Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Related Topics
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
Key Ideas
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Talking Points
I
Self Determination
Self-determination theory is a general theory of human motivation concerned with the development and
functioning personality within social contexts. The theory focuses on the degree to which human behaviors are volitional or self-determined – that is, the degree to which people endorse their actions at the
highest level of reflection and engage in the actions with a full sense of choice.
II
Self Determination and the American Colonies
A. The revolt of the British colonies in North America has been defined as the first assertion of the
right of national and democratic self-determination in the history of the world. Resenting domination from across the seas, and especially the imposition of taxes without representation, the
American colonists invoked natural law and the natural rights of man, drawing inspiration from
the writings of John Locke to support their view. Locke taught that political societies are based
upon the consent of the people who compose them, each of whom agrees to submit to the
majority. Man has a natural right to life, liberty, and property. Sovereignty belongs to the people and is therefore limited by the necessity to protect the individual members.
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
B. Thomas Jefferson emphasized Locke's theories as American ideals and epitomized the republican spirit of the century. In drafting the Declaration of Independence in June 1776, Jefferson
stated his fundamental philosophy of government, upon which the modern concept of selfdetermination rests. He asserted that "all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by
their Creator with inherent and unalienable Rights ["certain unalienable Rights" in the Continental Congress's final draft], that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness";
that the "just Powers" of government are established "by the Consent of the governed" to protect these rights; and that when government does not, "it is the Right of the People to alter or
abolish it, and to institute new Government."
C. In considering the American Revolution as the seminal example of the modern principle of self
-determination, it is important to focus attention on both elements of Jefferson's view. He was
concerned not only with throwing off the foreign yoke but also with ensuring that the government was that of the people and that their will was supreme.
D. Since the formation of the United States, American statesmen have continually expressed sympathy for the basic principle of self-determination. In 1796, President George Washington stat-
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
ed that he was stirred "whenever, in any country, he saw an oppressed nation unfurl the banner of freedom." Three years earlier, Thomas Jefferson, then the American secretary of state,
had said: "We surely cannot deny to any nation that right where on our own is founded—that
every one may govern itself according to whatever form it pleases and change those forms at
its own will."
E. Jefferson's view, supported by his fellow Virginians James Madison and James Monroe, was
widely accepted by the American public during the ensuing years although never actually implemented as official policy. Nevertheless, regardless of its original intent, throughout the
nineteenth and twentieth centuries the Declaration of Independence provided a beacon of
hope both to European peoples struggling for independence against autocratic governments
and to colonial peoples seeking to advance toward independence. Frequently, American idealists threatened to drag the nation into European affairs by demanding that the government
underwrite a policy of liberation abroad. For example, when the Greeks staged an abortive
independence movement against the Turks in the 1820s, the Monroe administration was assailed by Daniel Webster in Congress and by many others for its apparent indifference to the
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
cause of liberty in other parts of the world. Although realists like John Quincy Adams opposed
the expression of sentiments unsupported by action, President James Monroe nonetheless
placed on record his public support of the Greek struggle for self-determination in his famous
message of December 1823.
III
In review
A. In chapter five we came to understand the mindset of the American people
B. The wealthy colonial leaders were well read and highly influenced by John Locke’s enlightened
thinking
C. There was community support from with local churches to expect their leaders to be forthright and honest and to provide a strong community of faith.
D. The French and Indian War end and provided England with a vast amount of land to control.
They were low on funds and wanted the American colonist to share in the expenses. The English leaders also wanted to maintain an economic control over the colonies through their mercantile practices.
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Related Topics
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
Key Ideas
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Talking Points
E. The mindset of the American people was as such that they felt empowered to challenge the
British leadership, question the benefits of their English citizenship and break all ties with
England in their desire for a self-determination future.
III
“1775 A Good Year for Revolution” by Kevin Phillips
A. Prior to 1750, the American Economy had been built into a prosperous economy. The British
mercantile economic practice had the colonies well under control. The American colonies saw
tremendous growth in terms of population as well as the economy. There was no issues or
thought given towards a split between England and their colonial offspring.
