2
CORTLAND SEMI-WEEKLY STANDARD, FRIDAY, MARCH 3, 1893.
Hood’s Sarsaparilla,
Paine’s Celery Geipifl,
Bcoti’s E n lii,
$ 1 .0 0 per Pottle.
INAUGURATION DAYS.
Historic Notes Apropos to the
Coming Event of March 4.
KiTETEEN PRESIDENTS ELECTED.
Three for $ 2 80.
Fitz Boynton & Co.,
Leaders in Paints and Drugs.
Makes an every-day convenience of an
old-time luxury. Pure and wholesome.
Prepared with scrupulous care. Highest
award at ail Pure Food Expositions. Each
package makes two iarge pies. Avoid
imitations— and insist on having the
NONE SUCH brand.
MERRELL & SOULE, Syracuse, N. Y.
(1108 t.f SW If
Agents! Rent Payers!! Borrowers II!
If you want to own a home—If you want to
pay off a mortgage—if you want to invest your
money at the highest rate of interest eouristenrwith safety—if you want a permanent, lucra­
tive agency for a building and loan association
with S 1,000 000 assets and- $100 COO deposited
with hanking department—if any of above
wants are yours, then write the GRANITE
STATE PROVIDENT ASSOCIATION, World
Building, New York.
sw412 tu m3
SW361 yl
A N D E S
P a rlo r : S to v e s !
^3$T JC *
In their various styles and sizes, together w ith the assortm ent of cheaper
kinds w e are showing, m ake the largest num ber and greatest va­
riety in styles and prices of heating stoves ever shown
in Cortland.
O U R
j g k j &
. € L &
O T ---------
L I N E
^
Including the Lake|A ndES FOUR-HOLE RANGE, which has had such an enor­
mous sale, together w ith the well-known H a p p y T h o u g h t , enables us
to suit every one in w ant of cook stove, as to kind aud price,
W e axe offering Second-hand Parlor Stoves a t ju st one-half their actuaJ value, and
m any of them are late patterns and been used only a short tim e Also
several bargains in Second-hand Ranges.
B U C K & LA N E, S ta n to n u m id ’g.
A G O LD EN O PPO RTU N ITY ,
<1167 tf SW371 R
W e w ill s e ll o u r o d d p a ir s o f
f : Hie: Original: Prlc
BARE BARGAINS!
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50.
44
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Men’s, w om en’s and children’s Fine Shoes a t a great sacrifice to reduce stock
and save moving, DO NOT W A IT! but secure some of these great bargains at
once, They are going fast
d!25tf sw fr 357tf
W o m e n ’s R u b b e r s
G. H . A M E S & C O
D EM O CR AT BLOCK
H A L F P R IC E
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DR. GREEN’S
R E S T O R E D NERVE TABLETS
MANHOOD
A re a recent discovery of rem edies, acting directly upon th e nave
centres, an d give n ew strength, life an d vigor to w asted or ru n down
m en a n d w om en, w ho from overwork, excesses, yo u th fu l indiscretion,
, excessive use o f stim ulants, tobacco, o r o th er causes suffer from Nerv' our. Pr.istrafion, W eakened M emory, Loss o f Pow er or M anhood, Sleep.
. .
lessness, an d all k in d red Nervous D isorders. A cure is guaranteed or
B £ ro m ' ATjn a f t e r t a k in g m onev refunded. Sold a t $1. pci* box or six boxes for $5, S ent by m ail.
A ddress DR, GRKRX M kD IC IN k CO., P . O. Bon673, R oche ..t i ;r , n . y .
F o r s a l e toy F I T 2 B O Y N T O N
&
C O ., IJrujrJi'isiS.
d303yl i!W417yl
fr
D R AMechanics,
W I N 8 Mining,
T d > yProsprHtag,
S H T BArmiiutut,
Y , M Letc.
Also,
To begin,
students only need know
how toxcarl and y/rite.
W PEOM AS Awarded. Low Prices. Send ibr FLEE
Circular to The Correspondence Schoou of Meck6hios, Soranton, Pa.
415 W4
Sixteen Were Inaugurated on March 4,
Two on Marclx 5 and One on April 30.
Curious Tacts Tending to Create Supersti­
tion—Comparison with Other Countries.
How March 4 Came .to Bo Selected for
Inauguration Hay—Curious and Inter­
esting Facts Connected with tlie Occasion.
[Copyright, 1893, by American Press Associa­
tion.]
