab States Population: 65,482,233 Official Language: Arabic Capital City: Dubai Flag: Political System: Presidentialist Land Borders: 62 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Caliphate of the Islamic State, State of Israel Maritime Borders: Republic of Sudan, and State of Somaliland. Economy: Open economy, not very controlled by the government, exports. Currency: United Arab States Dirham Natural Resources: Oil, natural gas, minerals. Production: Textiles, industry, food. History: The United Arab States had a terrible economic crisis caused by the low prices of the oil in 2023.During these critical years, the Fourth German Reich and the Pakistani Republic of the India helped them with a lot of money, which increased its external debt. In 2035, The United Arab Emirates decided to invest their public resources in Spatial Programs to get cheaper water from other places outside the Earth. Space Agency: United Arab States Space Agency (UASSA) Programs: RC-98 (Moon) RP-101 (Mars) WX-09 (General research) Political Leader Profile: Name: Photo: 63 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Sheikh Raddan Gammal Salam al Saud. Position: President Assumed Office: 2070 – 2073 Born:19/03/1997 Age: 73 Years Education: Lawyer - University of Dubai (2020) Family: Mohammed Salam(Son) Latika Salam (Daughter) Family History: The president hasn’t been married, but he had his first son while he was studying in the University of Dubai. Actually his son Mohammed is his vice-president.In 2038, he had his daughter Latika with a Stewardess that he met in a flight from Dubai to Berlin. Nowadays, Latika is working as a teacher of Philosophy in the University of Abu Dhabi. Positions in Public Office: Congressmen (2042 - 2059) Secretary of water (2060 - 2067) Vice-president (2067-2069) Country Profile: Name: Central African Republic of the Congo Population : 123.415.201 Official Language: French. 64 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Capital City: Brazzaville Flag: Political System: Authoritarian Republic. Land Borders: State of Somaliland, Ìj ba l run, Republic of Kenya, United Republic of Tanzania, Commonwealth of South Africa. Maritime Borders: Ìj ba l run, Commonwealth of South Africa Economy: free market economy Currency: Kikongo. Natural Resources: Gold, Silver, copper, cobalt, tin. Production: this region is the biggest reserve of tin, cobalt and copper in the world. Also is the principal producer of minerals and metals. History: After the Great Hunger of 2025, many countries of the central African region started a negotiation process to enforce the cooperation programs. As result of this negotiation, the different Governments decided to unite their countries by initiative of Joseph Kabila, president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo; and in 2027, it was proclaimed as the Central African Republic of the Congo. Kabila was elected as the first president and one year later, the Third Congo War started as consequence of the radical structural changes of Kabila's Government. In 2040, Kabila won the war and declared himself as Dictator. Joseph Kabila instated an authoritarian government and ruled until 2057 when he resigned and named his daughter Sifa as dictator. Space Agency: National Office for the Air and the Space NOAS Programs: Project “Mutumba” 65 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 Political Leader Profile: Name: Sifa Kabila Photo: Position: Supreme Commandant of the Central African Republic of the Congo. Assumed Office: February 20th, 2057. Born: May 23th, 2001 Age: 69 years Education: Kinshasa Military Academy - Officer (2021) National University of the Congo - Master in Security and Geostrategic. (2026) Central African National Army - General (2040) Family: Husband: Jean-Claude Mobatu (since 2027) Children; - Laurent Desire Mobatu Kabila (2028) - Jean-Pierre Mobatu Kabila (2032) Family History: Sifa is the only daughter of the ex-president and dictator Joseph Kabila, she born in 2001 when his grandfather Lauren-Desire was killed in the middle of the second Congo war. She started her military career in 2021 when she graduated of the Kinshaya Military Academy. She studied a master in Security and Geostrategic in the National University of the Congo. In 2027, she married Jean.Claude Mobatu, an important business manager and owner of Katanga Minerals and Metals Corporation KMMC, the biggest exploitation company of metals in the Central African region, and considered the richest man of Africa. They have 2 children: Laurent-Desire III and Jean-Pierre. Both work for their mother´s government. Positions in Public Office: As a military, she worked for her father as Defense assessor. When the Third Congo War 66 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 began, she defended Brazzaville and led the attacks against the rebel provinces. She was a fundamental responsible of the Kabila's victory in the war. In 2040, she became General and assumed the position of Minister of National Defense and Commander of the Military Forces of the Congo. When her father decided to abandon his office, he announced her as his successor. In February 20th, 2057 in a special session of the Supreme Council of the Congo, Joseph officially resigned and Sifa Kabila was proclaimed President of the Council and Supreme Commandant of the Central African Republic of the Congo. She continued with the authoritarian government system until today. 67 STUDY GUIDE | GAU | MONUA 2017 [email protected] monuauniandes.org Facebook Monua Uniandes Tw i t t e r @MonuaUniandes Instagram @MONUAUniandes
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