B. However, by the 1760’s the American nationalistic perception was well underway in establishing the split with England
C. With the tremendous population growth and economic stability came questions with regards
to the financial obligations of the colonies and the desire by England to maintain control
D. It was this ten year time span where the American Nationalistic outlook began to grow
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
E. The population grew from 250k in the early 1770’s to over 3 million by 1775. Many European
countries began to worry about depopulation. The English Proclamation of 1763 was an
attempt to control the depopulation.
F. It was also during this time span that the motivation f towards self-determination began to
become apparent
G. (Define self-determination)
H. At this time we see that the term “colonist’ was view in a negative light, the people preferred
to be recognized as Americans
I.
There came about a voice desire for self-government to control their own economic fate if
the taxation without representation was to continue
J. There was also a strong desire to issue local currency, eliminate customs abuse, and open up
free trade and manufacturing
K. In the religious community, the congregation of believers wanted more local control and
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Related Topics
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
Key Ideas
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Talking Points
sought out more “home grown” leadership as opposed to church leaders and pastors being
sent over from England to run the churches.
IV
Kevin Phillips in his book, “1775 A Good Year for Revolution”, identifies 12 issues of economic
contention that motivated the colonial people to a self-determined future through the path of
revolution.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
IV
Money Supply
Debt
Mercantilism, mandate to sell only to England
Taxation without representation
Overpriced goods which led to more debt
Customs racketeering
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Illegal search and seizures
Limitations on Manufacturing
Response to British assertiveness
Establish Provincial Committees
Proclamation of 1763
The Quebec Act of 1777
The twelve economic issues that motivated the colonial people to a self-determined future
1. It is best to begin at its heart—a money supply kept small, primitive, and usually inadequate by
British mercantilist thinking and administrative practice. Much of this was intentional. It was a
founding seventeenth-century principle of mercantilism that specie—gold and silver—be
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
drawn back to the mother country. This was accepted subordination: colonies were to serve,
not to be guided toward maturity and self-fulfillment. Change was beginning, but slowly.
2. Among the mainland thirteen, with currency often scarce, levels of indebtedness had soared
since the 1740s. If money was the first problem, debt was the second. Debt-related lawsuits
clogged the colonial courts. In New England and the plantation colonies, debt matters were
everyday conversation. An insufficient money supply was tied to another imperial fundamental: that valuable colonial export commodities had to be routed through Britain to profit middlemen there. Return payment often came in overpriced goods.
3. “This reflected a third hinge of friction: the statutory mandate that colonists sell specified commodities only to British merchants. Those affected were spelled out in the mid-seventeenthcentury Navigation Acts’ “enumerated list,” which had further expanded in the eighteenth
century and especially since the 1750s. In practical terms, each addition made more American
producers British commercial captives, even though enumeration had started out a century
earlier by guaranteeing markets. If enumeration, money supply, and debt appear related, they
clearly were.
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
4. During the 1760s, some restive Americans began to complain that proceeds lost by tobacco
growers in particular, because their great crop had to be sent to Britain—and only from there
resold profitably all over Europe—amounted to a massive de facto tax. This diversion alone,
the critics said, more than compensated the mother country for its protective umbrella.
Sometimes overstated but hardly specious, this contention tied into a fourth point of frustration. Parliament, in which the colonies had no representation, therefore had no right—or so
some Americans insisted—to impose transatlantic taxes. “London had not directly taxed before the 1760s, but it acted during that decade with a sequence of controversial levies, notably the 1765 stamp tax and the 1767 Townshend taxes (on glass, paints, paper, and tea).
Townshend’s were repealed in 1770, save for the levy on tea. That was reiterated in 1773,
setting Boston’s famous tea party in motion. However, after the Coercive Acts took center
stage in 1774, the tax issue per se receded.
5. Here a point should be made. The dozen economic issues, although interrelated, were not
constant. They varied in importance. The colonists’ contention that unfair enumeration was
actually a thinly disguised tax—and therefore constituted a good argument against additional
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
levies—intensified amid the tumult of imperial relations in 1774–1775. Trade moved to the
fore.
