Daily English Vocab
PDF 7th Nov. 2016
Tamil Nadu must not let Jayalalithaa down
The leadership of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) and the civil administration
of Tamil Nadu have the responsibility to maintain order, if not tranquility (श ांति), in the state, in the
wake of developments on the health front of the state’s chief minister Jayaraman Jayalalithaa. Popular,
many leaders around the country are, but the fervor (जोश/उत्स ह) with which her followers adore (अिीव
सम्म न/बहुि आदर करन /बहुि प्य र करन ) Jayalalithaa is unique. Emotionally charged people respond to
emotion and authority, not to reason.
The people will express their concern and anxiety as they like and as they have the freedom to. It is up to
the authorities —the political leadership that holds the fort in the absence of the chief minister, and the
state’ administrative machinery — to ensure that things remain peaceful. There is nothing else that
Puratchi Thalaivi (revolutionary (पररवितनव दी/क् ांतिक री) leader), as Jayalalithaa is called, would have
wished for, had she been in a position to supervise (सांच लन करन ) things. Tamil Nadu is one of India’s
most economically advanced states. Tamil Nadu, under the administration of the AIADMK and its older
rival (प्रतिद्वां द्वी/ववरोधी) Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), has seen social and economic progress unseen
in most Indian states.
After Maharashtra, it is India’s wealthiest state in terms of gross state domestic product. The average
Tamil is the eighth richest person in the country, after Maharashtrians and people of small states like Goa,
Delhi, Pondicherry, Sikkim, Chandigarh and so on. It was one of the pioneering (अग्रणी/पथप्रदशतक) states
to use social policy to break the mould of traditional caste hierarchy (पदक्म/अनुक्म) and lay the ground
for large-scale social mobility, with reasonably good education and healthcare that is both widely available
and affordable. Now, the state’s leadership must allow its citizens to give vent (ब हर तनकलने दे न /अतिव्यक्त
करन
(स्विन्त्रि
से)) to their feelings with dignity (गररम /गौरव/प्रतिष्ठ ) and security. That is what
Jayalalithaa would wish for.
Courtesy: The Economic Times.
1. Tranquility (noun): state of being tranquil; calm. (श ांति)
 Synonyms: peacefulness, serenity, stillness, composure, quietness, placidity.
 Antonyms: agitation, chaos, disturbance, noise, turbulence, disorder.
Example: The yoga instructor will show us the best way to reach a tranquil state.
Verb forms: Tranquilize, Tranquilized, Tranquilized.
Related words:
Tranquilize (verb) - शाांत करना
Tranquil (adjective) - शाांत
2. Fervor (noun): intense and passionate feeling. (जोश/उत्स ह)
 Synonyms: Ardor, Enthusiasm, Zeal, Prompting, Euphoria, Rapture, Passion.
 Antonyms: Apathy, Lethargy, Unimportance, Disinterest, Dullness, Dispassionate.
Example: The woman’s spiritual fervor led her to leave her husband and become a nun.
Related words:
Fervency (noun) - जोश
Fervent (adjective) - उत्साही
Fervently (adverb) - उत्साह से
3. Adore (verb): love and respect (someone) deeply. (अिीव सम्म न/बहुि आदर करन /बहुि प्य र करन )
 Synonyms: Admire, Cherish, Revere, Honor, Venerate, Love.
 Antonyms: Despise, Dislike, Hate, Castigate, Condemn, Criticize, Disrespect, Humiliate.
Example: My daughter just adores her new baby brother.
Verb forms: Adore, Adored, Adored.
Related words:
Adorable (adjective) - आराध्य/प्यारा
Adoration (noun) - अतत प्रेम
4. Revolutionary (adjective): constituting or bringing about a major or fundamental change.
(पररवितनव दी/क् ांतिक री)
 Synonyms: Radical, Subversive, Insurgent, Rebel.
 Antonyms: Obedient, Follower.
Example: Government representatives are meeting with the leaders of the revolutionary movement to
discuss terms for a ceasefire.
Verb forms: revolutionize, revolutionized, revolutionized.
Related words:
Revolutionize (verb) - पररवततन लाना
Revolution (noun) – क्ाांतत
5. Supervise (verb): observe and direct the execution of (a task or activity). (सांच लन करन )

Synonyms: Superintend, Oversee, Direct, Administer, Manage, Run, Govern, Operate, Conduct,
Organize.
 Antonyms: Mismanage, Neglect, Follow, Serve.
Example: The United Nations is supervising the withdrawal of troops from the area.
Verb forms: Supervise, Supervised, Supervised.
Related words:
Supervision (noun) - दे खरे ख/ ज़िम्मेदारी
6. Rival (noun): a person or thing competing with another for the same objective or for superiority in
the same field of activity. (प्रतिद्वां द्वी/ववरोधी)
 Synonyms: Competitor, Opponent, Contestant, Contender, Challenger.
 Antonyms: Assisting, Associate, Supporting.
Example: Since our football team is playing our school rival during the championship game, we are sure
to have a spirited match.
Related words:
Rivalry (noun) - प्रततद्वां द्वद्वता
7. Pioneer (verb): develop or be the first to use or apply (a new method, area of knowledge, or activity).
(अग्रणी होन )
 Synonyms: Head, Inaugural, Initial, Lead, Original, Primary, Prime.
 Antonyms: Secondary, Following, Last, Later.
Example: The eco-friendly hotel chain was recently recognized for being a pioneer in green practices.
Verb forms: Pioneer, Pioneered, Pioneered.
Related words:
Pioneer (noun) - अग्रगामी/पथ प्रदशतक
8. Hierarchy (noun): a system in which members of an organization or society are ranked according to
relative status or authority. (पदक्म/अनुक्म)
 Synonyms: Pecking order, Ranking, Grading, Ladder, Social stratum, System.
 Antonyms: Chaos, Disarrangement.
Example: Under the military hierarchy, a private must always follow a sergeant’s commands.
Related words:
Hierarchical (adjective) – श्रेणीबद्ध
9. Vent (verb): the release or expression of a strong emotion, energy, etc. (ब हर तनकलने दे न /अतिव्यक्त
करन (स्विन्त्रि से))
 Synonyms: Release, Let Out, Express, Utter, Discharge, Bring into the open.
 Antonyms: Closing, Closure, Cessation, Stanch.
Example: As he was fired due to his sluggishness towards his work, he vented his frustrations by kicking
the car.
Verb forms: Vent, Vented, Vented.
Related words:
Ventilation (noun) - खुलाव/प्रकाशन
10. Dignity (noun): the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect. (गररम /गौरव/प्रतिष्ठ )
 Synonyms: honor, grace, grandeur, prestige, respect, virtue, glory.
 Antonyms: dishonor, immorality, indecency, insignificance, unimportance.
Example: The losing basketball team showed a great deal of dignity when they cheered as their
opponents accepted the trophy.
Verb forms: dignify, dignified, dignified.
Related words:
Dignitary (adjective) - उच्च पदातिकारी
Dignify (verb) - सम्मान करना
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