A guide for new and rusty riders
Introduction
The Department of Planning, Transport
and Infrastructure is committed to safer,
greener and more active travel in South
Australian communities and encouraging
more people to cycle instead.
Getting started or dusting off the cobwebs? This
guide is for you.
This guide provides practical information for people of all
ages looking to ride for transport. It will be useful for ‘rusty’
riders and for those with limited experience of riding. For
more detailed information on the particular cycling road
rules of South Australia, refer to ‘Cycling and the Law’.
It’s easy to start a riding habit. All you need is a bike, a
helmet and some basic know-how. There’s no need for
special riding clothes or expensive equipment. Read on
for many helpful tips to prepare yourself and your bike
for safe, comfortable riding.
Contents
Choosing a bike
2
Riding craft
26
Types of bikes
Finding the right fit
Dusting off your old bike
Buying a new bike
Buying second hand
3
7
9
10
11
Ride within your limits
Know your road rules and responsibilities
Be alert and aware
Be confident, predictable and considerate
Be seen
27
28
29
30
31
Accessories for you and your bike
12
Maintaining your bike
32
Required by law
Optional accessories
Bicycle parts
13
15
19
Riding to work and other destinations
20
Basic bike maintenance
Routine maintenance
Professional bike servicing
Fixing a flat tyre
33
34
35
36
Plan your route
Riding for local trips
Bike parking, security and insurance
Bikes and public transport in Adelaide
21
23
24
25
choosing a bike
Your bike could be new,
second hand or dusted off
from the back of your shed.
Types of bikes
You need to consider:
ROAD BIKES
›› how often you will ride
Road bikes are generally light and provide good handling.
Their narrow tyres are suited for road use and are great
if you’re looking for a fast ride. The dropped handlebars
allow multiple hand positions and the large range of gears
is useful for commuting to work, racing or touring.
›› the terrain (on-road, off-road, hilly or flat)
›› how far you will be riding
›› the type of trips e.g. commuting, shopping, recreational
›› additional needs e.g. carrying bags, lights for night riding.
A bike shop can be very helpful in finding the right solution
for your needs and budget. Not only can they sell you a
new bike, they can help make sure an old or second-hand
bike is fully roadworthy.
TRY BEFORE YOU BUY
If you’re unsure which bike is right for you, why not borrow
one for a trial run? Ask a friend or family member, or hire a
free bike from Adelaide Free Bikes at a range of locations
across Adelaide. For details visit www.bikesa.asn.au/
AdelaideFreeBikes
The following descriptions cover most bikes that are
available and will help you to decide what is best for you.
3
CHOOSING A BIKE
CITY, COMFORT OR STEPTHROUGH STYLE BIKES
This broad style of bike often comes fitted with accessories
(such as pannier racks and front basket) and is great for
trips to the local shops. They have durable components
such as internal hubs and may have fewer gears than
other styles.
MOUNTAIN BIKES
Mountain bikes are generally versatile enough to be used
both on and off road. They have a large range of gears
and flat handlebars, making them a comfortable, easy ride.
Their design incorporates front and sometimes rear
suspension to tackle rough paths, and wide tyres with
knobbly tread to maintain grip.
This means more exertion is needed to achieve speed
on-road, although fitting ‘slicks’ (smoother tyres) can help.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
HYBRID BIKES AND FLAT BAR ROAD BIKES
Hybrid bikes combine components of road and mountain
bikes to make them suitable for both urban street riding and
moderate off-road riding. They feature limited suspension
and an upright riding position with flat handlebars, to make
riding comfortable and allow the rider to easily see, and be
seen, in traffic.
For commuting or shopping trips consider adding
accessories such as racks, panniers and mudguards. The
smooth tyres allow for more speed than a mountain bike
but are not as thin as on a road bike.
FOLD UP BIKES
Lightweight folding bikes are portable and easy to use and
store. For short trips and combined journeys, these multipurpose bikes can be put in the car boot or taken on some
public transport. The fold-and-carry nature is also great if
you have little space at home for storage or you’re unsure
if your destination has secure bike parking. These bikes
feature a small number of gears to assist with city riding and
have a low, step-through frame for easy dismounting.