There is an old story to the effect that
Benjamin Franklin selected the 4th of
March for inauguration day because in the
next two centuries it would
fall on Sunday less often
than any other day in the
year, and this statement has
v crept into a few works meant
< to he historical. It is, howtfever, but one of the many
cases, like those of Niobe
and Lot’s wife, in which a
WASHIXGTON. remarkable and interesting
fact lias gradually given rise to a legend to
account for the fact. It is a pleasing story,
but there is no proof of it whatever, and
thero is almost conclusive proof to the con­
trary.
It is certain that Franklin bothered him­
self very little about the distinction be­
tween sacred and secular d ays, and disre­
garded it altogether in his
daily life; that the conven­
tion of 1787 did not fix the
day, and in fact could have
fftftft
no means of foreseeing when
it would be possible to name
a day, and that vrhen it became possible by the ad- fty
hesion of the ninth state to '
the constitution the Con- JbIIN ADAMS,
federation congress then in session fixed
the day by a sort of accident. And yet it
is a fact, and a very curious fact indeed,
that the day does very rarely fall on Sun­
day, though at first view it would seem
that this day or any other day would do so
one tim e in seven.
The first day set was Wednesday, and
the years 1800 and 1000 are, contrary to the
four year rule, not leap years. The first day
was just eleven years before
the close of the century, and
I J? \\ thus it has resulted that the
day has fallen on Sunday
'aw .A but three tim es in the first
hundred years and w ill not
again fall on Sunday till
11)17. Thereafter it w ill so
fall only in 1945 and 1973 in
the next century, the result
jefttf.i;,son. being such a conjunction
only six times in the first two centuries of
the government’s existence, or once in
thirty-three instead of once in seven years.
But little less curious was the result of
the meeting of the first congress in 1759.
As six congresses convened in the last cen­
tury and the seventh iu 1801 it results that
t he calculation as to the number of any
congress turns on the alleged “unlucky
number”—13. Thus, to determine the num­
ber of any congress, add thirteen to the
year it first convened and divide by two—
the quotient is the number of the congress.
Conversely, double the number of any con­
gress and substract thirteen, and the re­
mainder w ill be the year it convened.
Ninety-one aud thirteen are 104, the half of
which is fifty-two—the number of the pres­
ent congress. For the next century add
113, and so on.
Though we have had twenty-three presi­
dents, but nineteen were formally inaugu­
rated, and but sixteen of these on the 4th
of March, if the first time
only he counted, for Wash­
ington took the oath the
Hi: t time on April 30, and <V-!§> 'A 'if
Taylor and Hayes were
inaugurated on Monday,
March 5. The same is true
of Monroe’s second inaugu­
ration, but his first was on
the regular day. The sec­ MADISON.
ond A dams, Pierce aud Garfield were in­
augurated on Friday. Five inaugurations
have la-on on Monday and five on Wednes­
day, and the coming one w ill make five on
Satuiday, no other day in the week having
had more than three.
It is also a curious fact that, though the
gove- unuTit is 104 years old and we have
had twenty-three presidents, there were
hut eight in the first half of
the period to fiftetu in the
second half, and a man who
is today but half as old as
the government has lived in
the administrations of twoof the presidents.
4 $ i t y i s l tliirds
11
Thus
T from 1789 to 1837 the
c ‘v average
«>
of a president’s servMoxnoL. ]ce v,-as six years eight
months and seventeen days and a fraction,
while since the latter year the average has
been but three years and six months, and
this despite the fact that two of the late
presidents were re-elected. Deduct the
eight years of Grant, and the average of tho
others really appears alarmingly short.
The shortest service was thatof W. II. Harckon—one month—aud the longest that of
Grant, who held tlie office eight years and
a day, unless indeed we
adopt the facetious sugges­
tion of the W higs that Jack­
son really governed during
the “nominal administra­
tion of Van Buren.” It is
also worth noting that of
the eight presidents re-elect­
ed Jackson, Lincoln and W j l r
Grant were the only ones
whose second inaugurations J. Q. ADAMS.
were celebrated with much display, though
it is certain that Cleveland’s will soon fur­
nish a fourth case, and a notable one. In
truth, there are many things in the iatter’s
career which m ight justify a little super­
stition in liis case. No other American,
save possibly W ashington and Jackson, has
had such an extraordinary personal tri­
umph.
