Pierce College
Putman/NUTR&101
Name: ________________________________
Activity 3: Digestive Health (10 points)
Answer the following questions using your Unit 3 lecture notes and the given internet source.
Genes and Nutrition
1. People with phenylketoneura have to go on a diet that lacks what?
2. People with phenylketoneura should not consume which artificial sweetener?
3. How can consuming a small amount of protein reduce blood sugar (glucose)?
Organ Systems and Nutrition [from lecture]
4. Complete the table with the organ system that carries out the given function!
FUNCTION
ORGAN SYSTEM
a. Protects the body from invasion by diseasecausing microorganisms:
b. Removes wastes and toxins from blood.
(organ)
c. Carries nutrients and oxygen to cells,
wastes and carbon dioxide away from cells.
5. Body fluids are made mostly of this substance:
6. Which part of the brain contains hunger and thirst centers?
7. Perceived what triggers stress?
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8. What three physiological responses of stress increase the risk of diabetes, heart disease and
stroke?
a)
b)
c)
9. What are three good responses to stress?
a)
b)
c)
d)
10. Why do manufacturers add fat, sugar and salt to products?
11. Digestion breaks foods down into what that can then be absorbed into the blood from the
digestive system?
Summary of Mechanical Digestion
12. Complete the table with the part of the digestive system that carries out the given function!
FUNCTION
a. The main site of mechanical digestion.
PART OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
b. Principal site of chemical digestion.
c. Mixes and stores food.
d. Moves food to stomach.
e. Compacts undigested fiber into feces.
f. Makes bile.
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13. How can insufficient fiber in the diet and/or lack of exercise increase the risk of colon cancer
by 50%?
Summary of Chemical Digestion
14. In your own words, explain what enzymes are and what they do.
15. How does chewing your food well (making smaller and smaller bits) increase the efficiency
of chemical digestion?
16. Complete the table with the part of the digestive system that carries out the given function!
FUNCTION
a. Produces digestive enzymes for carbs,
lipid, proteins and nucleic acids.
b. Carb and lipid digestion begins here.
PART OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
c. Major site of nutrient absorption.
d. Bacteria digest some fiber and may
produce gas!
e. Hydrochloric acid is secreted here.
17. Do humans have the enzymes necessary to digest fiber?
18. If the liver is sick (hepatitis), or if a person has had their gall bladder removed, the digestion
and absorption of which nutrient is affected the most?
Storage Systems
19. What is glycogen? Where is glycogen stored?
20. Where is excess fat stored?
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Alcohol and Nutrition
21. Differences between social and binge drinking:
Number of
drinks/hour
Male
Female
Social
Effects:
a)
b)
c)
Binge
a)
b)
c)
22. In the State of Washington, a driver 21-years of age or older can be charged with a DUI with
a blood alcohol level of 0.08 or higher (0.04 for commercial vehicles, 0.02 for individuals
under the age of 21). Go to MedicineNet.com’s Alcohol Impairment Charts at
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=52905.Examine the chart and
answer the following questions:
a. What is your gender?
b. What is your body weight, in pounds?
c. According to the Alcohol Impairment Chart corresponding to your gender, how many
alcoholic drinks would you have to consume in one hour to meet or exceed the 0.08
blood alcohol level if you are 21-years of age or over, or 0.02 blood alcohol level if you
are under the age of 21 years?
_____ drinks in one hour
23. To avoid impairment, how many alcoholic drinks can be safely consumed in one hour?
_____ drink(s) in one hour
24. How long does it take alcohol to travel from your stomach to your brain? _____ minutes
[from lecture]
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