5
CHOOSING A BIKE
DOWNHILL, BMX, TRICK BIKES AND CRUISER BIKES
These are not ideal for commuting, cruiser and trick bikes
having limited gearing and low seat position. BMXs have
particularly small wheels, making long trips uncomfortable.
Designed for extreme off-road conditions, downhill
mountain bikes are often heavy, have a limited number
gears and very knobbly tyres.
SINGLE SPEED BIKES
These bikes have become an increasingly popular choice in
Adelaide. They are simple to use and maintain and are suited
to our relatively flat terrain. Low-tech clean lines and often
retro styling make the single speed bike a statement in style.
POWER ASSISTED PEDAL BIKES
More people are choosing modern power assisted bikes
as a commuting option. A small attached motor can be
used when necessary, meaning you could ride uphill to
work without breaking into a sweat. Most feature a quiet
electric motor powered by a rechargeable battery, which
makes them heavier than a standard bike.
There is also a power assisted bicycle (or pedal cycle) that
meets the European standard for a Pedelec. These pedal
cycles have up to 250 watts of power and this power is
controlled by the rider using the pedals. Specialist bike
shops can help you with more information.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Finding the right fit
The comfort, handling and efficiency of your bike all rely
on the right fit. Bike frames come in different sizes, while
seats and handlebars can be changed or adjusted to suit
your body.
If you are buying a bike for a child, the appropriate size is
important for safety and enjoyment. Oversized bikes are
difficult to handle and dangerous, so don’t buy a bike for
a child to ‘grow into’.
Bike stores offer expert advice on the right size and setup
for you. Bikes are sized either in a number scale (inches
or centimetres) or in categories (e.g. small, medium or
large). If you find riding causes physical discomfort, seek
assistance in adjusting your bike.
To test the fit yourself start by straddling the bike with
your feet flat on the ground. If you can’t easily reach the
ground, it’s too big. You should also consider the length
of the frame. This affects how far you have to reach for
the handlebars.
7
CHOOSING A BIKE
SEAT HEIGHT
Adjust the seat so that your leg is just less than fully
extended at the bottom of the pedal stroke. This prevents
you tilting your hips to reach the pedals.
HANDLEBAR HEIGHT
This depends on the type of riding and personal
preference. Lower handlebars put you in a more crouched
position for high speed riding. Higher handlebars put
you in a more straight backed position, providing greater
comfort and helping you easily see, and be seen, in traffic.
handlebars are often adjustable and should be set so
arms are slightly bent and your body leans forward.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Dusting off your old bike
DO YOU HAVE AN OLD BIKE GATHERING DUST
SOMEWHERE?
It could be suitable for your needs. Here’s what you should
consider.
IS IT SUITABLE FOR THE TYPE OF RIDING YOU
WISH TO DO?
Refer to the previous subsection, Types of bikes.
Your bike will likely require cleaning and lubrication as a
minimum. The Maintaining your bike section has more
information, plus a quick safety check and basic repair
instructions, such as replacing a tube or tyre.
If you’re not confident that the bike is suitable and
roadworthy, take it to a bike store for advice. Most will
provide a free appraisal and quote for any necessary
repairs. This will help you decide whether to use your old
bike or look for another. If you do decide that a new bike is
in order, there are many charities that accept donated bikes.
IS IT ROADWORTHY?
Check tyres and inner tubes for punctures and
deterioration. Check brakes, gears and chain for
corrosion, ease of movement and correct tension.
9
CHOOSING A BIKE
Buying a new bike
Bikes have advanced considerably in recent years. As a
form of reliable transport they represent excellent value for
money. Many affordable new bikes include improvements
such as lighter weight components, smooth gears,
suspension and disc brakes.
