Managing International Relations - Resource Guides at National Library, Singapore
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Managing International Relations
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This libguide contains resources on the topic of International Relations,
famous conflicts that have taken place in the past, as well as, the two-pronged
approach that Singapore adopts in managing international relations.
conflict, english, international relations, singapore
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Introduction
Overview
Conflicts and Threats
Famous Conflicts
Terrorism
Singapore's Deterrence Strategy
Singapore in Diplomacy
Accessing the Resources
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Introduction
Managing international relations (IR) has always been tricky, a landmine within which to tread carefully. In today's world of rapid infocommunications, the complexity of international relations is all the
more apparent when one hears news of conflicts, cooperations, agreements between nations. This libguide is not meant to be a comprehensive resource on the academic study of International
Relations. Rather, it aims to point to resources on what we see as the realities of, and the challenges facing, the management of IR in reality - conflicts between nation-states, the ever-present
phenomenon of terrorism and trans-terrorism, among others. A large part of this libguide also introduces one to resources on how Singapore manages its international relations by the twin strategies
of deterrence and diplomacy.
Editorial Notes
Books and texts are often mainstays of resource guides as these provide introductory and comprehensive information on a particular topic. In the creation of this libguide however, effort was also
made to recommend resources that are highly accessible, such as, ebooks, journal and newpaper articles, authoritative websites, among others. Please find below a brief write-up of the resource
formats, as well as, how to access them.
• Print materials from both the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library, as well as, NLB's Public Libraries. Just click on the given links to activate NLB's online catalogue showing
availability of the items. Apart for the reference books at the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library, books recommended in this guide can be reserved online and brought to the
library branch of your choice for a small fee of $1.55 (just click on "Reserve this item").
• Journal Articles from the library's eResources service (http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg). Most of the recommended journal articles are from Proquest Central and JSTOR as
these databases are accessible from home. Just click on the given links to be brought to the relevant section of the eResources site. Thereafter, register (if you are new to the
service) or log-in >> click on the relevant database (e.g., JSTOR, Proquest Central) >> conduct a search using the article's title.
• Newspaper articles from the Factiva database, as well as, the NewspaperSG database. Factiva is available via our eResources service and articles within can be accessed in
the same manner as that for journal articles (described above). Newspapers from NewspaperSG can be accessed via (http://newspapers.nl.sg). Articles from 1831 - 1989 can
be accessed from home (direct links to the articles are provided) while those after 1989 can only be accessed onsite at the libraries.
• RSS feeds. Listings of the most recent articles from reputable websites. Simply click on the link to be brought to the webpage.
• Embedded videos. A picture speaks thousand words, what more a video? Click the play button on the embedded videos (from reputable sources) for some visual learning.
For more detailed information on accessing our print resources and electronic databases, please go to the section on "Accessing the Resources" in this same guide.
Share your links
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If you know of any interesting resource not featured in this guide, please share with us! It's easy, just click below :)
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Overview
ForeignPolicy.com
Foreign Policy is published bimonthly by the Washington Post Company and has won several magazine awards till date. Reporting on current affairs in world politics and economics, the magazine's
website constitutes a ready platform with which to keep track daily of the hottest international news. Please find below a listing of the day's best items from ForeignPolicy.Com.
The list below runs highlights from ForeignPolicy.com's plethora of blogs that includes Passport - which aims to provide "up-to-the-minute analysis of the day's top international stories"; the Middle
East Channel, as well as, opinion pieces by renowned personalities such as winner of Pulitzer Prize - Tom Ricks.
Foreign Affairs
Published by the U.S. Council on Foreign Relations, Foreign Affairs is a magazine and website on international relations and U.S., foreign policies. It's mission - "The articles in Foreign Affairswill
deal with questions of international interest today. They will cover a broad range of subjects, not only political but historical and economic, and they will be accompanied, when it is desirable, by
maps and diagrams. Technical articles will be left to more special magazines...." Please find below a listing of the day's items from the Foreign Affairs website.
Overview
Concepts in International Relations
To facilitate understanding of IR management, it would perhaps be beneficial to point out certain basic theoretical constructs and frameworks in IR. According to the Britannica Concise Encyclopedia,
International Relations can be defined as the "study of the relations of states with each other and with international organizations and certain subnational entities (e.g., bureacracies and political
parties)." It is inter-disciplinary in that it also constitutes the study of myriad areas such as (but not limited to) economics, history, geography, sociology, law, and even psychology.
There are a few main concepts to know in IR, the first of which is sovereignty, which is the wielding of absolute authority within a certain bounded territory, usually invested in the political entity of the
state. Another IR concept would be that of power. At a basic level, it can be further divided into hard power - involving the use of coercion and force; and soft power - the wielding of cultural,
economic, and diplomatic influence. Following these, the next IR concept would be that of polarity, which is the distribution of power within the international system. To illustrate this concept, the pre1945 world is said to be multi-polar where power is shared among the Great Powers. The Cold War sees the rise of 2 major powers (USA and USSR) and gave rise to the term "bipolarity", where
USSR's collapse in 1991 has led to what many call a unipolar world where the USA enjoys hegemony. With China's increasing influence, it would be interesting to see how the power play in the
international system evolves in the future. Last but not least, many researchers have stated the world to be, more than ever, characterised by interdependence. The incessant economic interactions
between nation states, the presence of and proliferation of international organisations are manifestations of this growing interdependence in the world system.
Managing International Relations
In the real world, management of IR is largely manifested in foreign policies of sovereign states. State actions we see being reported on the news are often stipulated by overarching foreign policies
and are in effect, IR tools meant to further state interests in the world. Some of these tools include trade agreements and cooperations, cultural exchanges, political censures, force, among others.
While abstract and perhaps seemingly detached from everyday life, such state actions have cascading effects that ultimately affect citizens. For example, good relations with other countries would
translate into more cooperation projects and therefore more jobs and revenue; similarly, strategic alliances with other nations could boost the defence position of a nation. Conversely, the
mishandling of international relations could give rise to conflict and tension between countries, or even war in the extreme, which could have devastating effects given technological advances of the
21st century.
Singapore and International Relations
Singapore's foreign policies have been influenced much by the notions of vulnerability and survival, due in large part to certain conditions faced by Singapore. Its lack of a hinterland and natural
resources not only increases the difficulty in defending its land, but also increases its reliance on other countries for basic necessities (e.g., water, food). In addition, its geographical location among
powerful Islamic neighbours, combined with its demographic of Chinese dominance makes ethnic issues an everpresent concern. As such, especially in the immediate years after its independence,
Singapore has had to manage IR senstitively to ensure its survival. Its foreign policies were thus largely characterised by ASEAN-centrism, fierce defence of its sovereignty, as well as, a practical
approach of "being friends with all who wish to be friends". However, while the "survival instinct" might remain foundational for Singapore's foreign policies, its maturity into a developed nation might
engender changes in how the nation plays the game.
As articulated by S. Dhanabalan:
"The conduct of foreign policy is like navigating a ship through dangerous waters. Our fundamental aim is, and will remain, to avoid shipwreck. But, as we proceed in [the 1980's], changes in the
structure and processes of international politics have given us the opportunity, as well as made it necessary, to steer a more positive course. We cannot be solely at the mercy of the tides and the
winds. History will not forgive us if we do."
This section recommends some texts introducing basic theories of IR, as well as, case studies of how the former translates in reality. Journal articles looking at more specific aspects such as power,
globalisation, among others are also listed. Last but not least, as world events are ever-changing, keep yourself updated on the latest inter-state happenings via RSS feeds from the Foreign Policy
and Foreign Affairs website.
Some Books
Listed below are some books on the basic tenets of International Relations. Books targeted at youths (easier-reading) are also included and are indicated by the letters "Y" and "J" at the head of the
call numbers. Click on the links for more information on where to get the books in NLB.
• A citizen's guide to the world community by Sean Connolly
Call Number: Y English q327 CON
ISBN: 0431144907
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=10748980Oxford : Heinemann Library, 2002. This title looks at the world community, its institutions and, the responsibilities that students hold
as part of a modern, multicultural society. Ideas for further research and how students can actively participate in the world community scene are also included.
• International relations : a very short introduction by Paul Wilkinson
Call Number: English 327 WIL
ISBN: 9780192801579
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13061062Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2007.
This book is not for those expecting a comprehensive and detailed overview of IR and its theories. However, it does manage to "demonstrate" the discipline via the examples of recent events,
making it more of an accessible introduction to the topic. Those interested in furthering their knowledge on IR can also look at suggested titles in the book.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com
• International relations : the basics by Peter Sutch, Juanita Elias
Call Number: R English 327 SUT (preview available at http://www.amazon.com)
ISBN: 0415311845
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12672566London ; New York : Routledge, 2007.
Written in an easy-to-read manner, this book aims to instil in readers a critical understanding of IR by weaving a framework constituting the history of IR, its theoretical underpinnings, as well as,
key factors affecting IR (e.g., globalisation, non-state actors).
• Dynamics of international relations : conflict and mutual gain in an era of global interdependence by Walter C Clemens
Call Number: R English 327.101 CLE
ISBN: 0742528219
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12259945Lanham, Md : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, c2004.
Designed for an introductory course in international relations, this textbook uses real world cases to present the major approaches and illustrate the basic concepts of the discipline. The volume is
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organized around four themes: global interdependence, conflict resolution, the international political economy, and environmental and human rights concerns. The second edition features
coverage of new and ongoing conflicts in Kosovo, Chechnya, Afghanistan, North Korea, and Iraq. Annotation ©2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
• International relations by Joshua S. Goldstein
Call Number: R English 327 GOL
ISBN: 0321195507
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=11929242New York : Longman, 2003.
A text on introductory international relations, this book gives a comprehensive coverage on different aspects such as power issues, transnational security, political economy, among others.
Journal Articles
Journal articles are often good reads for current developments, specific aspects of a topic, as well as, alternative perspectives of an issue from various players. The journal articles are from reputable
online databases in our eResources service, such as, JSTOR and Proquest. Read the Introduction section for more information on accessing these articles.
• Reflection, evaluation, integration: The new sovereignty in international relations
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: David A. Lake
Journal: International Studies Review, 5 (Sep., 2003), 303-323
Database: JSTOR
The academic study of sovereignty is undergoing a mini-renaissance. Stimulated by criticisms of classical conceptions of sovereignty in systemic theories of politics, scholars returned to
sovereignty as a topic of inquiry in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Their studies are finally bearing fruit. This essay focuses on the new conceptions of sovereignty
that are emerging and (1) discusses the fundamental nature of sovereignty, (2) reviews the classical perspective on sovereignty, (3) surveys
new constructivist alternatives to this classical view, (4) examines important new work on the problematic nature of sovereignty, (5) identifies continua of hierarchic relationships that make sense
of the various forms of mixed or restricted sovereignty that we observe in world politics, and (6) argues why it is important to study alternative,
hierarchic relationships in international relations. The principal themes throughout are that sovereignty is far more problematic than recognized in the classical model, that important elements of
hierarchy exist in the global system, and that both our theories and practice of international politics would be improved by explicitly incorporating variations in hierarchy.
• Power in International Politics
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Authors: Michael Barnett, Raymond Duvall
Journal: International Organization, Vol. 59, No. 1 (Winter, 2005), pp. 39-75
Database: JSTOR
Abstract: The concept of power is central to international relations. Yet disciplinary discussions tend to privilege only one, albeit important, form: an actor controlling another to do what that other
would not otherwise do. By showing conceptual favoritism, the discipline not only overlooks the different forms of power in international politics, but also fails to develop sophisticated
understandings of how global outcomes are produced and how actors are differentially enabled and constrained to determine their fates. We argue that scholars of international relations should
employ multiple conceptions of power and develop a conceptual framework that encourages rigorous attention to power in its different forms. We first begin by producing a taxonomy of power.
Power is the production, in and through social relations, of effects that shape the capacities of actors to determine their circumstances and fate. This general concept entails two crucial, analytical
dimensions: the kinds of social relations through which power works (in relations of interaction or in social relations of constitution); and the specificity of social relations through which effects are
produced (specific/direct or diffuse/indirect). These distinctions generate our taxonomy and four concepts of power: compulsory, institutional, structural, and productive. We then illustrate how
attention to the multiple forms of power matters for the analysis of global governance and American empire. We conclude by urging scholars to beware of the idea that the multiple concepts are
competing, and instead to see connections between them in order to generate more robust understandings of how power works in international politics.
• Framing effects in international relations
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=P
Authors: Alex Mintz, Steven B. Redd
Journal: Synthese, 135, 193-213
Database: Proquest Central
Abstract: Framing is the least well-developed central concept of prospect theory. Framing is both fundamental to prospect theory and remarkably underdeveloped in the prospect theory literature.
This paper focuses on the many subtypes and variations of framing: thematic vs. evaluative; successful vs. failed; productive vs. counterproductive; purposeful, structural and interactive framing;
counterframing; loss frames vs. gain frames; revolving framing vs. sequential framing; framing by a third party; and framing vs. priming. The bulk of the paper provides an analysis of framing and
framing effects in foreign policy settings with an emphasis on U.S. foreign policy. We highlight framing effects during the Cold War, the Persian Gulf War, the current ``war on terrorism'', and other
IR/foreign policy settings. Our examination highlights the extent to which presidents and other significant world leaders use framing to shape policy debates and national security choices.
• Globalization, American Power, and International Security
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=P
Author: Jonathan Kirshner
Journal: Political Science Quarterly. New York: Fall 2008. Vol. 123, Iss. 3; pg. 363, 27 pgs
Abstract: Kirshner considers the consequences of globalization for American power and international conflict more generally. He argues that the processes of globalization are affecting the
balance of power between states and creating new axes of international conflict. He posits that even though the United States is advantaged by globalization, the process also challenges some of
its own interests.
