Rushden Community College
Year 10 Science Homework
Module of Work – C1b
Oils, Earth & Atmosphere
Foundation & Higher Tier
• These questions cover 6 weeks of work.
• Print out the pages for the questions you have been
set by your teacher.
• Remember to write your Name, Form and Science
Teacher who set you the work on the front.
Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
1.
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
Petrol is one of the fractions obtained from crude oil by fractional distillation.
(a)
What is a fraction?
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
The demand for petrol exceeds the supply and is increased by cracking. Explain what
is meant by cracking.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
[2]
2.
Paraffin oil is a liquid produced from crude oil by fractional distillation.
(a)
Explain how fractional distillation works.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
Paraffin oil can be treated as shown in the diagram to produce two simpler products.
C a ta ly s t
(b ro k e n u n g la z e d
p o tte ry )
G a se o u s p ro d u c t
M in e ra l w o o l
s o a k e d in
p a ra ffin o il
heat
(b)
What is the name given to this process?
..................................................................................................................................[1]
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
3.
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
Petrol is one of the fractions obtained from crude oil by fractional distillation.
(a)
What is a fraction?
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
The demand for petrol exceeds the supply and is increased by cracking.
Explain what is meant by cracking.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
4.
Polythene is a thermosoftening plastic made by the addition polymerisation of ethene.
(i)
Give two properties of thermosoftening plastics.
1 ................................................................................................................................
2 ................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii)
Complete the diagram below to show the repeating unit in the structure of polythene.
(
)
n
[1]
5.
Natural gas, which is mainly methane, is an important fossil fuel which is burned in
power stations.
(a)
(i)
Write a balanced symbol equation to show the complete combustion of
methane, CH4
[2]
Burning fossil fuels can produce sulphur dioxide gas which pollutes the atmosphere.
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
(ii)
Why is it important to control this pollution and how can this be done?
[2]
(b)
(i)
Describe how bromine water can be used to distinguish between the gases
propane and propene. State clearly what you would expect to observe.
[4]
Propene is used to make polypropene by the reaction:
H CH
(ii)
3
H CH
n C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
3
n
Describe the type of reaction given above and give one use of polypropene.
[2]
[1]
(c)
(i)
Vinegar shows the typical chemical reactions of an acid, such as hydrochloric
acid. Describe what you would expect to observe if zinc powder was added to
vinegar.
[2]
(ii)
How could you use vinegar to show that the white solid used to help make
dried peas "mushy" is sodium carbonate and not sodium chloride?
[2]
6.
When copper carbonate undergoes thermal decomposition, a black solid and a gas are
formed.
(a)
Name the gas formed in this reaction.
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
.....................................................................................................................................
[1]
Hydrocarbons can also be broken down by thermal decomposition in the presence of a catalyst.
D ecane
C 10 H 22
(b)
H eat
+
C a ta ly s t
O c ta n e
C 8H
+
18
E th e n e
C 2H
4
What name is usually given to this type of thermal decomposition?
.....................................................................................................................................
[2]
7.
The process in which many molecules of an alkene join together to form long chains
is known as
A
addition polymerisation.
B
combustion.
C
condensation polymerisation.
D
displacement.
E
reduction.
[1]
8.
Which one of the following polymers is produced by a condensation reaction?
A
Polypropene
B
Polystyrene
C
Polythene
D
Polyvinyl chloride
E
Terylene
[1]
9.
The polymer PVC is used for guttering and pipes, electrical insulation and floor covering.
From which of the following is PVC manufactured?
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
Cl
H
A
C
C
H
Cl
H
H
B
C
C
Cl
Cl
H
H
C
C
C
Cl
H
D
H
E
10.
Cl
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
C l
Cl
[1]
Polythene is manufactured from
A
H
B
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
11.
H
H
H
C
H
E
H
H
H
D
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
C
H
[1]
The monomer from which PVC is made has the formula
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
A
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
Cl
B
H
H
C
C
H
Cl
C
C
H
C
C
Cl Cl
Cl Cl
D
H
Cl Cl
C
E
Cl H
C
C
Cl Cl
[1]
The monomer from which PVC is made has the formula
A
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
Cl
B
H
H
C
C
H
Cl
C
C
C
C
C
Cl Cl
E
Cl H
12.
H
Cl Cl
Cl Cl
D
H
C
C
Cl Cl
[1]
The list below gives five commonly used materials.
A
Ammonia
B
Diesel
C
Lignite
D
Limestone
E
Solder
Select a material which is used in the manufacture of nylon.
[1]
13.
Crude oil is one of the most important raw materials in the world today. Name THREE
substances which are manufactured from crude oil.
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
(a )
(b )
CRUDE
O IL
(c )
[3]
14.
Study the information given in the table below.
Type of material
Typical properties
Ceramics
Hard; brittle; high melting points;
heat resistant; chemically unreactive
Plastics
Flexible; easily melted and moulded;
wide range of properties depending on the
specific plastic; some burn when heated in air
Polythene is described as a THERMOSOFTENING plastic.
(a)
What do you understand by the term thermosoftening?
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................[1]
(b)
(i)
Write down ONE use of polythene.
