Community Futures British Columbia
Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Aboriginal Strategic Committee
March 2008
First printing March 2007
This Guide, or portions of this guide, may be reproduced for use; however, we
ask that credit be given to Community Futures British Columbia. The
information in this guide is considered to be part of the public domain. It is not
intended to be used for profit. The material in this Guide remains the
intellectual property of Community Futures British Columbia. Community
Futures British Columbia offers this guide without any warranty of any kind,
either express or implied. Nor does Community Futures British Columbia
assume any liability for any damages arising from the use of, or inability to use,
the product
Prepared for the Aboriginal Strategy Committee
Community Futures British Columbia
Suite 1056 - 409 Granville Street,
Vancouver BC, V6C 1T2
Phone: (604) 685-2332
Fax: (604) 681-6575
E-mail: [email protected]
Web site: www.communityfutures.ca
Support provided by Western Economic Diversification
The term Aboriginal as used throughout this document is intended to
include all persons of Aboriginal ancestry; status Indian (First Nation),
non-status Indian, Métis and Inuit.
Contents
Acknowledgements
4
Executive Summary
5
Chapter 1: Guidelines To Engage With Aboriginal Peoples In BC
9
~
Aboriginal Business Etiquette Guidelines
9
~
Engaging a Community
19
~
Building Capacity with Aboriginal Small Business Training
23
~
Central Interior First Nations Recommendations for Training Programs
25
~
Guidelines for Engaging and Providing Services to Aboriginal Peoples
27
Chapter 2: Community Futures of BC Best Practices
33
Chapter 3: Opportunities
47
~ Partnership Opportunities to Enhance Aboriginal Engagement
47
~ Funding Opportunities to Enhance Client Services
51
Chapter 4: Aboriginal Peoples of BC
56
~ Definitions of Aboriginal Peoples in BC
56
~ Aboriginal Demographics in BC
58
Chapter 5: Historic Framework
60
~ Historic Legislative Framework
60
~ Aboriginal Entrepreneurship in BC Then and Now
63
Chapter 6: Aboriginal Services
65
~ Research Guidelines for First Nations
65
~ Aboriginal Business Development Organizations
66
~ Aboriginal Matrix
69
Chapter 7: Templates
104
~ Letter of Introduction
104
~ Band Council Resolution
106
Chapter 8: Terminology
108
Chapter 9: Community Futures British Columbia ASC Purpose, Goals and
Objectives
113
Chapter 10: Bibliography
115
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge the leadership of the Community
Futures British Columbia Aboriginal Strategy Committee
(ASC) who have dedicated their time and efforts to advance
this important issue in the interests of community economic
development in BC. The members of the ASC are:
~
Roger Leclerc, CFDC of 16/37
~
Larry Casper, CFDC of Central Interior First Nations
~
Art Lew, Haida Gwaii Community Futures
~
Joanna Winter, FutureCorp Cowichan
~
Maynard Angus, CFDC of the Pacific Northwest
~
Paula Cranmer-Underhill, CFDC of Sto:lo
~
Ray Gerow, Aboriginal Business Development Centre, Prince George
~
Geri Collins, CFDC of Central Interior First Nations
~
Linda Howe, Western Economic Diversification
~
Marie Gallant, Community Futures British Columbia
We also recognize the vital role the Community Futures British Columbia has played in
supporting the work of the Aboriginal Strategy Committee (ASC) and the unwavering
support of Western Economic Diversification that has made this important work
possible.
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
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Executive Summary
The Community Futures Toolkit was developed with the
objective of supporting relationship and partnership
development between Community Futures, which supports
local and regional economic development, and Aboriginal
Peoples in BC.
This toolkit provides information requested by Community
Futures Managers, to assist them in better understanding the
history and current environment impacting BC’s Aboriginal
peoples and to provide guidelines, proven effective by their
peers, for relationship building. The toolkit also includes
community economic development project best practices, which
have been undertaken by Community Futures in partnership
with Aboriginal peoples.
It was developed with the knowledge and wisdom of Aboriginal
Peoples, and the practitioners who serve them. The goal is to
create a greater understanding that will support relationship
development and lead into working partnerships that will
improve the economy of BC for ourselves and our children.
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Methodology:
The Aboriginal Small Business Toolkit was developed under the
direction of the ASC by conducting a comprehensive literature
review and stakeholder survey to determine current lending
practices /tools /criteria, best practices, traps to avoid and
opportunities for further engagement. The survey included
Aboriginal organizations as well as Community Futures
Managers and Aboriginal People working within the
Community Futures network.
Key findings from the survey include; a lack of awareness of the
Community Futures Program in Aboriginal communities, a
welcoming interest about Community Futures and guidance on
protocol to start working in Aboriginal communities. Findings
also demonstrate significant potential for Community Futures
working with Aboriginal Peoples to increase small business
growth, contribute to local community economic development
and help to create economic certainty that will benefit all British
Columbians.
The rationale to develop this Toolkit is as follows:
• Fulfillment of the Community Futures mandate: to serve all
individuals and communities in their respective regions
including First Nations.
• Resources: First Nations have some increased opportunities
with, and access to, natural resources that may potentially build
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
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capacity and impact economies in BC. (Logging, fishing, value
added opportunities.)
• Labour Force: to help address the growing BC labour shortage
through development of the growing Aboriginal labour market.
• Youth: demographics show that First Nations youth are a
growing population. Many are interested in starting and
developing busineses and in partnering or joint venturing with
other sectors of the population. Community Futures can
develop programs and training to target this demographic
group.
• Tourism/Ecotourism: a large and growing industry; cultural
experiences are in great demand.
• Leverage: First Nations may be able to leverage loans (not
available to non-First Nations) through specific government
programs that will support project viability, support selfsufficiency and reduce the disparity between Aboriginal and
non-Aboriginal people.
The most significant difference between those Community
Futures that are and those that are not successful at engaging
with Aboriginal peoples is often their intent and approach.
Successful Aboriginal engagement is rooted in an
understanding of the value of relationship building with
Aboriginal peoples and their role in the economy. There is no
special lending criteria, no magic bullet, document or single
tool, from which flows limitless opportunities for partnership
with Aboriginal Communities, such as; businesses,
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partnerships, community economic development and thriving
local economies. Success lies where there is a deep heart-felt
understanding and appreciation of cultural diversity, where our
differences make us stronger, and client-centered service
delivery meets the needs of the individual client, or community.
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Purposeful,
intent and
active listening
is the most
important skill
to develop for
anyone who
wants to work
with Aboriginal
peoples.
CHAPTER 1: GUIDELINES TO ENGAGE
- Roger Leclerc,
Manager
CF 16/37
has an impact on how business is conducted today.
WITH ABORIGINAL PEOPLES IN BC
Aboriginal Business Etiquette Guidelines
For the Aboriginal peoples of BC the rules of business etiquette
are rooted in ten thousand years of culture and trade that still
Understanding the origins of Aboriginal business etiquette is
critical for Community Futures. The following guidelines were
derived from a variety of Aboriginal organizations, agencies,
First Nations as well as Community Futures from across BC.
Cultural Variables. One of the most difficult concepts for
many Canadians to understand is that when they are dealing
with Aboriginal Peoples there are definite cultural differences,
which will impact on all discussion, decisions and activities.
Most indigenous People around the world originate from
'traditional cultures'. Our Canadian Aboriginal cultures offers
an example of traditional cultures. It is essential to understand
the phenomenon of culture itself if we wish to do business
across cultures. That is what Community Futures is doing when
we work with Aboriginal Peoples.
It is very important to realize that, regardless of background and
history, human beings of all cultures share basic values; love of
and for family and friends and the need to nurture and protect
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one another. Recognizing that we all share these common
values makes it possible for us to realize that we are capable of
understanding one another if we are willing to take the time and
make the effort to do so.
Culture is the whole of our everyday life and it is the total of the
way we act and react within our environment, whether we are at
work, home or play. We are all taught from birth and what we
see, feel and do is impacted, by the teachings of our culture and
comprised of values and behaviours. Often the biggest obstacle
encountered when trying to work with Aboriginal People are
differences in values. Behaviours, of course, are visible, but only
make up approxametly 10% of the total cultural equation;
values, which are often invisible, comprise the other 90%.
Contemporary Canadian Culture generally places higher values
on their homes, savings, freedoms, task completion, time and
deadlines. Traditional Culture may place equally high value on
patience, harmony, cooperation and consensus. It is difficult to
understand conflicting values because the 90% previously
referred to are, primarily unwritten.
