ESTABLISHMENT AND
GROWTH OF THE 13
COLONIES
● If April showers bring May flowers what do
May flowers bring??
● Pilgrims
NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
NEW ENGLAND
Objectives
● How did the name “Puritan” gain its meaning?
● What is the “Great Migration” and what was its
affect?
3 DISTINCT
REGIONS
● New England
● Middle
● South
PLYMOUTH COLONY
WHAT WERE PURITANS?
Catholic
● Background
● England broke away from the Catholic Church
and created the Anglican Church(Protestant)
Protestant
● However, many Anglican continued many
Catholic traditions and practices
Puritan
Anglican
● Some people wanted a
“purer” kind of church
● These Puritans left England to
create a new church/religion
THE PLYMOUTH
UPSTART
● A group of 100 Puritans- aka Pilgrims
set out to the new world on the
Mayflower - 1620
● 1st Order- Mayflower Compact- Pilgrims agreed
to follow set laws before leaving ship
● 1st settlement was called Plymouth
● 1st Winter ½ the population died
GREAT MIGRATION
● Over the next two
decades, thousands of
English migrated to the
Plymouth area
● They named the colony
Massachusetts Bay
● Consisted of 20,000 plus
people
● 20 Towns, Capital Boston
● Mainly Protestant(Puritans)
NEW ENGLAND
Objectives
● How did the name “Puritan” gain its meaning?
● Group of Protestants looking for a “Purer” church
● What is the “Great Migration” and what was its
effect?
● Large migration of people from Europe to the
“New World”
● Population increased greatly
● Many new towns sprang up
CITY ON THE HILL
CITY ON THE HILL
Objectives
● What was John Winthrop’s expectation for
Boston with his “city on the hill” speech?
● What are some examples of Puritan Justice?
● What were the Salem Witch Trials?
●Would it be worse to be thrown in jail
for a night or humiliated in public for
24 hours?
BOSTON “CITY ON THE
HILL”
● John Winthrop- “ We must
consider that we shall be as
a city upon a hill. The eyes
of all people are upon us.”
● Boston was to be the role model
for all New England Cities
● Religious Unity and Strong Commitment
● Strict Social Order
● Personal Order- Healthy, Cleanliness,
Manners
PURITAN STRICT SOCIAL CONTROL=
OUT OF CONTROL
● Blue Laws- Laws created to
protect the Sabbath ( Sunday)
● No working, No playing cards, No
businesses may be open
● You must attend church
● Intense punishments
● Stocks, Whipping, Dunking Stool,
Branding, Letter Wearing etc.
● Salem Witch Trials
● Women accused of Witch craft
● Mass Hysteria- Upwards of 20
people and 2 dogs put to death
https://youtu.be/3MmV42tUjfs
CITY ON THE HILL
Objectives
● What was John Winthrop’s expectation for
Boston with his “city on the hill” speech?
● Boston should be a positive example for all
colonies
● What are some examples of Puritan Justice
● Whipping, stocks, dunking stool, branding, letter
wearing
What were the Salem Witch Trials?
● Large fear of women being witches
● 9 women put to death
NATIVE AMERICA
CONFLICTS
NATIVE AMERICA CONFLICTS
Objectives
● Why did conflict arise between New England
settlers and Native Americans?
● What does the English Philosophy: “Our way
or the Highway. Preferably the Highway”
mean?
●What does the phrase “My way or
the highway mean?”
CONFLICTS WITH NATIVES
● English want to move west
● New Settlers were pushing Natives
from their homeland
●
“Our way or the Highway.
Preferably the Highway”
● Pequot War● Pequot Indians attack first
against Connecticut settlers
● English response- Eliminate the
Pequot. Hunt them down
● Burnt down a Pequot fort- killed
everyone(500) inside
CONFLICTS WITH NATIVES
● King Philips War
● Metacom (King Philip) creates
an alliance of Indian tribes
● Attacks and destroys 20 towns,
thousands of settlers
● English unite and employ
natives to help defeat Indians
● Result of Wars
● Native American life in New
England was virtually extinct
NATIVE AMERICA CONFLICTS
Objectives
● Why did conflict arise between New England
settlers and Native Americas?
● English settlers were moving farther west
● What does the English Philosophy: “Our way
or the Highway. Preferably the Highway”
mean?