................................................................................................................[1]
(ii)
Explain how the structure of polythene makes it suitable for this use.
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................[1]
15.
Many kettles are now made of different types of plastic. The diagram below shows a
kettle and some of the different materials used to make the kettle.
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
body of
k e ttle
f le x
M a te r ia ls u s e d
tra n s p a re n t p la s tic
h e a tp r o o f p la s tic
c o p p e r w ire
s o ft fle x ib le p la stic
w a te r le v e l
in d ic a to r
(a)
Where on the kettle would you use the soft flexible plastic?
...................................................................................................................................[1]
(b)
Which material is used to make the water level indicator?
..................................................................................................................................[1]
(c)
What sort of material would you use to make the body of the kettle?
...................................................................................................................................[1]
16.
The structures of TWO different types of plastic are shown in the diagrams below.
lo n g
m o le c u le
P la stic A
lo n g
m o le c u le
P la stic B
(a)
Which plastic, A or B, would you expect to be the most flexible? Give a reason for
your choice.
Plastic.........................................................................................................................
Reason........................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b)
What name is given to the type of plastic represented by A?
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
17.
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
This diagram shows a three-pin electric plug.
C opper
w ire
F use
P la s tic
cover
P la s tic F le x
(a)
One type of plastic is thermosetting. Name the other type of plastic.
.....................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Why is the plug cover made of thermosetting plastic?
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
Why is the flex not made of thermosetting plastic?
.....................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d)
Why is copper used in the wires?
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
[1]
18.
Plastic materials can be used instead of glass or wood. For both of the following give a
different reason for using plastic.
(a)
(i)
Plastic window panes (instead of glass).
Reason ..............................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Plastic garden chairs (instead of wood). Reason
Reason ..............................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
[1]
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
(b)
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
Why is plastic not used instead of diamond in cutting tools?
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
[1]
19.
When jelly crystals are added to water they form a solution. When left for some time this
becomes a gel. What is meant by each of the following terms?
(a)
SOLUTION
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
GEL
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
[2]
20. Use your knowledge of different types of mixtures to complete the gaps in the table below.
T y p e o f M ix tu re
D e s c rip tio n
E x a m p le
tin y d ro p le ts
o f o n e liq u id
s u s p e n d e d in
a n o th e r
M IL K
S o lid fo a m
SPO N G E
CA K E
[3]
21.
(a)
Milk can be described as an emulsion. What are the features of an emulsion?
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
[2]
(b)
When milk is heated with custard powder and then allowed to cool, a new kind of mixture
is produced which can be set in moulds.
What name is given to the new type of mixture produced?
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
(a)
Milk can be described as an emulsion. What are the features of an emulsion?
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b)
When milk is heated with custard powder and then allowed to cool, a new kind of mixture
is produced which can be set in moulds.
What name is given to the new type of mixture produced?
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
22.
This question is all about one of the techniques that can be used to separate mixtures.
Liquids which do not mix can be separated using the apparatus drawn below.
A
B
Tap
(a)
Which of the two liquids A or B is more dense?
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
What name is given to the piece of apparatus used to separate these two liquids?
....................................................................................................................................
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
[1]
(c)
Why can a mixture of alcohol and water not be separated by this method?
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
23.
In the warm summer of 1995 there were record sales of sun tan lotion. These lotions
contain small droplets of almond oil dispersed throughout another liquid.
Sun Tan
Lotion
Fac tor 8
(a)
What is the name given to this type of mixture?
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Give a different example of this type of mixture.
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
Meringue is described as a solid foam. What are the essential features of a foam?
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
24.
You are to complete the diagram of the Earth.
Use the words in the box to do this.
Then answer the questions which follow.
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
crust
mantle
inner core
outer core
a)
From which part of the Earth do we get our minerals?
b) What are the main two metals making up the Earth’s core?
..................................................................................................................................
c) In the core:
a) Why is the outer part a liquid? ...........................................................................
b) Why is the inner part a solid? .............................................................................
d) Where did we get our evidence about the Earth’s structure? ...................................
..................................................................................................................................
e) In a few words, describe the mantle. ........................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
25. Answer the questions below using this map of tectonic plates.
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
Explain why:
a) London gets very few earthquakes.
..................................................................................................................................
b) Los Angeles is preparing itself for a large earthquake. ............................................
..................................................................................................................................
c) Iceland is getting wider every year by about 4 cm. ...................................................
..................................................................................................................................
d) The Himalayas are getting higher year by year. .......................................................
..................................................................................................................................
e) The Earth’s crust stays the same size. .....................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
26. You are to fill in the diagram below of the oxygen and carbon dioxide in the
air.
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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Year 10 Homework Module C1b Oils, Earth & Atmosphere – Foundation Tier
Name………………………….…….
Form…………… Date……….. Teacher…………
Use your notes and knowledge.
a) How do plants and animals maintain constant levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen
in the atmosphere?
..................................................................................................................................
b) What process uses fossil fuels and is upsetting the balance of CO2 in the
atmosphere?
ASmith Year 10 Homework C1b Foundation Tier Questions 08/08/06
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