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323/Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Vol 18 No.4 Oct-Nov 2016
Downloaded from ijem.sbmu.ac.ir at 10:23 +0430 on Sunday June 18th 2017
Review Article
The Effects of Prenatal Excess Androgens Exposure on the
Gene Expression
Salehi Jahromi M1, Ramezani Tehrani F1, Zadeh-Vakili A2
1Reroductive
Endocrinology Research Center, & 2Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Obesity
Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
I.R. Iran
e-mail: [email protected]
Received: 25/07/2016 Accepted: 06/09/2016
Abstract
Introduction: Prenatal exposure to excess androgens, as environmental factors affecting the
fetal epigenome, and also a potent agent for developing special phenotypes in adulthood, has been
the subject of many studies during recent decades. Results of various molecular studies
conducted in this area indicate that exposure to androgens, during certain periods of growth and
development of the fetus, affects cellular processes, tissues and organ development leading to
phenotype and behavior alterations, one of which is causing susceptibility to polycystic ovary
syndrome in adulthood. Testosterone, the most important androgen, has interfering effects in
metabolic and endocrine pathways, usually a result of epigenetic changes. In recognition of
diverted pathways leading to the development of disease conditions and considering possible
interventions at the molecular level in these directions, control of prenatal environment and
conditions can be taken to account as the first and most important step in prevention of related
diseases. This article reviews the studies on the epigenetic and gene expression changes of
various biological pathways as a result of this exposure, using the polycystic ovarian syndrome as
an appropriate model to illustrate this exposure.
Keywords: Prenatal exposure, Androgen excess, Epigenetics, Gene expression, Fetal development, PCOS