A bike store can supply accessories as well as provide
maintenance and servicing. There are local bike
stores throughout South Australia and most offer a
complimentary first service several months after the bike
purchase. Buying a bike online is another option and might
save you money. However, consider that you may have to
assemble all or part of it yourself, and you won’t have the
chance to test it first for comfort and fit.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Buying second hand
Used bikes are available from a range of sources including
online bike retailers, classifieds, second hand dealers such
as not for profit organisations and online auction sites, as
well as some bike stores. You might find a bargain, but
remember it’s only a good deal if it meets some important
criteria.
Is the bike suitable for your needs? Is it the right size?
(see Finding the right fit). Is it roadworthy? Has it been
put together from second hand parts? check for a bent,
dented or cracked frame or forks, with particular focus on
the joins or welds.
Look for rust, wear or distortion of components. While
these can be replaced, it can be more expensive to fix an
old bike than to buy a new one. A bike shop may be able
to give you advice and an indication of cost on repairs and
replacement parts.
11
accessories
for you and
your bike
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Accessories can improve
the quality, safety and
enjoyment of your riding
experience. Some are
optional whilst others are
required by law. When
budgeting for a bike,
remember to allow for
accessories.
Required by law
HELMET
TIPS FOR CORRECT FIT
When riding you must wear a helmet. It must comply with
Australian standard AS/NZ2063, be properly adjusted and
securely fastened. A helmet must also be worn by any
passenger, such as a child in a carrier seat or trailer.
1. Position the helmet so that it protects the forehead
(10 to 15mm above your eyebrows).
A correct fit is important. Your local bike shop can help
you find the right size and adjust it for best fit.
3. Fasten the strap under the chin, with one finger width
ease between strap and chin.
2. Tighten helmet at red button or at the adjustment point
at the back of the helmet.
4. Tighten the straps so that they are both firm and
comfortable. The plastic slide should make the straps
meet just below the ears.
5. The helmet should fit securely and be unable to slide
forwards, backwards or side to side.
In the event of a crash, you should purchase a new helmet
even if damage is not visible. The foam in your helmet
provides protection by absorbing the impact. This impact
compresses the foam, reducing its future effectiveness.
13
ACCESSORIES FOR YOU AND YOUR BIKE
WARNING DEVICES
Every bike must have an effective warning device such as
a bell or horn, in working order and easy to reach, to alert
others of your approach.
REFLECTORS AND LIGHTS
By law your bike must have a red rear reflector that is
clearly visible for at least 50 metres from the rear, when
light is projected onto it by low beam.
If you ride your bike at night or in weather with reduced
visibility, such as heavy rain or fog, you must have (on you
or your bike):
›› a front flashing or steady white light that is clearly visible
at least 200 metres from the front of the bike
›› a rear flashing or steady red light that is clearly visible at
least 200 metres from the rear of the bike.
These are the minimum accessories required and you may
wish to use further lights, reflectors and reflective clothing
to increase your own safety.
Safety can also be increased by positioning your lights to
allow for maximum visibility. This can be achieved by tilting
them down to illuminate the road ahead of you.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Optional accessories
The right accessories allow you to transport gear, fix
mechanical breakdowns, improve safety and comfort.
TOOL KIT
A good basic kit would include tyre levers, spare tube/
puncture repair kit, pump and multipurpose tool. This
allows for minor adjustments and puncture repair.
PUMP
A small hand pump can be attached to your bike or carried
in a backpack or pocket and will cover both Presta (mostly
road bike tubes) and Schraeder valves (same as a car valve)
which are used most commonly on other bike types.
Another popular option is a CO2 inflator, which works by
providing pressurised gas to instantly inflate a repaired
flat tyre.
15
ACCESSORIES FOR YOU AND YOUR BIKE
OPTIONS FOR CARRYING YOUR GEAR
WATER BOTTLE
›› Under seat bags – these are attached to the seat and
are normally only big enough to store your tool kit, plus
carry small essentials like keys and money while you ride.
It’s important to stay hydrated when riding. Most bikes will
come with a water bottle holder or can easily have one
installed.
›› Backpacks – if you’re using a backpack regularly,
investing in a cycling/walking specific backpack will be
most comfortable. Most have straps across the chest and
around the waist to ensure the bag doesn’t slip around.