Tlie selection of March 4 was, as afore­
said, probably a sorb of accident. On the
2d of July, 17S8, the president of the Con­
federation congress, then in session at New
York, notified that body tbat N ew Hamp­
shire bad ratified the constitution on the
91st of June preceding, and as it was the
ninth state to do so that instrument was
now by its own terms to become the ku~
wwne law. After prolonged debate con­
f e s s on the 13tli of September, I7Ss, passed
the following:
I;.;-v,lvc(l, That tho first Wodnc; day of Janu­
ary l'CNt (1789) be tlie day for appointing elect­
ors in the several states w hich before lllG f-llid
day .shrill have ratified the said courtinuion;
licit the f.rst W ednesday in February next bo
the day hit) the (doctors to assemble in their retpvCtiiO states and vote for president, and (liat
die first Wednesday in March next bo tho time
and the pr eeoat seat of congress the place ton
X
commencing proceedings under tho said con­
stitution.
From this it w ill be seen that there was
exactly a month’s tim e between each of the
three very essential acts of appointing elect­
ors—assembling the elect­
ors in their respective states
—and “commencing pro­
ceedings.” A s a matter of
fact, the first Wednesday in
March, 1789, fell on the 4th,
and three years later that
date was fixed upon for all
time. But there is nothing
extant to indicate any spe­
cial reason for it. In truth,
it is at almost the worst season that could
have been selected, and as the matter is en­
tirely within the discretion of congress, and
W ashington was inaugurated the first time
on April 30, the argument for a change to
that date is strong.
Every reader has had enough on the first
inauguration of Washington. Suffice it to
repeat that the day was fine, that Chancel­
lor Robert R. Livingston,
of New York, administered
the oath in the presence of
some 40,000 people, and that
the centennial celebration
of that event in New York
city in 18S9 was a really
wonderful success, on which
VAN BUREN. occasion there were more
people in the city than at any other tim e in
its history. It was positively the only
time, said the oldest inhabitants, when
“the city crowd was com pletely over­
whelmed and lost in the country crowd,”
liis second inauguration, in Philadelphia,
Monday, March 4, 1793, presented an al­
most ludicrous contrast. He took the oath
in the senate chamber in the presence of
bathhouses of congress and made a brief
address, and if anything unusual occurred
the journals of the day failed to mention it.
N or was tho inauguration of John Ad­
ams on Saturday, March 4, 1797, a particu­
larly impressive affair. Thomas Jefferson
to< ik the oath as vice presi­
dent in the senate chamber,
pronounced a high compli­
ment on Mr. Adams, who
had just vacated the chair,
and then led the way to the
chamber of the house,where
the inauguration took place.
Alm ost every witness who
has given any account of it W. II. IIARRISON.
says that all eyes were directed to Wash­
ington, and as Jefferson stood on the other
side, a rather tall and commanding figure,
the new president really seemed overshad­
owed. He spoke at some length, eulogized
W ashington very highly, denied quite em­
phatically that he favored a stronger gov­
ernment than that ordained in the consti
tutionand pronounced the oath after the
chief justico of the United States.
Adams is distinguished in our history for
many things, ahd one is, unfortunately, for
being the first president who refused to par­
ticipate in the inauguration
of his successor. It was in­
deed a very frying occasion
for him. There have been
s o m e healed campaigns
since, but none in which personal animosities played so
great a part as in 18U0. Nowa­
days partisans call each oth­
er “rebels,” “traitors” and
“enemies of American industry,” “thieves”
and “monopolists” or “cranks” and “Adullamites,” but it is chiefly Pickwickian. In
1800 they really believed it. So when Jef­
ferson was elected by the house on tlie
thirty-sixth ballot and after a desperate
struggle a deep groan ran through the Fed­
eralist party, and Adams left Washington
early in. tho morning of March 4, 1801. This
bad example was followed by his son in
1829 and by Johnson in 1SG9.
It is rather singular there should have
been so much dispute about the facts of
Jefferson’s inauguration. It is clearly
proved that he intended to go in the usual
state, with a carriage and six horses, but
the carriage ordered was not completed in
time, Adams refused the courtesy, as afore­
said, and so Jefferson, the attendant mar­
shal and a few others made the little trip
on horseback. His second inauguration hacl
more style about it. On Saturday, March 4,
1809, Madison took the oath in the hall of
the house, and the only fact about it which
excited much comment was that he was
“clad in a suit of elegant black cloth en­
tirely of American manufacture.”
