AP CH. 22 STUDY GUIDE
1. How did Teddy Roosevelt's earlier life prepare him to take the role as the
youngest President in American history?
2. What were Teddy Roosevelt's viewpoints about the proper role of government?
What was his position with regard to economic concentration and trusts? To
what extent would he be considered a "trust buster"?
3. What changes did T. R. initiate in the traditional role of the federal
government regarding labor disputes? How did he deal with the Anthracite
Coal Strike of 1902?
4. Describe the key goals and accomplishments of T. R.'s “Square Deal”? Why
did he use that name?
5. What was Roosevelt's program for the conservation of natural resources?
Who were the sources of opposition to this program?
6. What was Roosevelt's lasting effect on national environmental policy?
7. What was the cause of the Panic of 1907? What role did T.R. play in the
crisis and what did it do to his reputation?
8. Contrast the personalities of Teddy Roosevelt and William Howard Taft.
What effect did their personalities have on their presidency?
9. What were the major political problems that confronted Taft during his
presidential administration? How did his actions, and lack of action,
contribute to the division of the Republican Party?
10. Why was Teddy Roosevelt pushed into open opposition to Taft? Why did T. R.
break from the Republicans to form the Progressive [Bull Moose] Party in
1912?
11. Identify the main points of Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom."
12. Why was the 1912 election unique? Explain why Woodrow Wilson was
victorious.
13. What was Wilson’s style as president? What were his early goals and why was
he able to accomplish them easily at first?
14. What was Wilson's tariff policy? How was it a departure from the tariff
policies of the Gilded Age presidents? Why and how did this lead to the 16th
Amendment in 1913?
15. How does the Federal Reserve System work? Why is it considered to be one
of the important domestic achievements of Wilson's administration?
16. After the initial spate of New Freedom legislation, why did Wilson back away
from reform? What led him later in his first term, to advance reform once
again?
17. How did Roosevelt distinguish between "civilized" and "uncivilized" nations?
18. What were Teddy Roosevelt's views about America's role in the world? How
did sea power fit into his vision?
19. What was the intent of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?
What was its impact on the role of the US in the Western Hemisphere?
20. Why did the US want a canal through the Isthmus of Panama? How did the
AP CH. 22 STUDY GUIDE
US go about gaining control of the land necessary to build the Panama Canal?
21. Why was President Taft's foreign policy called "Dollar Diplomacy"? Describe
it.
22. Why did the US government intervene in Nicaragua in 1909 and the Mexican
Revolution in 1914? What was the result of each?
23. How were the approaches of Teddy Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson to foreign
affairs different? Why do you think that Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy
was nicknamed "Moral Diplomacy"? Was that title accurate?
1. 17th Amendment
Department of Commerce
and Labor
Northern Securities
Company
1902 Anthracite Coal
Strike
The Square Deal
2. Hepburn Act
3. Pure Food and Drug
Act
4. Upton Sinclair’s The
Jungle
& Meat Inspection Act
5. Conservationists &
Preservationists
6. Gifford Pinchot
Newlands Act
7. John Muir
8. George Perkins Marsh
9. Hetchy Hetch
Controversy
Panic of 1907
Tennessee Coal & Iron
Company
William Howard Taft
Roosevelt Corollary
10. Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Panama Canal
11. Ballinger-Pinchot
Dispute
12. “New Nationalism”
The Progressive Party
Dollar Diplomacy
17. Platt Amendment
Woodrow Wilson
Moral Diplomacy
Mexican Revolution of
1910
Pancho Villa
“New Freedom”
General John Pershing
Underwood-Simmons
Tariff
16th Amendment
Federal Reserve Act
13. Clayton Antitrust Act
14. Keating-Owen Act
15. Portsmouth Peace
Conference
16. “Great White Fleet”