lˆnk rf6{ – $
3/fo;L
;/;kmfO
;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ?kn] lk5l8Psf ;d'bfonfO{ nlIft u/]/ ;/;kmfO / :jR5 kfgL;DaGwL
Jojxfl/s 1fg lbg] p2]Zon] tof/ ul/Psf] lˆnk rf6{
1
xfd|f] egfO
lˆnk rf6{sf] ?kdf tof/ ul/Psf] of] lzIf0f ;fdfu|L jf6/P8 g]kfn (WaterAid in Nepal) gfds cGt/f{li6«o u}x«;/sf/L ;+:yfn] tof/ u/]sf]
xf] . k|:t't lzIf0f ;fdfu|Ldf ;d]l6Psf ljifosf] n]vg z}nLnfO{ cema9L Jojxfl/s agfpg jf6/P8 g]kfnsf lgDg ;xsdL{ ;+:yfx?sf] ljz]if
of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . tL x'g\ M
–
–
–
–
–
g]kfn :jf:Yosf] nflu kfgL (Nepal Water for Health - NEWAH)
n'dlGt M cfjf;sf] nflu ;xof]u ;d"x (Lumanti - Support Group for Shelter)
jftfj/0f tyf hg:jf:Yo ;+:yf (Environment and Public Health Organization - ENPHO)
PsLs[t zx/L ljsf; s]Gb| (Center for Integrated Urban Development - CIUD)
zx/L jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg ;dfh (Urban Environment Management Society - UEMS)
k|:t't lzIf0f ;fdfu|L tof/ ubf{ ljz]ifu/L lgDg kIfnfO{ Wofg lbOPsf] 5 M
-s_ n]vk9 ug{ ghfGg] ju{n] klg a'‰g ;Sg]
-v_ ljz]ifu/L zx/L If]q / cf;kf;sf cJojl:yt a:tLdf /x]sf ljkGg ;d'bfon] ;d]t Jojxf/df nfu" ug{ ;Sg]
-u_ g]kfnsf] k|foM ;a}h;f] 7fpFsf ;d'bfosf] nflu :jLsfo{ x'g]
-3_ ;xhstf{sf] nflu k|of]u ug{ ;lhnf] x'g] .
of] lzIf0f ;fdfu|Ldf pNn]v ul/Psf ljj/0f, JofVof, lrq c? s;}n] klg cGoq k|of]u ug'{k/]df jf6/P8 g]kfn sf] :jLs[lt lng'kg]{5 .
jf6/P8 g]kfn
Jff6/P8 ;'/lIft vfg]kfgL, :jf:Yo lzIff / ;/;kmfOsf If]qdf
;'wf/ u/L ljZjsf clt ljkGg ju{sf] hLjg ?kfGt/0f ug{ sfo{/t
5 . o; k|of;nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg lg0ff{osx?sf] Wofgfsif{0fsf
nflu xfdL ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx?l;t ldn]/ sfd u5f}{+ .
s'k08f]n, nlntk'/
kf]i6 afs; g+= @)@!$, sf7df8f+}, g]kfn
6]lnkmf]g M %%%@&^$, %%%@&^%, %)!!^@%
km\ofS; M %%$&$@)
Od]n : [email protected]
www.wateraid.org/nepal
2
lzIf0f ;fdfu|Lsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro
;/;kmfO / :jR5 kfgL ;DaGwL Jojxfl/s 1fg lbg] p2]Zon] of] lˆnk rf6{ tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . k|:t't ljifonfO{ lgDg adf]lhd ljleGg (
zLif{sx?df ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 / tL x/]s zLif{snfO{ 5'§f–5'§} lˆnk rf6{df JofVof ul/Psf] 5 M
!= kfgL / ;/;kmfO
@= JolQmut ;/;kmfO
#= /h:jnf / ;/;kmfO
$= 3/fo;L ;/;kmfO
%= jftfj/0fLo ;/;kmfO
^= rkL{sf] k|of]u / jftfj/0fLo ;/;kmfO
&= ;/;kmfO / kmf]x/ d}nfsf] lj;h{g
*= kmf]x/ kfgLaf6 x'g] /f]ux? -s_
(= kmf]x/ kfgLaf6 x'g] /f]ux? -v_
pk/f]Qm zLif{ssf] jf/]df !÷! j6f lˆnk rf6{ 5'§f–5'§} tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . To;}n] of] lzIf0f ;fdfu|L tL ( j6f lˆNk rf6{x?sf] ;dli6ut
;]6 xf] . lˆnk rf6{sf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ul/Psf] o; lzIf0f ;fdfu|Ldf pQm ljifosf] jf/]df lrqåf/f JofVof ul/Psf] 5 .