MUDGUARDS
›› Baskets – attached to the handlebars, baskets are
handy for carrying various items when running errands
locally.
During wet weather, mudguards will protect you from road
spray and can generally be easily fitted and removed.
BIKE COMPUTER
›› Panniers – these removable ‘saddlebags’ allow you to
stow gear on the sides of your bike. Having panniers on
both sides creates an even weight distribution.
If you’re curious about how far or fast you’re travelling, check
out the variety of bike computers at your local bike shop.
›› Racks – a rack is generally attached behind the seat.
Here, you can hang panniers or strap a bag.
MIRRORS
›› Trailers – these can be used for larger items or even a
child (with helmet).
Some commuters like to use mirrors for added safety.
options include small mirrors that click onto handlebars
and lenses that attach to helmets.
LOCK
The right type of lock may depend on whether it will be
carried with you or stay attached to a permanent fixture
e.g. a bike rail at your workplace. Options include cables
and D locks. A bike shop can help you decide.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
CHILD SEATS, TRAILERS AND ‘TAG ALONGS’
Young children can sit in a child carrier seat attached to the
rear or front of your bike, or can travel in a trailer. Slightly
older children can ride a ‘tag along’ which attaches to your
bike. Passengers must wear a helmet and any straps or
buckles on seats or trailers must be securely fastened.
BIKE RACKS FOR CARS
Specialised bike racks,
either as roof rack or tow bar
attachments, allow you to
transport your bike by car.
Detailed information on the
rules relating to trailers and
racks is found in Cycling and
the Law. By removing the
front wheel, many bikes will
fit in a car.
17
ACCESSORIES FOR YOU AND YOUR BIKE
WHAT TO WEAR
›› Suitable clothes – you don’t need to wear lycra or
cycling shoes to ride a bike, but comfort and mobility
are important. Short distances can be completed in your
work attire or everyday clothes. For longer distances,
padded bike shorts (knicks) can increase comfort. For
night riding, light or bright coloured clothing, reflective
vests and/or arm bands are recommended.
›› Gloves – wearing gloves will protect your hands from
the elements and increase comfort and safety.
›› Footwear – if you are travelling for long distances you
may want to invest in riding-specific shoes. Stiff-soled
shoes with optional cleats (that slot or clip into pedals)
increase pedalling efficiency. Some incorporate a
recessed cleat with a flush sole, for walking comfort.
›› Sunglasses – these will keep insects, road debris and
rain at bay as well as providing relief from sun glare.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Bicycle parts
Seat
Handlebars
Seat Post
Brake Lever
Seat Adjustment
Pannier Rack
Brake
Mudguard
Brake
Mudguard
Brake Pad
Cassette
Crank
Rear
Derailleur
Pedal
Front
Derailleur
Tyre
Chain
Wheel Rim
19
riding to work
and other
destinations
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
It’s likely many of
your regular car
trips are of easy
riding distance.
Riding offers a
great alternative to
the car, especially
for short trips. For
longer trips you
could combine
riding with public
transport or the car.
Plan your route
Be prepared to start small by riding just a day or two a
week, and build from there as your confidence and fitness
grow.
Before beginning a regular bike trip, it’s a good idea to
plan your journey. Route selection depends on your level
of riding experience, personal preference and access to
bike lanes, paths and trails.
If you know someone who rides to your destination
regularly, ask for advice. You may pick up some great tips
on where to ride, park, shower and change if necessary.
Most regular riders are happy to share tips to help others
get started.
If you’re riding within the Adelaide metropolitan area, plan
your trip using the bikedirect network, which includes
main roads, bike lanes, local streets, off-road and
unsealed paths.
The Cycle Instead Journey Planner is an interactive
tool which generates cycling routes using the bikedirect
network, allowing you to choose a variety of options that
take into account fitness and confidence levels, road
conditions and speed of travel.
These are available online: www.cycleinstead.com.au
Some riders prefer riding on main roads for a direct route
to their destination while others prefer local streets and offroad paths. Whichever you choose, consider doing a trial
ride on a weekend, to check your route’s suitability and
the time it will take.