Relationships and Interconnection. Relationship building
that supports business over generations was historically integral
to every business activity. This philosophy remains intact and it
is generally believed among BC Aboriginal peoples that business
is integral to the interests of the people and the people
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"It is very
important to
always be honest
with your clients
regarding their
business idea – if
they cannot make
it work on paper
they definitely will
not be able to
make it work in
practise.”
themselves, however, not at the expense of values.
Recommendation: Build relationships before business. Visit the
community regularly. Take an interest in the community, its
history, culture, community goals and aspirations. Relationship
building, mutual respect and developing trust can take years
depending upon the individual representative of the Community
Futures, its staff and the community.
Recommendation: Develop relationships through effective
communication. Assume you do not have all the answers, be
-Geri Collins,
Manager,
CFDC Central
Interior First Nations
open and listen intently. Be above board and up front. If a
concept is not feasible offer assistance to work through the
challenges. If there is any indication of insincerety on your part
it will be recognized immediately and, although courtesy will
remain, trust and respect will disappear and communication
will no longer exist.
Recommendation: Politics. Do not get involved. Be mindful that
the First Nations political reality is not the same as the nonFirst Nations reality (e.g. Band council support).
Recommendation: Seek to understand and celebrate Aboriginal
culture without being 'pushy or forward' Your genuine interest
will usually result in an opportunity to learn about and share in
some of the activities. Recognize cultural traditions and
differences of the First Nations client and treat each loan
individually.
Recommendation: Emotions; be realistic, grounded and
balanced. Share enthusiasm and excitement, but be realistic
about the feasibility of the business idea.
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Traps to Avoid:
Recommendation: Be collaborative and work with Aboriginal
1. Do not come
into an
Aboriginal
community
unannounced.
communities or clients at the outset of a project concept,
2. Do not say the
Band sent you.
long as it is done 'with' and not at the expense of the other party.
3.Do not come
into the
community then
do nothing.
requesting their input, feedback and participation.
Recommendation: Your attitude should be one of
encouragement and respect. Humour is an excellent tool so
Share your expertise and knowledge in a caring way rather than
with a superior or “know it all” attitude.
Recommendation: ASSUME NOTHING (cultural, timelines,
politics) A clear set of guidelines and expectations will help
achieve the objectives.
4. Do not make
promises that
you do not or
cannot deliver
on.
5. Do not consult
with only one
councillor or
politician.
6. Do not request
input and
feedback and not
follow up or
report back.
“We need to grab a sense of humour, we need to go there and
have fun. The First Nations have a great sense of humour and
we need to work with that”
- Evelyn Clark, Manager Community Futures of Mount Waddington
Participation in community events is still considered a
responsible and respectful act. Gatherings to celebrate births,
marriages, or to mourn deaths, deepen relationships and are
considered a responsibility for (business) leaders, which builds
reputation and respect.
Recommendation: Make a point of knowing about and
participating in, community events.
Recommendation: Recognize and respect the traditions, values
and responsibilities that may require a community to close
offices to attend funerals and memorials or an individual to
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respond to a responsibility greater than that to an employer,
training, business or other acitivities. Learn to accept, even
though you may not understand, the need to adjust your
priorities, appointments and meetings so that those greater
responsibilities may be met, without loss of your support.
Holistic thinking, which places importance on the whole, and
the interdependence, rather than analysis or separation into
parts.
Recommendation: When undertaking community planning ask
Aboriginals to participate in the process in order to ensure some
ownership and responsibility for the success of plans and
appropriate implementation, which will then be accepted in
their communities.
The elected Leadership in a community, agency or organization
has an important role to play in your interactions with them. A
letter requesting consent to work with the group and asking for
a designated contact or contacts is a good idea. It is the
Leadership who is responsible for determining the acceptability
of any activities undertaken within their realm of their
authority. Do not take anything for granted. It is important to
work 'with' and not 'for' people regardless of who they are.
Aboriginal People are extremely sensitive of this.
Respect: This is a critical component to engaging not only
individual clients but also communities.
♦ Elders are often integral to understanding the values in a
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community. If at all possible, establish some form of
relationship with Elders and take some guidance from them.
Often you will find that an Elder will not give you advice, but
will answer a question with a question. You usually will find
the right answer in the question(s) they ask. This can be very
frustrating for those not accustomed to it, so patience is very
important.
♦ It is also important to treat people with respect. Women
have tradtionally played a myriad of roles, including
providing leadership, this is particularly so if the community
is a trraditional matrilineal society. You can learn the social
structure of the First Nation in your region by conducting
research in your community or schools.
♦
Youth are our future and Aboriginal communities
collectively care deeply about them and their future. There
are challenges facing Aboriginal youth that are similiar to
those impacting other Youth in today's society. If you have a
successful program that you can offer to Aboriginal Youth
this may be an excellent introduction into the services you
provide to your communities.
♦ Please Note: If you charge fees to any of your clients then it
is okay to expect the same from Aboriginal clients and,
perhaps, you may even help them to obtain the funds.
However, do not charge fees to Aboriginal Clients at a
different or more expensive rate than your other clients.
Recommendations: It is important to treat People with courtesy
and respect and to ask for their input and assistance when
planning an activity, event or project. Do not make plans and
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then find yourself disappointed because they are not accepted.
Elders - Ask to meet with Elders and seek their counsel on
community projects. As the knowledge keepers of a nation
Elders can provide invaluable insight into the history of a
people.
Note: When inviting Elders to provide opening prayers or other
such invitations it is becoming increasingly more common for
Elders to receive an honorarium for their time as well as having
their expenses covered, such as travel costs. It is important to find
out the proper way to approach an Elder in your region and
locality. Some of you will have more than one First Nation in your
area, some will have a very prominent Métis population and others
will have an active Aboriginal Friendship Centre with a large urban
Aboriginal group. If possible connect with an individual and obtain
advice on local protocol. Remember that we all make mistakes and
if you do accept it gracefully, apologize and ask to be taught so that
you do not repeat them. Do not point fingers and transfer the
responsibility to someone else even if you received the wrong
information or poor advice.
Women - Treat women with respect and always ask and plan
for what role women will play in community projects.
Youth - The Aboriginal ‘baby boom’ has sociological
implications that could lead to positive or negative outcomes. As
as a result, many communities are trying very hard to develop
opportunities for youth and build their capacity. In doing this it
is important to involve youth, in an age appropriate approach,
which first and foremost includes being honest. Once again, it
is important not to bypass the community leaders and resources
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Community
Futures of the
Central Interior
First Nations
Corporate
Values:
Aspirations of
our
Communities &
our Clients
Respect for
ourselves, our
CFDC, our
People and our
funders
Integrity,
honesty, and
accountability
Cooperation,
consultation,
communication
and partnership
Responsiveness
instead of
imposition
who are responsible for making decisions in a community.
Youth, regardless of community or situation, do not always
know what they need. They do, however, know what they
respond to and how to encourage the attention and
participation of other Youth.
Gift Giving. The practice of gift-giving was a significant event
for the Aboriginal people; it was accompanied by the
reaffirmation of trading alliances and pledges of friendship.
Most Aboriginal agencies, communities and organizations will
give a gift acknowledging some contribution you have made. It
is appropriate to accept these tokens as part of the cultural
courtesies, however, as in any situation, giving or receiving gifts
is only acceptable so long as it cannot be construed as anything
other than normal courtesy.
Recommendation: Although it is not essential giving simple
gifts such as corporate marketing materials is important.
Where possible consign Aboriginal artists from the local area to
design the marketing logos and celebrate Aboriginal cultural.
Timelessness. Aboriginal people function with a sense of
timelessness where a sense of place is within the context of
hundreds of generations.
Recommendation: Be flexible and allow for individual and
community projects to take time. Be flexible and plan for
medium to long-term time frames for projects. Set out flexible
meeting agendas and ensure that all parties involved are aware
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of the timelines/constraints. Most of us have heard the term
'Indian Time' used in a derogatory manner. This use of the term
is unacceptable. For most Aboriginal People the term does have
real meaning where time is measured by the seasons, wildlife
patterns and harvesting times. When the fish are spawning
then it is time to catch and preserve them for the winter, same
for when the berries are ripe or when the caribou are migrating.
This does not only apply to the rural communities. People from
the larger areas will take the time to preserve, in a traditional
manner, food for the winter months.
