Sommer-reeksamen 2011
Titel på kursus:
Reproduktionsorganernes endokrinologi, pensum 2007-8
Uddannelse:
Bachelor
Semester:
4. semester
Eksamensdato:
19.08.2011
Tid:
kl. 09.00 - 11.00
Bedømmelsesform
bestået/ikke bestået
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Ingen former for kommunikation er tilladt
1
1
Topic: Clinical case
Martin and Mary Taylor have been seeing you for some time as they have been trying
unsuccessfully to start a family. Martin has a normal semen analysis. Mary’s menstrual
history is unremarkable. Her serum progesterone in a blood sample taken 7 days prior
to her period was raised, indicating ovulation. Mary had an ultrasound
hysterosalpingogram, which showed normal ovaries but blocked fallopian tubes.
Lead in: Based on the clinical case above answer the following 5 questions.
1.1
Describe histology of ovary in reproductive age. Account for all possible
structures that may be temporary during the sexual cycle. You may also
use a drawing and label the structures.
Cortex covered by germinal epithelium
Follicles primordial
Follicles primary/growing
Follicles antral/preovulatory
Corpus albicans/luteum
Medulla with vessels
Max points : 6
1.2
Opnåede points
Account for oogenesis. For each step state the number of chromosomes
as well as the DNA status.
2
Primordial germ cell – 46, 2N
Oogonium – 46, 2N
Primary oocyte - 46, 4N
Secundary oocyte - 23, 2N
Max points : 4
1.3
Opnåede points
Describe histology of uterine tube.
Mucosa – columnar epithelium - cells with cilia and secretory cells on basement
membrane
- lamina propria
Muscularis
Serosa
Max points : 4
1.4
Opnåede points
Under normal circumstances, which processes ensure that the eggs are
transported through the fallopian tubes?
3
Peristalsis
Movement of cilia
Max points : 2
2
Opnåede points
Describe male sex ducts starting from tubuli seminiferi.
Tubuli recti
Rete testi
Ductuli efferentes
Epidydimis
Ductus deferens
Ductus ejaculatorius
Max points : 6
Opnåede points
3 Cholesterol desmolase is in the gonads activated by:
A GnRH
B FSH
C LH
D TSH
E GH
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
4 Primordial follicle consists of:
A Primary oocyte
B Primary oocyte and follicular cells
C Primary oocyte and granulosa cell
D Primary oocyte and theca cell
E Primary oocyte and corona radiata
Max points : 1
5
C
B
Opnåede points
Antral follicle consists of:
4
A Primary oocyte and granular cells
B Primary oocyte and follicular cells
C Primary oocyte and granulosa cell
D Primary oocyte and theca cell
E None of the above
Max points : 1
E
Opnåede points
6 Which statement is false regarding secondary oocyte
A Is formed in preovulatory follicle
B Its chromosomal and DNA status is 23, 2N
C Has a life span of 24 hrs
D After ovulation is covered by zona pellucida
E After ovulation is covered by theca cells
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
7 Which of the following statements is false regarding fertilization
A Triggers second meiotic division
B Results in mature oocyte (23, N)
C Metabolically activates the zygote
D Induces the cleavage of zygote
E Produces zygote (46, 2N)
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
Which of the following statements regarding epoophoron is
correct?
A Is a vestige of paramesonephric system
B Is a vestige of mesonephric system
C Can be found in mesosalpinx
D Can be found adjacent to vagina
E Can be found in prostate
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
E
B
8
Which of the following statements regarding the Wolfian system
are not correct?
A May regress leaving paraophoron
B May regress leaving epoophoron
C May regress leaving utriculus prostaticus
D May regress leaving Gartner´s cysts
E May regress leaving Bartholin´s cysts
Max points : 2
Opnåede points
B
9
5
C
E
10
Topic: Pelvis anatomy
Lead in: Identify the appropriate label in the image above to accompany the
following statements.