• Introduction: Eastphalia Emerging?: Asia, International Law, and Global Governance
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=P
Author: David P. Fidler
Journal: Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies. Bloomington: Winter 2010. Vol. 17, Iss. 1; pg. 1, 12 pgs
Database: Proquest Central
Abstract: The contributions represent a rich set of analyses that consider, among other things, conceptual implications for world affairs of Asia's rise to prominence; the importance of the behavior
of the Asian great powers-China, India, and Japan; the impact of Asian power and ideas on the future of high-profile post- Westphalian norms; and the response of key Asian states to challenges
presented by globalized problems. CONCLUSION The articles in this symposium provide much food for thought with respect to the potential impact of the rise of Asia on the structure of the
international system, the scope and substance of international law and global governance, and the sustainability of Asian influence, interests, and ideas in world affairs.
Journal Articles - Singapore and IR
Please find below some journal articles on Singapore and its management of IR. JSTOR is a good database within which to search for articles written in the Singapore context.
• Singapore and State Succession: International Relations and Internal Law
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: S. Jayakumar
Journal: The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Jul., 1970), pp. 398-423
Database: JSTOR
Extracted: The Republic of Singapore came into existence as an independent sovereign nation on August 9, 1969, when it seceded from Malaysia.
This article discusses the arrangements for succession to international rights and obligations and for continuity of internal laws consequent upon the relinquishment of the United Kingdom's
sovereignty over Singapore, its incorporation into Malaysia as a constituent unit of that federation and its subsequent unexpected secession and independence, all occurring within a short period
of two years.
• Constraints on Singapore's Foreign Policy
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Lee Boon Hiok
Journal: Asian Survey, Vol. 22, No. 6, Southeast Asia: Perspectives from ASEAN (Jun., 1982), pp. 524-535
Database: JSTOR
Though written several decades ago, this article provides a good run-down on how and why Singapore managed relations with other countries, as well as, how this would change with Singapore's
growth from a developing to a developed nation.
• Singapore's Foreign Policy Terrain
http://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicResults?hp=25&la=&wc=on&gw=jtx&jcpsi=1&artsi=1&Query=singapore+AND+%22international+relations%22&sbq=singapore+AND+%
22international+relations%22&si=76&jtxsi=76
Author: N. Ganesan
Journal: Asian Affairs, Vol. 19, No. 2 (Summer, 1992), pp. 67-79
Database: JSTOR
This article gives a good commentary of the various principles and considerations underlying Singapore's management of international relations. To a large extent, the notions of vulnerability and
survival characterises Singapore's foreign policies.
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Conflicts and Threats
Conflict in Action
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The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) Digital Archives has a section on war and conflict that contains many video and audio footages on various conflicts that took place in modern history.
View and hear first-hand accounts of these events.
Just do a search on the conflict of your choice - e.g., instead of "cold war", type in "second world war" if you are interested in the event.
world war 2 site:http://archives.cbc.ca/war_conflict/
Search
Overview
In the entirety of the world's history, the norm is one of war and conflict, rather than peace and stability. Conflict arises between nations, as well as between segments in a single nation. Self-interests
- of nations or groups - is perhaps the most commonly cited reason for conflicts. National interests, be this over territory, scarce resources, have resulted in such famous conflicts as the Iraq War, the
Britain-Iceland dispute, among others. Similarly, dismay and anger over denied rights and interests have led to conflicts within countries, such as is seen in the cases of the Tamil Tigers and the IRA.
Ideological differences is also a major cause of conflicts, the prime example of which is the Korean War, in part a war of communism against democracy. Differences in ideology can happen along
the lines of religion, as so dramatically evidenced by the terrorist acts of Al Qaeda and other extreme Islam groups.
This section of the resource guide contains recommendations pertaining to resources on the topic of war and conflict in general; the famous conflicts of the Gulf (1991) and Korean Wars (among
others), as well as, the phenomenon of transnational terrorism.
Books
Listed below are some books on war and conflicts. Books targeted at youths (easier-reading) are also included and are indicated by the letters "Y" and "J" at the head of the call numbers. Click on
the links for more information on where to get the books in NLB.
• War and conflict (what's that go to do with me?) by Anthony Lishak
Call Number: J 303.6 LIS
ISBN: 0749663995
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12644618London : Franklin Watts, 2005.
Using personal stories (child soldier, wartime scientists, pacifist, war veteran) to highlight the issues in war and conflict, this book aims to stimulate children into thinking about conflict from multiple
angles.
• The no-nonsense guide to conflict and peace by Helen Ware (ed.)
Call Number: English 303.66 NON
ISBN: 1904456421
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12806067Oxford, UK : ni, New Internationalist, 2006.
The 20th century was the most bloody in history with most wars now within rather than between states. This is an invaluable guide for students and peace groups as it examines the changing
types of war, including the war on terror and ethnic conflict such as in Rwanda, the role of diplomacy and the UN, and steps ordinary people are taking to rebuild communities. It offers ideas and
inspiration for creating lasting peace.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com/
• Graphing war and conflict by Andrew Solway
Call Number: J English 355.02 SOL
ISBN: 9780431033488
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13226853London : Heinemann Library, 2010.
What are Q-ships? Which country holds the largest number of nuclear weapons? What are some of the tactics used by guerilla fighters? Real World Data presents information about familiar
curricular topics through charts and graphs. Each title shows how to organize data in different visual forms, and how to interpret and create tables, line graphs, bar graphs, and pie charts (product
description).
• Leashing the dogs of war : conflict management in a divided world by Chester A. Crocker, Fen Osler Hampson, Pamela Aall.
Call Number: R English 327.172 LEA
ISBN: 9781929223961
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12935852Washington, D.C. : United States Institute of Peace Press, 2007.
This book looks at the sources of conflict, as well as, the different ways of managing conflict. The latter includes the use of deterrence and force; diplomacy and statecraft, international institutions,
among others.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com/
• War, peace and international relations : an introduction to strategic history by Colin S. Gray
Call Number: R English 355.0209 GRY
ISBN: 9780415386388
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12900738London ; New York : Routledge, 2007.
Spanning major wars of the past two centuries (WWI, WWII, Cold War), this book looks at the history of how force, or the threat of force, have influenced and shaped the world.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com
Journal Articles
Journal articles are often good reads for current developments, specific aspects of a topic, as well as, alternative perspectives of an issue from various players. The journal articles are from reputable
online databases in our eResources service, such as, JSTOR and Proquest. Read the Introduction section for more information on accessing these articles.
• How Are We to Think about the 'National Interest'?
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Luke Glanville
Journal: AQ: Australian Quarterly, Vol. 77, No. 4 (Jul. - Aug., 2005), pp. 33-37, 40
Database: JSTOR
National interest has often been used as a reason for taking up arms against another country. This article relooks the concept of national interest and its legitimacy as a precipitant of inter-state
conflict.
• Scarcity and Strategy
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Geoffrey Kemp
Source: Foreign Affairs, Vol. 56, No. 2 (Jan., 1978), pp. 396-414
Database: JSTOR
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Famous Conflicts
Conflict in Action
The Modern History Database Centre is a treasure trove when it comes to information on famous conflicts such as the Cold War, Korean War, Gulf War. It contains good summaries of the events
taken from enclopaedias, write-ups on the personalities involved in these conflicts, maps, video footages, as well as, other primary sources, among others.
The Modern History Database Centre is accessible via our eResources webpage. You just have to log in and conduct a search using keywords such as "cold war", "korean war', "gulf war 1991" etc.
Please find below a sampling of the resources available on the database.
• Cold War (1947-1991)
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Authors: Phillips, Charles, and Alan Axelrod
Source: Encyclopedia of Wars, vol. 1
• Rio Treaty
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Source: Encyclopedia of Historical Treaties and Alliances: From the 1930s to the Present, vol. 2.
Concluded in the early days of the cold war, the Pact of Rio set up an inter-American alliance against armed attack (pursuant to Article 51 of the united nations charter) and established
procedures to be followed in the event of other acts of aggression.
• Winston Churchill Delivers a Speech Recognizing "Iron Curtain" in Europe
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
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Source: The WPA Film Library
In March 1946, British prime minister Winston Churchill delivered a speech that recognized that an "Iron Curtain" had descended across Soviet-controlled areas in central and eastern Europe.
This imagery was soon recognized as a symbol for the Soviet Union's political and social isolationism, and it became an enduring philosophy of the cold war.
• Korean War
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Source: Encyclopedia of World History: The Contemporary World, 1950 to the Present, vol. 6.
Short summary on the Korean War
• Harry S. Truman Declares that UN Troops in Korea Are Intended to Keep Peace
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Source: The WPA Film Library
The Korean War threatened to lead to an outright war between the United States and China and the Soviet Union. In announcing that U.S. troops would fight in the war under United Nations (UN)
command, President Harry S. Truman declared that his intention was to preserve the post—World War II peace in the region.
• Matthew Ridgway Oversees UN Retreat from Seoul during Korean War
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Source: The WPA Film Library
After China entered the Korean War in late 1950, United Nations (UN) forces under U.S. command were forced to make a long southern retreat. Matthew Ridgway, who was promoted to head of
the Eighth Army after General Walton H. Walker was killed in an automobile accident, oversaw the retreat from Seoul. Ridgway's forces regained Seoul in March 1951, and President Harry S.
Truman announced that he would seek peace negotiations that divided the country at the 38th parallel.
• UN Soldiers Fight the Battle of Heartbreak Ridge during the Korean War
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Source: The WPA Film Library
The Battle of Heartbreak Ridge was one of the last major UN offensive strikes during the Korean War. The ridge was heavily fortified by North Korean troops, and it provided a strategic high point
over the surrounding valley. After taking Heartbreak Ridge, UN troops continued to move north toward China.
• Persian Gulf War
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Source: Encyclopedia of Wars, vol. 2
Summary of the 1990-1991 Gulf War.
• U.S. Military Attacks Iraqi Targets in Operation Desert Storm
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Source: The WPA Film Library
Snippets from Operation Desert Shield
• U.S. Navy Admiral Addresses Troops on the USS Saratoga Regarding Operation Desert Shield
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Source: The WPA Film Library
Format: WMV video file
Admiral brieeds his troops as to why they are going to war while using war rhetoric to boost troop morale at the same time.
Websites
• CBC Digital Archives - War and Conflict
http://archives.cbc.ca/war_conflict/
This site contains many video and audio clips on major conflicts in the recent past. These include the Cold War, Korean War, Gulf War (1991), among others - please look to the left side-bar of the
page.
• Frontline: The Gulf War
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/gulf/index.html
This website contains a whole wealth of resources pertaining to the Gulf War of 1990-1991. A product of the Public Broadcasting Service (U.S), you can find at the site transcripts of interviews
with important personalities, radio series of eye-witness accounts of the war, maps, and other information.
• GulfLINK
http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/
Extracted from website: GulfLINK was established in August 1995 to provide on-line access to medical, operational, and intelligence documents from the 1990-1991 Gulf War. Its purpose was
and is to provide Service members, veterans, and any interested person with information on what happened during that war that might have affected the health of those who served.
New Korean War?
On This Page...
On this page, we have recommended some resources on the more famous conflicts in modern world history. This ranges from the Cold War, the Korean War, to the Iraq War (of 1991), among
others.
Set in the larger context of the Cold War, the Korean War similarly represented conflict arising from ideological differences - communism vs. democracy (to put it simply). While actual military actions
took place only on the Asian peninsula, it involved major powers from both camps (i.e., the USSR, China, the USA, UK). The Korean War constitutes a good study on how major powers could be
brought into a localised conflict to defend their positions and the balance in the world ideological split. After half a century, repurcussions resulting from a divided Korea could still be felt via everpresent tensions and threats of force between the 2 Koreas.
The Gulf War, on the other hand, resulted from conflicts over scarce and valuable resources. Tensions exist between the 2 countries over the Bibiyan and Warbah islands, the Rumaila oilfield, as
well as, Kuwait's flooding of the market with oil supply. As such, while Saddam Hussein professed the Kuwaiti invasion to be in aid of revolutionaries seeking to free Kuwait from the ruling
government, it was apparent to many that the attack was based on Hussein's desire for possession of more resources. The U.S.A and other countries subsequently got involved due mainly also to
economic fears of an errant Iraq in control of so much precious resources.
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Books
Lis te d be lo- a re some boo. s on the Gulf / a r a nd the 0 ore a n / a r. 1 oo. s ta rge te d a t youths 2 e a sie r-re a ding3 a re a ls o include d a nd a re indica te d by the le tte rs 4 5 4 or 4 6 4 a t the he a d of the ca ll
numbe rs . 7 lic. on the lin. s for more informa tion on - he re to ge t the boo. s in NL1 .
8
9 he 7 old / a r : a : e ry short introduction by McMa hon, Robe rt 6 . 2 Robe rt 6 a me s3
7 a ll Numbe r: ; nglish < 0< .82= M> 7
IS 1 N: 01< 2801783
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=118= < < < = @ ? ford : @ ? ford A ni: e rsity P re ss , 2003.
7 a ta logue a nnota tion: 9 he ma s si: e dis orde r a nd e conomic ruin follo- ing the S e cond / orld / a r ine : ita bly pre de te rmine d the s cope a nd inte nsity of the 7 old / a r. 1 ut - hy did it la st s o long? > nd
- ha t impa ct did it ha : e on the A nite d S ta te s , the S o: ie t A nion, ; urope , a nd the 9 hird / orld? B ina lly, ho- did it a ffe ct the broa de r history of the se cond ha lf of the t- e ntie th ce ntury--- ha t - e re the
huma n a nd fina ncia l costs? 9 his C e ry S hort Introduction pro: ide s a cle a r a nd stimula ting inte rpre ti: e o: e r: ie - of the 7 old / a r, one tha t - ill both in: ite de ba te a nd e ncoura ge de e pe r
in: e s tiga tion.
8
9 he 7 old / a r : a ne - his tory by 6 ohn Le - is Ga ddis
7 a ll Numbe r: ; nglish 327.7301717 G> D
IS 1 N: 1= < 4200E 2<
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=12E 813E E Ne - 5 or. : P e nguin P re s s, c200= .
