KIM (KRYST OL INTERNAL MEMBRANE)
WATER PROOFING ADMIX T U RE FOR CONCRE T E
P roduct C odes: K-300, K-301
P ag e 1 of 4
QU E S T I ON S : 1 - 8 0 0 - 2 6 7 - 8 2 8 0 o r www.kr yto n .c o m
B EN EFITS
Chemical admixture in dry powder form effective in creating waterproof concrete.
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WHAT IS KIM?
KIM is t he wo rld ' s o n ly p e rm anent , s el f -s eal i ng, c orros io n -fr ee,
c oncr e t e waterp ro o fer. KI M i s a c hem i c al adm i x t ure used fo r th e
treat m e nt o f c o n c rete an d c onc ret e produc t s t o prot ect a ga in s t
wa te r int r u sio n , leakage, c rac k i ng, c hem i c al at t ac k , and
c orr osion of rein fo rc in g s t eel . K I M i s a m ore rel i abl e a n d co s teffec t iv e a l tern ative to tradit i onal w at erproof i ng m em b r a n es
because KIM tu rn s th e conc ret e i t s el f i nt o t he m em bra n e.
HOW DOES KIM WORK?
When moisture is removed as the concrete dries, the active
ingredients of KIM will sit dormant. Sometimes new cracks will
form in concrete from drying, settling or some other cause.
Water entering through these cracks will come into contact with
the dormant chemicals of KIM and cause them to become active
again. New crystals form and grow to shut off the water. This
ability of the chemicals to sit dormant and then become active
again in the presence of water, gives the treated concrete a
"self-sealing" ability. The self-sealing ability of KIM is one of its
best and most unique features. Self-sealing properties can save
enormous repair costs.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
C o lor
Textu re
P article size
Bu lk density
Water pressure resistance
E limin a t e s t h e n e e d f o r co st ly w a t e rp r o o f i n g
me mb r a n e s , lin e r s o r co a t in g s .
P ro t e ct s re in f o r cin g s t e e l fro m co rr o s ion
R e d u ce s s h rin ka g e a n d cr a ckin g
S e lf -s e a ls a n y h a irlin e cr a cks t h a t ma y o c c u r
f ro m s u b s e q u e n t s h r in ka g e , s et t lin g o r sh i f t i n g
E limin a t e s t h e r is k o f co s tly r e p a irs a n d d a m a g e
f ro m f a ile d me mb ra n e s ys t e ms.
P r o vid e s e x ce lle n t re s is t a n ce to w a t e r b o r n e
ch e mica ls s u ch a s s u lp h a t e s a n d ch lo r i d e s
F a cilit a t e s u n iq u e d e s ig n o p t ion s a n d ut i l i z a t i o n
o f g re a t e r p ro p e r t y a re a
F a cilit a t e s f a s t e r b a ckf illin g -sa vi n g t im e a n d
mo n e y
D ive rs if ie s p r o d u ct lin e t o d is t in g u is h t h e
co n cre t e ma n u f a ct u re r f ro m t h e ir co m p e t i t i o n .
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Adding KIM to concrete enhances the concrete's natural
hydration process by intensifying and prolonging the hydration
of the cementing materials. Capillary pores are reduced in both
size and number. The concrete is made dramatically less porous.
At the same time, KIM fills all remaining pores and capillaries
with millions of long, needle-like crystals throughout the
concrete mass. The resulting concrete is impermeable to the
migration of water or waterborne chemicals.
Gray
Powder
40-150 micr o n s
~1.4
140m (460ft .) h e a d
T E CHNI CALDATA
SHORT PRODUCT DE SCR I P T I ON
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TY P IC A L A P P LIC A TIO N S
KIM is recommended for all new above and below grade
concrete that will benefit from waterproofing and corrosion
protection.
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Foundations and retaining walls
Potable water and wastewater containment structures
On ground and suspended slabs, raft slabs
Bridges and parking structures
Tunnels and pipelines
Pools, aquariums and water features
Marine structures
Architectural concrete
Shotcrete
Pre-cast and tilt-up
Virtually all concrete requiring crack reduction and durability
properties
· Compatible with self consolidating concrete (SCC)
· Compatible with fiber-reinforced concrete
K IM HS
This specialized version of KIM is available with reduced
air-entrainment properties. KIM HS is designed for applications
where freeze/thaw resistance is not required. Typically, concrete
with lower air content will produce higher compressive strength
results.
The Kryton Group of Companies.
8280 Ross Street, Vancouver B.C. Canada V5X 4C6 Tel.: 1-604-324-8280 Toll Free: 1-800-267-8280 Fax: 1-604-324-8899 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kryton.com
KI M ( KR YSTOL I NTER NAL M E MB RAN E )
APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS
Kryton representation is available for on site pours and prepour consultation. A pre-pour conference with the general
contractor, forming contractor, finisher, concrete supplier and
materials testing engineer is recommended. Be sure to
distribute and follow the instructions contained in Technical
Bulletins 301 through 305.
