Chapter 8 Study Questions
1. What factor prevented the greatest number of children from attending public high
schools? Racism
2. Why did Southern states sometimes use the grandfather clause? It kept African
Americans from voting but allowed whites to vote.
3. What innovations were a part of city expansion in the 19th century? Subways,
skyscrapers and suspension bridges.
4. What was emphasized by Daniel Burnham’s plan for the city of Chicago? A lakefront
park system
5. What invention made possible the skyscraper? The elevator and a steel framework
6. How did many Mexicans earn a living in the Southwest? By working on the railroad and
in agriculture
7. What areas of entertainment became popular around the turn of the 20th century?
Professional baseball, vaudeville theatre and amusement parks
8. What were Jim Crow laws? Laws that separated the races
9. What was the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson? The Supreme Court ruled that racial
segregation in public facilities was legal
10.Which development in the late 1900s allowed cities to expand outward? New railroad
lines
11.Which development lowered the price of newspapers to a penny a copy? A printing
press that printed both sides of the paper at the same time
12.Who expressed the belief that racism would end as blacks acquired practical work skills
and proved their economic value to society? Booker T. Washington
13.List three things that kept African Americans in the South from voting? Poll taxes,
grandfather clauses, literacy tests
14.Bicycling and amusement parks reflected what trend in the 1900s? an interest in leisure
activities
15.Which effect can be traced directly to the Supreme Court’s ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson?
Racial segregation was permitted for nearly 60 years
16.What is the name of the system that bound laborers into slavery in order to work off a
debt to the employer? Debt peonage
17.Who was the newspaper editor that led a crusade against lynching? Ida B. Wells
18.What university was founded by Booker T. Washington? Its location is just south of
Auburn University? Tuskegee University
19.Who had the first successful airplane flight? The Wright Brothers