Write your name here
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Edexcel GCSE
Biology
Unit B3: Using Biology
Foundation Tier
Additional Sample Assessment Material
Time: 1 hour
You must have:
Calculator, ruler
Paper Reference
5BI3F/01
Total Marks
Instructions
black ink or ball-point pen.
• Use
Fill
in
boxes at the top of this page with your name,
• centrethe
number and candidate number.
all questions.
• Answer
the questions in the spaces provided
•– Answer
there may be more space than you need.
Information
total mark for this paper is 60.
• The
marks for each question are shown in brackets
• The
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Questions labelled with an asterisk (*) are ones where the quality of your
• written
communication will be assessed
– you should take particular care with your spelling, punctuation and grammar, as
well as the clarity of expression, on these questions.
Advice
Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Keep
eye on the time.
• Try toananswer
every question.
• Check your answers
if you have time at the end.
•
S39598A
©2011 Edexcel Limited.
6/8/8/2/
*S39598A0116*
Turn over
Answer ALL questions
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
Reproductive behaviour
1 (a) The picture shows a peacock.
(i) Suggest how the peacock is trying to attract a mate.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
The process of attracting a mate is known as
A classical conditioning
B courtship behaviour
Chabituation
D operant conditioning
2
*S39598A0216*
(1)
(b)The photograph shows a hummingbird.
The female hummingbird lays two eggs in her nest which is built high in a tree.
(i) Suggest the benefits of building a nest high in a tree.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(ii)
Explain one benefit of laying only two eggs.
(2)
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(c) The female hummingbird chases her young away when they are old enough to
look after themselves.
Explain the advantage of this behaviour.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(Total for Question 1 = 8 marks)
*S39598A0316*
3
Turn over
Fermenters
2 (a) The diagram shows a fermenter.
X
filter
air
(i)Draw one straight line from each process to the reason for using the process
in a fermenter.
process
(2)
reason for using the process
to supply nutrients for the
microorganisms
aseptic precautions
for aerobic respiration
to stop the whole fermenter
getting too hot
oxygenation
to stop contamination with
other microorganisms
(ii) Complete the sentence by putting a cross (
) in the box next to your answer.
Part X on the fermenter is needed to control
A nutrient concentration
B oxygen concentration
CpH
Dtemperature
4
*S39598A0416*
(1)
(b)Fusarium is a fungus that can be grown in a fermenter.
This fungus can be used to make mycoprotein.
The graph shows the growth of Fusarium over five days.
100 –
mass of
Fusarium / kg
50 –
4
–
2
3
time / days
–
–
1
–
–
–
0–
0
5
Fusarium culture added here
(i) State the mass of Fusarium present on day 3.
(1)
. ......................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kg
(ii) Explain why day 3 would have been the best day to stop the fermentation of
Fusarium.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(c)Explain one advantage of using mycoprotein as a food source for humans.
(2)
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(Total for Question 2 = 8 marks)
*S39598A0516*
5
Turn over
Reproduction
3 (a) The diagram shows a human sperm cell.
head
mid piece
tail


















A
C
B
D
(i) State the function of the tail.
(1)
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(ii) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
The acrosome in the diagram is labelled
(1)
A
B
C
D
(b)Describe how the egg cell changes immediately after fertilisation.
(2)
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(c) Complete the Punnett square by putting in the sex chromosomes for the male
parent and the offspring.
Female parent
Sex
chromosomes
X
Male parent
6
*S39598A0616*
X
(2)
(d)Infertile couples can use in vitro fertilisation (IVF) to increase their chances of
having a baby.
The graph shows the number of women who had IVF treatment in 1990, 1995,
2000 and 2005.
It also shows the number of these women who gave birth successfully.
key
women treated by IVF
successful births after IVF treatment
35000 –
number
of
30000 –
women
25000 –
20000 –
15000 –
10000 –
5000 –
0–
1990
1995
2000
2005
year
Compare the success rate of IVF treatment in 1990 with the success rate of IVF
treatment in 2005.
(2)
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*S39598A0716*
7
Turn over
(e) Families affected by haemophilia can have their embryos screened during IVF.
Haemophilia is a sex-linked genetic disorder.
The haemophilia allele is carried on the X chromosome.
Explain why a mother who is a carrier for haemophilia may choose to have a
female embryo implanted during IVF.