PRECAUTIONS
W A T E R P R O O F I N G A D M I X T UR E FO R CO N CRETE
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WO R K A B ILITY
KIM en h a n ces th e w o r ka bili ty a n d p la s tic p r ope rtie s of concre te
in ma n y w a ys . KIM p r o vid es p la s ticizin g effects at low and
h igh s lu mp r eq u ir emen ts a n d p r o vid es b etter flow and
co n s o lid a tio n even a t low s lu mp s . KIM w o r ks ve ry we ll with
s u p er p la s ticizer s to a ch ieve h igh s lu mp s fo r long pumping
d is ta n ces a n d u n iq u e a p p lica tio n s w ith o u t s e g re g ation. B e st
r es u lts w ith in 45 min u tes .
HBT Agr a L td ., 1993
KIM contains Portland cement and so becomes caustic when
mixed with water or perspiration. Avoid contact with eyes and
skin. Avoid breathing dust. See the Material Safety Data Sheet
for this product. KIM will delay the setting times of concrete
under most conditions. This may have an effect on stripping
and finishing schedules and form pressure.
MIX DESIGN GUIDELINES
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KIM is a dry powder admixture that is added to the concrete
mix at the rate of 2% by weight of the cementitious content
including fly ash, to a maximum of 8kg per cubic meter
(13.5 lbs / cubic yard).
Reduce the water content by 5-10% depending on slump
requirement. Water to cementitious ratio must be 0.45 or less.
KIM will typically increase air entrainment by 2 - 6%. Adjust
or remove air-entraining admixtures (AEA) accordingly. In
most cases KIM eliminates the need for AEA. KIM-HS has
only a minimal affect on the air entrainment.
KIM is compatible with most water reducing admixtures and
superplasticizers.
Trial batches are highly recommended.
BATCHING AND MIXING
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Simply add KIM directly to the concrete mixer during
batching.
KIM can be added at any time during the batching process.
However, the addition time may affect plastic properties.
Trial batches are recommended.
Allow KIM to thoroughly mix at medium/high speed for ten
minutes prior to placing.
Should superplasticizers be used, they are normally added
after the addition of KIM.
J O IN TS
Co n s tr u ctio n jo in ts a n d p en etr a tio n s s h o u ld be tre ate d as
d es cr ib ed in Kr ys to l Sp eci fica tio n # 3 KIM Wate rstop Joint
D es ign . Th is ma y r eq u ir e min o r mo d ifica tio ns to concre te
fo r ms . Sh r in ka ge co n tr o l jo in ts s h o u ld b e in stalle d to standard
lo ca tio n s a n d s p a cin g. Ex p a n s io n jo in ts s h o uld be installe d
fo llo w in g th e ex p a n s io n j oin t ma n u fa ctu r er 's instructions.
C U R IN G
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Cu r e in a cco r d a n ce w ith ACI 308.1 s p ecifications.
KIM gr ea tly imp r o ves in ter n a l cu r in g a n d he lps re duce
d r yin g s h r in ka ge a n d ma s s cr a ckin g. Ho we ve r, K IM is not a
r ep la cemen t fo r p r o p er cu r in g p r o ced u r es. W e t cure the
co n cr ete w ith a fo g mis t s p r a y, s p r in kler or we t burlap for
a t lea s t five d a ys . Pr o tect fr o m r a in , d ir ect sunlig ht or
ex ces s ive w in d .
PLACING AND FINISHING
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Place and finish in accordance with ACI guidelines.
KIM improves flow, pumpability and placement properties of
plastic concrete. Maximum values are achieved if the
concrete mix is placed within 45 minutes from time of
batching.
After 45 minutes, concrete may experience slump loss. Adjust
slump with superplasticizer following manufacturers
instructions.
Do not add water to increase slump.
KIM treated concrete may delay the initial and final setting
times of the concrete. Adjust your finishing or stripping
schedule accordingly.
P R O P ER TIES O F FR ES H K IM C ON C RE TE
The Kryton Group of Companies.
8280 Ross Street, Vancouver B.C. Canada V5X 4C6 Tel.: 1-604-324-8280 Toll Free: 1-800-267-8280 Fax: 1-604-324-8899 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kryton.com
KI M ( KR YSTOL I NTER NAL ME MB RA N E )
W A T E R P R O O F I N G A D M I X T UR E FO R CO N CRETE
Page 3 of 4
TES T DATA
PERMEABILITY
DIN 1 048:P art 5 - Pe rme abi l i t y o f H a r d e n e d C o n cr e t e
C on cr e t e spec imen s c o n tai ni ng K I M ( @ 2% c m t s ) w ere ca s t a n d
aged f or 2 8 d ays. Th e sp e c i m ens w ere t hen s ubj ec t ed to
hydrost a t ic p ressu re o f 72 . 5 ps i ( 5 0 0 K Pa) f or a peri od o f 72
hour s. T his p ressu re is equal t o 1 6 7 v ert i c al f eet ( 51m) o f w a ter
head pr e ssure. Maxim u m penet rat i on: l es s t han 1 / 8t h in ch
(<3m m). T h e sp ecimen s ex hi bi t ed no l eak age or dam pn es s .