The next four inaugurations were con­
ventional iu the extreme. That of 1821 was
on Monday, March 5, as then, for the first
time, t he regular day fell on
Sunday. John Quincy Ad­
ams revived much of tlie
old and solemn ceremonial, ^
but with him it ended, as
the country had now out­
grown English and colonial
forms.’ And as a great break
followed, this is the proper TAYLOR.
plaeo to give a list of the presidents regu­
larly inaugurated, w ith date of birth, in­
auguration and death, aud to note the in­
terregnums filled by vice presidents:
Geor-jo Washington—Feb. 22, 173.2; April 30,
17M>; March 4,1793; Dec. 14,1TW.
John Adams—Oct. 19,1733; March 4,1797; July
4,1S26.
Thomas Jefferson—April 2, 1743: March 4,
1801; 1803; July 4,1820.
James Madison—March 1G, 1731; March 4,
1800; 1313; June 28,1830.
James Monroe—April 2S, 1738; March 4, 1S17;
March 5,1821; July 4,1831.
John Quincv Adams—July 11, 17G7; March 4,
1823; Feb. 23, 1848.
Andrew Jackson—March 15, 17G7; March 4,
1829; 1333; June 8, 1845.
Martin Van Buren—Dec. 5, 1782; March 4,
18)57; July 24, 1862.
William Henry Harrison—Feb. 9, 1773; March
4,1841; April 4,1841.
John Tyler—Interregnum.
James Knox Polk—Nov. 2,1795; March 4,184-5;
Juno 15,1849.
Zachary Taylor—Sept. 24,17S4; March 5,1819;
July 9,1850.
Millard Fillmore—Interregnum.
Franklin Pierce—Nov. 23,1801; March 4,1833;
Oct. 8, 1SG9.
James Buchanan—April 13,1791; March 4,1857;
June 1, issx.
Abraham Lincoln—Feb. 12,1809; March 4,18G1;
1803; April 15,1865.
Andrew Johnson—Interregnum.
Ulvsses Simpson Grant—April 27,1822, March
4, P 09; 1873; July 23, 1885.
Rutherford Birchard Hayes—Oct. 14, 1822;
March 5,1377; Jan. 17,1893.
James Abram Garfield—Nov. 19, 1031; March
4, 1881; Sept. 19,1881.
Chester Alan A rthur—Interregnum.
Grover Cleveland—March 18, 1837; March 4,
1835, and to bo inaugurated again just eight
years later, the first case of tho kind in our his­
tory.
Benjamin Harrison-Aug. 20, 1S33; March 4,
1889, After March 4 next he will be the only
living cx-jn-esident, as his successor and prede­
cessor now is.
”
The fact th a t three presidents died on In­
dependence Day is indeed extraordinary. As
but twenty-one have died tho chances of
one’s death on th a t day are
not quite as one in eighteen,
of two still fewer, and of
three not one in hundreds.
But tbat two should die on
the same day and a third
but five years later, and the
two signers of tbe Declara­
tion, the elmnces are so re­
mote as to be scarcely calcuifc happened. Vice President
f e ll
Hamlin also died on that day. Nearly all
the presidents have lived to an advanced
age, as it was natural they should be men
of great vitality and temperate lives to at­
tain the honor. John Adams was the old­
est, lacking but a few weeks of ninety-one,
while, om itting Lincoln, killed at fifty-four,
and Garfield, killed within a few weeks of
fifty, the youngest dying was Polk at fiftyfour.
Another curious fact is that, including
the presidents of tbe senate who succeeded
to the functions of the office, there have
been more vice presidents than presidents—
to wit, thirty-four, though Clinton, Tomp­
kins, Calhoun and King each served in two
administrations.
From Adams the father to Adams the
son, as aforesaid, the inaugurations were
mild affairs, but Jackson came in with a
breeze, and tbe occasion was indeed breezy.
He set the example of taking the oath on
and delivering the inaugural from the east
front of the Capitol, and then, making all
reasonable deductions for the partisan spite
of those who described it, the scene which
followed did indeed “beggar description.”
Tlie largest crowd seen in Washington
down to that time was in attendance, and
the mud was, in southwestern phrase, “half
bootleg deep,” on Pennsylvania avenue.