(2)
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(Total for Question 3 = 10 marks)
8
*S39598A0816*
Our ancestors
4 (a) The photograph shows the 4.4 million year old fossilised remains of the skull
known as Ardi.
(i) Only parts of Ardi’s skull were found.
State why complete fossil skeletons of this age are unlikely to be found.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(ii) In 2011, scientists found some fossilised remains similar to Ardi.
Suggest how these fossils could be dated.
(2)
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(b)It is thought that Ardi may have had some behaviour patterns very similar to those
shown by modern gorillas.
(i) Suggest why we cannot be sure that Ardi’s behaviour was similar to modern
gorillas.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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*S39598A0916*
9
Turn over
(ii) The table shows an ethogram for one male gorilla.
It is based on a three-hour study by a scientist working with Dianne Fossey.
type of behaviour
time spent / minutes
walking
30
eating
60
looking for food
20
swinging from a tree
5
resting
15
climbing
20
playing
10
grooming
20
Describe one way that the information for this ethogram could have been
collected.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(c) Gorillas are usually calm and gentle.
If challenged, gorillas may display aggressive behaviour.
This behaviour includes
1
2
3
4
baring teeth and staring
standing up on hind legs
cupping (beating) the chest
roaring and screaming
(i) Suggest how a scientist observing the gorillas needs to behave so they do not
affect the gorilla’s natural behaviour.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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10
*S39598A01016*
(ii) When challenged by another male, the dominant male will drop on all fours
and charge towards him.
Explain why dominant males do not usually make contact with challengers
when they charge at them.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(Total for Question 4 =10 marks)
*S39598A01116*
11
Turn over
Food for the whole population
5 (a) The graph shows the change in the world’s human population from 1950 to 2000.
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12 –
11 –
10 –
9–
8–
7–
human
population 6 –
(billions)
5–
4–
3–
2–
1–
0–
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
year
(i) By how much did the world’s human population increase between 1950 and
2000?
Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
A
2.5 billion
B
3.5 billion
C
4.5 billion
D
6.0 billion
(ii) Draw a line on the graph to estimate the human population of the world in
2040.
(2)
world population in 2040 = ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . billion
12
*S39598A01216*
(b)An increasing world human population is going to need improved crop plants.
Describe how scientists can use plant breeding programmes to improve crop
plants.
(3)
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*(c) The increase in the world human population has resulted in the burning of more
fossil fuels.
This releases gases into the atmosphere.
Crop plants are now being grown and used to produce biofuels.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using biofuels to replace fossil fuels
as energy resources.
(6)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(Total for Question 5 = 12 marks)
*S39598A01316*
13
Turn over
Urine production
6 (a) The diagram shows part of the urinary system.
kidney
X
Give the name of organ X.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b)Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
The kidneys remove urea, water and salt from the blood.
Excess amino acids are converted to urea by the
A
kidneys
B liver
Cprotein
Dstomach
14
*S39598A01416*
(1)
(c) The graph shows the number of patients receiving kidney transplants between
1990 and 2000.
It also shows the number of patients on the waiting list.
5000 –
4000 –
key
waiting list
number 3000 –
of
patients 2000 –
transplants
1000 –
2000
1998
1996
1994
1992
1990
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0–
year
(i) Describe the trends shown in the graph.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(ii) While a patient is waiting for a transplant, kidney dialysis may be used.
Describe how a kidney dialysis machine works as an artificial kidney.
(2)
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*S39598A01516*
15
Turn over
*(d)Describe how the nephron of a kidney is involved in the production of urine.
(6)
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 6 = 12 marks)
total for paper = 60 marks
16
*S39598A01616*
Additional Sample Mark scheme
GCSE Science 2011
GCSE
GCSE Science (5BI3F/01)
Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750
Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH
General Marking Guidance
•
All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the
first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
•
Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for
what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
•
Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
•
There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be
used appropriately.
•
All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the
mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the
candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
•
For questions worth more than one mark, the answer column shows how
partial credit can be allocated. This has been done by the inclusion of part
marks eg (1).
•
Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles
by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
•
When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme
to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
•
Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it
with an alternative response.
Quality of Written Communication
Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to:
•
Write legibly, with accurate spelling, grammar and punctuation in order to
make the meaning clear
•
Select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and to
complex subject matter
•
Organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary
when appropriate.
Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the above abilities.