Al- F at t aim Ta rma c La b o rat ori es , 2 0 0 2
ASTM C1 20 2-9 7 - El e ct ric a l I n d i ca t i o n o f C o n cr e t e ' s Ab ility to
Res ist Chloride I o n Penet r a t i o n
AAS H T O T 277-89 - R ap id D et erm i nat i on of t he C hl ori d e
Perm e a bility o f Co n c rete C om m onl y ref erred t o as t he R a p id
Chl or ide Perm eab ility ( R C P ) t es t , t he t es t det erm i nes th e
pene t r a t ion o f c h lo rid e-laden w at er i nt o c onc ret e by mea s u r in g
the e le c t r ical co n d u c tan ce ( i n c oul om bs ) of t he s pec i men s . Th e
RCP t e st is wid ely acc ep ted as a t es t f or c onc ret e permea b ility.
L ow e r v a lues reveal less chl ori de penet rat i on and t hus lo w er
perme a bility.
Con c r e t e sp ecimen s c o n tai ni ng K I M ( @ 2% c m t s ) w ere tes ted
on s e pa r a t e o c c asio n s b y The Port A ut hori t y of N ew Yo r k & N ew
Jerse y an d b y AMEC Ea rth and Env i ronm ent al . C hl ori d e
perm e a bility was sh o wn to be reduc ed by 4 5 % i n bot h tes ts .
RAPI D CHLORIDE P E R ME ABI L I T Y
CR D C4 8 - 9 2 - USACE Standard Tes t M eth od for W ater
Permeab ility of Conc rete
Six co n cr ete s p ecimen s co n tain in g KIM (@ 2 % cmts) we re cast
a n d a ged fo r 28 d a ys . T h e s p ecimen s w er e the n subje cte d on
o n e s id e to h yd r o s ta tic p r es s u r e o f 200 p s i (1.38MPa) for a
p er io d o f 10 d a ys . Th is p r es s u r e is eq u a l to 460 ve rtical fe e t
(140m) o f w a ter h ea d p r es s u r e. Th er e w a s n o le akag e throug h
a n y o f th e s p ecimen s .
A s imila r tes t w a s co n d u cted b y AG R A Ea r th and E nvironme ntal
in 1995, w h ich co mp a r ed r efer en ce co n cr ete mixe s of hig h
s tr en gth co n cr ete (50-60 MPa ) w ith a n d w ithout the addition of
KIM . R es u lts o f p er mea b ility tes tin g s h o w th at e ve n for the se
mix es , KIM a ch ieved 57% a n d 75% r ed u ctio ns in pe rme ability
o ver th e r efer en ce mix es .
Ag r a Ea r th & En vir o n men ta l L td ., 1995
S HR IN K A G E A N D C R A C K R ED UC TIO N
R es u lts h a ve clea r ly s ho w n d r yin g s h r in ka ge re duction and
r es u ltin g cr a ck r ed u ctio n in KIM mo d ified co ncre te . E valuation
o f KIM co n cr ete a ga in s t tes t meth o d AS1 0 1 2.13-1992 by
M a ter ia ls Tes tin g & En vir o n men ta l Se r vices of Boral Re source s
(N SW) Pty. L td . s h o w ed a r ed u ctio n in d r yin g shrinkag e of
20-25% . R es tr a in ed s h r in ka ge cr a ckin g i n KIM concre te is 80%
les s th a n p la in co n cr ete w ith s imila r s lu mp , air conte nt and
cemen t co n ten t b a s ed o n tes tin g to ASTM C341 by A ME C E arth
& En vir o n men ta l L td .
N O TE: Kr yto n d o es no t r eco mmen d elimin a ting standard
s h r in ka ge co n tr o l jo in ts . F o llo w ACI gu id elin es.
C O M P R ES S IV E S TR EN G TH
ASTM C4 9 4 : Ty pe D , CAN /CSA A26 6 .2-M : Ty pe W R - C hemical
Admix tures for Conc rete
Co n cr ete s p ecimen s co n ta in in g KIM (@ 2% cmts) displaye d
in cr ea s es in co mp r es s ive s t r en gth o f 12% to 19% at ag e s 3, 7,
28 a n d 56 d a ys co mpa r ed to co n tr o l s p ecimens of e qual slump
a n d a ir . Th is ex ceed s th e CAN /CSA A26 6 .2-M re quire me nts for
a Typ e WR w a ter -r ed u cin g s et-r eta r d in g a d mixture .