Respectful Language. Aboriginal Cultures are oral and
visual. There are no ancient books or scrolls that preserve the
language, traditions and history. This information is passed
down through generations verbally. In some areas there are
pictographs and carvings that help to keep the history alive.
This lack of written history can explain another reason for the
cultural differences between Traditional and Contemporary
Cultures. Contemporary Cultures expect to find history and
important events or items of significance preserved in books.
There is a very high respect for the written word and minimal
credence given to oral history and values.
Many Aboriginal communities have developed or are developing
their own language programs in an effort to revitalize their
traditional language and have begun to document their history
in order to capture and preserve their traditional stories.
Aboriginal peoples place a high value on the power of words.
Many Aboriginal Peoples consider with great deliberation and
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speak with humility, respect, and often humour. They will speak
slowly, with pauses for emphasis and use story telling to make a
point. It can become extremely frustrated if you are not familiar
with this because we generally want people to 'get to the point.'
Recommendation: Listen, listen, listen. Be comfortable with
‘pregnant pauses’ in conversation and speak in turn as you feel
out each persons conversational rhythm and consciously allow
time for the other to speak. You must be patient and listen.
Probably the most difficult things to hear when communicating
with First Nations are those things not said verbally or directly
but are communicated in body language or by actions. Try to
understand the way First Nations communicate and learn how
First Nations show respect in your community. Consider/learn
words, images and belief systems.
Recommendation: seek to understand and celebrate First
Nations culture.
If you are given an opportunity to formally present to Chief and
Council or, to any meeting in an Aboriginal Community find out
exactly how much time you will have and stick to that time limit.
Say the most important things first and supply handouts of
everything else you want them to know. In most instances your
time will be limited.
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INAC dictates that
elections for First
Nations in Canada are
to be held every two
years. The term of a
Chief and Council has
historically been too
short a time period to
build sustainable
communities. Many
First Nations are
reviewing this term
and are enacting
traditional or blended
governance models
that allow for longer
terms.
Engaging a Community
It is recommended
that Community
Futures become aware
of the election cycle of
Chief and Councils of
First Nations in their
areas and plan to
renew agreements
following each
election.
with Aboriginal communities was to; have direct contact, work
For more information
on First Nations
elections visit
http://www.aincinac.gc.ca/nr/iss/eleu
n_e.html
Within the research for this document a wide cross section of
Aboriginal people, agencies and organizations were surveyed.
The most significant finding was that most First
Nations Bands, Aboriginal organizations and agencies
had not been approached by Community Futures and
were not aware of Community Futures.
Findings from the Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement
Strategy Questionnaire Compilation & Analysis (December
2004) revealed that the top four methods of building awareness
one-on-one, work with Chiefs, Council, and/or Band’s
Economic Development Officer; hold seminars, workshops,
information sessions, open houses and school presentations;
attend career fairs, trade shows, conferences, and community
and social meetings and events; and through site visits onreserve or in the community.
A perceived challenge for Community Futures is that
Aboriginal people do not approach the Community
Futures. Interestingly, for Aboriginal communities, it
is that Community Futures do not approach their
communities.
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The following activities are intended to support communitybased awareness building of Community Futures services.
1. Introduction. Call to introduce your Community Futures to
the Band Manager/Administrator. During this conversation
you should provide, a background of Community Futures,
services and programs offered, and the purpose of your call; a
request to present to Chief and Council or the appropriate
committee. Ask to whom you should address a letter so that you
may provide a presentation.
2. Letter to Present. Write a formal letter including
background, services and programs offered and the intent of the
Community Futures to support the growth and development of
Aboriginal entrepreneurs and Aboriginal community economic
development. Include any feedback or specific ideas as
provided by the Band Manager/Administrator.
3. Schedule Presentation Date, Time, Location. Mail the
letter along with corporate marketing materials, if possible.
Follow up with the recipient within one week to confirm receipt
and to offer to answer any questions. Schedule a presentation
date, recognizing that regular meeting agendas are very full and
those times and dates must be flexible to accommodate these
heavy agenda’s.
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4. Deliver Presentation. Arrive early to do the presentation.
Provide a power point presentation, offer handouts, corporate
marketing material and ask what the goals and aspirations are
for the community that your Community Futures can assist
with. Request to provide a community presentation, workshop,
seminar, information session, school presentation or support
for community economic development. Request the committee
to assign a contact person from the community if not
immediately identified. Finally, it is recommended that the
Community Futures request how to proceed, to extend a broad
invitation to the community for Board participation, according
to the terms of board renewal.
5. Follow Up. Prepare and deliver a letter or email that confirms,
in writing, your understandings from the meeting and send it to
your contact. Listen to and act upon any recommendations
provided or explain any barriers and make recommendations.
Follow up on any points, questions or direction provided at the
meeting.
6. Community Meetings/ Workshops. If you are asked to
provide the community with a presentation or a workshop you
should book a facility in the community, request an Elder from
the community to provide an opening prayer (provide an
honorarium) and book a caterer for the event from the
community.
Approaches to raising awareness of the community meeting or
workshop are to develop flyers, posters and registration forms
that are posted within the community, each department within
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CFDC Central
Interior First
Nation
Community
Engagement
Process:
the Band and in the community newsletter. The range of
We let them
know what we
can do - they let
us know what
they would like
us to do.
annual Artisan’s Showcase & Sale, First Host Training or True
presence in the community could include attendance at career
fairs, trade shows, conferences, community meetings and
events. Some innovative approaches to explore and identify
options and opportunities have resulted from hosting of an
Colors Workshops.
First Nations, Aboriginal organizations and agencies surveyed
declined to share information about the technicians, consultants
and mentors, citing that the good consultants are difficult to
We generally
compromise
somewhere in the
middle
find and preference was given to someone who has experience
working with Aboriginal people and is of Aboriginal ancestry.
Many First Nations are increasingly requesting clarification, in
writing, about the intent of organizations that enter their
communities. This is because of a relatively new situation that
has arisen since 2004 when two landmark rulings in the Supreme
Court of Canada held that the provincial government has a duty
to properly consult First Nations before proceeding with
development on potential treaty settlement land. The court
further said First Nations do not have to prove their title to the
land in a lengthy trial before this consultation takes place. One of
the court decisions held that third parties (business) also has this
duty to consult*.
Some unethical businesses are falsely claiming that they have
consulted with a First Nation and have then proceeding with land
development. Although Community Futures work does not bear
any relation to this, there is potential for a First Nation
community to request clarification of intent in writing.
* Source: BC Treaty Commission www.bctreaty.net
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Building Capacity with Aboriginal Small Business
Training
In the interests of the client and to build capacity there are
opportunities to provide workshops, training and seminars. In
2002 a comprehensive survey was undertaken by Statistics
Canada called the Aboriginal Entrepreneurs Survey. This
survey was interpreted in the BC Aboriginal Entrepreneurs: A
Growing Force - BC Aboriginal Small Business Profile, and
outlined opportunities to provide client training in the following
areas:
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Accounting/bookkeeping
67%
Business administration
49%
Developing a business plan
45%
Management practices
44%
Marketing
44%
Finance
41%
Economics
36%
Starting a business
32%
Apprenticeship
9%
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
In the 1996 Census
Statistics Canada
collected data on
Aboriginal
Entrepreneurs, which
established an
understanding of the
growing rates of
Aboriginal
entrepreneurship
nationally and led to the
establishment of the
Aboriginal Business
Service Network
initiative. In the 2001
Census Statistics Canada
again released detailed
findings of Aboriginal
entrepreneurship in the
2002 Aboriginal
Entrepreneurs Survey.
Both census surveys
included detailed
findings as outlined
here.
As Aboriginal
populations and
entrepreneurship
continues to grow and
influence the Canadian
economy it is anticipated
that Statistics Canada
will continue to collect
data on Aboriginal
Entrepreneurship
following each census.
This same report indicated that Aboriginal entrepreneurs
wanted to maintain stability and increase profits and in doing so
would seek training in:
Business development, funding/loans
85%
Establishing business contacts
57%
Market information
55%
Information on business opportunities
50%
Training / skills development programs
53%
Government sales contracts / procurement
40%
Finally, Aboriginal Entrepreneurs Survey respondents reported
wanting to improve their skills in the following areas:
Production
67%
Ability to effectively use technology
67%
Marketing
60%
Financing
59%
Competitive strategy
55%
Research and development and innovation
53%
Human resources
42%
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
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Central Interior First Nation Recommendations for
Training Programs:
It is important that Aboriginal clients have access to both
financing and training that makes the possibility of business
ownership achievable.