of] lzIf0f ;fdfu|L ;fdflhs / cfly{s ?kn] lk5l8Psf ;d'bfonfO{ nlIft u/]/ tof/ ul/Psf] 5 oBlk o;sf] k|of]uaf6 cGo hg;d'bfox? klg
nfefjlGgt x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
nlIft ;d'bfonfO{ ;/;kmfO / :jR5 kfgLsf] jf/]df Jojxfl/s 1fg lbgsf] nflu kl/rofTds tflnd cfof]hgf ul/G5 / pQm tflndsf]
gfd ;/;kmfO / :jR5 kfgL ;DaGwL Jojxfl/s 1fg lbg] tflnd x'g]5 .
tflnddf nlIft ;d'bfosf 3/kl/jf/af6 3/d"nL, cGo cleefjs, dlxnf, afnaflnsf, ckf+utf ePsf JolQmx? / ;dfhsf cu'jfx?
;xefuL x'g]5g\ / tflnd ;+rfngsf] nflu :yfgLo :t/sf :jf:Yo :jo+;]js, :jo+;]ljsfx? ;xhstf{ x'g]5g\ .
3
lzIf0f ;fdfu|Lsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro
;dli6ut ?kdf o; tflndaf6 lgDglnlvt p2]Zox? xfFl;n ug{ ;lsg]5 eGg] cfzf ul/Psf] 5 M
-s_
;xefuLx?n] ;/;kmfO / :jR5 kfgLsf] jf/]df cfwf/e"t 1fg k|fKt ug]{5g\ .
-v_
nlIft ;d'bfosf x/]s 3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?df ;/;kmfO / :jR5 kfgL ;DaGwL afgL Jojxf/df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g cfpg]5 .
;xefuLx?n] tflnddf l;s]sf s'/fx?nfO{ Jojxf/df nfu" ug]{5g\ h;sf] kmn:j?k nlIft ;d'bfodf b"lift kfgLsf] k|of]u / kmf]x/ d}nfsf]
sf/0faf6 x'g] /f]ux? nfUg] b/df sdL cfpg]5 / tL /f]uaf6 x'g] d[To' b/df sdL cfpg]5 .
of] tflnddf k|foMh;f] ;xeflutfd"ns lzIf0f ljlwx? g} k|of]u ul/G5 / k|To]s zLif{ssf] nflu ! 306feGbf s]xLa9L ;do nfUg]5 . To;}
n] x/]s lbg #÷# j6f zLif{ssf] jf/]df tflnd ug]{u/L tflnd ;~rfng tflnsf tof/ ug'{kg]{5 .
of] lzIf0f ;fdfu|L n]vk9 ug{ ghfGg] ;d"xnfO{ nlIft u/]/ tof/ ul/Psf] x'Fbf ;DalGwt ljifoj:t'sf] jf/]df lrqx?sf] dfWodaf6 hfgsf/L
lbg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . cufl8sf] kfgfdf lrqx? lbOPsf] 5eg] k5fl8sf] kfgfdf pQm ljifojf/] 5f]6s/Ldf j0f{g ul/Psf]5 . k5fl8sf]
kfgfdf n]lvPsf] ;f] ljj/0f ;xhstf{n] k9\b} cufl8sf] kfgfdf lbOPsf lrqx?n] ;+s]t u/]s]f s'/f :ki6 x'g]u/L atfpg' k5{ .
4
o; lˆnk rf6{df ;d]l6Psf ljifoj:t'x?