P ublishe r de scription: 1 e ginning - ith / orld / a r II a nd e nding - ith the colla pse of the S o: ie t A nion, this is a ne - a ccount of the s tra te gic dyna mics tha t dro: e the a ge , - ith portra its of its ma F or
pe rsona litie s a nd much fre s h insight into its mos t crucia l e : e nts . It conta ins much ne - informa tion dra - n from ne - ly ope ne d S o: ie t, ; a s t ; urope a n, a nd 7 hine se a rchi: e s.
8
9 he 0 ore a n - a r 2 ; s se ntia l G istorie s3 by 7 a rte r Ma l. a sia n
7 a ll Numbe r: 5 < = 1.< 042 M> L
IS 1 N: 1404218343
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=131782< 4Ne - 5 or. : Rose n P ub., c200< .
/ hile a s ma ll conflict in obF e cti: e te rms, the 0 ore a n / a r constitute d a pi: ota l point in the 7 old / a r. 9 his boo. a na lyse s ho- the - a r a ffe cte d the inte rna tiona l syste m a nd the ba la nce of po- e r
be t- e e n the A .S .> . a nd the A .S .S .R.
8
8
9 he - a r for 0 ore a , 1< = 0-1< = 1 : the y ca me from the north by > lla n R. Mille tt
7 a ll Numbe r: ; nglish < = 1.< 042 MIL
IS 1 N: < 780700E 170< 8
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=13= = 8= = 3> na rra ti: e a ccount of ho- the 0 ore a n / a r e : ol: e d from a loca l - a r to one in: ol: ing the globa l po- e rs of the A .S . a nd 7 hina .
Re thin. ing the 0 ore a n - a r by S tue c. , / illia m / hitne y,
7 a ll Numbe r: R ; nglish < = 1.< 0421 S 9 A
IS 1 N: 0E < 1088= 3=
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=11181737P rince ton, N.6 . : P rince ton A ni: e rs ity P re s s, c2002.
Incorpora ting a rchi: e docume nts from the thre e docume nts from A .S ., A .S .S .R., a nd 7 hina , this boo. pro: ide s a s ys te ma tic o: e r: ie - of the ba c. ground le a ding to the - a r, ma F or e : e nts in the
conflict, a s - e ll a s, re fle ction a nd a na lysis on the - a rH s implica tions for broa de r is sue s .
8
8
8
9 his . ind of - a r : the cla ss ic 0 ore a n / a r history by 9 . R. B e hre nba ch
7 a ll Numbe r: R ; nglish < = 1.< 042 B ; G
IS 1 N: 1= 74882= < 7
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=11384= 13/ a s hington, D .7 . I J Gre a t 1 rita inK : 1 ra s se yH s , 2001, c1< E 3.
7 ons ide re d a cla s sic his tory of the 0 ore a n / a r, this boo. re counts the conflict a s from the e ye s of those a t the frontline . Gi: ing a n a lmos t blo- -by-blo- a ccount, this boo. pre se nts the 0 ore a n
/ a r in a ll its confus ion, cha os , : a lour, a nd bra : e ry.
8
9 he Gulf / a r of 1< < 1 2 ; s se ntia l G istorie s 3 by > la s ta ir B inla nd
7 a ll Numbe r: 5 ; nglis h < = E .70442 B IN
IS 1 N: 041= < E 8= 2E
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=131782< 1Ne - 5 or. : Rose n P ub., c200< .
9 his boo. de s cribe s both @ pe ra tion D e s e rt S hie ld a nd @ pe ra tion D e s e rt S torm - the e : e nts le a ding to it, - a r s tra te gie s, a s - e ll a s, . e y pla ye rs in the conflict. 9 he globa l impa ct of the Gulf / a r is
a lso discuss e d. / ritte n for young a dults, this boo. cons titute s a n e a sy ye t compre he ns i: e re a d on the e : e nt.
9 he mothe r of a ll ba ttle s : S a dda m G uss e inH s s tra te gic pla n for the P e rs ia n Gulf / a r by 0 e : in M. / oods
7 a ll Numbe r: ; nglish < = E .70442 / @ @
IS 1 N: < 781= < 114< 422
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=133E 8802> nna polis, Md. : Na : a l Ins titute P re ss , c2008.
1 a se d on in-de pth re se a rch of a la rge a mount of officia l docume nts a nd s ource s 2 pre : iously unpublis he d, e : e n un. no- n3 , this boo. re : e a ls the pla nning tha t - e nt on be hind the Ira L i in: a s ion of
0 u- a it, the : a rious s ta ge s of the conflict, a s - e ll a s, pe rs pe cti: e s of the - a r from both s ide s of the line .
9 he comple te idiotH s guide to the Gulf / a r by 7 ha rle s 6 a co
7 a ll Numbe r: ; nglish < = E .70442 6 > 7
IS 1 N: 0028E 43240
http://e s e r: ice .nlb.go: .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=11370431India na polis , Ind. : > lpha I G e me l G e mpste a d : P re ntice G a ll, 2002.
D onH t F udge the boo. by the title M / ritte n 2 in a n e nga ging style 3 by a 7 NN F ourna lis t - ho co: e re d the - a r, this boo. cons titute s a good introductory te ? t to the Gulf / a r. 6 a co a ls o pos tula te s a bout
the conne ction be t- e e n the Gulf / a r a nd S e pt. 11.
P re : ie - a : a ila ble a t http://- - - .a ma N on.com.
Journal Articles
6 ourna l a rticle s a re ofte n good re a ds for curre nt de : e lopme nts, s pe cific a s pe cts of a topic, a s - e ll a s, a lte rna ti: e pe rs pe cti: e s of a n is sue from : a rious pla ye rs. 9 he F ourna l a rticle s a re from re puta ble
online da ta ba se s in our e Re source s se r: ice , s uch a s , 6 S 9 @ R a nd P roL ue s t. Re a d the Introduction s e ction for more informa tion on a cce ss ing the s e a rticle s .
8
S ource s of conflict o: e r oil in the P e rs ia n/> ra bia n Gulf
http://e re s ource s .nlb.go: .sg/bro- se .a s p? ? bro- s e _by=> -O &filte r1=6
> uthor: / ill D . S - e a ringe n 2 1< 813
6 ourna l: Middle ; a s t 6 ourna l, 3= 2 33 , 314-330
D a ta ba se : 6 S 9 @ R
8
8
P e rsia n Gulf / a r
http://e re s ource s .nlb.go: .sg/bro- se .a s p? ? bro- s e _by=> -O &filte r1=M
> uthors : P hillips, 7 ha rle s, a nd > la n > ? e lrod
6 ourna l: ; ncyclope dia of / a rs, : ol. 2
D a ta ba se : Mode rn / orld G istory @ nline
9 his a rticle conta ins a de ta ile d time line of the Ira L i-0 u- a it - a r a s it unfolde d. S ignifica nce of the - a r is a ls o brie fly discuss e d.
8
9 he gulf - a r a nd its a fte rma th
http://e re s ource s .nlb.go: .sg/bro- se .a s p? ? bro- s e _by=> -O &filte r1=6
> uthor: B re d G a llida y 2 1< < 13
6 ourna l: Inte rna tiona l > ffa irs, E 72 23 , 223-234
D a ta ba se : 6 S 9 @ R
> bstra ct: B re d G a llida y tra ce s the re a sons be hind S a dda mH s in: a s ion of 0 u- a it in > ugust 1< < 0 a nd dra - s out s ome of the politica l a nd se curity conse L ue nce s of the - a r a nd the ce a s e fire for the
Gulf sta te s a nd for the / e s te rn > llie s .
8
Gulf / a r: > diffe re nt : ie http://e re s ource s .nlb.go: .sg/bro- se .a s p? ? bro- s e _by=> -O &filte r1=6
> uthor: 0 a us hi. 1 ha tta cha rya
6 ourna l: ; conomic a nd P ublic / e e . ly, > pril E , 1< < 1
D a ta ba se : 6 S 9 @ R
> n India n s tude nt in the A S a nd his : ie - s on - hy the A .S . inte rfe re d in the Gulf / a r of 1< < 0.
8
> n unne ce ss a ry - a r
http://e re s ource s .nlb.go: .sg/bro- se .a s p? ? bro- s e _by=> -O &filte r1=6
> uthors : 6 ohn 6 . Me a rsche ime rI S te phe n M. / a lt
6 ourna l: B ore ign P olicy, 134 2 6 a n-B e b 20033 , pp = 0-= <
D a ta ba se : 6 S 9 @ R
> n a na lysis of Ira L P s pa st milita ry a tte mpts a t conL ue s t Q including the 8-ye a r Ira n-Ira L - a r, a nd its in: a s ion of 0 u- a it in 1< < 0. > uthors conclude tha t Ira L - a s in fa ct de te rra ble a nd tha t the A .S .
1 ush a dminis tra tion - a s - a ging a n unne ce s sa ry - a r a ga ins t Ira L .
Inte rna tiona l Re la tions 9 he ory a nd the S e cond 0 ore a n / a r
http://e re s ource s .nlb.go: .sg/bro- se .a s p? ? bro- s e _by=> -O &filte r1=6
> uthor: D a : id 7 . 0 a ng
Inte rna tiona l S tudie s R ua rte rly, C ol. 47, No. 3 2 S e p., 20033 , pp. 301-324
D a ta ba se : 6 S 9 @ R
> bstra ct: ; : e r since the first 0 ore a n - a r in 1< = 0, schola rs a nd policyma . e rs ha : e be e n pre dicting a s e cond one , sta rte d by a n in: a s ion from the North. / he the r s e e n a s a ris ing from pre : e nti: e ,
pre e mpti: e , de s pe ra tion, or s imple a ggre ss i: e moti: a tions, the pre domina nt pe rs pe cti: e in the - e st s e e s North 0 ore a a s li. e ly to instiga te conflict. 5 e t for fifty ye a rs North 0 ore a ha s not come
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close to starting a war. Why were so many scholars so consistently wrong about North Korea's intentions? Social scientists can learn as much from events that did not happen as from those that
did. The case of North Korea provides a window with which to examine these theories of conflict initiation, and reveals how the assumptions underlying these theories can become mis-specified.
Either scholars misunderstood the initial conditions, or they misunderstood the theory, and I show that scholars have made mistakes in both areas. Social science moves forward from clear
statement of a theory, its causal logic, and its predictions. However, just as important is the rigorous assessment of a theory, especially if the predictions fail to materialize. North Korea never had
the material capabilities to be a serious contender to the U.S.-ROK alliance, and it quickly fell further behind. The real question has not been whether North Korea would preempt as South Korea
caught up, but instead why North Korea might fight as it fell further and further behind. The explanation for a half-century of stability and peace on the Korean peninsula is actually quite simple:
deterrence works.
• From the Editor: Why Study the Korean War?
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Spencer C. Tucker
Journal: OAH Magazine of History, Vol. 14, No. 3 (Spring, 2000), pp. 3-5
An editorial foreword, this constitutes a brief and concise summary on the impact of the Korean War, in military, diplomatic, techonological aspects, among others.
• The United Nations and the Korean War: A Case Study
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Leland M. Goodrich
Journal: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 25, No. 2, United Nations: Success or Failure? (Jan., 1953), pp. 90-104
Database: JSTOR
This article analyses the courses of action taken by the United Nations and their effectiveness in the case of the Korean War
• Politics, Fish, and International Resource Management: The British-Icelandic Cod War
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Bruce Mitchell
Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 66, No. 2 (Apr., 1976), pp. 127-138
Database: JSTOR
• A Western Cold War: The Crisis in Iceland's Relations with Britain, the United States, and NATO, 1971-74.
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=E
Author: Valur Ingimundarson
Source: Diplomacy & Statecraft; Dec2003, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p94-136
Database: EBSCOHost Academic Search Premier
The article explores the crisis in Iceland's relations with the Western Alliance following a left-wing government's decisions, in 1971, to expand Iceland's fishery limits and to demand the withdrawal
of US military forces. This sparked a cod war with Britain and a diplomatic stand-off with the United States, with NATO in the middle. It analyzes the motives behind Iceland's behaviour especially the tension between a pro-Western foreign policy course and a domestic anti-Western nationalism -- the Western response within the context of alliance politics and the democratic
peace theory, and the role of international mediation and domestic political realignments in diffusing the crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
• Sino-Indian Border Dispute Reconsidered
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Neville Maxwell
Source: Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 34, No. 15 (Apr. 10-16, 1999), pp. 905-918
Database: JSTOR
Abstract: The Nehru government sought to decide for itself where India's borders with China should lie and then impose the alignments it had chosen on Beijing, refusing to negotiate them. That
meant that unless Beijing surrendered to India's territorial claims to Aksai Chin and areas north of the McMahon Line conflict was inevitable. China's military action in 1962 was reactive and preemptive, and that India suffered 'unprovoked aggression' is a self-serving myth. That there has been no settlement of the Sino-Indian borders is the consequence of Nehru's policies, to which
successor governments, except Narasimha Rao's, have strictly adhered.
• China and India: The Un-Negotiated Dispute
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Neville Maxwell
Source: The China Quarterly, No. 43 (Jul. - Sep., 1970), pp. 47-80
Database: JSTOR
This author attempts to examine why the Sino-India dispute over the Aksai China plateau was never resolved.
FP's Mideast Channel
The Middle East is a hot spot due to its rich oil resources and trategic geography. Please find below a (constantly updated) list of articles on ForeignPolicy.com on current developments in the Middle
Eastern region of the world.
FP's Mideast Blog
Listed below are the most current blog entries by ForeignPolicy bloggers on the Middle East region.
Back to Top
Terrorism
Terrorism
The concept of terrorism could be traced all the way back to the days of the French Revolution, when acts of terror were used by the then newly-established (and legitimate) revolutionary state to
quell counterrevolutionaries, thereby enabling it to consolidate its power. Since then, the concept of terrorism has undergone an evolution, referring at times to subversive activities conducted to
undermine current ruling powers (e.g., Narodnaya Volya in 1890s Russia), at times to repression tactics employed by totalitarian regimes to eliminate dissidents (e.g., Stalin’s “Great Terror”), and at
even other times to revolutionary efforts aiming to bring about freedom goals of certain nationalities or ethnicities (e.g., Tamil Tigers). Despite this, core elements of the terrorism concept remains
constant and can be best summed up by this definition by Hoffman (2005) – the “deliberate creation and exploitation of fear through violence or the threat of violence in the pursuit of political
change.”
