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The “Storm Clouds Gather” (1851-1860)
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Notes # 11 [Chaps. 13, 14}
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Introduction
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I. Slavery and the Old South
A. Why did slavery survive in the South after the American Revolution?
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin (1793)
Rise of the Cotton Kingdom
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“King Cotton”
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Demand in Great Britain
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Slaves could clear and cultivate land quickly
“Caste” System- “inherited advantages or disadvantages associated with racial ancestry.”
th
Source-Divine, et al., America Past and Present, 7 edition pp.. 312, and 317
Nat Turner’s Rebellion (1831)
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Cassius M. Clay
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The “pro-slavery argument”
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II. Increased Antislavery Opinion in the North
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Harriet Beecher Stowe- Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852)
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Reaction to the Tougher Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
The “Underground Railroad”
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Harriet Tubman: Chief “Conductor”
III. The Issue of Slavery Expansion to the West
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Stephen Douglas (D-Illinois)
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Transcontinental Railroad”
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
“Popular Sovereignty”
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)•
Effects on the Whig Party:
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Northern Whigs (Anti-Slavery) left the Party
Formation of the Republican Party (1854)
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“Bleeding Kansas”
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The Caning of Charles Sumner by Preston Brooks (1856)
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Recap of 1852
Election of 1856
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IV. The “Worsening Crisis”
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The Presidency of James Buchanan –1857-1861
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Dred Scott v Sanford (1857)
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Lincoln-Douglas debates (1858)
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John Brown (1859)
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John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, VA (1859)
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The Presidential Election of 1860
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Abraham Lincoln (R)
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Secession!
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South Carolina leaves the Union (12/60)
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6 Other Southern states follow (Jan-Feb, 1861)
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Why did Secession occur?
1. Lincoln was viewed as “hostile to slavery.”
2. Lincoln could send “other John Brown’s” into the South to start slave revolts
3. Lincoln could appoint Republican officeholders in the South-who could persuade nonslaveholders to oppose slavery