Symbiotic Relationships Symbiosis- two species living together 3 Types of symbiosis: 1. Parasitism 2. Mutualism -obligatory - casual Symbiotic Relationships Parasitismone species benefits (parasite) and the other is harmed (host) Parasite-Host relationship Symbiotic Relationships Parasitismparasite-host Ex. lampreys, leeches, fleas, ticks,tapeworm Symbiotic Relationships Mutualismbeneficial to both species Ex. cleaning birds and cleaner shrimp Symbiotic Relationships Mutualismbeneficial to both species Ex. lichen There is much debate about whether commensalistic relationships are just early mutualism. We may just not understand the benefits to each organism. Some mutualistic relationships become so obligatory (lichen) that organisms cannot live without them and other relationships are more casual (oxpecker and ox). Symbiotic Relationships ?Commensalism?one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped Ex. orchids on a tree Epiphytes: A plant, such as a tropical orchid or a bromeliad, that grows on another plant upon which it depends for mechanical support but not for nutrients. Also called aerophyte, air plant. Type of Species relationship harmed Commensalism Parasitism Mutualism = 1 species Species benefits Species neutral Video clip Symbiotic song Another song Other types of relationships (we have or will talk about) Competition Predator/ prey Social interactions
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