21
RIDING TO WORK AND OTHER DESTINATIONS
If you prefer a hard copy, Cycling and Walking Maps
complement the online bikedirect maps. These six
compact guides cover the majority of metropolitan
Adelaide and are available from:
[email protected]
Outside the metropolitan area, organisations such
as councils may provide local maps.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Riding for local trips
Think of a short trip you currently use the car for – could
you ride instead? With some preparation you could ride to:
›› the local shops
›› sports practice or the gym
›› the movies
›› catch up with friends or family
›› school with your children.
You’ll be supporting local business, getting some exercise
and avoiding the hazards and hassles of carparks.
Riding with your children is a great way to teach them how
to ride safely. Quiet local roads and off-road paths provide
a good learning environment. Changes to regulations
also now mean that people of all ages are permitted to
ride bicycles on footpaths (unless there is a sign stating
otherwise) making it even easier for you and your family
to enjoy riding together.
For more information and videos about supporting children
to ride bikes go to www.dpti.sa.gov.au/Way2Go
23
RIDING TO WORK AND OTHER DESTINATIONS
Bike parking, security
and insurance
If you are leaving your bike in a public area, try to choose
a well lit place in full public view. Always lock your bike
to an immovable object (parking rail if possible) with a
good quality lock, even when only leaving it for a short
time. Lock the frame and wheels to the rail. If security is
important you may also want to remove accessories such
as lights, pump, pannier bags or bike computers.
The following precautions can improve the chances of
your bike being recovered if stolen:
›› engrave your driver’s licence number on the base of the
frame (or a relative or friend’s licence number)
›› record the bike’s serial number which is found under
the bottom of the bike
›› keep a photograph or description of the bike (bike
brand, model, size and colour).
Some household insurance polices may cover your bike
against theft. Some also provide public and personal liability
coverage if you injure someone else or damage someone
else’s property whilst riding. Refer to your insurance policy
or contact your insurance company for details. A number
of cycling organisations provide third party public liability
insurance and personal accident insurance.
24
A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Bikes and public transport
in Adelaide
If your journey is too long to ride, why not combine riding
with public transport? You may be able to ride to a public
transport interchange and store your bike safely in a bike
locker or cage. New secure bike cages are now available
for use by those with a registered Metrocard at some of
Adelaide’s most popular public transport locations. You
can also take your bike on a train for a low cost at peak
travel times and free during off-peak times and weekends.
Visit the Adelaide Metro website www.adelaidemetro.
com.au or call their infoline on 1300 311 108 for
information on lockers, cages, timetables and public
transport journey planning.
25
riding craft
So, you have your bike and
gear ready. You’ve planned
your trips and routes. Do
you feel confident enough
to head straight out onto the
road? As a bike rider, you
are more exposed on the
road than drivers in motor
vehicles, so it’s important to
be aware and skilled.
26
A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Ride within your limits
Before you head out into traffic, be sure you are confident
with balance, changing gears, cornering and braking. If
you’re new to riding on the road, or it’s been a while since
you rode in traffic, start by riding along off-road paths or
quieter local roads. Take it at your own pace.
A number of organisations in South Australia deliver bike
training courses to help you gain the skills and confidence
for an enjoyable and safe ride.
Riding is an increasingly popular recreational activity and
transport option. You’re bound to know, work or study
with someone who rides and who can offer you tips, or
even become a bike buddy.
27
RIDING CRAFT
Know your road rules and
responsibilities
Remember that a bike is a legal road vehicle. Bike riders
have the same responsibilities and must obey the same
rules as motor vehicle drivers.
The Driver’s Handbook outlines all your road safety
responsibilities and road rules while Cycling and the Law
details all rules specific to bike riders. Both are available
online: see the back of this guide.
Recent years have seen new road treatments for bike
riders installed through the Adelaide CBD such as bike
boxes, priority signals and segregated bicycle lanes. Both
of these publications give information on how to use them.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Be alert and aware
Riding in traffic requires you to be alert at all times.