Through that mud the crowd rushed to
the W hite House, where all the doors were
thrown open and punch served out in bai*re ls, buckets, tubs and even,
cySf
so the opposition said, wash
basins. Every room in tbe / - f
j
house was crowded, and men (fa.*
with heavy and muddy boots
sto o d o n th e fin e st c h a irs
a n d so fas to see w h a t w a s
going on in fiont. Lamps
a n d fu r n it u nre were 1 woken, '-'4\
a n d p u n c h s p ille d till th e
h o u se was a w re c k . Soon b y c iia x a x .
a f te r th e re w a s a lev ee a t w h ic h a cheese
w e ig h in g 1,400 p o u n d s (a p re s e n t to J a c k -
I E LAKE DEFENSE. W h y S u f f e r ™om
Annoyin'.;, ItcMBg, 8r;ily, Sore, lebovon.s, LoaiRsomo
0
TWO SHIPS THAT WOULD FIGHT FOB
UNCLE SAM.
H e l sOteiniftms e n t
S K IN
D IS E A S E S ,
v.'lion you can obtain iumu diate relic! by using-
In the Piping Times of Peace They Carry
Freight Cars Across Lake Michigan—Tlie
Canadian Revenue Cutter That Looks
Tliis
famous
and infallible remedy
tlioronaldy
lio ls
Like a Gunboat.
all tliusc
iijsnc.-yiiia
of tbe
rkin, wilbeot
In 1817 a treaty w as m ade betw een the
U nited States and Canaria, the term s of
w hich forbade the entry of w ar vessels
Oil the great lakes. Each government,
however, w as perm itted to float three
revenue cutters on the lakes—one on
Lake O ntario and tw o on the upper
lakes. The arm am ent of these boats
w as not to exceed one 18-pounder gun
each.
N ot long ago the English governm ent
entered w hat to U ncle Sam looks like a
gunboat on the great lakes as a revenue
cutter, and this has caused a great deal
of discussion in the U nited States. It is
only fair to say, however, th a t the Cana­
dian governm ent claims th at this gun­
boat comes w ithin treaty requirem ents,
and th a t the U nited States has no cause
w hatsoever for objecting to its entry as
a revenue cutter.
Uncle Sam, however, has been np and
doing. To offset the entry of this gun­
boat and the fact that Great Britain can
at short notice introduce gunboats on
the upper lakes from the low er St. Law-
tbe aid of internal medicine. It also r< moves RimntcH, F reeltlc't a:nl Snnlm rn from (lie face and
luivls, leaving tlie skin fair and beaiiby.
tfoid by a ll DrugKJSts, s r sen t bj' m ail.
Price 50 CV:Usj per box.
Send, tor tliat valuable bock,
“ Hints for Kitchen and Sick R m j b ,” Free.
JO H N ST O N , H O L L O W A Y & CO.,
531 Commerce Street, I’hiladeqihia.
331vl
D o e s N o t S tu p e fy t lie B r a in .
Up IMYQTFQ CERTiIN
J J I . n U A u l J j U CROUP CDRE
D o e s N o t C o n ta in O p iu m ,
The most feebie adult or tbe most delicate infm t
may rake it for Croui>, Coughs, Colds and Sore
Throat. 59 cents.
■415 tv4
A . P . H O X S IE )
P A R K E R ’S
HsAIR
BALSAM!
Clrsnsi’
and beautiflcfl
the hair, j
Promotes
a luxuriant
grov.’t<?rsy|
h.
Never
Fails
to
Bestore
lECsir to its "Youthful Colcr.
CuresdOc.
scalp
hairfalling.
anddiseases
$1.00at &Druggists
*
Tho C o n s u m p tiv e and F e e ftle ami all wlia
*
exhausting tli«rusr should use P arher*s Grinder
yoiric.
It cures
the woratCouffh, 'W'^ahLunpj, pebiluv, l;<-.ion, Female weakness, Rheumatism ana Pain, a >C. .V£ 1.
HIH
ER CMakes
O R valbinv
H S. Thee
Jicts,sureatenre fur Cu-as.
St..
:.ijuN^!1Dxiaiii.
easy.only
2
415 W 4
sonj was cut up and served. The struggle
fo r p ieces re s u lte d
liq u o r w a s s p ille d
the* c a rp e t, w h ile
k e rc h ie fs to th e ir
mats lo o k e d o n in
Ettttliflh XSlftMenit ItranA
PILL8
in a s m a s h of fu rn itu re ;
a n d ch eese tro d d e n in to
la d ie s h e ld d a in ty h a n d ­
n o ses a n d fo re ig n d ip lo ­
u n d is g u is e d h o rro r.