● Do what we tell you or move
● Preferably, just move
NEW YORK SETTLEMENT
Objectives
● What was the Dutch settlement approach to
the Americas?
● How did the English gain a foothold in the
Dutch territory?
●What are some things that you
associate with the Dutch??? Towns,
material things, names, etc.
● Dutch Settlement
NEW YORK- STOLEN
PROPERTY
● The Dutch settled the Middle Colonies First,
Calling it New Amsterdam
● They acted like the French
●
Little interest in changing the Natives
●
Little interest in developing the land
●
Major interest in trading and turning a
profit
ENGLISH MOVE IN
● The English Move In
● The Duke of York claimed the
land as English territory
● He sent in War Ships and
Soldiers
● Dutch surrender- No Choice
they had no forts, army,
soldiers
● New Netherland renamed- New
York
● Dutch legacy● Wall Street(original wall to keep
out Natives), Broadway
● Legends- Santa Claus, Rip Van
Winkle
NEW YORK SETTLEMENT
Objectives
● What was the Dutch settlement approach to
the Americas?
● Work with the natives and trade with them
● How did the English gain a foothold in the
Dutch territory?
● Duke of York sent in his army
● Dutch have no military
PENNSYLVANIA, NEW
JERSEY, DELAWARE
OTHER MIDDLE COLONIES
Objectives
● What was Penn’s “Holy Experiment” in the
founding of Pennsylvania?
WILLIAM PENN AND
PENNSYLVANIA
● William Penn Land
●
Received a large land grant from the King of
England- Pennsylvania = Penn’s woods
● Pennsylvania – Penn’s Holy
Experiment
● Compensate Natives for taking land
● All people are equal- No slaves, Women rights
● All religions accepted and tolerated
● All ethnic background are accepted and
tolerated
NEW JERSEY AND DELAWARE
● Both of these colonies were
expansions of Pennsylvania and
New York
● Delaware
● Closely linked to Pennsylvania
● Different legislations- Same Governor
● New Jersey
● Divided into two sections East and West
● East Jersey- Linked with New York
● West Jersey- Linked with Pennsylvania
OTHER MIDDLE COLONIES
Objectives
● What was Penn’s “Holy Experiment” in the
founding of Pennsylvania?
● Work with natives
● Equality for all people – no slaves
● All religions are allowed
SOUTHERN COLONIES
SOUTHERN COLONIES
Objectives
● How did the Economy of the Southern
Colonies differ from the Northern Colonies?
● What unique motivation helped populate
Georgia?
VIRGINIA
● Jamestown- TOBACCO
● Old School
● Yeomen Farmer
●
Small Scale
● Hiring Indentured servants
● New twist
● Build Plantations
●
Large farms
● Less Indentured Servants Coming
to America
●
Solution = African Slaves
GEORGIA
● Georgia
● Became a place where debtors and prisoners
of England could start over
● Two purposes
●
Freed up overcrowded English
Prisons
●
Created as buffer between Spanish
Florida and Carolinas
SOUTHERN COLONIES
Objectives
● How did the Economy of the Southern
Colonies differ from the Northern Colonies?
● Large agricultural (Tobacco) production
● Relied heavily on slavery
● What unique motivation help populate
Georgia?
● Debtors and prisoners were sent there to start over
ON A SEPARATE PIECE OF
PAPER, COPY THE
INFORMATION FROM THE
FOLLOWING SLIDE.
ENGLISH COLONIAL BREAKDOWN
Region
Reasons for Settlement/Uniqueness
Massachusetts
New England
1st Puritan Settlement
New Hampshire
New England
Puritan Expansion
Connecticut
New England
Puritan Expansion
Rhode Island
New England
Break from Puritan Beliefs- Separation between
State and Church
New York
Middle
Trade/Farming, Stolen from the Dutch
Delaware
Middle
Expansion of Pennsylvania/Trade and Fur
New Jersey
Middle
Trade/Fur
Pennsylvania
Middle
Quakers- Social and Religious Tolerance
Virginia
South
First English Settlement-1st Gold 2nd Tobacco, 1st
servants 2nd slaves
Maryland
South
Cash crops Tobacco
North, South Carolina
South
Tobacco/Native American Trade
Georgia
South
Create a Buffer zone, location of convicts