›› Make eye contact with other road users to ensure they
have seen you.
›› When riding past vehicles that are stationary be mindful
of gaps in the traffic. Sometimes cars turn through these
gaps in stationary traffic placing you in a dangerous
position.
›› Constantly check your riding environment for road
debris, pot holes and uneven surfaces.
›› In the rain, road markings, train and tram tracks and
petrol spills can become slippery.
›› If you are planning to overtake someone remember to
use your bell for safety and courtesy.
›› Give way to pedestrians when you are using shared
use paths.
›› Listening to music through headphones whilst riding
does not allow you to have your full attention on the
road.
›› Constantly observe the traffic so you are aware of
what’s going on around you.
›› Watch for people in parked cars who might open a
door in front of you, and for motor vehicles reversing
out of driveways. Do not assume they have seen you
so leave a safe distance.
›› Pedestrians may not see or hear you coming. On busy
streets they may step out suddenly from between
parked cars.
29
RIDING CRAFT
Be confident, predictable and considerate
Stay safer by ensuring that other road users are aware of
your intentions.
›› Ride predictably and confidently.
›› Use hand signals and don’t weave in and out of traffic.
›› Use your bell or voice to alert other road users of your
approach.
›› You may ride abreast another cyclist but not more than
1.5 metres apart. Always be considerate of other road
users.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Be seen
Make it easy for motorists to see you well in advance.
›› Although the law states that you must ride as close to
the left as practicable, give yourself room to ride out
from the kerb to avoid debris in the gutter and to be
more visible for motorists.
›› When stopped at an intersection, position yourself so
you can be seen by other road users.
›› Don’t ride too closely behind vehicles or in blind spots.
›› Wear light or bright coloured clothing/items for daytime
riding and reflective clothing/items for night-time rides.
31
maintaining
your bike
A well maintained bike
will give you greater
performance, reliability
and safety and you can
carry out many repair and
maintenance jobs yourself.
Additionally, you should
have your bike professionally
serviced around once a year.
The type of maintenance
depends on use, frequency
and distance of your riding.
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Basic bike maintenance
A QUICK CHECK
BASIC BIKE TOOLKIT
Whilst it’s a good idea to complete this check every time
you ride, pay particular attention if you haven’t had a ride
on the bike recently, or have removed and replaced any
components:
Most basic maintenance can be undertaken at home,
using a few simple tools:
›› check tyre pressure. Tyres should feel firm if squeezed
hard. Firm tyres make riding easier and reduce the risk
of punctures
›› puncture repair kit
›› tyre levers
›› allen keys or multi tool
›› spanners and a screwdriver
›› check that the seat height is correct for you and the
seat post is firmly inserted
›› cleaning rags and brush
›› check that both wheels are securely fastened and that
quick release levers (if you have them) are tight and in
the closed position, parallel to the front forks (front) or
seat stay (rear)
›› floor pump (if you become a regular rider, a floor pump
left at home will enable you to easily pump your tyres
up to their recommended pressure).
›› bike specific lubricant
›› check the brake action by applying front and rear
brakes, test riding carefully if unsure.
33
MAINTAINING YOUR BIKE
Routine maintenance
Around once a month, depending on use, perform these
maintenance tasks.
CHECK WHEELS AND TYRES
Check tyre pressure. The setting is written on the tyre’s
sidewall. Check for wear or cracks in the tyre rubber. Lift
the bike and spin the wheels, observing any distortion in the
rotation. If you have a buckled wheel, take it to a bike store.
DROP TEST AND FRAME CHECK
Hold the bike around 10-15cm off the ground. Then,
while loosely supporting the frame, allow the bike to
‘drop’ to the ground. Listen and feel for any looseness in
components. If detected, tighten using the appropriate
spanner or allen key/multi tool. Pay particular attention to
the handlebars and stem. Make a close visual inspection
of the weld points on the frame for cracks.
BRAKE ADJUSTMENT
When braking hard, there should still be clearance
between the brake lever and the handlebar. Use the cable
adjustment screw on the brake lever to tighten if necessary.