Terrorism in the 21st century could not be discussed with mention of al-Qaeda and Osama bin Laden, who brought yet more dimensions into the scene.
“Here is the United States. It was filled with terror from its north to its south and from its east to its west. Praise be to God.”
With such words, Osama bin Laden brought religion into the equation, spurring proliferation of studies and research on the linkages between Islam and terrorism. Research on other aspects of the al
-Qaeda also put the spotlight on now de-riguer terrorism modus operandi such as effective usage of media for propaganda and recruitment purposes, soft targeting of the civilian masses, the
corporate running of the organisation to ensure sustainability of the terrorism campaign.
This section of the guide aims to point to resources that would enable you insight into the origins and evolution of terrorism, its impact and what has been, and can be done, to counter it. Resources
on Osama and al-Qaeda abound, of which some are included here. Last but not least, a large section of the resources recommended pertain to the issue of terrorism right here in our homeland of
Singapore.
Books
Listed below are some books on terrorism. Click on the links for more information on where to get the books in NLB.
• Inside terrorism by Bruce Hoffman
Call Number: English 303.625 HOF (also available as eBook in eBrary database via http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg)
ISBN: 0231126999
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?fn=search&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&dum=true&doc=MMS000925837&vl(freeText0)=inside%20terrorism%
20hoffman&srt=rank&vl(28379742UI1)=all_items&frbg=&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&vl(28379743UI0)=any&scp.scps=New York : Columbia University Press, c2006
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The Scholar-in-Residence for Counterterrorism during the period of 2004 and 2006 at the Central Intelligence Agency, Hoffman shows his stuff in this comprehensive book that informs one on
crucial aspects of the terrorism war today. This includes topics such as religious terrorism, suicide terrorism, terrorist organisations' use of media to influence public opinion, and other tactics and
strategies employed by them. Based on empirical cases and bringing in historical cases and research, this book constitutes an excellent introductory read on the subject.
• The Osama bin Laden I know: An oral history of al-Qaeda's leader by Peter L. Bergen
Call Number: English 303.625092 BER
ISBN: 0743278925
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12819809New York : Free Press, 2006.
To produce this tome, Bergen took 8 years to interview people (most of whom) had met Osama bin Laden first hand, as well as, pore through thousands of primary documents. While not
professing to answer all questions about the enigmatic Osama, what this book aims to achieve is a neutral, multi-faceted account of the personality and his organisation, as opposed to the
multitude of often demonised and one-sided accounts. By doing so, the authors hopes to enable a better understanding of what motivates Osama and (to a smaller extent) al-Qaeda followers.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com.
• The Secret History of al-Qa’ida by Abdel Bari Atwan
Call Number: English 303.625091767 ATW
ISBN: 0863567606
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12747181London : Saqi Books, 2006.
Like Bergen, Atwan has once met Osama face-to-face in 1996. His book is organised to look at different aspects including the jihad concept and the evolution of al-Qa'ida; suicide bombers and
martyrdom, the rise of cyber-jihadism, among others. This book is also written in an almost story-telling manner to make the information within accessible to most.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com.
• Terror on the Internet : the new arena, the new challenges by Gabriel Weimann
Call Number: English 363.325 WEI
ISBN: 9781929223718
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12708932Washington, D.C. : United States Institute of Peace Press, 2006.
Even terrorists use the Internet, extensively. This book gives a systematic rundown of how terrorists use the Internet - be this for spreading their propaganda, or for the more prosaic functions of
communications and research (among others). The book also analyses how real the threat of cyberterrorism is. Preview available at http://www.amazon.com.
• What terrorists want: Understanding the enemy, containing the threat by Louise Richardson
Call Number: English 363.325 RIC
ISBN: 0812975448
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12967461New York : Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2007.
On top of giving a review of terrorism, Richardson looks closely at the psyche of terrorists (revenge, renown, reaction) and the conditions that sustain their motivations. The book concludes with
suggestions on how and how not to engage terrorists.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com.
• Ending terrorism : lessons for defeating al-Qaeda by Audrey Kurth Cronin
Call Number: R English 303.625 CRO
ISBN: 9780415450621
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13046624Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge for the International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2008.
Based on examination of closing phases of historical terror campaigns, this Adelphi paper makes concise recommendations aimed at ending the terror campaign of al-Qaeda and related groups,
and moving the world toward the end goal of peace.
• The counter-terrorist handbook : the essential guide to self-protection in the 21st century by James H. Jackson, Robert Mountcastle, Edward Charles
Call Number: English 363.32 JAC
ISBN: 1843171406
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12590099London : Michael O'Mara, 2005.
Standing out from other terrorism literature that deals with heavy-duty issues from the national perspective, this book is meant for individuals interested in terrorism-proofing themselves. Advice is
also given on what to do when really caught in terrorist incidents.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com.
For The Young Ones
The reality of transnational terrorism is likely to carry from today's world to that of tomorrow. Many resources are thus created with the aim of educating children and youths on the terrorism issue, so
as to better prepare them to deal with a world fraught with conflict and fear. Please find listed below some easy-reading books written for a youth audience.
• The history of terrorism by Don Nardo
Call Number: Y English 363.32509 NAR
ISBN: 075654310X
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13569661Mankato, MN : Compass Point Books, c2010.
Discusses the use of terrorism throughout history, and examines the individuals and groups who have resorted to violent actions in order to generate fear (catalogue annotation).
• Terrorist groups by Michael Burgan
Call Number: Y English 363.325 BUR
ISBN: 0756543118
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13569687Mankato, MN : Compass Point Books, c2010.
This book contains information on various terrorist groups, such as, the Irish Republican Army, the Tamil Tigers, al-Qaida, among others.
• Global terrorism by Leonard Weinberg
Call Number: Y English 303.625 WEI
ISBN: 1851686088
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13178373New York : Rosen Pub., c2009.
Written in an easy-to-read manner, this book constitutes a good introduction to the history of terrorism and its evolution to the current state; the terrorists, as well as, what has been done to
combat terrorism.
Preview available at http://www.amazon.com
• September 11: A primary source history by Alan Wachtel
Call Number: Y English 973.931 WAC
ISBN: 9781433900488
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13174510Pleasantville, N.Y. : Gareth Stevens Pub., c2009.
September 11, 2001 was a day that changed Americaand the world. This book examines the terrorist attacks on the United States and events of the tragic day while providing firsthand accounts
from witnesses, first responders, and victims. Discover the heroic sacrifices firefighters and police officers made as they rushed into the burning buildings. Experience the difficult choices
government officials were faced with as they arrived on the scene and tried to make sense out of chaos. Finally, learn how the United States changed its laws to better protect its citizens in the
war against terror.
• Combating terrorism by J. M. Bedell
Call Number: Y English 363.32517 BED
ISBN: 0756543096
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13569640Mankato, MN : Compass Point Books, c2010.
This book talks about how countries have been combating terrorism. This includes both counter-terrorism (more on the offensive) and anti-terrorism (defensive) strategies.
• Terrorism by Debra A. Miller
Call Number: Y English 363.325 MIL
ISBN: 9781420500516
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13094306Detroit : Lucent Books, c2008.
Apart from introducing the topic of terrorism and and terrorists, this book also looks at the impact and consequences of terrorist acts. Maps, charts, and study questions are provided to stimulate
research and discussion on the topic.
• What makes a terrorist? by Shelley Tougas
Call Number: Y English 363.32511 TOU
ISBN: 0756543126
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13569704Mankato, MN : Compass Point Books, c2010.
This whole book is devoted to looking at the terrorists - their personality traits, the role of religion in their decisions, their socio-economic status, among others.
Journal Articles
Journal articles are often good reads for current developments, specific aspects of a topic, as well as, alternative perspectives of an issue from various players. The journal articles are from reputable
online databases in our eResources service, such as, JSTOR and Proquest. Read the Introduction section for more information on accessing these articles.
• Major acts of terrorism (1946-2008)
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=M
Database: Modern World History Online
Chart listing major terrorism acts around the world from 1946 to 2008. Use of terrorism as an act of war increased around late 20th century and beginning 21st century.
http://libguides.nl.sg/print_content.php?pid=120134&sid=1034438&mode=g
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• Transnational terrorism and the al Qaeda model: Confronting new realities
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=P
Author: Paul J. Smith
Journal: Parameters, 32(2), 33-46
Database: Proquest Central
Al Qaeda's attack on the United States on 11 September 2001 was a major turning point in the evolution of international terrorism. Al Qaeda represents the worst that globalization has to offer.
The lesson to be learned from al Qaeda is that terrorist groups can now exist in a transnational milieu, divorced from state-driven constraints. Even if we witness the demise of al Qaeda, we are
not likely to witness the demise of its model (abstract).
• The Biopolitics of the War on Terror: A Critique of the 'Return of Imperialism' Thesis in International Relations
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Julian Reid
Journal: Third World Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 2 (2005), pp. 237-252
Database: JSTOR
Abstract: The 'war on terror' is widely regarded as instigating a major regression within the development of the international system. Processes of globalisation are being challenged, it is argued,
by a reassertion of the sovereign power of nation-states, most especially the USA. In more overt terms this regression is represented as a 'return' of a traditional form of imperialism. This 'return of
imperialism' thesis challenges the claims of theories developed during the 1990s which concentrate on the roles of deterritorialisation and the development of biopolitics in accounting for the
constitution of the contemporary international order. In contrast this paper seeks to detail the important respects in which biopolitical forces of deterritorialisation continue to play an integral role
within the strategies of power that make the war on terror possible. Rather than understanding the war on terror as a form of 'regression' it is necessary to pay heed to the complex intertwinings
that continue to bind sovereign and biopolitical forms of power in the 21st century. Such an understanding is urgent in that it provides for different grounds from which to reflect on the processes
by which international order is currently being reconstituted and to help think about how to engage in reshaping them.
In the News!
Listed below are some newspaper articles on terrorism. Please note that, due to the publication time periods of these articles, they can only be accessed onsite at the libraries.
• Global terror needs local efforts
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes20021105.2.23.4&sessionid=7e6024bd45ef4955be5d363e4e9b10f8&keyword=Al-Qaeda+fear+factor
Source: The Straits Times, 5 November 2002, Page 15
Database: NewspaperSG
Apart from the al Qaeda, article states that new threat comes also from constituent members of the International Islamic Front. Article discussed briefly the motivation driving these terrorists with
some advice for local governments to combat this transnational threat.
• Are Arabs now convinced this is about them?
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes20030523.2.32.1&sessionid=7e6024bd45ef4955be5d363e4e9b10f8&keyword=Al-Qaeda+fear+factor
Source: The Straits Times, 23 May 2003, Page 24
Database: NewspaperSG
Compared to more difficult targets like Europe and the U.S., author discussed how al Qaeda might hit on “soft” targets such as Morocco and Saudi Arabia – “the soft underbelly of the antiterrorism front”.
• How Al-Qaeda lit the Bali fuse
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes20030713.2.53.8&sessionid=323ce427e94d4cd09299b6061fa0ecee&keyword=the+case+against+jemaah+islamiyah
Source: The Straits Times, 13 July 2003, Page 38
Database: NewspaperSG
• FEAR FACTOR in the US
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes20050711.2.34.9.1&sessionid=7e6024bd45ef4955be5d363e4e9b10f8&keyword=Al-Qaeda+fear+factor
Source: The Straits Times, 11 July 2005, Page 16
Database: NewspaperSG
Fear in the United States increased after al Qaeda successfully executed the 7 July bombling in London – a city whose security systems and experience in dealing with terrorism was superior to
that of the U.S.'s. Implications of the successful attack is also discussed.
• 'You will be our targets'
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes20050903.2.5.5&sessionid=4693065414944adb9f3e079ab1e30530&keyword=%22you+will+be+our+targets%22
Source: The Straits Times, 3 September 2005, Page 4
Database: NewspaperSG
Video-grab of a July 7 London suicide bomber, accompanied by a chilling rhetoric of violence and bloodshed
• Al-Qaeda losing its fear factor
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes20051205.2.31.3&sessionid=8b77746da703442097c91d1a55c18b17&keyword=%22losing+its+fear+factor%22
Source: The Straits Times, 5 December 2005, Page 24
Database: NewspaperSG
Article talks about how the post-911 al-Qaeda linked bombings are generating less terror and also getting less media attention.
• Terror In Mumbai: Attacks tested India's TV-news channels --- Live coverage baring commando positions raised security fears
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=F
Source: The Wall Street Journal Europe, 1 December 2008
Database: Factiva
Reactions to media coverage of the Mumbai attacks, including security concerns raised the airing of live TV footage of security forces.
• Mumbai attacks refocus U.S. cities; Police fear assault is new terror model
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=F
Source: USA Today, 5 December 2008
Database: Factiva
Fearing new model of terrorist acts against soft targets (luxury hotels, shopping centres), cities in the U.S.A. stepped up vigilance after the Mumbai attacks.
Websites
• Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism
http://www.state.gov/s/ct/
"The primary mission of the Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism (S/CT) is to forge partnerships with non-state actors, multilateral organizations, and foreign governments to advance the
counterterrorism objectives and national security of the United States. Working with our U.S. Government counterterrorism team, S/CT takes a leading role in developing coordinated strategies to
defeat terrorists abroad and in securing the cooperation of international partners."
• CIA & the War on Terrorism
https://www.cia.gov/news-information/cia-the-war-on-terrorism/index.html
Terrorism in Singapore
Even as way far back as 1965, Singapore has had it's fair share of terrorist activities, from the bombing of the MacDonald House during the tense period of the Indonesian Confrontasi to the terrorist
plots hatched by the Jemaah Islamiyah in 2001. Listed below are links to Singapore Infopedia articles providing more information on these terrifyingly-real events in Singapore's history.