HBT Ag r a L td ., 1993
ICBO/IC C W ate r Pe rco l at i o n Te s t ( Mo d i f i e d A STM D4 0 6 8
an ne x A2)
C on c r e t e sp ecimen s c o n tai ni ng K I M ( @ 2 % c m t s ) w ere ca s t a n d
aged f or 28 d ays. Th e sp e c i m ens w ere t hen s ubj ec t ed to
hydrost a t ic p ressu re imp os ed by w at er c ol um ns 4 8 i nch es in
hei g ht . T he sp ecimen s m et t he ac c ept anc e c ri t eri a, w hich is n o
wa te r pa ssin g th ro u gh th e s pec i m ens and m ax i m um 0.5 in ch es
of w a t e r dro p in th e c o lu mns af t er 4 8 hours .
Ins pe c t ion Co n c ep ts Ca liforni a, 1993
The Kryton Group of Companies.
8280 Ross Street, Vancouver B.C. Canada V5X 4C6 Tel.: 1-604-324-8280 Toll Free: 1-800-267-8280 Fax: 1-604-324-8899 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kryton.com
KI M ( KR YSTOL I NTER NAL M E MB RAN E )
SULPHATE & CHLORIDE RESISTANCE
Krystol treated concrete specimens exhibited excellent sulphate
resistance when tested in accordance with US Bureau of
Reclamation guidelines. Specimens were alternately soaked in
sodium sulphate solution and oven dried. The specimens were
tested for strength loss and weight change. The Krystol treated
specimens dramatically outperformed both the control
specimens and the competitor's specimens.
R. M. Hardy and Associates, 1976
KIM modified concrete has been shown in coulomb testing
(ASTM C1202-97 & AASHTO T277) to reduce chloride
permeability by 45% compared to control specimens of equal
slump and air.
Port Authority of New York & New Jersey, 1998 AMEC Earth
and Environmental, 2000
FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY
ASTM C233, CAN/CSA A266.1-M - Air Entraining Admixtures for
Concrete HBT Agra Ltd., 1993
KIM acts as an effective air-entraining admixture when
evaluated against the requirements. Both plastic and
hardened air contents and spacing factors allow KIM concrete
to maintain excellent freeze/thaw durability.
New York DOT Test Method 503-3P
Concrete specimens containing KIM (@ 2% cmts) were cast
and aged for 28 days. The specimens were then subjected to
freezing and thawing cycles in a saturated condition. No loss
of weight.
Future Tech Consultants New York, 2000
PROPERTIES OF HARDENED KIM CONCRETE
W A T E R P R O O F I N G A D M I X T UR E FO R CO N CRETE
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P O TA B LE WA TER C O N TA IN M EN T
NSF/ANSI Standard 61: Drinking Water System Components Health Effects
KIM has been tested extensively and approved for waterproofing
concrete drinking water containment by NSF International, US
Environmental Protection Agency, US Department of Agriculture,
Health and Welfare Canada, and Bureau de Normalisation du
Quebec.
P A C K A G IN G
KIM is packaged ready-to-use in the following sizes:
· 5kg and 25kg pails
· 10kg and 15kg mixer-ready bags
See Technical Bulletin 310 for more information about using
mixer-ready bags.
S P EC IFY IN G
Detailed CSC and CSI formatted specifications are available on
disk or by download from our website: http://www.kryton.com.
M A TER IA LS
A. Permanent, self-sealing, corrosion-free, concrete waterproofing
admixture in dry powder form, which intensifies and prolongs
hydration of cementing materials in concrete.
B. Admixture shall provide air-entrainment conforming to
CAN/CSA A266.1 (ASTM C233) - "Air-entraining Admixtures for
Concrete."
C. Admixture shall provide water reduction and set-retardation
conforming to CAN/CSA A266.2 Type WR (ASTM C494 Type D)
"Chemical admixtures for concrete."
D. Admixture must not contain silicates, oils, chlorides, or sodium.
WA R R A N TY
Kryton International Inc. warrants that its products are free from
manufacturers defects and, when applied in accordance with the
current specification and application instructions will perform as
so stated in its product literature. Waterproofing performance of
the KIM Admixture System can be expected to last the lifetime of
the concrete. Kryton will replace any product shown to be
defective.
In addition to our standard product warranty, performance
warranties are available for individual projects. Specific warranty
time periods and inclusive details are provided based on project
requirements and geographic region. Please refer to your Kryton
representative for project specific performance warranty
information.
The Kryton Group of Companies.
8280 Ross Street, Vancouver B.C. Canada V5X 4C6 Tel.: 1-604-324-8280 Toll Free: 1-800-267-8280 Fax: 1-604-324-8899 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kryton.com