6. A sixth altercation of the pre-Revolutionary period involved what several twentieth-century
historians labeled “customs racketeering.” Much stricter enforcement commenced in the early 1760s with a major strengthening of a British Customs Service that had been locally ineffective. Multiple tightening between 1762 and 1767 imposed new duties, established an American Board of Customs, specified elaborate and near-punitive loading and bonding requirements, “provided for removal of customs-related trials to juryless admiralty courts, and instructed Royal Navy ships and officers to collaborate in aggressive, by-the-book customs enforcement.
7. People in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and eastern Connecticut were especially irate. In
1764 British aggressiveness in pursuing molasses smugglers—generally ignored until the sixties—prompted provincial gunners manning Fort George in Newport, Rhode Island, to fire
shots at the St. John, a naval schooner seizing molasses-carrying vessels in Narragansett Bay.
An enthusiastic crowd quickly gathered. When Daniel Vaughn, having acted under orders,
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
later reported back to the Council, “they wanted only to know why he had not sunk the
schooner.” In more or less self-governing Rhode Island, intrusive British warships were becoming enemies.
8. The limitations that Britain had imposed on colonial manufactures—principally through the Hat
Act of 1732, the Woolens Act of 1699, and the Iron Act of 1750—at first drew little complaint.
The tax and trade-boycott controversies of the 1760s and 1770s, however, made curbs on what
the colonies could produce a more heated topic. With each boycott, Americans devoted more
rhetoric to the need to produce or manufacture locally more of what was being imported. We
can describe the boycotts of 1765–1766 and 1767–1770 as a seventh confrontation. Rising tensions over manufacturing became arena number eight.
9. In 1774, when the First Continental Congress called for a strong response to Britain’s Coercive
Acts, delegates “embraced a much bolder trade stoppage, which displaced tax policy as the fulcrum of Patriot strategy. Instead of relying on uncooperative merchants to stop importing specified British goods, Congress put forward a new brand of association: all twelve participating
provincial delegations pledged to prohibit popular consumption of British goods, commencing
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
that very autumn. Non- exportation of American commodities to Britain, until then never ventured, would follow in the autumn of 1775. This was to allow Virginians the time needed to
cure, pack, and ship their 1774 tobacco crop, essential to gaining cash and credits.
10. Strict enforcement now merged with patriotism. Congress recommended establishing provincial, county, and local committees to monitor compliance, publicize violators, and seize goods
and cargoes where necessary. The sweeping extralegal authority and potentially treasonable
nature of these organizations quickly became a ninth adversarial dimension. Merchants still
played a part, but hardline activists were coming to the fore. Throwing down this gauntlet
moved the colonies to the brink of economic war. Of course, many imperial constraints barred
American economic self-determination. No one pretended otherwise. Yet by the 1770s, British
rules and favoritism struck more and more colonials as unacceptable. For example, the right to
sell American tobacco in France, made lawful for Scots after the Act of Union in 1707, remained prohibited to Americans. Thomas Jefferson, not a particular admirer of “North Britons,” liked to argue that English Americans ought to be on an imperial par with non-English
Scots. Such arguments resonated in tobacco country, where Scottish traders were resented.
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
11. The Royal Proclamation of 1763, in turn, barred British subjects from settling beyond the Appalachian Mountains on western lands earlier fulsomely described and conveyed in several
seventeenth-century royal charters. Westward vistas had tantalized generations of explorers,
surveyors, and investors. However, by the 1770s, British forts in places like Ohio and Illinois
had been shut down to uphold a new linkage: no settlers were wanted, and little expensive
protection from the Indians would be furnished. A related goal voiced in 1763 and 1764 was
to bottle up the thirteen colonies along the East Coast, channeling expansion northward to
Nova Scotia and southward into now-British Florida, with its supposed opportunities for tropical agriculture. Westward flow would be blocked. As late as 1767, George Washington dismissed the Proclamation Line as nothing more than “a temporary expedient to quiet the
Minds of the Indians.” But as we will see, contemporary British explanations and policy pronouncements suggested otherwise.4 Perceived British hostility to American westward movement became a tenth friction.