• Wednesday, Mar 10, 1965: MacDonald House Bombing
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_62_2004-12-17.html
A bomb exploded on 10 March 1965 at 3:07pm in the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Building known as MacDonald House. The MacDonald House bomb explosion killed three people and injured
33 others....
• Thursday, Jan 31, 1974: Laju Hijacking
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1372_2009-01-15.html
On 31 January 1974, four terrorists armed with submachine guns and explosives attacked the Shell Oil Refinery on Pulau Bukom Besar, an island south of mainland Singapore...
• Sunday, Mar 17, 1985 to Sunday, Dec 21, 1986: Faber House Explosions
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1546_2009-07-17.html
Faber House, a 12-storey office building along Orchard Road, would be remembered by some as the site of two explosions in the mid-1980s...
• Tuesday, Mar 26, 1991: Hijacking of SQ117
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_834_2004-12-30.html
On 26 March 1991, Singapore Airlines Flight SQ117 was hijacked at 10:15 pm. The Airbus, carrying 118 passengers and eleven crew members...
• Monday, Oct 1, 2001: Jemaah Islamiyah’s bomb plot
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1411_2009-01-20.html
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In . ctobe r 2001, s ome S inga pore me mbe rs of a re giona l Is la mic milita nt group / no0 n a s 1 e ma a h Isla miya h or 1 I - me a ning 2 Isla mic 3 ommunity2 - be ga n pla nning a bomb a tta c/ on s pe cific
ta rge ts in S inga pore .
Singapore: Touched by Terrorism
. n the home front, S inga pore fights he r o0 n ba ttle a ga inst te rrorism.
4
5 i6 a c/ 7 : S 8 117 - 9 he untold story by S umi/ o 9 a n
3 a ll Numbe r: S ING : nglis h 364.1; 409 ; 9 ; 7 9 = N
http://e s e r> ice .nlb.go> .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=6060630S inga pore : 5 e ine ma nn = s ia , 19 9 1.
9 his boo/ te lls ths s tory of the hi6 a c/ ing of S 8 117, a nd ho0 it de monstra te d to the 0 orld S inga pore @ s ca pa bilitie s in de a ling 0 ith te rroris m.
4
9 he fight a ga ins t te rror: S inga pore @ s na tiona l s e curity stra te gy by S inga pore : Na tiona l S e curity 3 oordina tion 3 e ntre , c2004
3 a ll Numbe r: S ING : nglis h 3; ; .0330; 9 ; 7 A IG
http://e s e r> ice .nlb.go> .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=123; 81369 his thin > olume outline s the te rroris t thre a t tha t S inga pore fa ce s , a s 0 e ll a s , stra te gie s the country ha s a dopte d to counte r this
thre a t. 9 his publica tion is a lso a > a ila ble online a t the MINB : A 0 e bs ite C 0 0 0 .minde f.go> .sgD E E Re s ource s E E e -F oo/ s.
4
1826 da ys: = dia ry of re sol> e : S e curing S inga pore since 9 /11 by Na tiona l S e curity 3 oordina tion S e cre ta ria t
3 a ll Numbe r: S ING : nglis h 3; ; .0330; 9 ; 7 . N:
http://e s e r> ice .nlb.go> .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=1279 6363P ublishe d in 2006, this boo/ re cords S inga pore @ s e fforts a t me e ting the thre a t of te rrorism. S tra te gie s include inte rna tiona l
coope ra tion, commmunity e nga ge me nt, simula tion e ? e rcise s , a mong othe rs .
4
G inning a ga inst te rrorism - S pe e che s by Goh 3 ho/ 9 ong by Goh 3 ho/ 9 ong
3 a ll Numbe r: : nglish 303.62; G. 5
http://e s e r> ice .nlb.go> .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=12334210S inga pore H : Minis try of Informa tion, 3 ommunica tions a nd the = rts , c2004.
= s e rie s of s pe e che s by our S e nior Ministe r Goh 3 ho/ 9 ong on pre > e nting te rroris m.
4
A ighting te rrorism : the S inga pore pe rs pe cti> e
3 a ll Numbe r: S ING : nglis h 303.62; 08829 709
http://e s e r> ice .nlb.go> .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p?
Is la m a nd the conce pt of 1 iha d, the impa ct of 1
4
by = bdul 5 a lim F in I a de r
; 9 ; 7 A I3
? bid=129 0; 1279 his is a colle ction of e s sa ys a bout the thre a t of te rrorism, ma ny s e t in the conte ? t of S inga pore . S pe cific topics co> e re d include the
e ma a h Is la miya h, suicide bombing, a mong othe rs.
A ight te rrorism? : B on@ t 6 o/ e 7 by S inga pore : Na tiona l S e curity 3 oordina tion S e cre ta ria
3 a ll Numbe r: : nglish 303.62; 09 ; 9 ; 7 A IG
http://e s e r> ice .nlb.go> .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=13173260S inga pore : Na tiona l S e curity 3 oordina tion S e cre ta ria t, P rime Ministe r@ s . ffice , 2008
P re se nte d in comic-s trip style , this publica tion is a bout ho0 S inga pore a ns ca n be in> ol> e d in counte r-te rroris m.
9 he P B A ca n a ls o be do0 nloa de d from the S inga pore J nite d site - http://0 0 0 .singa pore unite d.s g/ce p/inde ? .php/cluste r/Re source s/P ublica tions/A ight-9 e rroris m-B on-t-1 o/ e 7 /C cluste rD /M5 = .
In The News!
4
9 : RR. R F . MF I ILLS 2 GIRLS a t F = NI
http://ne 0 s pa pe rs .nl.sg/B igitis e d/= rticle .a s p? ? a rticle id=s tra itstime s 19 6; 0311.2.3&se s sionid=f8; 7d1a c7c; 64f03a d9 6e f4449 0; f9 ; 4&/ e y0 ord=K 22ma cdona ldL house K
22&se a rch=a d> a nce d&fromda te =&toda te =&a rticle s=1&a d> e rtise me nts =0&illustra tions =1&le tte rs =1&obitua rie s=0&mis ce lla ne ous =1&ne 0 s pa pe r9 itle s =da ilya d> e rtise rK 2ce a ste rnda ilyK
2cma la ya ns a tpos tK 2cmidda yhe ra ldK 2csingchronicle K 2csingda ilyne 0 s K 2csing0 e e / he ra ldK 2csto> e rla ndK 2cstra its a d> oca te K 2cs tra itschinhe ra ldK 2cs tra itse ura s ia nK 2cs tra itsma ilK
2cs tra itsobs e r> e rK 2cstra its te le gra phK 2cs tra itstime s K 2cs t0 e e / lyK 2c0 e e / lysun&fuM M ys e a rch=. ff
S ource : 9 he S tra its 9 ime s , 11 Ma rch 19 6; , P a ge 1
B a ta ba se : Ne 0 s pa pe rS G
F ombing a t the Ma cdona ld 5 ous e ma de he a dline s .
4
G a rning follo0 s libra ry bomb sca re
http://ne 0 s pa pe rs .nl.sg/B igitis e d/= rticle .a s p? ? a rticle id=s tra itstime s 19 6; 0312.2.2&se s sionid=8f8439 dca 2; 9 4027b03e 8cc677c9 6e 7a &/ e y0 ord=K 22ma cdona ldL hous e K
22&se a rch=a d> a nce d&fromda te =&toda te =&a rticle s=1&a d> e rtise me nts =0&illustra tions =1&le tte rs =1&obitua rie s=0&mis ce lla ne ous =1&ne 0 s pa pe r9 itle s =da ilya d> e rtise rK 2ce a ste rnda ilyK
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S ource : 9 he S tra its 9 ime s , 12 Ma rch 19 6; , P a ge 1
B a ta ba se : Ne 0 s pa pe rS G
9 he a uthoritie s 0 a rn a ga ins t e fforts to ca pita lis e on the fe a r ca us e d by the Ma cB ona ld 5 ous e bombing. = rticle a ls o conta ins firs t-ha nd a ccounts from pe ople pre s e nt a t the s ce ne 0 he n the
e ? plos ion too/ pla ce .
4
S 0 ift a nd pre cise ope ra tion
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S ource : 9 he S tra its 9 ime s , 9 No> e mbe r 19 9 1, P a ge 27
B a ta ba se : Ne 0 s pa pe rS G
= rticle de s cribe s in brie f the hi6 a c/ ing of S 8
simula tion e ? e rcise s a nd pla nning.
4
117 a s it unfolde d. . ffice rs a nd s ta ff-on-duty 0 e re comme nde d for the ir re s olute a ctions a nd cool-he a de d de cis ion-ma / ing, ma de pos sible by re gula r
MP ca lls for ca lm in N is hun
http://ne 0 s pa pe rs .nl.sg/B igitis e d/= rticle .a s p? ? a rticle id=s tra itstime s 20020121.2.26.10&s e ss ionid=88c6fb4e de 224a 10833cb26f2882d19 3&/ e y0 ord=MP L ca lls L forL ca lmL inL yishun
S ource : 9 he S tra its 9 ime s , 21 1 a nua ry 2002, P a ge 4
B a ta ba se : Ne 0 s pa pe rS G
MP ca lle d for S inga pore a ns to ma inta in ca lm in the fa ce of te rrorist thre a ts . . ne le ss on to be le a rne d is the ne e d for be tte r unde rsta nding be t0 e e n me mbe rs of diffe re nt e thnic groups so a s to
pre > e nt pa ra noia a nd pa nic.
4
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a rticle id=s tra itstime s 20020; 31.2.37.4&s e ss ionid=316f7da e 3c4e 4a ba b86e f3a f6; e 31d4e &/ e y0 ord=6 e ma a h&se a rch=a d> a nce d&fromda te =20020; 31&toda te =20020; 31&a rticle s=1&a d> e rtise me nts =1&illus tra tions=1&le tte rs
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S ource : 9 he S tra its 9 ime s , 31 Ma y 2002, P a ge 2
B a ta ba se : Ne 0 s pa pe rS G
= rticle de s cribe s police ope ra tions le a ding up to the a rre s ts of 1 e ma a h Is la miya h me mbe rs pla nning te rrorist a cti> itie s in S inga pore . F rie f 0 rite -up on 1 I a lso pro> ide d.
S inga pore s a ys s orry for e sca pe
http://e re s ource s .nlb.go> .sg/bro0
S ource : = s socia te d P re ss Ne 0 s 0
B a ta ba se : A a cti> a
Mr G ong I a n S e ng, Ministe r of 5
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se .a s p? ? bro0 s e _by== -O &filte r1=A
ire s
ome = ffa irs , a pologise d for the e sca pe of Ma s S e la ma t.
= young Muslim@ s a gony
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S ource : 9 he S tra its 9 ime s , 20 . ctobe r 2002, P a ge 30
B a ta ba se : Ne 0 s pa pe rS G
= rticle a ls o a > a ila ble on microfilm re e l NL24740 a t Le > e l 11 of Le e I ong 3 hia n Re fe re nce Libra ry.
= muslim 6 ourna lis t 0 ith 9 he S tra its 9 ime s de s cribe s his inte rna l conflict a s he re e > a lua te s his ide ntity a s a Mus lim but re 6 e cts te rroris t a cts of e ? tre me Is la mis t groups.
Others
4
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G hite pa pe r P 9 he 1 e ma a h Isla miya h a rre sts a nd the thre a t of te rroris m
http://0 0 0 .mha .go> .s g/publica tion_de ta ils .a s p? ? pa ge id=3; &cid=3; 4
P ublishe d by: S inga pore Ministry of 5 ome = ffa irs
9 he te rroris t thre a t to S inga pore @ s la nd tra ns porta tion infra structure : = pre limina ry e nQ uiry http://e s e r> ice .nlb.go> .sg/ite m_holding_s .a s p? ? bid=12836627
= uthor: = da m B olni/
3 a ll Numbe r: RS ING : nglish 363.3209 ; 9 ; 7 B . L
9 his IB S S 0 or/ ing pa pe r brie fly a na lys e s the sta te of te rroris t thre a t a nd public a 0 a re ne ss , pote ntia l impa ct of te rrorist a cts , a nd fina lly, pre > e nti> e me a s ure s in the conte ? t of S inga pore @ s la nd
tra ns port syste m.
F a c/ to 9 op
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Singapore's Deterrence Strategy
Working Papers
The Australian National University's Strategic and Defence Studies Centre (SDSC) produces many working papers on regional and global security. Many of these can be downloaded from their site,
while others are available in print form at the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library.
• Singapore's defence policy in the new millennium (working paper no. 322)
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=9082713
Author: Andrew Tan
Source: SDSC Working Paper Series
Call Number: R English 355.03305957 TAN
This study assesses Singapore's military build-up since 1965, and seeks to understand the trends in this build-up, its probable future directions and its implications. (extracted from paper)
• From 'poisonous shrimp' to 'porcupine' :An analysis of Singapore's defence posture change in the early 1980s (working paper no. 397)
http://ips.cap.anu.edu.au/sdsc/working_papers.php
Author: Pak Shun Ng
Source: SDSC Working Paper Series
Also available at the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library at call number RSING 355.03305957 NG
This paper analyses the defense strategy of Singapore in the 1980s, focusing also on the communications strategies utilised by the government in declaring it's defense position.
• Arming the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) : trends and implications (CP153)
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12224095
Author: Bilveer Singh
Source: SDSC (Canberra papers on strategy and defence)
Call Number: English 355.8095957 BIL
This paper does not attempt to deal with issue of "arms race" in the region, something already dealt with extensively. Instead, it aims to trace the trend of recent arms procurements of Singapore
and discuss its implications. This paper also describes that, far from being merely a modernisation exercise, Singapore's arms procurement programmes are part of a concerted effort to enhance
its defensive and offensive capacities, especially in the face of heightening tensions in the region. What are the implications for Singapore and Malaysia as both countries become more heavily
armed with advanced weaponry? How will the "precarious balance" be managed? How will this interactive arms-relationship end? This paper aims to explore the essence of these questions and
hopes to serve as an update to the existing literature on the Singapore military build-up. (extracted from paper)
In the News!
Newspaper articles often constitutes a narrative of the event/incident even as it is unfolding in time. As such, these could provide an interesting counterpoint to subseqeuent analytical pieces found in
books and journals.