;/;kmfO
;/;kmfO / xfd|f] :jf:Yo
;/;kmfOsf] lsl;d
3/fo;L ;/;kmfO
– vfg]s'/f / lkpg] kfgLsf] ;/;kmfO
– kfgL /fVg] efF8fx¿sf] ;/;kmfO
– rkL{sf] ;/;kmfO
– efG;f sf]7f / 3/sf c? sf]7fx¿sf] ;/;kmfO
– cf]5\ofg / 3/sf c¿ sk8fx?sf] ;/;kmfO
– cfFug / 3/ jl/kl/sf] ;/;kmfO
– j:t'efp kfNg] uf]7sf] ;/;kmfO
5
;/;kmfO
;/;kmfO eGg] zAb kfFrj6f cIf/x? ldn]/ ag]sf] x'G5 . tL cIf/x? dWo] x/]s cIf/sf] 5'§f-5'§} cy{ nfU5 . h:t} M
;
M
;?jf /f]u
/
M
/f]uaf6 aRg÷arfpg
;
M
;kmf–;'U3/ ;a}sf] nflu
kmf M
kmfObf lnO{ :j:y x'g
O
OHht /fvL cfˆgf] 3/–6f]nsf] zf]ef a9fpg
M
ofb ug'{xf];\ M
;?jf /f]uaf6 aRg / arfpg, z/L/ ;kmf /fVg, n'uf w'g, cfFug, 3/ jl/kl/, af6f]3f6f] kmf]xf]/ x'g glbg ul/g] ;a} k|sf/sf sfo{x¿nfO{
;/;kmfO elgG5 .
;¿jf /f]uaf6 aRgsf] nflu /f]u ;fg]{ ljleGg dfWodx¿nfO{ /f]Sgsf] nflu ckgfOg] ;a} k|of;x¿nfO{ ;/;kmfO elgG5 .
kfgL, vfgf / xfjfnfO{ k|b"lift x'gaf6 /f]s]/ dflg;nfO{ nfUg] /f]ux¿af6 aRg ckgfOg] pkfox¿nfO{ ;/;kmfO elgG5 .
6
;/;kmfO
7
;/;kmfO / xfd|f] :jf:Yo
kmf]x/ d}nfsf] sf/0faf6 x}hf, 6fOkmfO8, sdnlkQ -hl08;_, emf8f–kvfnf, cfpF, k]6df h'sf kg]{, n'tf], bfFb, 3fp–vl6/f, cfFvf kfSg]
/f]u -6«sf]df_ h:tf ;?jf /f]ux? nfU5g\ .
3/jl/kl/sf] jftfj/0f ;kmf gx'Fbf nfdv'§], e';'gf, d';f, sL/f–km6\ofª\u|f x's{g] df}sf kfpF5g\ / To;af6 cf}nf], sfnfhf/, OG;]kmnfO{l6;,
xfQLkfOn] h:tf ls6hGo /f]ux? nfU5g\ .
kmf]x/ d}nfsf] sf/0faf6 nfUg] /f]ux?sf] ;d:of g]kfnsf] zx/L If]q / u|fdL0f If]q b'a}df plQs} ?kdf b]lvPsf] 5 .
ofb ug'{xf];\ M kmf]x/ d}nfaf6 nfUg] /f]ux?af6 aRgsf] nflu
vfg]kfgL :jR5 x'g'k5{ .
JolQmut ;/;kmfOdf ljz]if Wofg lbg'k5{ .
g'xfpg, w'gsf] nflu k|z:t kfgL x'g'k5{ .
g'xfpg, w'gsf] nflu k|of]u ul/g] kfgL ;kmf x'g'k5{ .
rkL{df dfq lb;f lk;fa ug]{ afgL a;fNg' k5{ .
lb;f lk;fa, dn d"q / c? kmf]x/ d}nfsf] plrt Joj:yfkg ug'{k5{ .
8
;/;kmfO / xfd|f] :jf:Yo
9
;/;kmfO / xfd|f] :jf:Yo
kmf]x/ d}nfsf] sf/0faf6 x}hf, emf8f–kvfnf, cfpF, h'sf, sdnlkQ, 6fOkmfO8 h:tf ;?jf /f]ux?af6 xfdL u|l;t eO/x]sf x'G5f}+ . lsgeg] M
xfd|f] lb;fdf ljleGg /f]usf sL6f0f'x? /x]sf x'G5g\ . olb xfdLn] v'nf 7fpFdf lb;f u¥of}+eg] lb;fdf /x]sf /f]usf sL6f0f'x? ljleGg
dfWodaf6 xfdLn] vfG5f} / xfdLnfO{ /f]u nfU5 .