Questions where QWC is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC) in the mark
scheme, but this does not preclude others.
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
General Information
The following symbols are used in the mark schemes for all questions:
Symbol
eq
Meaning of symbol
Indicates that credit should be given for other
correct alternatives to a word or statement
/ oblique
Words or phrases separated by an oblique are
alternatives to each other
{ } curly brackets
( ) round brackets
Indicate the beginning and end of a list of
alternatives (separated by obliques) where
necessary to avoid confusion
Words inside round brackets are to aid
understanding of the marking point but are not
required to award the point
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
1(a)(i)
Question
Number
1(a)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
{showing off / displaying} its {tail
/feathers}
Answer
Mark
(1)
Acceptable answers
Mark
B
(1)
Question
Number
1(b)(i)
Question
Number
1(b)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
Any two from the following:
•
safe place for {eggs / young}
(1)
•
increases chances of young
surviving (1)
•
protection from predator (1)
•
camouflage from predators (1)
Answer
high in a tree
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking two of the
following
•
only two chicks to feed (1)
•
(so) less {effort /energy /
work / risk} to parents (1)
•
only two chicks to feed (1)
•
(so) {more food / less risk} to
chicks (1)
OR
(2)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
1(c)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking two of the
following
•
reduces competition (1)
•
prevents fights (1)
•
for resources/named
resource(1)
OR
• parent freed from parental
role (1)
• parent able to mate and
produce more offspring (1)
(2)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
2(a)(i)
Answer
aseptic precautions
Mark
to supply nutrients for
the microorganisms
for aerobic respiration
oxygenation
to stop the whole fermenter
getting too hot
to stop contamination with
other microorganisms
Question
Number
2(a)(ii)
Question
Number
2(b)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
D
Answer
(2)
Mark
(1)
Acceptable answers
Mark
90 (kg)
(1)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
2(b)(ii)
Answer
Mark
An explanation linking the following
points
•
(at day three) reach maximum
yield (1)
•
(so)prevents waste of {energy
/time} (1)
•
(at day three) reach maximum
yield (1)
•
(as) before (day three)
Fusarium is still growing (1)
OR
Question
Number
2(c)
Acceptable answers
Answer
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking the following
points
•
production conditions of
mycoprotein e.g. rapid
population growth / eq (1)
•
advantage e.g. more food
produced / eq (1)
•
type of food e.g. low in fat /
low in cholesterol / high in
protein / high in fibre (1)
•
health benefits e.g. reduced
risk of heart disease / eq (1)
OR
(2)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
3(a)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
swimming /motility
(1)
Question
Number
3(a)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
A
(1)
Question
Number
3(b)
Question
Number
3(c)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
A description including two of the
following points
•
cell becomes diploid (1)
•
egg cell membrane changes to
block other sperm entry (1)
•
enzyme causes the egg cell
membrane change (1)
(2)
Answer
completion of X and Y for the male gamete genotype (1)
Acceptable
answers
Accept if X Y in
different order
Mark
correct completion of offspring in Punnett Square (1)
female
parent
sex
chromo
somes
X
male
parent
Y
X
XX
XY
X
XX
XY
(2)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
3(d)
Question
Number
3(e)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
A description including the following
points
•
(success rate) has increased
(1)
•
correct manipulation of data
e.g. 1 in 3 in 2005 (1)
Answer
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking two of the
following points
•
female child less likely to be
haemophiliac /eq (1)
•
(because) females have two
X chromosomes / so one
chromosome will not have
haemophilia allele (1)
•
(as) haemophilia allele is
recessive (1)
Ignore : she wants a girl
(2)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
4(a)(i)
Question
Number
4(a)(ii)
Question
Number
4(b)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
idea that bones are {scattered /
broken} by {animals / elements /
rocks}
Answer
Mark
(1)
Acceptable answers
Mark
Any two of the following points
•
radioactive {decay / dating}
(1)
•
of rocks around fossils (1)
•
detail of technique e.g.
potassium-argon decay / eq
(1)
•
position of rock layer (1)
•
description of relative dating
(1)
(2)
Answer
Acceptable answers
all of Ardi’s species are extinct / can
not observe Ardi’s behaviour directly
Accept dead for extinct
Mark
(1)
Question
Number
4(b)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
A description including two of the
following points
•
{observing / recording} what
the gorilla was doing (1)
•
on a suitable time base e.g.