Daniel Webster said the place looked like
a republican palace taken by siege and
sacked by the victorious enemy, but Ben­
ton, Felix Grundy and men
of that class thought it just
as well to “let the boys have
their way once in four
years.” It was the last scene
of the sort, though Jack­
son’s second inauguration
also attracted a Iarge crowd.
The next inauguration—of
Van Buren in 1537—was a
comparatively tame affair, but in 1841 the
W higs honored Harrison with a grand ral­
ly. Thence to Lincoln each inauguration
was much like its predecessor, and none
presented features of unusual interest. The
crowds, however, continued to increase,
and the procession which followed Buchan­
an reached nearly from the Capitol to the
W hite House.
This was the end of the old regime. Lit­
tle as the great men of the day suspected
it, the old republic was, practically, soon to
pass away, and be replaced
by one of vastly inmased
and centralized powers. In
all the great speeches and
state papers down to 1801
one llinls the federal union
referred to indifferently as
the Union or the confeder­
acy. Thus President Pierce
in his inaug ral said, “The
security and repose of this
confederacy forbid interference or coloniza­
tion by any foreign power.” And Presi­
dent Buchanan in his said, “Let every
American reflect upon the terrific evils
which would result from disunion to every
portion of the confederacy.” W hat a storm
such use of that word would now raise!
The impending change was indicated on
March 4, 1801, by the first military display
of real consequence at an inauguration.
There were sharpshooters
on the housetops along the
avenue as Mr. Buchanan
•and Mr. Lincoln rode slowly
to the Capitol; there were
squads ■
of cavalry to guard
the street crossings, and
squads of infantry along
the route; there were trusty
HAYES.
riflemen at the upper win­
dows of the Capitol and artillery to the
right of the east front, commanding the
crowd to which the new president spoke.
It was a sad presage. General Scott was
savagely criticised for these arrangements,
but subsequent events justified him.
Since that date the military has formed
an important part of every inauguration,
and at Grant’s second induction, March 4,
1873, the display was such as
to excite the admiration of
foreigners accustomed to the
finest exhibits of London,
Paris and Berlin. But it was
fatal to some of the partici­
pants and to many specta­
tors. The day has a had pre­
eminence as the m ost inclem­
ent of any inauguration day GARFIELD.
in our history. From dawn till dark a
northwest wind so keen and cold that it
seemed to chill even the bones blew with­
out an instant’s cessation. Scores of sol­
diers and sailors who had to stand long in
place were prostrated in consequence, while
spectators suffered so much that the aver­
age m ortality of the city for a short time
after is said t o have been notably increased.
Far otherwise was it at the inauguration
of Cleveland, on which occasion by far the
greatest crowd ever seen there was assem­
bled in Washington. Cor­
respondents celebrated the
occasion in many hundred
columns. Citizens of Wash­
ington still tell with glee
how the visitors sat the
night through on chairs, on
benches in the parks and on
the steps of public build­
CLEVELAND. ings, as the weather was
fine and all the hotels overcrowded, and rail­
road managers tell with pardonable pride
how they got the hundreds of thousands to
their homes ill fairly good season. But all
those and other incidents of recent inau­
gurations are still fresh in the public mind.
In conclusion, a few comparisons are jus­
tifiable. W e have had twenty-three presi­
dents in 104 years, while Rome had, dis­
carding minor contestants,
s ix ty -fo u r e m p e ro rs in 50!
B u f f a lo , N . Y .
Original
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UNITED STATES LAKE DEFENDER.
411 fr w4
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304mlG
[Cut copyrighted by Once a Week.]
rence and the gulf, w here a num ber are
constantly in commission, and where
they m ay be sent from England a t any
time, the U nited States has p u t tw o
“lake defenders”—A nn A rbor No. 1 and
A nn A rbor No. 2—into service. The
Canadians do not like bhis, and they cry
out quite as loudly against these tw o
boats as the U nited States previously
cried out against the B ritish gunboat.
The new vessels have a peaceful mis­
sion to perform , however, during peace­
ful tim es. They are to be used to carry
freight ears across Lake M ichigan for the
Toledo, A nn A rbor and North Michigan
railroad from Frankfort, Mich., to Ke­
waunee, W is., but they m ay be converted
into w arships in tw o hours’ time.