v'nf 7fpFdf lb;f ubf{ lb;fdf /x]sf /f]usf sL6f0f'x? w'nf]–df6f]df ldl;G5g\ / jftfj/0fdf hxfFtxL km}lnG5g\ . /f]usf sL6f0f'x? kmf]x/
d}nfdf w]/} ;do;Dd afFRg ;S5g\ / lemËfx? kmf]x/ d}nf / lb;fdf g} a:g ?rfpF5g\ .
kmf]x/ d}nf, lb;fdf a;]sf lemËfsf] z/L/df /f]usf sL6f0f'x? 6fFl;Psf x'G5g\ . tL lemËfx? cfP/ xfd|f] vfg]s'/fdf a:5g\ / To;}j]nf
/f]usf sL6f0f'x? vfg]s'/fdf ldl;G5g\ . xfdLn] Tof] vfgf vfG5f} / xfdLnfO{ /f]u nfU5 .
lb;f w'Fbf, aRrfnfO{ lb;f wf]O{lbFbf, v]tjf/Ldf sfdubf{, kmf]x/ d}nfsf] sfdubf{ xfd|f] xftdf /f]usf sL6f0f'x? 6fFl;P/ /x]sf x'G5g\ .
To;}n] xft gwf]Osg vfgf vfPdf tL sL6f0f'x? xfd|f] k]6df hfG5g\ / xfdLnfO{ /f]u nfU5 .
t/sf/L, kmnkm"ndf klg /f]usf sL6f0f'x? 6fFl;Psf x'G5g\ / sfFr} vfg] d'nf, ufh/, kmnkm"n /fd|/L gkvfn]/ vfPdf klg To;df /x]sf
sL6f0f'x? klg vfOG5 / xfdLnfO{ /f]u nfU5 .
10
;/;kmfO / xfd|f] :jf:Yo
11
;/;kmfOsf] lsl;d
;/;kmfOnfO{ ljz]ifu/]/ tLg # efudf af8\g ;lsG5 M
JolQmut ;/;kmfO M xfdLn] cfˆgf] nflu ul/g] ;/;kmfOnfO{ JolQmut ;/;kmfO elgG5 .
3/fo;L ;/;kmfO M 3/ leq aflx/, cfFug / 3/sf] jl/kl/ ul/g] ;/;kmfOnfO{ 3/fo;L ;/;kmfO elgG5 .
jftfj/0fLo ;/;kmfO M ufpF, 6f]n, 5/l5d]s, ;x/–ahf/df ul/g] ;/;kmfOnfO{ jftfj/0fLo ;/;kmfO elgG5 .
ofb ug'{xf];\ M
;'/lIft tl/sfn] lb;fsf] lj;h{g ug]{, ;fa'g kfgLn] xft w'g] / :jR5 kfgL lkpg]
xfd|f] hLjg arfpg] ;/;kmfO ;DaGwL # j6f d"Vo Jojxf/x? x'g\ .
12
;/;kmfOsf] lsl;d
13
3/fo;L ;/;kmfO
3/fo;L ;/;kmfOdf d"Vo u/]/ oL ;/;kmfOx? kb{5g\ M
vfg]s'/f / lkpg] kfgLsf] ;/;kmfO
kfgL /fVg] efF8fx¿sf] ;/;kmfO
rkL{sf] ;/;kmfO
efG;f sf]7f / 3/sf c? sf]7fx¿sf] ;/;kmfO
cf]5\ofg / 3/sf c¿ sk8fx?sf] ;/;kmfO
cfFËg / 3/ jl/kl/sf] ;/;kmfO
j:t'efp kfNg] uf]7sf] ;/;kmfO
14
3/fo;L ;/;kmfO
15
3/fo;L ;/;kmfO
!= vfg]s'/f / lkpg] kfgLsf] ;/;kmfO
ksfPsf vfg]s'/fx? / lkpg] kfgL ;w}+ g} 5f]k]/ /fVg'k5{ .
vfg]s'/f tof/ ug]{ 7fpF, vfg] 7fpF / vfg] efF8f–s'8f ;kmf x'g'k5{ .
vfg] efF8fx¿ h:t} yfn, srf}/f, Kn]6, lunf; wf]Pkl5 3fddf ;'sfpg' pko'Qm x'G5 .
d'nf, ufh/ h:tf sfr} vfg] t/sf/L / / kmnkm"n ;kmf kfgLn] kvfn]/ dfq vfg'k5{ .
ofb ug'{xf];\ M
sL/f–km6ofª\u|f, lemFuf, ;fª\nfaf6 aRg vfg]s'/f, kfgL ;w}+ 5f]k]/ /fVg'k5{ .
af;L–;8]un]sf] vfg]s'/f slxNo} klg vfg' xF'b}g .
vfg]kfgL z'l4s/0f u/]/ dfq lkpg' k5{ .
g'xfpg, w'g k|of]u ul/g] kfgL ;d]t ;kmf x'g'k5{ .