• Spore to have a People's Defence Force
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19651220.2.30&sessionid=e81aee01ac4f4583b87481205d572c61&keyword=%22people%27s+defence+force%
22&search=advanced&fromdate=19651001&todate=19651231&articles=1&advertisements=0&illustrations=1&letters=1&obituaries=0&miscellaneous=1&newspaperTitles=dailyadvertiser%
2ceasterndaily%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%
2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off
Source: The Straits Times, 20 December 1965, Page 7
Database: NewspaperSG
SINGAPORE is to have a Peoples Defence, Force patterned along the same lines as the State's professional military forces...
• Army training for new civil servants
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19661130.2.2&sessionid=5c54a731336d40f890bf88f0addd8408&keyword=singapore+%22national+service%
22&search=advanced&fromdate=19660101&todate=19681231&articles=1&advertisements=1&illustrations=1&letters=1&obituaries=1&miscellaneous=1&newspaperTitles=dailyadvertiser%
2ceasterndaily%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%
2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off
Source: The Straits Times, 30 November 1966, Page 1
Database: NewspaperSG
All new employees of Government and statutory bodies who are of military age are required to....
• National Service In Singapore
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19670228.2.74.2&sessionid=ae80f007775342fc823d4fb871f5533a&keyword=%22national+service%
22&search=advanced&fromdate=19670201&todate=19671231&articles=1&advertisements=0&illustrations=1&letters=1&obituaries=0&miscellaneous=1&newspaperTitles=dailyadvertiser%
2ceasterndaily%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%
2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off
Source: The Straits Times, 28 February 1967, Page 10
Databse: NewspaperSG
The national service scheme to be introduced by the Singapore Government seems well-adapted to the island's circumstances. All 18-yearolds are to be called up, the majority for part-time
service in the Peoples Defence Force, the Special Constabulary and the Vigilante Corps....
• A National Priority
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19670316.2.70.1&sessionid=e0ce15e7031a4fc492c537fb662a43c0&keyword=%22national+priority%
22&search=advanced&fromdate=19670101&todate=19670331&articles=1&advertisements=1&illustrations=1&letters=1&obituaries=1&miscellaneous=1&newspaperTitles=dailyadvertiser%
2ceasterndaily%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%
2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off
Source: The Straits Times, 16 March 1967, Page 10
Database: NewspaperSG
Article muses on the need for National Service
• A Time Of Trial: British Military Withdrawal
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?
articleid=straitstimes19680118.2.85&sessionid=770c9cbb6c8145498f2f9c12e45f7ed0&keyword=britain+full+withdrawal&search=advanced&fromdate=19680101&todate=19680131&articles=1&advertisements=0&illustratio
2ceasterndaily%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%
2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off
Source: The Straits Times, 18 January 1968, Page 10
Database: NewspaperSG
The blow has fallen, as hurtful as it was expected to be. In the next four years, the British are withdrawing their forces from Asia....
• Defending ourselves
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19680605.2.64&sessionid=4b56456b8bf646d8840ead665db800ef&keyword=%22defending+ourselves%22+AND+British
Source: The Straits Times, 5 June 1968, Page 10
Database: NewspaperSG
A run though of Malaysia and Singapore’s defence capabilities as the British prepared to leave.
• How SAF and NS began: Dr Goh
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19920630.2.29.5&sessionid=31db357a1b924b6f9e1e18ce69859c1f&keyword=How+SAF+and+NS+began
Source: The Straits Times, 30 June 1992, Page 19
Database: NewspaperSG
Dr Goh Keng Swee, the then Minister of the Interior and Defence, tells the Straits Times what went into the crafting of Singapore’s defence force (extracted from article).
• Count us in
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?
articleid=straitstimes19840226.2.4&sessionid=31937c28ccfc4661a3be3142492c0d75&keyword=count+us+in&search=advanced&fromdate=19840226&todate=19840226&articles=1&advertisements=1&illustrations=1&lette
2ceasterndaily%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%
2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off
Source: The Straits Times, 26 February 1984, Page 1
Database: NewspaperSG
Tremendous support shown by the business community for Total Defence- “If the enemy comes, hopefully not, everything will be gone as we experienced in the last war.”
• An all-out defence plan
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19840501.2.40&sessionid=92f66176a213447283daf538739a48c6&keyword=%22defence+plan%
22&search=advanced&fromdate=19840501&todate=19840501&articles=1&advertisements=1&illustrations=1&letters=1&obituaries=1&miscellaneous=1&newspaperTitles=dailyadvertiser%
2ceasterndaily%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%
2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off
Source: The Straits Times, 1 May 1984, Page 20
Database: NewspaperSG
An interview with Mr Lim Siong Guan (then first PS for defence) on why we need Total Defence.
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• T. F. Hwang takes you down Memory Lane
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?
articleid=straitstimes19841208.2.44&sessionid=6599d78b0d4e4253badc04ac811fe3c4&keyword=T.+F.+Hwang+takes+you+down+Memory+Lane&search=advanced&fromdate=19841208&todate=19841208&articles=1&a
2ceasterndaily%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%
2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off
Source: The Straits Times, 8 December 1984, Page 24
Database: NewspaperSG
Man thinks back upon the past as he looks upon Total Defence- “Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty”.
• Students hear of the five enemies within us
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?
articleid=straitstimes19851212.2.25.32&sessionid=6dcbce6abd694a53b657e3183c7255bb&keyword=Students+hear+of+the+five+enemies+within+us
Source: The Straits Times, 12 December 1985, Page 17
What is Total Defence fighting against? The five enemies within us ourselves – apathy, complacency, dependency, selfishness, and the barriers of race, religion, culture and language.
• The science of Singapore's defence
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes20021006.2.59.8&sessionid=cbeecd72ac99467c875ebf2aff3b925a&keyword=How+SAF+and+NS+began
Source: The Straits Times, 6 October 2002, Page 40
Database: NewspaperSG
*As this article was published after 1989, it can only be accessed onsite at NLB libraries.
As DSO National Laboratories celebrated its 30th anniversary in 2002, an interview with Mr Quek Tong Boon, its then-CEO, traced the organisation to its beginnings, and highlighted some of the
work it was then carrying out.
Singapore's Deterrence Strategy
Like many countries, Singapore has adopted a two-pronged approach to managing international relations - a national security of deterrence supported by diplomacy. In the early days, where most
people in Singapore had felt this "little red dot" to be indefensible, the country's founding fathers had insisted on the contrary. Singapore's deterrence strategy comprises the 3 main pillars of the
citizen armed force, the Total Defence framework, as well as, the defence industries.
The citizen armed force was realised by the implementation of the National Service in 1967 (passing of the National Service bill). The NS system was perceived as the best possible option in the
creation of an effective armed force, given the constraints posed by Singapore's limited manpower and economic resource. In addition, having the men return for re-training ensured that a majority of
the Singapore population remains combat-ready, thereby minimising compromises to Singapore's defensibility. While initial fears that conscripting male school-leavers, who otherwise would have
constituted employable resources, would create adverse economic impact were laid to rest, the irritation and irksome-ness toward NS as held by the general population took a longer time to wear off.
Complaints abounded from both NSmen and their parents, with many who tried ways to dodge the system. This was especially so during the 1970s when the booming economy reminded the
populace of missed economic oppotunities endured by those who had to be conscripted. Since then, defence in Singapore has come a long way with the establishment of credible armed forces of
the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
A major pillar of Singapore's defence strategy is the defence industries. From 1967 to 1974. the development of Singapore's defence industries was sporadic with opportunistic set-up of defence
companies to fill the vacuum left by the withdrawal of the British troops. The establishment of Sheng-Li (meaning victory in Chinese) Holdings in 1974 marked the start of more coordination and
direction in the defence industries' development. Subsequent reorganisations have led to the current set-up where Singapore Technologies Engineering (comprising ST Aerospace, ST Kinetics, ST
Marine, ST Electronics) is the major defence company working closely with the SAF on the supply of military equipment. A very important component of defence industries lies in research and
development activities and these are looked after by the Defence Science Organisation (DSO) National Laboratories.
This section recommends resources that provide information on events and entities related to Singapore's defence plans and strategies, as well as, their development over the years.
Books Books Books
Click on the links for more information on where to get the books in NLB.
• The defence of Malaysia and Singapore : the transformation of a security system, 1957-1971 by Chin Kin Wah
Call Number: RSING English 355.0330595 CHI
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13352718Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2009.
This book was first published in 1983 and examines the evolving of Singapore's and Malaysia's defence situations (from the Anglo-Malayan Defence Arrangement to the looser Five Power
Defence Arrangement) as impacted by the interests of their allies - Britain, Australia and New Zealand.
• Defending the Lion City : the Armed Forces of Singapore by Tim Huxley
Call Number: SING English 355.3095957 HUX
ISBN: 1865081183
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=10074705St Leonards, N.S.W. : Allen & Unwin, c2000.
While this 2000 publication might be outdated in some aspects, it provides comprehensive information on the history and evolution of Singapore's military forces and defence industries. There is
also a chapter that looks at Singapore's defence strategy, given the threats that abounded.
• Our security, 1819-1969 : nation-building through service in the armed forces and the police
Call Number: R SING English 355.22 SIN
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=4981256Singapore : Printed by the Govt. Print. Off., 1969.
Published as accompanying information to a "Forces Exhibition" in 1969, this booklet brings one through the volunteer heritage of Singapore's security forces to their development into
professional armed forces, at times due to necessity as precipitated by crisis times (e.g., WWII, the Confrontation).
• The Singapore Armed Forces by Martin Choo
Call Number: SING English 355.0095957 SIN
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=4078717Singapore : Public Affairs Dept., Ministry of Defence, 1981.
Published in 1981, this book contained information on the state of the SAF at that point in time and the challenges perceived to be ahead. What might be of more interest though would be the brief
but comprehensive history of the SAF since 1967.
• SAF and 30 years of National Service by Mickey Chiang
Call Number: English 355.22 CHI
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=8780846Singapore : Armour Publishing for MINDEF Public Affair, c1997.
This book contains brief information on the factors behind the setting up, as well as, the evolution of the National Service scheme and Singapore Armed Forces through the three decades of 1967
to 1997. This includes information also on the four components of the SAF - the Army, Navy, Air Force, and the defence industries.
• Lion in the sky : the story of Seletar and the Royal Air Force in Singapore by Neville Shorrick (with foreword by T.W.A. Hutton)
Call Number: R English 358.4095957 SHO
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=4113564Kuala Lumpur : Federal Publications, 1968.
This book relates the happenings of Seletar and the Singapore Royal Air Force - from the Messina Disaster, to their roles in the World War, the Emergency, and the Confrontasi.
• Seletar : crowning glory : the history of the RAF in Singapore by David Taylor
Call Number: English 358.40095957 TAY
ISBN: 1903953162
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=11783315West Sussex : Woodfield Pub., 2002.
Also a history of Seletar and the Royal Air Force in Singapore, this book is also interspersed with the author's personal anecdotes and memories of the place and institution.
• 40 years of the RSAF : our people, our air force
Call Number: English 358.40095957 FOR
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=13095610Singapore : Republic of Singapore Air Force, c2008.
A commemorative publication of the RSAF, this book takes up where earlier historical accounts left off, and trails the development of the Republic of Singapore Air Force from its genesis in 1965
to the present-day third-generation air force.
• Onwards and upwards : celebrating 40 years of the navy
Call Number: English 359.0095957 SIN
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12855653Singapore : SNP International Pub., c2007.
A commemorative publication celebrating the Republic of Singapore Navy's 40th anniversay, this book looks at the origins of the navy, and provides information on its latest developments,
including cooperations with other world navies.
• Civil defence in Singapore 1939-1984
Call Number: SING English 363.35095957 CIV
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=4080676Singapore : Singapore Civil Defence Force, 1985
Even way before the drawing up of the Total Defence concept in 19XX, civil defence was actively being carried out early in this nation's history. This publication traces the evolution of Civil
Defence from 1939, when it was "jumpstarted" by WWII to 1984, a mature defence proactively maintaining its readiness for emergencies.
• Singapore's defence industries by Bilveer Singh
Call Number: RSING English 338.47623 BIL
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=5840056Canberra: Australian National University, Research School of Pacific Studies, Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, 1990.
(From abstract) This study analyses the state of Singapore's defence industry. It traces the origins and evolution of the industry, examines the various motivating factors and analyses the impact
of the industry on the country and beyond.
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• Defy convention: Commemorating 36 years of defence construction
Call Number: RSING English 355.07095957 DEF
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=11340755Singapore: Defence Science and Technology Agency
This publication describes milestones in the history and development of defence construction in Singapore. It also contains a selection of published technical papers demonstrating the wide scope
of R&D work engaged in by DSTA.
• Creating the technology edge: DSO National Laboratories, Singapore 1972-2002 by Melanie Chew, Bernard Tan
Call Number: English 355.806 CRE
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=11780835Singapore : Epigram : DSO National Laboratories, 2002.
This publication was written to commemorate DSO's 30th anniversary, Apart from easy-to-read write-ups on defence technology, it also narrates the "story of Singapore's premier research
laboratory" through interviews with key people involved in its beginnings and development.
Journal Articles
Journal articles are often good reads for current developments, specific aspects of a topic, as well as, alternative perspectives of an issue from various players. The journal articles are from reputable
online databases in our eResources service, such as, JSTOR and Proquest. Read the Introduction section for more information on accessing these articles.
• The Socio-Economic Dimension in Singapore's Quest for Security and Stability
http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/browse.aspx?browse_by=A-Z&filter1=J
Author: Hussin Mutalib
Journal: Pacific Affairs, Vol. 75, No. 1 (Spring, 2002), pp. 39-56
Database: JSTOR
While Singapore has focused on building credible defense and armed forces in the wake of its separation from Malaysia, subsequent global trends (e.g., illegal immigration, terrorism, piracy) have
perhaps led to the Republic "moulding" the security concept to also encompass the nation's survival, progress and stability. This article talks about Singapore's approaches toward it's defence
forces, ethnic, as well as, economic situations, and the effect these have had on the security of the nation.