Provide First Nations designed and delivered programs and
services.
Programs need to be flexible enough to draw on the strengths
and accommodate the individual needs of our clients. Value
what each individual has to contribute to the overall learning.
Recognize and celebrate success – it is important that we
recognize success from the start.
Promote the development of self-esteem and positive Aboriginal
economic identity
Ensure a safe, supportive learning environment. This includes
ensuring that basic needs are met - food, shelter, child care, etc.;
Communicate ‘with’ not ‘to’ clients; Identify their starting point
and work from there; Group defines learning objectives within
the parameters of the Program.
Utilize strategies consistent with cultural patterns and learning
styles.
Assist with Aboriginal human resource and skill development including Trainers and Mentors.
Use learner’s experience as part of the teaching tools
Establish trust and respect in the group
Involve the community – Family, Friends, Elders, Leaders, etc
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Set a co-operative learning climate
Create mechanisms for mutual planning
Don’t forget the value of humour, laughter & fun
Evaluate – we start with ourselves – not our clients
Celebrate and Honour, CELEBRATE AND HONOUR
Remember that we must be learners to be teachers!
When offering programs or services to Aboriginal communities it is
recommended that efforts be made to hire and train someone from
within that community. This ensures that the Aboriginal community
has the skills and training to provide ongoing assistance and develops
the overall capacity of the community
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This is not about
the needs of our
CFDC it is about
what meets and
satisfies their
needs.
If we cannot
provide what
they need – we
explain why
and/or provide a
reference.
-Geri Collins,
Manager,
CFDC Central
Interior First
Nations
Guidelines for Engaging and Providing Services to
Aboriginal Peoples
Client Centered Service Delivery
Within the scope of the research conducted for this toolkit, it
was identified that Community Futures success in Aboriginal
engagement is dependant upon the degree to which services
meet the needs of the client, or is client-centered. In
application this is not a static policy, rather an operational style
defined by management that meets the evolving needs of the
client, community, organization and partners. This aspect of
total quality management in delivery of services to Aboriginal
people in BC includes:
Delivery of both individual client and community economic
development services and training in the community.
Ensure viability of project and lending criteria are met.
Be adaptable, creative and innovative in your approach.
Understanding Aboriginal business etiquette, appropriate to
each community.
Supporting capacity and community development, which
includes complex aspects of Nation Building that are based
upon the values, visions, goals and culture of each community.
While values, vision and goals are more standardized it is also
important to support cultural revitalization, which is the
foundation of successful Aboriginal business and economic
development. In fact, research conducted by Dr. Manley Begay
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HARVARD PROJECT
Founded by
Professors Stephen
Cornell and Joseph P.
Kalt at Harvard
University in 1987, the
Harvard Project on
American Indian
Economic
Development
(Harvard Project) is at
the John F. Kennedy
School of
Government, Harvard
University in the USA.
Through applied
research and service,
the Harvard Project
aims to understand
and foster the
conditions under
which sustained, selfdetermined social and
economic
development is
achieved in American
Indian Nations. The
work of the Harvard
Project is proven vital
for Canadian
Aboriginals.
Harvard Project:
www.ksg.harvard.edu
/hpaied/index.htm
in Nation Building through, the Harvard Project on American
Indian Economic Development, has proven this.
Locally, this is witnessed by the experience and work of Chief
Judith Sayers; Chief of the Hupacasath First Nation, and a well
respected leader in Aboriginal business development for many
projects including Eagle Rock Corp. As the senior elected official
of her First Nation, Chief Sayers focuses on capacity building,
sustainable development and restoring and rehabilitating
Hupacasath territory.
Eagle Rock Mineral Ltd. represents an innovative joint
partnership wherein the Eagle Rock Quarry is 70% owned by
Polaris and 30% by local First Nations. The Hupacasath and
Ucluelet First Nations each own 10%, and the remaining 10% is
held in trust for the Tseshaht First Nation. With a bold mission
statement, “embracing the vision of a sustainable business, and
committing to the highest standards of environmental
responsibility and ethical business practice,” this project has
raised the bar for Aboriginal-industry joint ventures.
Community Based Service Delivery
Community Futures best practices in Aboriginal engagement
have demonstrated that delivery of services and support must
be done in the community. Aboriginal communities surveyed as
a part of the research also requested that service delivery be
community-based. Community-based delivery of services for
First Nations requires a formalized approach to work with the
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We are prepared
to step out of the
box; we have an
open mind and
don’t paralyze
ourselves with
policy. We need
to be flexible.
community (See: Engaging an Aboriginal Community) as well
as an understanding of how to work with Aboriginal peoples
(See Aboriginal Business Etiquette).
Service delivery for other agencies including AHRDA’s,
Aboriginal Business Development Centres, Friendship Centres,
Métis Centres, etc. are recommended to proceed according to
- Don Zurowski,
Community Futures
of Fraser Fort
George
the direction provided by said organization and following a
formal request to present Community Futures services to the
management of the organization. Guidelines to initiate a
partnership are follows:
1. Phone call of introduction and request to meet with
management to share available services.
2. Follow up letter of introduction and scheduling of presentation.
3. Presentation sharing services and potential community
economic development support and identification of working
contact and invitation for Board participation.
4. Follow up letter clarifying understandings.
5. Proceeding with delivery of services, awareness building and
community engagement as recommended by organization.
Standard Lending Criteria
As indicated throughout this document Community Futures
that are successful at Aboriginal engagement do not have any
form of customized lending criteria for Aboriginal peoples.
Success is dependant upon the approach the Community
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Futures takes with respect to understanding and demonstrating
Aboriginal business etiquette, adapted to meet the needs of the
community being served.
Within the scope of research for this document Community
Futures cited the most significant barriers in lending to
Aboriginal peoples in BC are as follows:
1. Security. Section 89 of the Indian Act states, that ‘the real and
personal property of an Indian or a Band situated on a reserve is
not subject to charge, pledge, mortgage, attachment, levy,
seizure, distress or execution in favour or at the instance of any
person other than an Indian or a Band.’ Community Futures
successful in lending to Aboriginal people have found innovative
methods to assign securities, understanding that Aboriginal
businesses often do not operate according to North American
business paradigms. Understanding and innovation is key for
any lender who works with Aboriginal peoples or communities.
2. Community Support. Some Community Futures that
participated in the research for this document, reported using
alternative means to secure funding including enlisting
community support for the individual entrepreneur through a
Band Council Resolution (BCR) provided by Chief and Council
or appropriate documentation and authority. This would
require an entrepreneur to present their idea to Chief and
Council and request a BCR, or their appropriate authority, to
request a letter of support. (A sample BCR can be found in
Appendix H) The client should advise upon the appropriate
authority and the documentation that can be provided. In this
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process the entrepreneur asks the ‘community’ through Chief
and Council for their support and in turn commits to making
the business successful.
3. Enhanced Support Partnerships. Some Community
Futures already work with Aboriginal Business Development
Centres to provide enhanced levels of client support, which
include assisting clients to understand and complete the
appropriate regulatory requirement, forms and legal challenges.
4. Capacity Development. Individual Aboriginal entrepreneurs
and communities are very receptive to respectful working
relationships where partners understand their interests, of
which perhaps one of the most common is building capacity. It
is strongly recommended that Community Futures use one of
the many Aboriginal Small Business Development Workshops
that include the essential business fundamentals required in
business delivered and explained in culturally relevant terms.
These workshops can be found on the ABSN BC website
www.firstbusiness.ca.
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Conceptually, we need to rethink our approach to
lending on the First Nations Reserves. Borrowing
prerequisites and repayment terms placed on the
relationship between lender and borrower determine
the business practices that must be adopted for the
community being served. In the case of First Nations,
the system currently in use is out of step with their
culture. As an example:
First Nation people in our region earn their living
through some form of piecework while we provide
loans based on a monthly cash flow model. To some
businesses that generate revenue on a regular basis
this is not an issue, for piecework contracts such as
loggers, this can create “debt pressure” which can
lead to stress, frustration and ultimately failure.
The solution in this example is typing the repayment
of a debt into the work accomplished in the time frame
that the work is undertaken, thereby removing the
“debt pressure”.
- Keith Federink, Manager Community Futures Stuart
Nechako
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CHAPTER 2: COMMUNITY FUTURES OF
BC BEST PRACTICES
Since reaffirming Section 35 of the Royal Proclamation into
Canada’s Constitution, relations with Aboriginal people has
improved and resulted in subsequent legislation at the
municipal, provincial and federal government levels that is
increasing the powers and authorities for First Nations in
Canada. There are also a growing number of partnership
“The Throne
Speech finally
acknowledged the
significant role
that First Nations
will play in the
economic revival
in BC in the next
decade”.