every two minutes (1)
•
videoing gorilla (1)
•
and then timing each type of
behaviour when played back
(1)
OR
(2)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
4(c)(i)
Question
Number
4(c)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
Any two from the following points
•
keeping low (1)
•
moving slowly(1)
•
not smiling / showing teeth
(1)
•
not staring (1)
•
being quiet (1)
Answer
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking the following
points
•
less likely to become a fight /
less likely to get injured (1)
•
which would reduce their
ability to survive / more likely
to be deposed (1)
(2)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
5(a)(i)
Question
Number
5(a)(ii)
Question
Number
5(b)
Answer
Acceptable answers
B
Mark
(1)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
8.8 – 9.0 (billion) (1)
Accept e.c.f from their graph
(2)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
straight line extended on the graph
(1)
A description including three of the
following points
•
selection of a beneficial
characteristic e.g. drought
resistance / eq (1)
•
selective breeding / cross
breeding (1)
•
detail of selective breeding
(1)
•
results in {higher crop yield /
growing crops in previous
hostile environment} (1)
(3)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
*5(c)
QWC
Indicative content
Mark
An explanation including some of the following points
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Level
0
1
1-2
fossil fuels release CO2 when burned
other harmful gases are released when fossil fuels are burned
CO2 is a green house gas which contributes to global warming
fossil fuels are running out
increased population means more demands on energy resources
plants grown to produce biofuels take in CO2 during photosynthesis
biofuels are renewable source of energy
idea of carbon neutral when burned
less pollutant gases released when biofuels burned
plant growth for biofuels takes up land which could be used to grow
food
• more land will be needed for food production
• land may be cleared for biofuel growth – deforestation and soil erosion
No rewardable material
•
•
•
2
3-4
•
•
•
•
3
5-6
•
•
•
•
•
(6)
the information provided is brief with minimal coverage of indicative
content
only one advantage or disadvantage mentioned
the answer communicates ideas using simple language and uses limited
scientific terminology
spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with limited accuracy
response is an incomplete description but includes at least one advantage
and one disadvantage
some scientific detail behind the use of biofuels e.g. the role of CO2 is
included
the answer communicates ideas showing some evidence of clarity and
organisation and uses scientific terminology appropriately
spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with some accuracy
the response contains a balanced description of the advantages and
disadvantages of the use of biofuels
the use of scientific detail is accurate and appropriate.
the answer communicates ideas clearly and coherently uses a range of
scientific terminology accurately
spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with few errors
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
6(a)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
bladder
(1)
Question
Number
6(b)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
B
(1)
Question
Number
6(c)(i)
Answer
Mark
A description including the following
points
• transplants stay roughly
constant (1)
•
Question
Number
6(c)(ii)
Acceptable answers
number of patients on the
waiting list for transplants
increases (1)
Answer
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
A description including two of the
following points
• blood is passed through the
machine and back into patient (1)
• membrane in machine is
(partially) permeable (1)
• unwanted substances / urea /
excess salt / excess water moves
from the blood into the dialysis
fluids (1)
credit correct technical processes of
kidney dialysis e.g. anticoagulants
(2)
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme
Question
Number
*(6)(d)
QWC
Indicative content
Mark
An explanation including some of the following points in a logical order
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
blood is at high pressure
filtered through the glomerulus
forced into the Bowman’s capsule
passes into the convoluted tubule
useful substances are reabsorbed including glucose and amino acids
into the blood
fluid goes down the loop of Henle
where water is reabsorbed
osmoregulation
collecting duct
selectively permeable
further re-absorption of water
down the ureter
(6)
Level
0
1
1-2
No rewardable material
•
•
•
2
3-4
3
5-6
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
many of the stages are missing with only one or two mentioned using
simple terms
some knowledge of structure of the nephron
the answer communicates ideas using simple language and uses limited
scientific terminology
spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with limited accuracy
an incomplete explanation of the stages involved in urine production
limted knowledge of structure and function of the nephron
the answer communicates ideas showing some evidence of clarity and
organisation and uses scientific terminology appropriately
spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with some accuracy
a complete explanation of the stages involved in urine production
clear knowledge which relates the structure of the nephron to its function
in a sequential order
the answer communicates ideas clearly and coherently uses a range of
scientific terminology accurately
spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with few errors
5BI3F/01
Additional Sample Mark scheme