Security and Defence
Please find below a list of Singapore Infopedia articles on events and organisations that were instrumental in Singapore's defence strategies.
• Singapore Volunteer Corps
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1050_2008-10-23.html
The idea for a volunteer corps to supplement the local constabulary for tighter internal security was first raised in 1846....
• Singapore Fire Brigade
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_153_2005-01-07.html
Singapore's first fire-fighters formed a brigade in 1869 and was officially recognised as the Singapore Fire Brigade in 1888...
• British withdrawal from Singapore
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1001_2009-02-10.html
On 18 July 1967, the British announced its plans to withdraw its troops from Singapore by the mid-1970s....
• Five Power Defence Agreement
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_544_2004-12-18.html
The Five Power Defence Agreement (FPDA), which groups Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand and Britain, was set up in 1971 to reassure Singapore and Malaysia following the
withdrawal ..
• National Service in Singapore
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_692_2005-02-01.html
Full-time National Service was introduced in Singapore in March 1967....
• Total Defence
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_572_2004-12-23.html
The Total Defence concept entails the mobilisation of Singapore's total resources to defend the country against all forms of attacks..
• Singapore Civil Defence Force
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_632_2005-01-04.html
The Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) is a uniformed organisation which provides emergency services to the nation both during peacetime and under crisis...
Civil Emergencies
It's sometimes easy to forget that safe and secure Singapore has had her fair share of disasters and emergencies. Please find below Singapore Infopedia articles on some of the major incidents that
had occurred in the history of Singapore.
• Thursday, May 13, 1954: First crash at Kallang Airport
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_484_2004-12-30.html
The first air disaster at Kallang Airport...
• Thursday, Oct 12, 1978: Spyros accident
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_806_2004-12-30.html
On 12 October 1978, at 2:15 pm, an explosion occurred on the Greek tanker, S. T. Spyros..
• Saturday, Jan 29, 1983: Cable car tragedy at Sentosa
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_761_2004-12-31.html
On 29 January 1983, seven passengers died when two Sentosa cable cars plunged into the sea...
• Saturday, Mar 15, 1986: Hotel New World collapse
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_783__2009-01-02.html
On 15 March 1986 at around 11:25 am, the 67-room Hotel New World, situated at the junction of Serangoon Road and Owen Road, collapsed killing at least 33...
• Friday, Dec 19, 1997: Crash of SilkAir Flight MI 185
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1576_2009-09-30.html
SilkAir Flight MI 185, while on its way to Singapore from the Indonesian capital of Jakarta, nosedived into Musi River..
• Sunday, Oct 25, 1998: Pulau Merlimau refinery fire
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1007_2010-05-07.html
The fire that broke out on 25 October 1988 at 1:27 pm at the SRC refinery was the biggest offshore fire in Singapore's history...
• Tuesday, Apr 20, 2004: Nicoll Highway collapse
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_430_2004-12-17.html
A disaster that struck on Tuesday 20 April 2004 at about 3:30 pm, it destroyed a stretch of the Nicoll Highway...
Cyberpioneer
Cyberpioneer is a web publication of the SAF and aims to provide the latest news on Singapore defence matters. Below is a listing of its most recent feature articles.
Back to Top
Singapore in Diplomacy
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Speeches
• Lee Kuan Yew address by the Singapore Prime Minister on intra Commonwealth relations at the commonwealth heads of government meeting in Ottawa, 8th august, 1973
http://stars.nhb.gov.sg/stars/public/starsDetail.jsp?&chkDVD_id=7830&keyword=Singapore
Provides text of a speech in which the then Prim Minister Lee Kuan Yew addressed the Commonwealth heads of government meeting in 1973, in which he touched on how to make the forum a
more effective in resolving issues between member countries in the organization.
• The Istana: Speech by President S R Nathan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Diplomatic Academy’s Inaugural S Rajaratnam Lecture
http://www.istana.gov.sg/News/Speech+by+President+S+R+Nathan+at+the+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+Diplomatic+Academy+Inaugural+S+Raj.htm
Provides the text of President Nathan's speech at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Diplomatic Academy’s Inaugural S Rajaratnam Lecture, in which he related a history of Singapore's foreign
relations, including the pioneer diplomats, his own career in the service, and his insights regarding Singapore's foreign relations.
• MFA, Singapore Press Release: Speech by Senior Minister Professor S Jayakumar at the S Rajaratnam Lecture at Shangri-La Hotel on 19 May 2010
http://app.mfa.gov.sg/2006/press/view_press_print.asp?post_id=6056
Provides the text of the speech by Senior Minister Professor S Jayakumar at the S Rajaratnam Lecture at Shangri-La Hotel on 19 May 2010, in which he shared his experience and insights on
managing Singapore's foreign relations, as a small state.
Media Statements
• Singapore's diplomatic relations with The Holy See
http://stars.nhb.gov.sg/stars/public/viewDocx.jsp?stid=27732&lochref=viewPDF-body.jsp?pdfno=1484-1981-06-23.pdf&keyword=Singapore
Provides a press release announcing Singapore's establishment of diplomatic relations with The Holy See.
• Minister Lim Swee Say leads first Singapore trade and investment mission to Sichuan since earthquake in May 2008
http://www.news.gov.sg/public/sgpc/en/media_releases/agencies/ie%20singapore/press_release/P-20081023-1/AttachmentPar/0/file/11th%20SSTIC%20meeting%20Oct08%20-%20premission%20media_statement_final.pdf
Describes a visit by Mr Lim Swee Say, Minister, Prime Minister’s Office, to Sichuan
province on a trade and investment mission, an example of diplomatic efforts which promote bilateral economic growth.
• Prime Minister's Office: SM Goh and Dr Lee Boon Yang attend Singapore Season in China
http://www.pmo.gov.sg/News/PressReleases/SM+Goh+and+Dr+Lee+Boon+Yang+Attend+Singapore+Season+in+China.htm
Describes a visit by the then PM Goh and Dr Lee Boon Yang to the Singapore Season in China, which is a cultural diplomacy effort to raise awareness of Singapore as a multi-cultural global city,
and to showcase its global connectivity and attractiveness as a place to live, work and play. It made its debut in London in 2005, with the Singapore Season China being launched in Beijing,
China on 12 October 2007. This is an example of diplomacy through cultural exchange.
In the News!
• S'pore urged to rethink invitation to Herzog
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19861031.2.23.6.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 31 Oct 1986, Page 9
Database: NewspaperSG
S'pore urged to rethink invitation to Herzog KUALA LUMPUR Arab diplomatic missions here, including the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO), yesterday urged Singapore to reconsider an
invitation to Israeli President Chaim Herzog to visit the republic. A statement issued by the PLO office here said that heads of Arab missions felt...
• Do not be overly concerned, says Dr Hu
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19880512.2.28.1.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 12 May 1988, Page 14
Database: NewspaperSG
Do not be overly concerned, says Dr Hu FINANCE Minister Richard Hu last night told grassroots leaders m his constituency not to be "overly concerned" over the diplomatic row between
Singapore and the United States. The withdrawal of an American diplomat from Singapore was an isolated incident which would not...
• S'pore supports UN convention to protect personnel on peacekeeping operations
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19960328.2.43.16.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 28 March 1996, Page 43
Database: NewspaperSG
S'pore supports UN convention to protect personnel on peacekeeping operations. SINGAPORE has acceded to a United Nations convention that gives protection to all UN personnel, both military
and civilians, engaged m the world body's peacekeeping operations. A Foreign Ministry statement yesterday said Singapore's instrument of accession to the Convention on...
• ISAF officer for UN peace work — for free
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19960711.2.33.5.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 11 July 1996, Page 23
Database: NewspaperSG
ISAF officer for UN peace work for free. SJNGAPORE is sending a military officer to the United Nations in New York to support peacekeeping duties, at no cost to the world body. He is Major (Dr)
teo Kwang Joo. He will go to the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations...
• Tribute planned for five visionaries who founded Asean
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19970716.2.34.4.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 16 Jul 1997, Page 23
Database: NewspaperSG
Tribute planned for five visionaries who founded Asean Edward Tang By Thailand Correspondent B ANGKOK The five signatories of the Bangkok Declaration which established Asean, including
former Singapore Foreign Minister S. Rajaratnam, will receive an award m recognition of their contributions to the grouping when Asean leaders meet m December....
• Indonesia thanks S'pore for help
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19971022.2.43.7.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 22 October 1997, Page 34
Database: NewspaperSG
Indonesia thanks S'pore for help. INDONESIA has expressed thanks for help m fighting the haze, the Defence Ministry said yesterday. At a ceremony m Bandung on Sunday, Indonesian
Environment Minister Sarwono Kusumaatmadia thanked all participants for helping in air operations to combat the haze. The Singapore Armed Forces (SAF), which...
• UN can't muddle through crises: Jaya
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19991123.2.11.14.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 23 November 1999, Page 12
Database: NewspaperSG
UN can't muddle through crises: Jaya N.GUNALAN Prof S. Jayakumar points out that the increasing volume and complexity of peacekeeping activity requires the attendant problems to be
resolved an Intra-state conflicts have erupted with increasing frequency. This has made peacekeeping missions more complex and multidimensional. ProfS. Jayakumar (above) THE United...
• Ministers close to haze pact
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes20010407.2.55.7.7.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 7 April 2001, Page A15
Database: NewspaperSG
Ministers close to haze pact. MALACCA Environment ministers from Malaysia and Singapore said here on Friday that they hope a cross-border agreement on preventing haze pollution in Southeast Asia could be concluded before the year's end. "The agreement is another effort by Aseanmember countries to institute various measures to monitor,...
• S'pore raises haze issue with Jakarta
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes20020926.2.32.8.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 26 September 2002, Page 3
Database: NewspaperSG
S'pore raises haze issue with Jakarta THE National Environment Agency (NEA) has written to its counterpart in Indonesia to express concern over the worsening smoke haze here, caused by
forest fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan. The NEA has also told Indonesia's Environment Ministry about the impact that the haze is...
• KUDOS FOR SAF PEACEKEEPERS
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes20040316.2.27.7.3.2.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 16 March 2004, Page 4
Database: NewspaperSG
KUDOS FOR SAF PEACEKEEPERS. THE Singapore Armed Forces' participation in operations in Iraq and Timor Leste, among others, has been valuable in boosting the professionalism of its
personnel. It also reinforces servicemen's confidence in the equipment they use and their training. Defence Minister Teo Chee Hean said in such missions,...
• ICJ to hear Pedra Branca case
http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes20050629.2.16.8.1.aspx
Source: The Straits Times, 29 Jun 2005, Page 8
Database: NewspaperSG
ICJ TO HEAR PEDRA BRANCA CASE THE HAGUE: The International Court of Justice (ICJ) here will hear claims by Malaysia and Singapore over the ownership of Pedra Branca island next
year. Malaysia's ambassador to the Netherlands. Datuk Noor Farida Arifin, said the two countries had filed their second pleadings...
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Page 15 of 17
Singapore's Foreign Relations and Diplomacy
Ever aware of it's vulnerability as a small state, Singapore has tried to pursued peaceful means to resolve bilateral issues with its immediate neighbours and within the region. It has been fortunate to
have founding fathers who had the vision to steer a pragmatic foreign policy based on the two prongs of diplomacy and deterrence. On the diplomacy front, Singapore has been active in regional and
international organizations such as the United Nations, ASEAN, and the Non-Aligned Movement, realizing that small nations like itself must seek collective strength and unity in order to survive in a
world order in which bigger players usually drown out the voices of smaller states. Pursuing such a policy has allowed Singapore to become a stable and respected member of the international
community.
Books
Click on the links for more information on where to get the books in NLB.
• Asian diplomacy: The foreign ministries of China, India, Japan, Singapore, and Thailand by Kishan S. Rana
Call Number: RSING 327.5 RAN
ISBN: 0195694228
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS001489804&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Asian diplomacy%3A The foreign ministries of China%2C India%2C Japan%2C Singapore%2C
and ThailandWashington, D.C. : Woodrow Wilson Center Press ; Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, c2009.
Describes the foreign ministries of these countries, including the structure and processes of their foreign ministries and the instruments through which foreign policy is implemented.
• Bandung revisited: The legacy of the 1955 Asian-African Conference for international order by See Seng Tan & Amitav Acharya
Call Number: RSING 327.5 BAN
ISBN: 9789971693930
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS001398247&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Bandung RevisitedSingapore : NUS Press, c2008.
Describes the historic 1955 Asia-Africa conference (the "Bandung Conference"), a meeting of 29 Asian and African nations that sought to draw on Asian and African nationalism and religious
traditions to forge a new international order that was neither communist nor capitalist, and led six years later to the non-aligned movement.
• Diplomacy of a tiny state by Lee Khoon Choy
Call Number: RSING 327.5957 LEE
ISBN: 9810212194
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS000342931&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=diplomacy tinySingapore : World Scientific, c1993.
A biography of the Singapore politician and diplomat who served over a span of 29 years, including postings as ambassador and high commissioner to eight countries.
• Flavours of change: Destiny & diplomacy: Recollections of a Singapore ambassador by J.F. Conceicao
Call Number: RSING 327.59570092 CON
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS000960443&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Flavours of change %3A destiny %26 diplomacy%3A Recollections of a Singapore
ambassadorSingapore : Horizon Books, 2004.
This is the biography of another pioneer Singapore diplomat and embassador, who served in Moscow, Jakarta and Canberra.
• Know your ASEAN by Singapore : ISEAS Publishing
Call Number: RSING 341.2473 KNO
ISBN: 9789812304872
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12927139Singapore : ISEAS Publishing, 2007.
Know Your ASEAN sets down, in clear and simple language, the basic facts about the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. It does so in the form of 40 questions and their answers. It is
among the contributions of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies to the observance of the 40th anniversary of ASEAN's founding on 8 August 1967. The booklet provides facts on ASEAN's
establishment, membership, financing and decision-making. It recalls the association's contributions to regional security. It explains what ASEAN is doing to integrate the regional economy and
promote regional cooperation on the environment, infectious diseases, counter-terrorism, poverty reduction, and natural disasters. It clarifies such issues as non-interference and human rights. It
touches on ASEAN's relations with other countries and international institutions."--from advance book information.