16
;/;kmfO / xfd|f] :jf:Yo
17
@= kfgL /fVg] efF8fx¿sf] ;/;kmfO
kfgL yfKg' eGbf cufl8 tL efF8fx?nfO{ leq aflx/ ;kmf ug'{k5{ .
kfgL hDdfu/L /fVg] efF8fx? klg ;kmf u/]/ dfq kfgL /fVg'k5{ .
kfgL lkpg' eGbf klxn] kfgL lkpg] efF8f h:t} lunf;, cDvf]/f, s?jf ;kmf ug'{k5{ .
kfgL e/L;s]kl5 tL efF8fx?nfO{ /fd|/L 5f]k]/ /fVg'k5{ .
18
kfgL /fVg] efF8fx?sf] ;/;kmfO
19
#= rkL{sf] ;/;kmfO
rkL{df g} lb;f–lk;fa ug]{ afgL a;fNg' k5{ .
x/]s k6s lb;f–lk;fa ul/;s]kl5 rkL{nfO{ kfgLn] ;kmf ug'k{ 5{ .
rkL{df uGw gcfcf]; eg]/ a]nf–a]nfdf /fd|f/L aufP/ kfgLn] ;kmf ug{] .
rkL{ ;kmf /fv]df rkL{af6 b'uG{ w cfpFbg} , rkL{df lemFuf elG+sb}g / rkL{df uP/ lb;f lk;fa ug{ dg nfU5 .
ofb ug'{xf];\ M
rkL{ ;kmf /fVg k|z:t kfgLsf] h?/L x'G5 .
rkL{df ‰ofn, 9f]sf x'g'k5{ / rkL{ guPsf] a]nfdf klg tL ‰ofn, 9f]sf nufpg' k5{ .
20
rkL{sf] ;/;kmfO
21
$= efG;f sf]7f / 3/sf c? sf]7fx¿sf] ;/;kmfO
vfgf ksfpg' eGbfcl3 / vfgf vfPkl5 efG;f sf]7f ;kmf ug'{k5{ .
3/sf c¿ sf]7fx¿ klg slDtdf lbgsf] Ps k6s ;kmf ug'{k5{ .
efG;f sf]7f w'Fjf /lxt x'g'k5{ h;sf] nflu ;s];Dd w'Fjf /lxt r'Nxf] agfpg' k5{ .
w'Fjf /lxt r'Nxf] agfpg g;lsg] ePdf vfgf ksfpFbf sf]7f aflx/ w'Fjf hfg] lsl;dn] r'Nxf] agfpg' k5{ / efG;fdf xfjf cfjt–hfjt ug{
;Sg]u/L ‰ofn /fVg'k5{ .
efG;f sf]7f w'Fjf /lxt ePdf w'Fjfsf] sf/0faf6 x'g] bd, Zjf; k|:jf;, vf]sL h:tf kmf]S;f] ;DaGwL /f]ux? / cfFvf ;DaGwL /f]ux¿ nfUgaf6
aRg ;lsG5 .
efG;f sf]7f w'Fjf /lxt ePdf 3/ leqsf sk8fx¿ sfnf] x'g kfpFb}gg\ ;fy} efG;f / 3/sf c? sf]7fx¿ ;kmf b]lvG5g\ .
ofb ug'{xf];\ M
;Dej eP;Dd ‰ofn–9f]sfdf hfnL nufpg' k5{ .
3/ leq h'Qf nufpg' x'Fb}g .
