Symbiotic Relationships Parasitism

Symbiotic Relationships
Symbiosis- two species living together
3 Types of
symbiosis:
1. Parasitism
2. Mutualism
-obligatory
- casual
Symbiotic Relationships
Parasitismone species benefits (parasite) and
the other is harmed (host)
ž Parasite-Host
relationship
Symbiotic Relationships
Parasitismparasite-host
Ex. lampreys,
leeches, fleas,
ticks,tapeworm
Symbiotic Relationships
Mutualismbeneficial to
both species
Ex. cleaning birds
and cleaner
shrimp
Symbiotic Relationships
Mutualismbeneficial to both species
Ex. lichen
There is much debate about whether
commensalistic relationships are just early
mutualism. We may just not understand the
benefits to each organism.
ž  Some mutualistic relationships become so
obligatory (lichen) that organisms cannot
live without them and other relationships
are more casual (oxpecker and ox).
ž 
Symbiotic Relationships
?Commensalism?one species benefits
and the other is
neither harmed nor
helped
Ex. orchids on a tree
Epiphytes: A plant, such as a
tropical orchid or a bromeliad,
that grows on another plant
upon which it depends for
mechanical support but not for
nutrients. Also called
aerophyte, air plant.
Type of
Species
relationship
harmed
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
= 1 species
Species
benefits
Species
neutral
Video clip
ž  Symbiotic
song
ž  Another song
Other types of relationships (we
have or will talk about)
ž  Competition
ž  Predator/
prey
ž  Social interactions