12. While settlers could squat illegally, investors and speculators in the western lands were often
stymied. In most colonies, not least Virginia, investors preoccupied with western lands were
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
prominent in supporting the Revolution. After the Proclamation Line had been received angrily, a few adjustments were made. The Quebec Act of 1774, however, stunned British America
by placing the lands that would become Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin within the political boundaries and French-sprung legal system of Quebec. Virginians already contemplating their trans-Ohio acreage were told to go fly a fleur-de-lis-shaped kite. “The western-lands aspect of the Quebec Act became another grudge. Last but hardly least, the unfolding events of 1775 made it essential to purchase arms, ammunition, sulfur, and saltpeter in
the West Indies or from complicit European merchants. Congress soon modified its nonexportation provisions, and shipping food and tobacco for powder, hitherto encouraged, now
became official policy. It marked a transition to open war.
Colonial insistence on economic self-determination, “in short, became confrontational well before Lexington and Concord. Within a few months, economic war led to shooting war. But before going on to
describe the loyalties and constituencies that emerged in 1775, more must be said about the principal
economic conflicts and insoluble disagreements. Matches were being put to a surprisingly short fuse.
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Talking Points
Related Topics
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
The Calendar of the Continental Association, 1774–1775
September 22, 1774
Merchants in the colonies were advised to stop ordering British goods because
nonimportation would shortly be imposed.
October 1774
Beginning immediately, no sheep were to be exported to anywhere.
(Wool was to be retained in the colonies to make clothing.)
December 1, 1774
No importation of any merchandise from Britain or Ireland; no East India tea from
anywhere; no molasses, sugar, syrups, et al., from the British West Indies; no wine
from Madeira; no foreign indigo. For any such cargoes arriving between December 1
and January 31, recipients had three options for disposal:
(1) reshipping the goods
(2) storing the goods
(3) authorizing the local committee to sell the goods.
February 1, 1775
Any cargoes from Britain arriving in the colonies after this date had to be returned to
their point of origin; no other option was allowed.
March 1, 1775
No consumption (purchase or use) of tea, or of any merchandise known or suspected
to have been imported after December 1, would be allowed, but with certain
specified exceptions.
Questions to Think About
Supporting Materials
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
1775, Awould
Good Year
for Revolution
by Kevin
Phillips
September 10, 1775
No export of any commodity
be allowed
to Britain,
Ireland,
each other?
or the British West Indies.
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
1776, by McCullough
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough
Discussion 6-1
US History ~ Chapter 6 Topic Discussions
E Lundberg
Topic of Discussion – Self Determination ~ the Economic Conflict in the Colonies
Chapter Information ~ Ch 6 - 4 sections; 33 pages
The Road to Revolution (1763 - 1776)
Section 1 ~ Tighter British Control
Section 2 ~ Colonial Resistance Grows
Section 3 ~ The Road to Lexington & Concord
Section 4 ~ Declaring Independence
Pages 156-159
Pages 160-167
Pages 168-175
Pages 176-188
Key Ideas
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening had
established a mindset within the colonies.
At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, certain events led the colonist to want to determine their
own future.
Related Topics
Self Determination Theory
French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris 1763
Proclamation of 1763
Colonial Social Activism in the 1700’s
Key Connections - 10 Major (Common) Themes
1. How cultures change through the blending of different ethnic groups.
2. Taking the land.
3. The individual versus the state.
4. The quest for equity - slavery and it’s end, women’s suffrage etc.
5. Sectionalism.
6. Immigration and Americanization.
7. The change in social class.
8. Technology developments and the environment.
9. Relations with other nations.
10. Historiography, how we know things.
Talking Points
Questions to Think About
How were the 13 colonies able to communicate with
each other?
What would the consequences be if the British could
stop the social movement?
Were there any colonists who wanted to stay loyal to
England?
Supporting Materials
1775, A Good Year for Revolution by Kevin Phillips
Why We Do What We Do: Understanding Self Motivation, By Deci
1776, by McCullough