22
efG;f sf]7f / 3/sf c? sf]7fx?sf] ;/;kmfO
23
%= cf]5\ofg / 3/sf c¿ sk8fx?sf] ;/;kmfO
cf]5\ofg / 3/sf c¿ sk8f ;kmf /fVgsf]nflu tL sk8fx?nfO{ slDtdf xKtfsf] Ps k6s 3fddf ;'sfpg' k5{ / s]xL;do ;Dd v'nf
xfjfdf /fVg'k5{ .
cf]5\ofg / 3/sf c? sk8f 3fddf /fv]df tL sk8fx?df /x]sf /f]usf ls6f0f'x¿ 3fdn] gi6 u5{ / To;af6 /f]u nfUg kfpFb}g .
aRrfn] cf]5\ofgdf lb;f–lk;fa u/]df cf]5\ofgnfO{ wf]P/ 3fddf ;'sfpg' k5{ .
24
cf]5\ofg / 3/sf c? sk8fx?sf] ;/;kmfO
25
^= cfFug / 3/ jl/kl/sf] ;/;kmfO
slDtdf lbgsf] @ k6s 3/ cufl8, k5fl8, cfFug ;kmf ug'{k5{ .
3/ jl/kl/ kfgL hDg] vf8n ePdf To;nfO{ k'g'{k5{ .
3/jl/kl/ emf/kft / cGo kmf]x/ d}nf y'kfg'{ x'Fb}g .
3/af6 lg:s]sf s'lxg] kmf]x/nfO{ vf8ndf hDdf ug'{k5{ .
3/ jl/kl/ emf8Lx¿ ePdf To;nfO{ kmfF8\g' k5{ .
s'lxg] kmf]x/nfO{ vf8ndf hDdf u/]df Tof] kmf]x/ kl5 sDkf]i6 dndf kl/0ft x'G5 / dnsf] ¿kdf v]tjf/Ldf k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
3/jl/kl/sf] jftfj/0f ;kmf /fv]df 3/jl/kl/ nfdv'§], e';'gf a:g kfpFb}g, ltgLx?sf] a[l4 x'g kfpFb}g / nfdv'§], e';'gfn] ;fg]{ /f]uaf6
aRg ;lsG5 .
ofb ug'{xf];\ M
cfFugdf lb;f–lk;fa, dn–d"q ˆofFSg' xF'b}g .
AffnaflnsfnfO{ cfFugdf, s/];fjf/Ldf slxNo} klg lb;f u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/nfO{ 5'F§} efF8f]df ;+sng u/]/ plrt tl/sfn] lj;h{g ug{'k5{ .
26
cfFug / 3/ jl/kl/sf] ;/;kmfO
27
&= j:t'efp kfNg] uf]7sf] ;/;kmfO
3/leq s'g}klg kz'k+IfL kfNg' x'Fb}g . o;sf] nflu 5'§} uf]7, vf]/ agfP/ kfNg'k5{ .
j:t'efp kfNg] uf]7 3/eGbf s]xL 6f9f x'g'k5{ / uf]7 ;kmf x'g'k5{ .
kz'k+IfLnfO{ 3/leq k:g lbg' x'Fb}g / ltgLx?nfO{ s]6fs]6L;Fu v]Ng lbg' x'Fb}g .
ufO{ j:t'sf] dn–d"q dflg;sf] h:t} xflgsf/s x'G5 . To;}n] j:t'efpsf] dn–d"q vf8ndf hDdf u/]/ dn agfpg' k5{ .
j:t'efpsf] dn–d"q vf8ndf hDdf u/]df dn agfpg ;lsG5, dn v]tjf/Ldf k|of]u u/]/ cGgjfnL a9L pAhfpg ;lsG5, / dn–d"qaf6
;g]{ /f]ux?af6 aRg ;lsG5 .
ofb ug'{xf];\ M
3/kfn'jf hgfj/ / kz'k+5L h:t} ufO{, e}+;L, s's'/, lj/fnf], ;'Fu'/, xfF;, s'v'/f hxfFtxL hfG5g\, h] kfof] ToxL vfG5g\, kmf]x/ d}nfsf]
;Dks{df cfpF5g\ .
kz'k+IfLx? 3/df cfP/ s]6fs]6Lx¿;Fu v]N5g\, xft rf6\5g\, vfg nfu]sf] vfg]s'/f vfOlbG5g\ / kmfx]f/af6 NofPsf /f]usf ls6f0f'x¿
;f5{g\ / s]6fs]6Lx¿ la/fdL k5{g\ .
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j:t'efp kfNg] uf]7sf] ;/;kmfO
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