10.1
Tuberositas iliaca
1
10.2
Tuberculum pubicum
12
10.3
Spina iliaca anterior inferior
14
10.4
Spina iliaca posterior superior
5
Max point: 4
Opnåede point
6
11
Topic: Reproductive anatomy
Options:
A.
Glandulae vestibulares minores (Skene´s)
B.
Glandulae bulbourethrales
C.
Musculus obturatorius internus
D.
Corpus perineale
E.
Membrana perinei
F.
Excavatio pubovesicalis
G.
Excavatio rectosacralis
H.
Excavatio rectouterina
I.
Excavatio rectovesicalis
J.
Excavatio uterovesicalis
K.
Musculi perinei superficiales (Superficial perinei muscles)
L.
Glandulae vestibulares majores (Bartholin’s)
Lead in:
For each of the statements below identify the most appropriate
item/items from the above list.
11.1
Is predilection site for ectopic pregnancy
H
11.2
Are prone to forming a cyst and abscess
L
11.3
Is affected by midline episiotomy
D
Max point 3
12
Opnåede point
Give the the basic mechanism of action of tranexamic acid.
Antifibrinolytic
Max points : 1
13
Opnåede points
What is the role of epidydimis.
Cauda is a reservoir for sperm.
Is the site of sperm maturation.
Max points : 2
Opnåede points
7
14
Describe anatomy and histology of epidydimis.
Caput, corpus, cauda
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia on basement membrane
Smooth muscle/connective tissue
Max points : 3
15
Opnåede points
Describe composition of ejaculate and characterize the contributing
secretions.
1. Testicular fluid
2. Secretion from prostate – alkalizing, ~30%
3. Secretion from seminal vesicles – fructose, ~70%
4. Secretion from bulbourethral glands - mucus
Max points : 4
Opnåede points
16 The prostatic secretions constitute what fraction of the ejaculate?
A 15%
B 30%
C 45%
D 60%
E 75%
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
8
B
17 The effect of LH in the ovaries is to activate:
A Cholesterol desmolase
B 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
C 17, 20-lyase
D 17a-hydroxylase
E Aromatase
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
18
A
Fill in the missing intermediates in the following metabolic pathways:
1. Pregnenolone->Progesterone-> 17-hydroxyprogesterone ->Androstendione
2. Dehydroepiandrosterone-> Androstendione ->Testosterone->Estradiol
Max points : 2
19
Opnåede points
Draw a scheme with identified structures of an embryo in the stage of
preimplantation blastocyst (days 4-5).
Trophoblast
Embryoblast
Blastocyst cavity
Max points : 3
Opnåede points
9
20
Topic: Hormones involved in sexual development and function
Options:
A.
FSH
B.
LH
C.
Testosterone
D.
Dihydrotestosterone
E.
Androgen-binding protein
F.
Müllerian inhibiting factor
G.
Inhibin
H.
GnRH
Lead in:
For each of the statements below identify the most appropriate item
from the above list.
20.1
Hormone that is produced in male target tissues
D
20.2
Substance that increases the effect of hormones on spermatogenesis
E
20.3
Hormone that is produced in pulsatile fashion
H
Max point 3
Opnåede point
21
The surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) during the menstrual cycle
occurs as a result of which of the following?
A Negative feedback of estrogens
B Positive feedback of progesterone
C Positive feedback of estrogens
D Co-stimulation with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
E Negative feedback of progesterone
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
Which of the following is the major source of progesterone in the
female?
A Granulosa cells
B Theca externa cells
C Corpus albicans
D Corpus luteum
E Corpus atreticum
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
C
22
10
D
23 Estrogen in not associated with which two of the following?
A Proliferation of endometrium
B Endometrial secretory phase
C Release of luteinizing hormone
D Physiology of bone
E Cervical cancer
F Secondary sexual characteristics
Max points : 2
Opnåede points
For androgen insensitivity syndrome in males with full female
habitus, which of the following features is characteristic?
A Fully descended testes
B Lack of testosterone production
C The presence of uterus
D Enlarged penis
E Regression of Müllerian duct
Max points : 1
Opnåede points
B
E
24
Total: 62 points
11
E