Year 4 Early Modern Times === Unit 5 – European Conflicts Ch. 3, 9, & 12
Segment – European Conflicts 1603 – 1625 A.D._____________________
Themes – A list of important topics or big ideas to draw out during this segment (Logic)
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Charles V of Spain, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles I of England
Charles II of England
Ferdinand II of Germany
Gustavus II of Sweden
Christian IV of Denmark
James I of England and Scotland
Guy Fawkes
Jamestown
Colonists
Thirty Years’ War
English Civil War
Great Fire of London
Oliver Cromwell
Geography - England
Hooks – Important information to teach that illustrates the themes (Grammar)
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James was known as James the VI of Scotland and James I of England. When James
arrived in England, a terrible sickness called the Black Death was spreading through
London. During his reign, James would make enemies of Catholics, Protestants, and
Parliament. He made the Catholics angry because he made them pay fines for not going
to Anglican Church services. Due to these fines two Catholics, Robert Catesby and Guy
Fawkes tried to blow up the Parliament building. Even though he made many angry,
King James is most famous for the “King James Version” of the Bible.
Jamestown started as a colony of wealthy Englishmen who were given permission by
King James to look for gold in North America. Half of the first colonists in Jamestown
died during their first year. Powhatan was a Great Indian chief who lived near
Jamestown. Powhatan and the colonists made peace with one another. The Jamestown
colony grew stronger and stronger.
Thirty Years’ War actually lasted 41 years. It began with Charles V, the Holy Roman
Emperor. It was a war between Protestants and Catholics. In Germany thousands of
people died of starvation due to the war. Soldiers also robbed and destroyed many of
the homes and villages, in Germany. The countries of Europe finally agreed to sign the
Peace of Westphalia, which finally ended the war.
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Charles V was the Holy Roman Emperor who divided his empire between his brother
and son.
Ferdinand II of Germany wanted to be the Holy Roman Emperor. To get the title Holy
Roman Emperor, Ferdinand convinced his allies in Austria and Spain to help him defeat
the Protestant rebels. He also passed laws to try to get rid of protestant worship. The
Protestants fought back and were winning. But Ferdinand was not ready to give up. He
ordered his general Albert Wallenstein assassinated and reorganized his army with
another general.
Christian IV was the Protestant king of Denmark. His army fought against the army of
Albert Wallenstein and were crushed by his men.
Gustavus II was the Swedish king who forced Ferdinand’s army to leave Denmark. He
was killed in battle.
Charles I believed that God had placed him on his throne and that people should obey
him without questions. Charles marched 500 soldiers into Parliament to arrest the five
Puritans who were his enemies. They had been warned ahead of time and were gone
when they got there. Because of this, the people turned against him and the English Civil
War began. When the Roundheads won, Charles was beheaded for treason. Many of the
people wanted to reform the courts, now that they no longer had a king.
Oliver Cromwell was the leader of the Roundheads, supporters of Parliament. Cromwell
was never a king, but he often acted like a king. The people did not like Cromwell
because he ordered his soldiers to destroy the royal regalia used to crown kings. He also
allowed them to wreck churches that seemed too “Catholic.” He outlawed card playing
and closed all of the theaters in England.
Charles II was the son of Charles I. He had fled from England and was living in France.
The English wanted a king again and begged Charles II to return to England. The years of
Charles II’s reign are known as the Restoration.
The Great Fire of London was started by a piece of coal that fell out of a baker’s oven.
Four-fifths of London had been burned.
Assignments – Available assignments used to measure the above
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Unit 5 European Conflict Test
Map Study – England
Resources – Additional materials to help teach the above
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SOTW Volume 3: Chapters 3, 9, & 12
SOTW Volume 3 Activity Book
Easy Cheesy Poems
Powerpoints
Books available in the library
other