• Malaysia and Singapore in international diplomacy: Documents and commentaries by Peter John Boyce
Call Number: RCLOS 327.595 BOY
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS000028074&fn=search&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&dum=true&doc=MMS002392638&vl
(freeText0)=Malaysia and Singapore in international diplomacy&srt=rank&vl(28379742UI1)=all_items&frbg=&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&vl(28379743UI0)=any&scp.scps=[Sydney] Sydney
University Press [University Park, Pennsylvania State University Press; New Zealand, Price Milburn; London, Methuen, 1968]
Contains a collection of 174 documents with commentaries, related to the Indonesian 'confrontation' of the emergent Federation fo Malaysia.
• Preventive diplomacy in Southeast Asia: Lessons learned by Hasjim Djalal
Call Number: R 327.16 DJA
ISBN: 9799696232
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS000926858&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Preventive diplomacy in Southeast AsiaJakarta : Habibie Center, 2002.
Describes the use of preventive diplomacy within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) to promote dialogue and cooperation, from an
Indonesian perspective.
• S Rajaratnam on Singapore by Kwa Chong Guan
Call Number: RSING 327.5957 S (also available as eBook in eBrary via http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg)
ISBN: 9812704574
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12817606Singapore ; Hackensack, N.J. : World Scientific : Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, c2006.
Provides a compilation of key speeches and articles by the late Mr S Rajaratnam, who as the country's first foreign minister, was pivotal in conceptualizing and implementing its foreign policy.
• Singapore in the Malay world: Building and breaching regional bridges by Lily Zubaidah Rahim
Call Number: RSING 327.59570595 RAH
ISBN: 9780415484107
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS001489809&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Singapore in the Malay world%3A Building and breaching regional bridgesLondon ; New York :
Routledge, 2009.
Analyses the relations between Singapore and her immediate Malay neighbours, especially Malaysia.
• Singapore's foreign policy: Beginnings and future by S R Nathan
Call Number: RSING 327.5957 NAT
ISBN: 9789810808341
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=8&ct=getit&doc=MMS001485355&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Singapore%27s Foreign PolicySingapore : MFA Diplomatic Academy, c2008.
Contains a speech by President Nathan delivered when he launched the MFA Diplomatic Academy, in which he describes the evolution and principles of Singapore's foreign policy.
• Singapore's foreign policy: Coping with vulnerability by Michael Leifer
Call Number: RSING 327.5957 LEI (also available as eBook in eBrary via http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg)
ISBN: 0415233534
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS000649880&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Singapore%27s foreign policy %3A coping with vulnerabilityLondon ; New York, N.Y. :
Routledge, c2000
Describes Singapore's foreign policy from independence in 1965.
• Singapore's foreign policy: The search for regional order by Amitav Acharya
Call Number: RSING 327.5957 ACH
ISBN: 9789812708595
http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=12928881Singapore ; London : World Scientific, c2008.
Describes the evolution of Singapore's foreign policy, and analyses Singapore's international relations and national security in the context of economic growth and terrorism.
• The ASEAN Regional Forum and preventive diplomacy: A failure in paractice by Ralf Emmers & See Seng Tan
Call Number: RSING 327.1720959 EMM
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS002392638&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=ASEAN Regional Forum and preventive diplomacySingapore : S. Rajaratnam School of
International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, 2009.
Discusses the reasons the ASEAN Regional Forum has not been as effective as it can be in the area of preventive diplomacy.
• The fundamentals of Singapore's foreign policy: Then & now by Lee Kuan Yew
Call Number: RSING 327.5957 LEE
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=7&ct=getit&doc=MMS001603182&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Singapore%27s Foreign PolicySingapore : MFA Diplomatic Academy, c2009.
Contains a speech by Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew, in which he described the fundamentals of of Singapore's foreign policy, and outlined the challenges facing Singapore in the post-Cold War
world.
http://libguides.nl.sg/print_content.php?pid=120134&sid=1034438&mode=g
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Managing International Relations - Resource Guides at National Library, Singapore
Page 1- of 17
• The little red dot: Reflections by Singapore's diplomats by Tommy Koh & Chang Li Lin
Call Number: RSING 327.5957 LIT (also available as eBook in eBrary via http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg)
ISBN: 9789812564146
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS001028597&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=little red dot %3A reflections by Singapore%27s diplomatsSingapore : Institute of Policy Studies :
Singapore ; Hackensack : World Scientific, c2005.
Contains a collection of essays by Singapore's past and present diplomats, relating how a small and vulnerable country like Singapore had managed its foreign policy.
Describes the history of Singapore's foreign service in the first 40 years of the nation, through recollections by Singapore's diplomats.
• The little red dot. Vol. II: Reflections by Singapore's diplomats by Tommy Koh, Chang Li Lin
Call Number: RSING 327.5957 LIT
ISBN: 9789814271868
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=3&ct=getit&doc=MMS001518909&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Reflections by Singapore%27s diplomatsSingapore : World Scientific, c2009.
This is the sequel to the book, "The little red dot", and contains essays by Singapore's third generation diplomats.
• The next stage: Preventive diplomacy and security cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region by Desmond Ball & Amitav Acharya
Call Number: RSEA 327.17095 NEX
ISBN: 0731527550
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=1&ct=getit&doc=MMS000924827&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=The next stage%3A Preventive diplomacy and security cooperation in the Asia-Pacific
regionCanberra, Australia : Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University ; Republic of Singapore : Institute of Defence and
Strategic Studies, Nanyang Technological University, 1999.
Describes the concept and principles of preventive diplomacy, and its application in the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF).
• The quest for world order: Perspectives of a pragmatic idealist by Tommy Koh
Call Number: RSING 327.01 KOH
ISBN: 981210108X
http://nlbsearchplus.nl.sg/primo_library/libweb/action/getItAction.do?indx=2&ct=getit&doc=MMS000509381&scp.scps=&srt=rank&tab=default_tab&mode=Basic&dum=true&fn=search&frbg=&vl
(28379742UI1)=all_items&vl(28379743UI0)=any&ct=search&vid=NLWEB&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=quest world order tommySingapore : Times Academic Press for Institute of Policy Studies, 1998.
Contains a collection of speeches and writings by Professor Tommy Koh, one of the most distinguished diplomats and statesmen of our time.
Episodes in International Diplomacy: History Database
Do you know which international organizations or movements which Singapore is a part of?
• Pubantz, Jerry, and John Allphin Moore Jr. "history and development of the United Nations." Encyclopedia of the United Nations, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2008. Modern
World History. Facts On File, Inc.
http://www.fofweb.com.libproxy.nlb.gov.sg/activelink2.asp?
Describes the history and formation of the United Nations.
• Mishra, Patit Paban. "Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)." In Ackermann, Marsha E., Michael Schroeder, Janice J. Terry, Jiu-Hwa Lo Upshur, and Mark F. Whitters, eds.
Encyclopedia of World History: The Contemporary World, 1950 to the Present, v
http://www.fofweb.com.libproxy.nlb.gov.sg/activelink2.asp?
Describes the history and founding of The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), with Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand as original members, on August 8,
1967.
• Grieb, K. J. "Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)." In Pubantz, Jerry, and John Allphin Moore Jr. Encyclopedia of the United Nations, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2008. Modern
World History Online. Facts On File, Inc.
http://www.fofweb.com.libproxy.nlb.gov.sg/activelink2.asp?
Describes the Non-Aligned Movement, which represents the interests of the developing nations in global diplomacy and in all related meetings and conferences of the United Nations.
• Lindberg, M. S. "United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)." In Pubantz, Jerry, and John Allphin Moore Jr. Encyclopedia of the United Nations, Second Edition. New York:
Facts On File, Inc., 2008. Modern World History Online. Facts On File,
http://www.fofweb.com.libproxy.nlb.gov.sg/activelink2.asp?
Describes the UN Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which was first held in Geneva in 1958, and which became the basis for all current and future actions involving the law of the
seas.
Personalities: Infopedia Articles
Do you know any famous personalities who have played significant roles in Singapore's diplomacy?
• David Saul Marshall - Sitragandi Arunasalam
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_283_2005-01-13.html
Provides a biography of David Saul Marshall, Singapore's first elected Chief Minister from 6 April 1955 to 7 June 1956, who was also a diplomat who had served as Singapore's first Ambassador
to France, Spain, Portugal and Switzerland between 1978 to 1993 on the invitation of former Foreign Minister S Rajaratnam.
• Lee Khoon Choy - Valerie Chew
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1373_2009-01-05.html
Provides a biography of Lee Khoon Choy, who had served as Singapore's Ambassador to Egypt, Ethiopia, Yugoslavia and Lebanon and also Singapore's High Commissioner in Pakistan.
• Maurice Baker - Dinesh Sathisan
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1538_2009-09-10.html
Provides a biography of Maurice Baker, an academic and one of Singapore's first-generation diplomats. He was also Singapore's ambassador to India.
• S. Rajaratnam - Tien Mui Mun
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_644_2005-01-10.html
Provides a biography of Sinnathamby Rajaratnam (a.k.a. S. Rajaratnam), a former journalist, co-founder of People's Action Party (PAP), and the first Foreign Affairs Minister after Singapore
gained independence in 1965, who was one of the pioneer leaders who helped in shaping the development of Singapore.
• S. R. Nathan - Bonny Tan
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_490_2004-12-23.html
Provides a biography President S. R. Nathan, who became the second elected President of Singapore on 1 September 1999. He had previously held key positions in security and intelligence, and
had served as diplomat to Malaysia and the United States in his career.
• Tommy Koh - Marsita Omar
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1084_2007-02-05.html
Provides a biography of the top-notch negotiator and one of Singapore's senior diplomats, who is well known at home and abroad.
• Dr. Wee Kim Wee - Sharon Teng
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_255_2005-01-12.html
Provides a biography of Dr. Wee Kim Wee, the fourth president of Singapore, who had also established himself as a diplomat and a journalist in his career.
Back to Top
Accessing the Resources
Quick Access
Print Materials
Electronic Resources
How to access the Print Materials
Introduction
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Managing International Relations - Resource Guides at National Library, Singapore
Page 17 of 17
You can search the library catalogue (for physical materials) in the library and from home (http://catalogue.nlb.gov.sg). The easy search function allows you to search/browse by author, title,
keyword, subject and ISBN/ISSN whereas the advanced search allows you to narrow your searches to specific media types or language holdings. In both instances, you will also be able to limit your
search to search only specific libraries by clicking on the "limit by branch" option.
To search Lee Kong Chian Reference Library's Holdings
If you wish to search for only materials available in the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library, please always click on the "Limit by Branch" button at the bottom of the page, after you have keyed in your
search term. This brings you to a new page whereby you will be able to select the library of your choice. Choose "Lee Kong Chian Reference Library" and select "yes" under the "Display only items
available in the selected branch below" and then click on search.
Things to note:
Once you have identified the title that you need, please double check through the following information and write down the necessary info:
i. The "Status" of the item: the item is not available in the library, if the status displayed is "in transit", "in process" or "not ready for loan".
ii. Double check that the item is in Lee Kong Chian Reference Library under "Branch".
iii. Write down the Location Code and the Call Number of the item. This helps you to locate the item within Lee Kong Chian Reference Library. Please refer to the table below for more information
(Note: The table below reflects the new arrangement of the collections that will be effective from 10th August 2010. In the meantime, please feel free to approach the counter staff for
help in locating the books.)
All featured books and periodicals are located at the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library.
In each citation, each book and periodical is indicated with a location code and call number for easy reference (e.g.: RSEA 332 ESS). Please refer to the table below to locate the materials. (Note:
The table below reflects the new arrangement of the collections that will be effective from 10th August 2010. In the meantime, please feel free to approach the counter staff for help in
locating the books.)
Level
11 - Singapore and Southeast Asia (English)
Collections
Location Code
RSING, RSEA, JRSING, YRSING, RAV, RCLOS*,
RRARE
Type of Collection
All SING/SEA English materials except: Arts and Literature (which are on L8)
Microfilms
* Closed access materials. Point of access is via L11.
Posters
Maps
AV collection
10 - National Library Gallery
RDTYS, RDTSH, RDKSC, RAC*
Donors’ Collections
* Point of access for collection is via L11.
Donors’ Gallery
Asian Children’s Collection
Exhibition Gallery
9 - Chinese, Malay and Tamil Resources
RSING, RSEA, RCO, RART, RBUS
8 - Arts & Social Sciences
RART, RSING, RSEA, R, RDET
All Chinese, Malay and Tamil materials, except for China Business resources
(RCR)
All Arts collections including Singapore & SEA
Singapore&SEA English literature
Non-SING/SEA Social Sciences collection, including literature·
Education prospectuses
Edwin Thumboo Collection
French Corner
7 - Government and Business Information Services
RSING-[AR], RBUS, RCR, R
Business, Science & Technology collections
Annual Reports
Standards
China Business resources
Bloomberg and SGX IRIS stations
How to access the Databases
To begin using databases and other electronic resources, you will first need to register as a Digital Library member (registration is free-of-charge) at our eResources webpage
(http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/). Please note the following conditions:
i. Not all e-resources are accessible from home. Please refer to the access rights stated per resource on the eResources webpage.
ii. If you are NOT a Singaporean/PR, you will not be able to access any of the e-resources from home(even those that are labelled as accessible from home on the webpage).
iii. Please log in to the eResources portal to use the resources. Materials available in the library's eResources (e.g., articles in specific databases) may come up in your searches in
Google, Yahoo, MSN, etc. However, you will NOT be able to access those information if you are not logged in and searching from the eResources portal.
When you face problems registering or logging in, please contact 63323255 or send an email to [email protected].
If you wish to find information in the databases but am not sure where to begin, or need recommendations on which databases to use, please use the "Ask A Librarian" function or
send an email to [email protected] for help. The librarian will get back to you within three working days.
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