Tracking Thoreau
Final Project
American Experience
The goal of this project is for you to develop an understanding of Henry David Thoreau’s work Walden and the
philosophy of transcendentalism.
To accomplish this goal, you must complete the following activities:
Step 1: Discover and Discuss the Meaning of Transcendentalism
What is transcendentalism?
It’s the name for a philosophical and literary movement which began in the United States in the mid 1800s.
Who was a transcendentalist?
Henry David Thoreau, author or Walden and many other works, is considered by many scholars to be the most famous
transcendentalist. To learn which authors were also transcendentalists, visit this site:
http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/transcendentalism/index.html
What did transcendentalists believe?
“…The transcendentalists believed that there was more to reality than what a person could experience with their senses
and more knowledge than what a person could discover through human reason”
(http://www.philosophyslam.org/thoreau.html).
“For the transcendentalists, the soul of each individual is identical with the soul of the world and contains what the world
contains” (http://www.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/amtrans.htm ).
Thoreau closely studied nature at Walden Pond because, as a transcendentalist, he believed that a true understanding of
ones self and the universe was only possible through a close observation of and connection to nature.
Step 2: Read Selections from Walden
Full Text Available Online at: http://thoreau.eserver.org/walden00.html
Walden
by Henry David Thoreau – 1854
Selections from Chapter 2: “Where I Lived, and What I Lived for”
When first I took up my abode in the woods, that is, began to spend my nights as well as days there, which, by
accident, was on Independence Day, or the Fourth of July, 1845, my house was not finished for winter, but was
merely a defence against the rain, without plastering or chimney, the walls being of rough, weather-stained
boards, with wide chinks, which made it cool at night. The upright white hewn studs and freshly planed door
and window casings gave it a clean and airy look, especially in the morning, when its timbers were saturated
with dew, so that I fancied that by noon some sweet gum would exude from them….
I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I
could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived….
Simplify, simplify. Instead of three meals a day, if it be necessary eat but one; instead of a hundred dishes, five;
and reduce other things in proportion….
Men think that it is essential that the Nation have commerce, and export ice, and talk through a telegraph, and
ride thirty miles an hour, without a doubt, whether they do or not; but whether we should live like baboons or
like men, is a little uncertain. If we do not get out sleepers, and forge rails, and devote days and nights to the
work, but go to tinkering upon our lives to improve them, who will build railroads? And if railroads are not
built, how shall we get to heaven in season? But if we stay at home and mind our business, who will want
railroads? We do not ride on the railroad; it rides upon us. . . .
Time is but the stream I go a-fishing in. I drink at it; but while I drink I see the sandy bottom and detect how
shallow it is. Its thin current slides away, but eternity remains. I would drink deeper; fish in the sky, whose
bottom is pebbly with stars. I cannot count one….
I know not the first letter of the alphabet. I have always been regretting that I was not as wise as the day I was
born. The intellect is a cleaver; it discerns and rifts its way into the secret of things….
I do not wish to be any more busy with my hands than is necessary….
Selections from Conclusion
It is remarkable how easily and insensibly we fall into a particular route, and make a beaten track for ourselves.
I had not lived there a week before my feet wore a path from my door to the pond-side; and though it is five or
six years since I trod it, it is still quite distinct. It is true, I fear, that others may have fallen into it, and so helped
to keep it open. The surface of the earth is soft and impressible by the feet of men; and so with the paths which
the mind travels. How worn and dusty, then, must be the highways of the world, how deep the ruts of tradition
and conformity! ….
I learned this, at least, by my experiment: that if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and
endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours….
If you have built castles in the air, your work need not be lost; that is where they should be. Now put the
foundations under them. . . .
Why should we be in such desperate haste to succeed and in such desperate enterprises? If a man does not keep
pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Let him step to the music which
he hears, however measured or far away….
However mean your life is, meet it and live it; do not shun it and call it hard names. It is not so bad as you are. It
looks poorest when you are richest. The fault-finder will find faults even in paradise. Love your life, poor as it
is. You may perhaps have some pleasant, thrilling, glorious hours, even in a poorhouse. The setting sun is
reflected from the windows of the almshouse as brightly as from the rich man's abode; the snow melts before its
door as early in the spring. I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there, and have as cheering
thoughts, as in a palace. The town's poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any. Maybe
they are simply great enough to receive without misgiving. ….
Do not trouble yourself much to get new things, whether clothes or friends. Turn the old; return to them. Things
do not change; we change. Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts. God will see that you do not want
society…..
I do not say that John or Jonathan will realize all this; but such is the character of that morrow which mere lapse
of time can never make to dawn. The light which puts out our eyes is darkness to us. Only that day dawns to
which we are awake. There is more day to dawn. The sun is but a morning star.
Step 3: Review Your Nature Journal Entries – Retrieve all your nature journal entries from
your portfolio and review. Look for connections between your experiences and Thoreau's experiences.
Step 4: Create a Tracking Thoreau Final Project/Reflection Paper
.
In this one-page reflection paper (can't be revised), you will explain how your personal experiences
with nature help you connect to Thoreau’s Walden and the philosophy of transcendentalism.
Submit your completed reflection paper to www.turnitin.com by the deadline posted in class syllabus.
Your paper will be scored with the following rubric:
A
Essay “demonstrates clear
and consistent mastery,
although it may have a few
minor errors” (SAT Writing
Section: Scoring Guide), of
the following:




B
Essay “demonstrates a
reasonably consistent
mastery, although it may
have occasional errors or
lapses in quality” (SAT
Writing Section: Scoring
Guide), of the following:
C
Essay “demonstrates
adequate mastery, although
it will have lapses in
quality” (SAT Writing
Section: Scoring Guide), of
the following:
D
Essay demonstrates
consistent flaws in one or
more of the following:
F
Essay fails to show
mastery of any of the
following:
Well developed essay explores connection between personal experiences with nature , Thoreau’s Walden and the philosophy of
transcendentalism.
Reveals strong use of organization
Reflects an in-depth and sophisticated understanding of Selections from Walden and transcendentalism.
“Demonstrates a good grasp of standard writing conventions (e.g., spelling, punctuation, capitalization, grammar, usage, paragraphing) and uses
conventions effectively to enhance readability” (6+ 1 Trait ® Writing: Scoring Continuum).
Works Cited
“SAT Writing Section: Scoring Guide.” CollegeBoard.com. 2007. CollegeBoard.com Inc. 20 June 2007
http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/sat/about/sat/essay_scoring.html.