The “ defenders” m easure 267 feet in
length and 52 feet beam. Each draw s
norm ally 12 feet of w ater, w ith a dis­
placem ent of 2,050 tons. Each ship has
three screws, placed one on each quarter
and one in the bow. The low er tips of
the propeller blades are flush w ith the
keel, and this renders it impossible for
the propeller to touch ground below the
keel. The three separate engines of the
horizontal compound type w ith which
each vessel is furnished are all placed be­
low the w ater line.
The forw ard screw is designed ex­
pressly for crushing ice, and the hulls of
S k in .
the ships are shaped -with especial refer­
ence to rising above and breaking down
S u lp h u r'B itte rs
the ice in order to enable the w ork of
the boats to continue during the w inter.
The hull construction is of oak up to
W ill g iv e y o u
two feet above the w ater line. A t the
w ater line a belt of iron extends all
J ! lo v e ly
around the vessel, having a uniform
w idth of six feet. In the how, extend­
ing a ft to the distance of 15 feet, is a
© o m p S e /J o s i.
massive backing of oak. There is extra
oak backing under all the beams along
the w ater line, and a steel cord running
Send 3 2-cent stamps to A. P. Orchvay & Co.,
entirely around the vessel, “nipping” to­ Boston,
Mass., for best medical workpublished
gether the oak backing, adds strength
334yl
longitudinally.
The battery of these tw o ships m ay be
m ade up of as heavy ordnance rifles as
m ay be desired by the navy departm ent,
owing to the decks being very m uch
stronger than those of the m ajority of
lake vessels. In the opinion of the naval
boards, rendered after careful inspection,
13 G-inch high power ordnance rifles,
Baled Hay and Straw,
or 4 50-ton breechloading guns, m ay he
m ounted on either of these vessels. If Golden Meal, Hominy, Psarl
the 6-inch rifles w ere used, one would
he placed on each how and quarter and
Meal, Oat Flakes,
8 amidships. If 50-ton guns are used,
they Will he placed in turrets.
In case there is ever occasion for the
use of these vessels in a w arlike m anner
th at plan w ill be decided upon which
w ill adm it of the quickest and m ost effi­
cient conversion. It is proposed to build
three m ore ships of the same type, m ak­
ing five in all. Owing to the rem arka­
ble m aneuvering powers which these
vessels w ill possess because of the three
screws and their heavy arm am ent, it
w ill be next to impossible for any ordi­
nary gunboat to successfully oppose
them . As ram m ers they w ill be well
nigh invincible, especially when pitted
against any one of the unw ieldy propel­ A l l K i n d s o f G r a i n
ler type of vessel w hich the B ritish gov­
Taken in exchange for goods.
ernm ent proposes to convert into w ar­
ships.
The new “defenders-' w ould be able to
ru n entirely around one of these big ves­
sels, w hich w ould also labor under an-
©autifyl
F lo u r au d Feed.
Graham, Rye Flour, Bone and Shell
for Hens,
Dr. Daniels’ Celebrated Colic
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Gas! PaMrGrai&Eggs
R. G. L E W IS
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d259
yl
SW 404
vl
five
sovereigns
years. &M u;AP
v,iinf.i/1 wn+n illin
in826TYTovion
^
Of presidents
Mexico,
H ayti and houth America,
PERRY’S cuB L ^Foii HEADACHE
it would be idle to m ake an
estim ate. Yet tw o of our b . harrison .
S ic k , l^ e r v o u s o r N e u r a lg ic ,
presidents have been assassinated, and an­
BRITISH GUNBOAT,
other, Jackson, only escaped th a t fate by other and THE
serious disadvantage owing to
an accident which apparently w ould not
P e rfe c tly s H a rm le s s !
happen one tim e in a thousand. Another the fact that their decks are not strong
escaped impeachment by but one vote. On enough for the m ounting of anything in
tho whole, though we may justly claim an the artillery line except light rapid fir© Does not contain opiates, narcotics,
im p ro v e m e n t o v e r th e d a r k p a s t, y e t th e re guns of sm all caliber. It was J. M. mides, antipyretics. For sale at BE!
is n o th in g to m a k e u s b o a st. Our govern­ Ashley, Jr., who originated tho idea of Ss MAYBIJKY'sS. Sam ples sent fre
ment is by no means exempt from the evils making these ships readily convertible application to P erry M fg. O t., P.O .
w h ic h afflict o th e r n a tio n s .
U55, Y onkers, N. Y. d ! 6 8 y l w 3 7
I. D. M a r s h a ll
J. H. B eadle . into w ar vessels.