John Winter,
President of the BC
Chamber of
Commerce, BC
Business May 2003.
documents and agreements, protocols and memorandums of
understanding that are creating mutual benefits and greater
economic certainty for BC.
Although a number of Community Futures surveyed referred to
their Aboriginal engagement best practices only a few were
submitted for inclusion into this report.
Benefits of Partnering with Aboriginal Peoples for
Community Futures
Growing client group, see Aboriginal Demographics in the
appendices of this document
Increased number and value of loans
Funding support (Aboriginal Business Canada) that can
enhance client outcomes and build a more vibrant local
economy, see Chapter 3: Opportunities
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Community Economic/Socio-Economic Development Projects
that can result in shared benefits for Aboriginal and nonAboriginal communities, see Best Practices next page.
Relationship Building that can facilitate improved business
opportunities in the resource sectors (forestry, fishing, mining,
etc.)
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The Gitksan and
Wet’suwet’en
Economic
Development
Corporation
Loan Program
resulted in
almost fifty
businesses being
established.
Best Practice:
Community Futures 16/37 G.W.E.D.C. Loan Program
The Gitksan and Wet’suwet’en Economic Development
Corporation was established in March 1997 in order to improve
access to capital for community members wishing to establish
new businesses or expand/modernize businesses. This is done
by providing security to the Community Futures 16/37 when a
client does not have sufficient collateral to finance a loan for
capital or infrastructure development costs, start-up or working
capital.
Community Futures 16/37 has worked to engage Aboriginal
communities through regular visits, participating in the
activities, listening to the community’s challenges, and
supporting opportunities. Some of the specific work undertaken
by Community Futures 16/37 in the Aboriginal communities
includes, coordinating joint conferences, facilitating planning
sessions for the Tribal Group, Chief and Council and Band
owned businesses and the delivery of eight programs totalling
eight million dollars.
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The loan guarantee program, which can be amended for use in
other communities, was developed in conjunction with both
Community Futures 16/37 and the Development Corporation
and enables economic development groups to have a larger
voice with both the commercial banking community and
government. The program contract date has expired but is
currently being considered for renewal.
The Gitksan and Wet’suwet’en Economic Development
Corporation Loan Program model was established according to
the following terms and conditions:
1. A trust account was established at a local credit union, with the
goal of guaranteeing funds while maximizing interest rates.
The Community Futures provided monthly reports and
distributed interest on the account to stakeholders
determined by their percentage of investment.
2. Clients were required to participate in business planning with
Community Futures 16/37 and the respective economic
development group involved.
3. Clients were required to meet the following program criteria
prior to proceeding:
a. Maximum loan - $30,000 over a maximum term of 60
months that can only be accessed twice.
b. Assistance was only eligible for capital and infrastructure
development costs, start-up, working capital and bid
performance bonds for contracting.
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c. Pre-start-up costs for feasibility on marketing studies,
debt financing and commercial or inland fishery were not
considered eligible.
d. Consideration for a loan guarantee was done on an
application basis and requires a business plan and
supporting documentation.
e. No application deadlines. Applications were accepted,
reviewed, assessed year round.
4. Both Community Futures 16/37 and the Development
Corporation must approve the loan, with loan guarantees and
legal documents in the names to protect both groups.
5. Community Futures 16/37 was responsible for monitoring and
collections and offered a floating interest rate at 3% above
prime. Loan interest remained with the Community Futures.
6. The conflict resolution model included a plan to immediately
contact the Development Corporation to establish a joint
solution with an understanding that guarantees are provided
when all other avenues have been exhausted including
liquidation of assets and dissolution of the company.
Band and Council as leadership should
endorse the business and be able to support
their success.
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Best Practice:
Community Futures of Fraser Fort George Tsay Keh
Dene Band Community Management Capacity Building
Community Futures Fraser Fort George assisted the Tsay Keh
Dene First Nation to secure funding to implement a Community
Management Capacity Building project. This project promised
to address the economic development challenges posed by the
cutbacks in the softwood lumber industry and consequent
slowdown of the Band’s logging company.
The purpose of this project was to develop the management
capacity in the Tsay Keh Village in an effort to manage the
difficult transition from reliance on forest harvesting to provide
both employment and income. Aptitude testing of band
members was conducted to determine who would have the
greatest likelihood of successfully managing a new business. Of
the 22 potential candidates – 5 were identified, and training and
career plans were developed.
A work plan has been developed that identifies community
needs and revised as new information becomes available.
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The primary goal of this program is for the Band to be
financially self-reliant and encourage a vigorous local economy
that creates employment its their members.
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Best Practice:
Community Futures Stuart Nechako Regional
Economic Development Initiative
Regional Economic Development Initiative (REDI)
The Regional Economic Development Initiative project is based
on the simple, pragmatic reality that there is strength and
increased capacity when we work together towards commonly
held goals.
REDI, funded by Western Economic Diversification and the
Nechako Kitimat Fund, brought together the leaders of the local
communities and First Nations to create a coordinated,
collaborative capacity to respond to opportunities and
challenges and to initiate cooperative endeavors that will benefit
all of the jurisdictions and citizens of the Stuart Nechako
Region. REDI is a tool to address the economic development
issues of the region.
Additionally, Community Futures Stuart Nechako works with
communities to plan and implement strategies for small
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business and employment growth, understanding that the
regional economy plays a major role for Community Futures.
The REDI Committee consists of the Mayors, Chiefs, Regional
District Representatives supported by Town Administrators /
Band Managers, Chambers of Commerce and Community
Futures.
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Best Practice:
Community Futures of Nadina –
BC Northwest Broadband Initiative (BCNBI)
On March 10, 2006 the Honourable Carol Skelton, Minister of
National Revenue and Minister of Western Economic
Diversification, announced that the Community Futures of
Nadina and Stuart-Nechako were awarded the 2005 Minister’s
Award for Excellence and Innovation for their joint British
Columbia Northwest Broadband Initiative (BCNBI).
The Community Futures of Stuart-Nechako and Nadina
invested two years and brought high-speed Internet access to
35, 157 people and 1,644 businesses that previously were unable
to access broadband. Initial steps included hosting a regional
conference in September 2001, which included representatives
from government, industry, First Nations, business, education,
Internet service providers (ISP’s), technical specialists as well as
members of the general public. Following this conference
representatives from each of these groups, including First
Nations, formed the BC Northwest Broadband Committee, the
purpose of which was to complete a needs assessment of
existing infrastructure, determine application and funding
requirements and develop a network design, construction and
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business plans for the operations of the network. The
Committee asked the Community Futures of Nadina and StuartNechako to lead the BCNBI.
In early 2003 both Community Futures were successful at
securing $60,000 from Western Economic Diversification (WD)
and undertook a needs assessment, $30,000 from Industry
Canada’s Broadband for Rural and Northern Development
Program (BRAND), to develop a business plan, which was
approved for $2,030,960.00.The BCNBI, with First Nations
involved as planning partners, is now in its fifth year and has
achieved its goal of establishing broadband access in the region.
This project has been profiled at many conferences and
showcased on the Knowledge Network.
One successful and unique story from the BCNBI is that of the
Yekochee, a remote First Nation community, with
approximately 120 people. Prior to the BCNBI the community
received only unstable wireless service highspeed Internet and
phone service to the Band office and school. In emergencies the
community was often without phone or Internet access.
The BRAND project brought the high-speed connection to the
community with the access point located in the school, as
required. However, in addition to providing the high-speed
connection the project also brought an opportunity to fulfill
another vital community need – phone access.
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The Yekooche in partnership with the vendor, Navigata, strung
copper wire from the school on the hydro poles to each home to
deliver high-speed and phone service. More opportunities
followed and the Yekochee became their own Internet Sservice
Provider (ISP). Community members were trained for first level
ISP support and the business generated enough revenue to pay
for the phone system.
The BCNBI supported the Yekooche to determine and meet
their own needs through a community owned ISP that delivers
reliable high-speed Internet and phone service that runs
through the bandwidth connection to the community.
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Best Practice:
Northern Community Futures Aboriginal Outreach
Program
Aboriginal Outreach Program
The Aboriginal Outreach Program was established with the
support of Western Economic Diversification and allowed for
the hiring of an Outreach officer to act as an Aboriginal liaison.
