Food and Nutrients
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Printed: September 4, 2015
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C HAPTER
Chapter 1. Food and Nutrients
1
Food and Nutrients
Lesson 17.1: True or False
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
Write true if the statement is true or false if the statement is false.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
_______ All carbohydrates provide the body with energy.
_______ Fiber helps keep sugar and lipids at normal levels in the blood.
_______ Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 Calories of energy per gram.
_______ Eating trans fats can increase the risk of heart disease.
_______ Your body can produce some of the minerals it needs.
_______ Potassium is needed for strong bones and teeth.
_______ Vitamin B12 is needed for normal nerve function.
Lesson 17.1: Critical Reading
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
Read this passage based on the text and answer the questions that follow.
Micronutrients are nutrients the body needs in relatively small amounts. They include minerals and vitamins. These
nutrients don’t provide the body with energy, but they are still essential for good health.
Minerals are chemical elements that don’t come from living things or include the element carbon. Many different
minerals are needed, and they have a diversity of functions. For example, the minerals calcium, magnesium, and
phosphorus are needed for strong bones; and the minerals potassium and sodium are needed for normal muscle and
nerve functions. Your body can’t produce any of the minerals it needs, so you must get all you need from the foods
you eat.
Vitamins are organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. Humans need 16
different vitamins, and they have a diversity of functions. For example, vitamin A is needed for normal vision, and
vitamin K is needed for normal blood clotting. Most vitamins have to be consumed in food, but there are a few
exceptions. Vitamin D is made in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. Vitamins B12 and K are made by bacteria
that normally live in the gut.
Questions
1. What are micronutrients?
2. Compare and contrast vitamins and minerals.
3. Identify two minerals and two vitamins that the human body needs, and state their functions in the body.
Lesson 17.1: Multiple Choice
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
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Circle the letter of the correct choice.
1. Your body needs food for
a.
b.
c.
d.
energy.
growth and repair of body tissues.
control of body processes.
all of the above
2. There are six major types of nutrients. One of the six types is
a.
b.
c.
d.
water.
trans fat.
glucose.
fiber.
3. Micronutrients include
a.
b.
c.
d.
starches.
minerals.
fiber.
proteins.
4. Roles of proteins in the body include
a.
b.
c.
d.
making up cell membranes.
helping blood clot.
keeping bones strong.
fighting infections.
5. How many Calories are provided by one gram of lipids?
a.
b.
c.
d.
4
5
8
9
6. Vitamins made by bacteria in the gut include vitamin
a.
b.
c.
d.
A.
B12 .
D.
two of the above
7. All of the following types of nutrients can be used for energy except
a.
b.
c.
d.
vitamins.
proteins.
carbohydrates.
lipids.
Lesson 17.1: Matching
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
Match each definition with the correct term.
Definitions
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Chapter 1. Food and Nutrients
_______ state in which the body does not contain enough water
_______ any nutrient the body needs in relatively small amounts
_______ chemical element needed in small amounts for normal functioning of the body
_______ artificial lipid added to foods to preserve freshness
_______ any nutrient the body needs in relatively large amounts
_______ nutrient made up of amino acids
_______ sugar, starch, or fiber
Terms
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
trans fat
macronutrient
carbohydrate
dehydration
protein
micronutrient
mineral
Lesson 17.1: Fill in the Blank
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
Fill in the blank with the appropriate term.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The energy in food is measured in a unit called the _____.
Any substance in food that the body needs is called a(n) _____.
_____ is a complex carbohydrate that consists mainly of cellulose and cannot be digested.
The only macronutrient that does not provide energy to the body is _____.
_____ are organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts to function properly.
Complex carbohydrates that provide the body with energy are called _____.
Vitamin _____ is made in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight.
Lesson 17.1: Critical Writing
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
Thoroughly answer the question below. Use appropriate academic vocabulary and clear and complete sentences.
Explain functions of carbohydrates in the body, and identify good food sources of these nutrients.
3