044 Maize (not including sweet corn), unmilled
Since 2004, exports of unmilled maize (SITC group 044) increased more than twofold (on average by 23.4 percent each year) to reach US$27.1 bln
in 2008 (table 2). Graph 1 shows that in 2008, its exports increased by 32.1 percent, compared to 18.6 percent for world exports of food and live
animals (SITC section 0) and 15.3 percent for total world exports. It accounted for 2.9 percent of world exports in food and live animals (SITC section
0) and 0.2 percent of total world exports (table 1).
In 2008, USA was the top exporting country: it accounted for 51.2 percent of exports (table 2). Other major exporting countries were Argentina and
France. Top destinations were Japan, Republic of Korea and Mexico (table 3). By MDG regions (graph 2), Developed North America recorded a
trade surplus amounting to US$13.1 bln in 2008. Top trade deficits were recorded by Developed Asia-Pacific (US$-5.6 bln), Eastern Asia (US$-4.1
bln) and Developed Europe (US$-2.6 bln).
Table 1: Imports (Imp.) and exports (Exp.), 1994-2008, in current prices
1994
1995
9.5
8.7
2.6
2.4
0.2
0.2
Values in Bln US$ Imp.
Exp.
As a percentage of Imp.
SITC section (%) Exp.
As a percentage of Imp.
world trade (%) Exp.
1996
12.4
10.9
2.9
2.6
0.2
0.2
1997
14.2
12.8
3.2
3.0
0.3
0.2
1998
11.7
10.2
2.7
2.4
0.2
0.2
1999
10.2
9.2
2.4
2.3
0.2
0.2
9.9
8.7
2.4
2.2
0.2
0.2
Graph 1: Annual growth rates of exports, 1994−2008
(In percentage by year)
SITC code 044
●
SITC, Section 0
●
40%
●
●
●
●
0%
●
●
●
●
●
●
−10%
−20%
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
08
●
06
07
10%
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Exports
12.7
11.1
2.5
2.3
0.2
0.1
World....................................
USA.......................................
Argentina..............................
France...................................
Brazil.....................................
Hungary.................................
India......................................
Ukraine..................................
South Africa..........................
Canada..................................
Germany................................
Thailand................................
Belgium.................................
Austria..................................
Romania................................
Paraguay...............................
Country or area
World....................................
Japan....................................
Rep. of Korea........................
Mexico..................................
Spain.....................................
Other Asia, nes.....................
Netherlands..........................
Egypt.....................................
Colombia...............................
Germany................................
Algeria..................................
Italy.......................................
Malaysia...............................
Canada..................................
Saudi Arabia.........................
Morocco................................
Developed N. America
South−eastern Europe
CIS
Northern Africa
Sub−Saharan Africa
Latin Am, Caribbean
Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
South−eastern Asia
Western Asia
16
14
12
8
10
6
4
2
0
−2
Oceania
−4
14.5
11.7
2.5
2.1
0.2
0.1
2005
13.7
11.2
2.1
1.9
0.1
0.1
2006
15.2
13.2
2.2
2.0
0.1
0.1
2007
23.6
20.5
2.8
2.6
0.2
0.1
2008
30.7
27.1
3.2
2.9
0.2
0.2
Avg.
Growth Growth World share %
(%)
(%)
(million US$) 04-08 07-08
Cum.
27 123.3
13 884.5
3 530.9
2 325.4
1 405.2
981.4
923.8
670.2
529.8
268.8
251.9
216.3
183.1
180.4
179.9
173.0
23.4 32.1 100.0
22.6 37.5 51.2
31.1 56.7 13.0
12.8 52.7
8.6
23.8 -26.8
5.2
38.1 -11.1
3.6
48.7 194.6
3.4
41.1 282.5
2.5
47.1 1531.0
2.0
45.2 105.4
1.0
2.9 18.2
0.9
11.6 109.7
0.8
35.5 43.0
0.7
15.2 25.5
0.7
42.7 75.4
0.7
50.9 -35.8
0.6
51.2
64.2
72.8
78.0
81.6
85.0
87.5
89.4
90.4
91.3
92.1
92.8
93.5
94.1
94.8
Avg.
Growth Growth World share %
(%)
(%)
(million US$) 04-08 07-08
Cum.
Value
Developed Europe
−6
2004
Table 2: Top exporting countries or areas in 2008
Trade balance
Developed Asia−Pacific
−8
2003
Table 3: Top importing countries or areas in 2008
Graph 2: Trade Balance by MDG regions 2008
Imports
11.1
9.9
2.5
2.3
0.2
0.2
20
20
20
04
05
20
20
02
03
20
20
00
01
20
20
98
99
19
19
96
97
19
19
19
19
94
95
−30%
(Bln US$)
2002
Country or area
●
●
●
10.1
8.9
2.4
2.2
0.2
0.1
Value
50%
20%
2001
10.2
8.8
2.5
2.3
0.2
0.1
Total
●
60%
30%
2000
Source: UN Comtrade
30 705.3
5 578.1
2 820.0
2 391.4
1 626.3
1 287.1
1 187.5
975.3
935.1
747.1
733.6
725.3
669.0
619.4
594.9
530.2
20.6
17.4
18.5
33.8
32.1
12.0
26.1
27.9
29.5
19.8
25.2
20.5
18.4
24.9
41.9
27.3
30.3 100.0
45.1 18.2
54.5
9.2
53.9
7.8
1.8
5.3
36.2
4.2
35.3
3.9
4.3
3.2
37.5
3.0
11.7
2.4
41.8
2.4
10.8
2.4
9.6
2.2
33.8
2.0
27.6
1.9
18.7
1.7
18.2
27.4
35.1
40.4
44.6
48.5
51.7
54.7
57.1
59.5
61.9
64.1
66.1
68.0
69.8