Make a visual inspection of brake pads or disc pads.
If brake pads are worn below grooves replace them.
Disc pads can be difficult to replace if worn below
the recommended thickness. Consult a bike shop for
replacements.
CLEANING AND LUBRICATION
Use a cloth, brush or chain cleaning tool and a solvent/
degreaser to clean the chain. Apply a bike specific
lubricant (don’t use mineral oils such as car oil, as they
attract dirt). Trickle lubricant onto each chain link, all
cables, pivot points and wipe external surfaces with a
cloth or paper towel. Cleaning and lubrication should be
done more often when riding in wet or dirty conditions.
LIGHTS
Check operation and replace bike light batteries as soon
as they become dim (see the Accessories section).
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A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
Professional bike servicing
Bike stores offer professional servicing, generally
undertaken by qualified mechanics. This will help keep the
more complex and inaccessible workings of your bike, like
gears and bearings, in great condition. If you purchase a
bike from a bike store you will generally be provided with a
complimentary service after several months.
More information on bike maintenance is available from
bookshops, libraries and the internet. In addition there are
various organisations in South Australia that offer basic
and advanced bike maintenance training. Ask at your local
bike shop for details.
35
MAINTAINING YOUR BIKE
Fixing a flat tyre
Chances are you will get a puncture at some time.
Knowing how to confidently repair a puncture makes
it an inconvenience rather than a disaster.
The best approach is to carry a spare tube as well as a
puncture repair kit and a pump. Replace the tube on the
roadside and take the punctured tube home to discard
or fix at your leisure.
Here’s a quick guide to changing a tube and fixing a
puncture. It’s a good idea to practise this at home a few
times before you find yourself needing to do it on the
roadside.
REMOVE THE WHEEL
Turn the bike over, release or loosen the brake callipers,
undo the wheel fastening (loosen the quick release or
undo bolts on wheel). For the rear wheel, move the
chain to the smallest gear of the chain wheel and cluster.
Remove the wheel.
36
A GUIDE FOR NEW AND RUSTY RIDERS
REMOVE THE TYRE
Release one side of the
tyre from the rim using
tyre levers as shown and
pull the tube out, starting
at the valve.
FIND THE CAUSE
Check outside the tyre
for obvious culprits
such as thorns or nails.
Carefully feel inside the
tyre for sharp points.
If you find the cause,
remove it and proceed
with installing your new
tube.
INSTALLING A NEW OR REPAIRED TUBE
Start inserting the tube between the wheel rim and tyre, at
the point where the valve goes through the rim hole. Then
work your way around to insert the whole tube into the rim,
making sure no tube protrudes. Take care to ensure the
valve is seated correctly through the hole in the rim. Use
hands and tyre levers to push the tyre back inside the wheel
rim. Inflate to correct pressure. Reinstall the wheel and don’t
forget to re-tighten your brakes if you loosened them.
PATCHING THE TUBE
If you have found the puncture site, begin with the repair.
If not, reinflate the tube and check the valve. If that seems
fine, hold the tube under water in a bucket, looking for
bubbles to indicate the puncture site, and mark when
found. Sandpaper the area immediately surrounding the
hole. Spread glue over the scratched area slightly larger
than the patch size and leave 5 minutes for the glue to
become tacky. Remove the foil cover from the patch and
apply to the glued area firmly. If possible, allow to set
under pressure (use a clamp or heavy object) overnight.
37
For more information
›› Cycling and the Law
›› Road Traffic Act and Regulations
›› Bikedirect network
›› Cycling and Walking Maps
›› Cycle Instead Journey Planner
The Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure
www.dpti.sa.gov.au/cycling
email [email protected]
phone 131 084
While every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that this document is
correct at the time of publication, the State of South Australia, its agencies,
instrumentalities, employees and contractors disclaim any and all liability to any
person in respect to anything or the consequence of anything done or omitted
to be done in reliance upon the whole or any part of this document.
© Government of South Australia. Published 2016. All rights reserved.
Cycle Instead… it’s easier than you think
www.dpti.sa.gov.au/cycling