This project was implemented in 5 Northern Community
Futures. The Aboriginal Officer was hired with input from the
regional First Nations for the purpose of enhancing the
Community Futures’ level of service to First Nation
communities and clients, in order to strengthen entrepreneurial
and community development capacity.
The Aboriginal Outreach Program aims to help identify
obstacles to socio-economic development in First Nation
communities and to provide Community Futures resources that
address any barriers. The program is designed to:
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Engage First Nation communities through regular visits and
establish ongoing relationships with key stakeholders in the
community.
Build capacity of First Nation communities to support economic
development.
Attend First Nation conferences; events and meetings open to
the public, and identify issues, needs and initiatives where the
Aboriginal Outreach Program can assist.
Build long term relationships with and amongst First Nation
communities.
Keep First Nation communities informed about the services
offered.
Identify assets, resources, challenges and opportunities with
respect to fostering socio-economic development.
Make the resources and expertise of Community Futures and
affiliated organizations available to First Nation communities.
Assist with First Nation business start-ups and expansions.
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There are a lot of
golden
opportunities in
resources and
Aboriginal
peoples will be
involved in these
activities as
owners and
suppliers.
CHAPTER 3: OPPORTUNITIES
Partnership Opportunities to Enhance Community
Futures Aboriginal Engagement
The Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Strategy
Questionnaire Compilation & Analysis (December 2004) also
Whatever we can
do to build their
capacity now
will impact the
economy of our
region.
identified that the most preferred method of engaging with
Aboriginal people and organizations would initially be through
partnerships and referrals. To develop partnerships and
referrals the following are Aboriginal organizations whose
mandates and work are consistent with those of Community
- Roger Leclerc,
Manager
COMMUNITY
FUTURES 16/37
Futures and where first partnerships should be sought.
Aboriginal Business Development Centres
There are many small business development organizations
across BC, who do not provide lending, but provide enhanced
Aboriginal small business client support, training, business plan
development, financial planning (equity), advocacy and
referrals and are ideal candidates for partnering with
Community Futures to extend client services and support as
well as community economic development. Aboriginal
Business Development Centres also provide a peer support
network and mentorship, which are critical to support an
Aboriginal entrepreneur.
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Aboriginal
entrepreneurship
training should
offer training
that builds the
capacity of an
individual in the
areas of critical
thinking,
communication,
coping, and selfmanagement
essential skills.
The leading Aboriginal Business Development Agencies in BC
are as follows:
Northeast Aboriginal Business Centre Society
10039-100th Street, Fort St. John V1J 3Y5 Ph: 250-785-1870
Aboriginal Business Development Centre
3845 15th Avenue, Prince George V2N 1A4 Ph: 250-562-6325
Kootenay Aboriginal Business Advocates Society
207 14th Ave. N., Cranbrook V1C 3W3 Ph: 250-426-0595
Nuu-chah-nulth Economic Development Corporation
P.O. Box 1384, 5000 Mission Road, Port Alberni V9Y 7M2
Ph: 250-724-3131
AHRDA’s (Aboriginal Human Resource Development
Agreement)
AHRDA’s are responsible for developing and delivering
employment and self-employment skills training for Aboriginal
peoples, wherever they may be on reserve, or in rural or urban
areas. AHRDA’s have excellent relationships with the
community and are committed to building capacity. AHRDA’s
are ideal candidates to work with to develop, and deliver
capacity development programs such as self-employment
training. AHRDA’s operating in BC are as follows:
Aboriginal Community Careers Employment Services Society
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108 - 100 Park Royal, West Vancouver V7T 1A2
Ph: (604) 913-7933 www.buildingfuturestoday.com
Cariboo-Chilcotin Aboriginal Training Education Centre Society
205 - 197 North Second Avenue, Williams Lake V2G 1M1
Ph: (250) 392-2510
www.williamslake.net/ammenities/details.asp?id=752
Coast Salish Aboriginal Employment & Training Society
103B 5462 Trans Canada Highway, Duncan V9L 6W4
Ph: (250) 746-0183 www.coastsalishemployment.com
First Nations Employment Society
101-440 Cambie Street, Vancouver V6B 2N5
Ph: (604) 605-7194 www.fnes.ca
Métis Nation of BC
789 West Pender St., Suite 1000, Vancouver V6C 1H2
Ph: (604) 801-5853 www.mpcbc.bc.ca
North East Native Advancing Society
P.O. Box 6847, Fort St. John V1J 4J3
Ph: (250) 785-0887 www.nenas.org
North Island Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council
1400 B Drake Road, Campbell River V1J 4J3
Ph: (250) 286-3487 www.nuuchahnulth.org
Okanagan Training and Employment Society
101 - 1865 Dilworth Drive, Suite 339, Kelowna V1Y 9T1
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Ph: (250) 769-1977 www.otdc.org
Prince George Nechako Aboriginal Employment & Training
Association
1591 4th Avenue, Prince George V2L 3K1
Ph: (250) 561-1199 www.pgnaeta.bc.ca
Shuswap Nations Tribal Council Society
304 - 355 Yellowhead Hwy, Kamloops V2H 1H1
Ph: (250) 314-1564 www.cipahrd.org
Skeena Native Development Society
PO Box 418, Terrace V8G 4B1
Ph: (250) 635-1500 www.snds.bc.ca
Sto:lo Nation Human Resource Development
Bldg. #8A - 7201 Vedder Road, Chilliwack V2R 4G5
Ph: (604) 858-3691 www.snhrd.ca
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Funding Opportunities to Enhance Client Services
Aboriginal Business Canada (ABC)
Aboriginal Business Canada is currently undergoing changes
whereby the transfer of authority for this program is moving to
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (For more information
INAC programs and services please refer to page 67). Despite
this change ABC’s continue to represent a significant
opportunity for Community Futures wishing to increase
Aboriginal engagement. Community Futures can, for example,
facilitate client applications to Aboriginal Business Canada
(ABC) to access contributions. Aboriginal Business Canada
provides non-repayable contributions for viable businesses that
are 51% or more owned by persons of Aboriginal heritage. The
intent of this contribution is to create equity in business for
Aboriginal people who have recognized systemic and
environmental barriers.
The requirements for the ABC contribution are:
o The project must have a loan component, which fits well
with Community Futures financing available.
o The client must have a minimum of 15 percent cash
equity, with at least 50% from personal resources.
Contributions are made on a reimbursement basis, which are
often facilitated by bridge financing by a lending partner. Both
the loan component and the bridge financing are opportunities
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for Community Futures to offer these kinds of supports that
reduce risk, assist in improving business opportunities for
individuals and local community economic development.
It is recommended that Community Futures thoroughly
research ABC funding programs and the application process on
the ABC website http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/internet/inabceac.nsf/en/h_ab00347e.html, and establish a relationship with
the ABC officer responsible for their region. Finally, it is
important to recognize that time frames for ABC contributions
are 6-12 months, requiring that the client and Community
Futures plan accordingly.
Client
Equity
15.0%
ABC
42.5%
Loan
42.5%
First Citizens Fund
The First Citizens Fund, a perpetual fund created in 1969 and is
available for cultural, educational and economic development
for Aboriginal people in British Columbia. All programs and
services are managed and delivered in partnership with British
Columbia Aboriginal organizations.
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By providing support to Aboriginal financial institutions and
organizations, the First Citizens Fund helps create new
employment and business opportunities for Aboriginal and
non-Aboriginal people throughout B.C
Business Advisory Centers
o Business advisory centers in Cranbrook, Fort St. John and
Prince George assist Aboriginal entrepreneurs with
business start-up or expansion, partnerships and
planning. These centers ensure that Aboriginal
entrepreneurs have access to business support and advice
to help them realize their business goals. Qualified staff
experienced in business and knowledgeable about the
challenges and needs for on- and off-reserve businesses
and markets, small business development and joint
ventures.
To obtain business development information, contact:
o The Northeast Aboriginal Business Centre in Fort St.
John, serving the Northeast region,
o The Kootenay Aboriginal Business Advocates Society in
Cranbrook, serving the Kootenay region,
o The Aboriginal Development Centre in Prince George,
serving Prince George and surrounding area.
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Business Loan Program
Each year business loans from the First Citizens Fund support
about 150 Aboriginal small businesses throughout British
Columbia to start, expand or make improvements to their
businesses.
Business loans are available to Aboriginal residents of B.C. for
most types of operations and a wide range of sectors that
include retail, services, fishing, forestry, agriculture, tourism
and hospitality, manufacturing, new technologies and export.
