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Skills Worksheet
Concept Review
Section: What Are Acids and Bases?
In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the
term or phrase.
______ 1. strong acid
a. a base that forms when an acid loses a proton
______ 2. amphoteric
b. a base that ionizes completely in a solvent
______ 3. strong base
c. a substance that donates a proton to another
substance
______ 4. Brønsted-Lowry
acid
d. an acid that ionizes completely in a solvent
______ 5. Brønsted-Lowry
base
e. an acid that forms when a base gains a proton
______ 6. conjugate acid
f. a substance that has the properties of an acid
and the properties of a base
______ 7. conjugate base
g. a substance that accepts a proton
Answer each of the following questions in the space provided.
In the following equations, identify which reactant is the Brønsted-Lowry acid and
which reactant is the Brønsted-Lowry base.
2
8. HSO
4 (aq) H2O(l) ª H3O (aq) SO4 (aq)
a. Brønsted-Lowry acid _______________________________________________
b. Brønsted-Lowry base _______________________________________________
2
9. H2PO
4 (aq) H2O ª HPO4 (aq) H3O (aq)
a. Brønsted-Lowry acid _______________________________________________
b. Brønsted-Lowry base _______________________________________________
In the following equations, indicate whether amphoteric Al(OH)3 is acting as an
acid or as a base.
10. Al(OH)3(s) H3O(aq) £ Al(OH)
2 (aq) 2H2O(l) _______________________
11. Al(OH)3(s) OH(aq) £ Al(OH)
4 (aq) _________________________________
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Chemistry
1
Acids and Bases
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Concept Review continued
In the following equations, identify the conjugate acid and conjugate base in the
products formed.
12. H2SO4(aq) H2O(l) ª H3O(aq) HSO
4 (aq)
a. conjugate acid
b. conjugate base
13. NH 4 (aq) OH (aq) ª NH3(aq) H2O(l)
a. conjugate acid
b. conjugate base
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes
each statement or best answers each question.
______14. Which of the following is not a distinctive property of acids?
a. conducts electricity
c. generates H3O
b. reacts with many metals
d. generates OH
______15. The Arrhenius definitions of acids and bases apply only to
a. amphoteric substances.
c. pure substances.
b. aqueous solutions.
d. proton acceptors.
______16. How would you classify ammonia (NH3) in the equation below?
NH3(aq) H2O(l) ª NH
4 (aq) OH (aq)
a. as a weak acid
b. as a strong acid
c. as a weak base
d. as a strong base
______ 17. How would you classify sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in the equation
below?
NaOH(s) £ Na(aq) OH(aq)
a. as a weak acid
b. as a strong acid
c. as a weak base
d. as a strong base
______18. Which of the following is a property of bases?
a. generates H
c. generates H3O
–
b. generates OH
d. all of the above
______19. How would you classify nitric acid (HNO3) in the equation below?
HNO3(l) H2O(l) £ H3O(aq) NO
3 (aq)
a. as a weak acid
b. as a strong acid
c. as a weak base
d. as a strong base
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Chemistry
2
Acids and Bases
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TEACHER RESOURCE
Answer Key
Concept Review: What Are
Acids and Bases?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
d
f
b
c
g
e
a
a. HSO4
b. H2O
9. a. H2PO4
b. H2O
10. base
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. acid
12. a. H3O
b. HSO4
13. a. H2O
b. NH3
14. d
15. b
16. c
17. d
18. b
19. b
Concept Review: Equilibria
of Weak Acids and Bases
Concept Review: Acidity,
Basicity, and pH
1. equilibrium, equal, H3O, OH,
concentration
2. constant, ion product of water, system,
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
A
B
C
7, 4, 10, phenolphthalein
7, methyl orange
10, 10, 10
a. 0.340 M
b. no
acid, base, [H3O], [OH], 1.00 1014
inversely, increases, hydronium ion,
pH, higher
lower, decreases, 10, 3
A mixture of dyes gives a continuous
gradation of colors through a wide pH
range. The color on a strip of pH paper
can be matched against a standard to
determine a solution’s pH.
A pH meter is an electronic device
that measures pH by electrochemical
means. It provides a direct digital
reading for the pH of a solution into
which its electrodes are placed.
1 109 M
1.0
[H3O] 2 1010 M; pH 9.7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
H2O, water
OH
2
H2O, H2PO4 , HCO
3 , HPO4
HCOO
NH 4
NH 4
ClO
HCOOH
It increases.
It decreases.
stronger, stronger
higher, lower
1.71 105
4.0 1010
buffer, acid, base
base, H3O, Le Châtelier’s, H3O
buffer, equal
Problem Solving
pH
Concept Review:
Neutralization and Titration
1. titration, standard, unknown,
neutralization, salt, water
2. equivalent, equivalence point,
hydroxide, hydronium
3. D
1. a. [OH] 0.05 M,
[H3O] 2 1013 M
b. [OH] 2.0 1012 M,
[H3O] 5.0 103 M
c. [OH] 0.013 M,
[H3O] 7.7 1013 M
d. [OH] 6.67 1014 M,
[H3O] 0.150 M
e. [OH] 0.0400 M,
[H3O] 2.50 1013 M
f. [OH] 2.56 1014 M,
[H3O] 0.390 M
g. 10, 2.3, 12.11, 0.824, 12.602, 0.409
2. [OH] 0.160 M
[H3O] 6.25 1014 M
3. 0.08 M
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Chemistry
165
Acids and Bases