These loans can be up to a maximum of $75,000, plus a 1.5 per
cent borrower's fee. When a loan is approved, the First Citizens
Fund will contribute 40 per cent of the principle in pro-rata
installments over the term of the loan.
Business Support Officer Program
The Business Support Officer Program provides a range of
business advice and extension services for Aboriginal
entrepreneurs at no cost. Participating lenders deliver a
program of services through Business Support Officers, also
known as Business Development Officers:
o One-on-one support
o Delivery of business training workshops
o Program marketing in communities
Business advisory services are available to new and existing
clients at all stages of the business lifecycle, from planning and
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development, to applying for financing and business start-up, to
operational and management advice and support.
For more information about the First Citizens Fund please visit
http://www.gov.bc.ca/arr/economic/fcf/default.html
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British Columbia
has the greatest
range of
Aboriginal
cultural diversity
in Canada.
Chapter 4 Aboriginal Peoples of BC
Definitions of Aboriginal Peoples in BC
The definition of Aboriginal is still commonly questioned in
Canada. Aboriginal is an umbrella term that is used to describe
the first inhabitants of Canada. Aboriginal peoples are made up
of the following three groups; Indians or First Nations, Métis
and Inuit. These are three separate peoples with unique
heritages, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs.
Please refer to Appendix I: Terminology for complete
definitions.
First Nation:
First Nation is the more politically correct term used to describe
Indians, both Status and Non-Status. In BC there are 198 First
Nations who have the greatest Aboriginal cultural diversity in
Canada.
BC First Nations traditional groupings existed by language
groupings, defined by geographic borders, and where common
practices and beliefs existed. Seven of the eleven unique
language families, found in Canada, are located exclusively in
BC. See Appendix A: Community Futures Aboriginal Peoples
Matrix for the language grouping of your Community Futures
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 56 of 116
and the respective Nations, Aboriginal organizations and
agencies operating.
Métis:
As defined by the Canadian Métis Council, a Métis person is
‘someone who is distinct from Indian and Inuit, someone who
has genealogical ties to Aboriginal ancestry.’ As defined by the
Charter and the Métis Nation British Columbia a “Métis” is a
person who self-identifies as Métis, is distinct from other
Aboriginal peoples, is of historic Métis Nation ancestry, and is
accepted by the Métis Nation.
Inuit:
The Inuit are Aboriginal persons in northern Canada, who
traditionally lived above the tree line in the Northwest
Territories, and in Northern Quebec and Labrador. The word
means “people” in the Inuit language - Inuktitut. The singular of
Inuit is Inuk.
Within this diversity there are also Aboriginal people who are
more or less ‘traditional’. An Aboriginal person who is
considered traditional is someone who practices their
community’s traditions and rituals regularly and studies with
Elders to become future knowledge keepers.
Page 57 of 116
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Aboriginal
people in
Canada are
experiencing a
Baby Boom that
will have the
same impact as
the 1960s Baby
Boom had in
North America.
Aboriginal Demographics in BC
The percent change in the growth rate from 2001 to 2006 was a
staggering 15.3%, with 196,070 British Columbians identifying
themselves as Aboriginal in 2006. The Aboriginal population in
2006 was made up of 129,580 (66%) identifying themselves as
North American Indian and 59,445 (30%) identifying
themselves as Métis1.
Inuit
0%
Other
3%
Metis
30%
North
American
Indian
67%
Aboriginal people are experiencing a population boom that is
1.5 times that of the rest of Canada. By comparison, the BC
non-Aboriginal population increased by 5.3% during 20012006.2 Further, the median age of British Columbians is 40.5
years, whereas the median age of BC’s Aboriginal community is
28.1 years.
1Statistics
Canada. 2008. British Columbia (table). Aboriginal Population Profile. 2006 Census. Statistics
Canada Catalogue no. 92-594-XWE. Ottawa. Released January 15, 2008.
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/aboriginal/Index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed January
23, 2008).)
2
Stats Canada (2001 Census)
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
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According to BC Statistics current projections indicate that BC’s
Aboriginal population will grow to 219,400 by 2017 with
Aboriginal youth age 20-29 years making up 41.9% of the
population, compared to 9% for the rest of the Canadian
population. With such a significant youth population under the
age of 40 there is a strong need for well planned Aboriginal
community economic development strategies to build capacity
and create opportunities for Aboriginal youth that will result in
positive outcomes.
BC Aboriginal Labour Force Projections
2001-2017
160000
140000
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
0-14
15-24
2001
Page 59 of 116
2006
15-64
65 +
2017
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Most BC First
Nations did not
sign treaties and
the BC
government is
currently
negotiating with
70 % of BC First
Nations through
the treaty
process.
Chapter 5: Historic Framework
Historic Legislative Framework
The following is contextual information intended to explain the
perspectives, expectations and constraints of Aboriginal
peoples.
Before colonization, First Nations were self-governing, selfsustaining nations, with legal, administrative and diplomatic
systems in place to effectively manage their lands and resources.
Since this time the colonial European infrastructure was
established and settlement by Europeans and Americans was
promoted. Starting in 1701, in what was to eventually become
Canada, the British Crown entered into laws that continue to
impact Aboriginal peoples wanting to achieve self-sufficiency,
including;
The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was issued October 7, 1763
by King George III following Great Britain’s acquisition of
French territory in North America after the end of the French
and Indian War/Seven Years’ War. The purpose of the
proclamation was to organize Britain’s new North American
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 60 of 116
Empire and to stabilize relations with North American Indians
who were important military and economic allies against the
colonizing forces from the United States, Spain, French, and
Russia. This act respectfully states that Aboriginal people have
title to the land, which is also included in Section 35 of the
Constitution Act, 1982.
In 1828 the Darling Commission recommended a policy
whereby Indians could be settled in one location, educated, and
converted to Christianity. For the next six decades, the
Government passed legislation that reflected the Commission’s
recommendations and moved Indians to remote isolated
reserves and established the residential school system. In 1867
the British North America Act, an act of the British
Parliament, granted Canada self-government and gave the
federal government the authority to make laws about “Indians
and lands reserved for the Indians”. A number of acts following
the Darling Commission were amalgamated into the Indian
Act (1876), which had the ultimate goal of assimilation.
Examples of what was originally included in the 1876 Indian Act
include; outlawing Indians from participating in cultural events
(Potlatches, Sundances) until 1951; outlawing Indians from
retaining a lawyer to seek legal remedy to save their lands; and
established numerous provisions which removed many First
Nations status and all their Aboriginal rights.
Within the Indian Act Section 89 is of importance for
Community Futures, which states;
Page 61 of 116
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
…real and personal property of an Indian or a band situated
on a reserve is not subject to charge, pledge, mortgage,
attachment, levy, seizure, distress or execution in favour or at
the instance of any person other than an Indian or a band.
Originally designed as a short-term measure to protect Indians,
Section 89 of the Indian Act undermined the ability of First
Nations living on-reserve to financing their businesses.
Recognizing this barrier, Aboriginal leaders in the 1980’s made
recommendations to the NEDP (now Aboriginal Business
Canada) to establish Aboriginal Capital Corporations, or
Aboriginal Financing Institutions, who would finance small
business loans to First Nations on-reserve.
Coming full circle Canada’s Constitution (1982) revived the
original intent of the Royal Proclamation recognizing and
affirming Aboriginal and treaty rights. Since this time the
relationship between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people in
BC is growing stronger and starting to move beyond the
limitations of the Indian Act.
The following are resource links that can provide more
information on recent history:
BC Treaty Commission: www.bctreaty.net
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (Aboriginal Rights in BC):
http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/pr/info/abr_e.html
BC Leadership Council, made up of the following:
o BC First Nations Summit: www.fns.bc.ca
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 62 of 116
o BC Assembly of First Nations: www.bcafn.ca
o Union of BC Indian Chiefs: www.ubcic.bc.ca
Ministry of Aboriginal Relations and Reconciliation:
http://www.gov.bc.ca/bvprd/bc/channel.do?action=ministry&c
hannelID=-536896053&navId=NAV_ID_province
Page 63 of 116
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Self-employment
for Aboriginal
peoples in BC has
increased by 33%
since 1996,
an average of 6.6%
per year,
compared with
0.5% for BC
overall, from
2003-2004.
Aboriginal Entrepreneurship in BC, Then and Now
Aboriginal people have a long history of business, since time
immemorial, adapting their lives to the resources they found
there. “Business” for the First Nations of Canada was bartering
and trading, which they developed into an art.
The economy of Canada was established with the fur trade
(1500’s – 1850) when Aboriginal peoples and the Europeans
exchanged ideas, wealth, and technologies. For Aboriginal
peoples, the fur trade was a social event and an economic
activity. Trading had always served cultural purposes for
Aboriginal peoples, and the fur trade was no exception. During
the fur trade period, Aboriginal peoples played a crucial role in
the economy. As the fur-trade declined a push to create a new
economy emerged based upon natural resources, which were
slowly removed from Aboriginal control. Despite difficult
circumstances Aboriginal entrepreneurship continued.
Today, Aboriginal entrepreneurs are a strong and growing force
in BC demonstrating sustainability and diversification across
industries. Self-employment for Aboriginal peoples in
BC has increased by 33% since 19963, or an average of
6.6% per year, compared with 0.5% for the BC overall
2003-20044.
3 BC Aboriginal Entrepreneurs: A Growing Force (BC Aboriginal Small Business Profile), Aboriginal Business
Service Network BC Region and Statistics Canada.
4 2005 Small Business Profile, BC Stats.
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 64 of 116
Aboriginal small
business owners are
generally microentrepreneurs
requiring less than
$50,000 to start,
but are creating
employment and
who support local
Source: BC Aboriginal Entrepreneurs: A Growing Force - BC
Aboriginal Small Business Profile (2003) Aboriginal Business
Service Network – BC and Aboriginal Network Statistics
Canada.
community
economic
development.
A notable trend in Aboriginal entrepreneurship is high growth
for self-employed Aboriginal women that is double the national
rate. Aboriginal small business owners are generally younger
with youth who are almost 2 ½ times more likely to be
entrepreneurs. To some degree, this reflects the younger age
distribution and population growth rates which are 3 times the
national average5.
Royal Commission Report on Aboriginal Peoples. The RCAP forecasts that from 1991-2016 the aboriginal
population will rise 52%, compared to 22% for the non-aboriginal population.
5
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Chapter 6: Aboriginal Services
Research Guidelines for First Nations
It is important to know who your clients are and it is
recommended that each Community Futures undertake
research that will provide some insight into the history,
traditions and culture of the community. It is recommended
that the research includes both qualitative and quantitative data
that recognizes that the oral history of the community as
provided through the Elders should superseded that of written
history, which was predominantly written by non-native
archaeologists and researchers whose writings frequently do not
include ethnographic research. The Research Guidelines are as
follows:
•
Traditional territory. Most First Nations will have a clear
statement of what their traditional territory is.
•
Language Groupings that provides an understanding of the
peoples, overlapping territories and inter-relationships that
are still respected by Aboriginal people today. See
Appendix F: Aboriginal Matrix.
•
Literature. Ask the Aboriginal community which writings
they would recommend. Many works are not accurate.
•
Contact Person. Ask the identified contact person who to
speak to in order to learn more about the people. Often it
will be a cultural coordinator who will share information
that is deemed public information since Elders, who are the
traditional knowledge keepers of Aboriginal history,
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 66 of 116
teachings are primarily for the benefit of the community
and its members.
Currently there are two types of Aboriginal organizations who
serve all Aboriginal peoples throughout the province and who
provide services and support that could support and enhance
the services of Community Futures in BC, Aboriginal Business
Development Organizations and Aboriginal Human Resource
Development Agreement Holders (AHRDA’s).
Aboriginal Business Development Organizations
Aboriginal service delivery organizations originated out of a
need to provide support to the growth and development of
Aboriginal business development to achieve greater equality
between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal business owners.
Aboriginal business development organizations do not provide
lending, but provide enhanced service to Aboriginal small
business clients through support, advocacy and referrals.
Recognizing the fact that small business is a critical component
to the development of local and regional economies Aboriginal
enterprise facilitation is a key strategy in building the economy
of BC and Canada.
Page 67 of 116
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
AHRDA’s
An AHRDA (Aboriginal Human Resource Development
Agreement) holder is an Aboriginal agency or organization who
has entered into an agreement with Service Canada to develop
and deliver employment and self-employment skills training for
Aboriginal peoples, wherever they may be – on reserve, or in
rural or urban areas.
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC)
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) is responsible for
two separate yet equally important mandates: Indian and Inuit
Affairs and Northern Affairs. This broad mandate is derived
largely from the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern
Development Act, the Indian Act, territorial acts and legal
obligations arising from section 91(24) of the Constitution Act,
1867; however, the department is responsible for administering
over 50 statutes in total. Consequently, INAC’s mandate is
complex and its responsibilities encompass a broad range of
services.
In general, INAC has primary but not exclusive, responsibility
for meeting the federal government’s constitutional, treaty,
political and legal responsibilities to First Nations, Inuit and
Northerners. The primary role of the department of Indian and
Inuit Affairs is to support First Nations and Inuit in developing
healthy, sustainable communities and in achieving their
economic and social aspirations. INAC negotiates
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 68 of 116
comprehensive and specific land claims and self-government
agreements on behalf of the federal government, oversees
implementation of settlements and promotes economic
development.
Additionally, INAC is responsible for delivering provincial-like
services such as education, community economic development,
housing, and community infrastructure to Status Indians on
reserve, and for delivering social assistance and social support
services to residents on reserve with the goal of ensuring access
to services comparable to those available to other Canadian
residents. Furthermore, INAC is responsible for delivering
programs that support Aboriginal entrepreneurs such as
Aboriginal Business Canada.
The vast majority of these programs and services are delivered
in partnership with First Nations, who directly administer 85
percent of Indian and Inuit Affairs Program funds. As such, it is
recommended that when your Community Futures is working
with Aboriginal clients to access INAC programs or services,
that the Aboriginal client approach INAC directly, rather than
the Community Futures acting as a liaison for the Aboriginal
client.
For more information about INAC programs and services
available to Aboriginal clients please visit their website at
http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/index_e.html
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Aboriginal Matrix
The following Aboriginal Matrix is intended to provide a
broader understanding of the fact that the service area
boundaries of the Community Futures in BC are
superimposed atop traditional territories that are tens of
thousands of years old, which originate with language
groupings. It is important to understand the cultural
overlap of traditional boundaries and the cultural
diversity, practices, beliefs and dynamics of the Aboriginal
communities served. For more information on local
Aboriginal history and the continuing impact today
Community Futures are recommended to request
consultation with the Cultural Coordinator and or Elder,
through the “How to Engage with a Community” process
outlined earlier in this document.
Map source: ABSN BC Website www.firstbusiness.ca
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 70 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of 16/37
Page 71 of 116
Contact Information
Address: #204 - 4630
Lazelle Avenue Terrace,
B.C. V8G 1S6
Tel: 250-635-5449
Toll Free: 1-800-663-6396
Fax: 250-635-2698
Email: [email protected]
Website:
www.1637cfdc.bc.ca
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Gitksan, a Tsimshianic
language
Nisga'a, a Tsimshianic
language Coast
Tsimshian, a Tsimshianic
language
Haisla, a member of the
Northern subgroup of the
Wakashan Tahltan and the
Witsuwit'en dialect of the
Babine-Witsuwit'en language,
both belonging to the
Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit
language family.
First Nations, Aboriginal organizations/agencies
(operating within First Nation traditional
territories).
Gitxsan (Giksan-Nass)
Gitanmaax Band Council, Hazelton
Gitanyow Band Council, Kitwanga
Gitsegukla Indian Band, South Hazelton
Gitwangak Band Council, Kitwanga
Glen Vowell Indian Band, Hazelton
Hagwilget Village Council, New Hazelton
Kispiox Band Council, Hazelton
Gitxsan Government Commission, Hazelton
Gitxsan & Wet’suwet’en Economic Dev Corp, Hazelton
Gitxsan Hereditary Chiefs, Hazelton
Gitanyow Hereditary Chiefs, Kitwanga
Tsimshian
Kitselas Indian Band, Terrace
Kitsumkalum Band, Terrace
Wet'suwet'en (Western Carrier)
Kitamaat Village Council (Haisla Nation), Kitamaat Village
Moricetown Band Administration, Moricetown
Nisga’a
Gingolx Village Government, Kincolith
Laxgals’ap Village Government, Greenville
Gitwinksihlkw Village Government, Gitwinksihlkw
New Aiyansh Village Government, New Aiyansh
Nisga’a Lisims Government, New Aiyansh
Terrace Nisga’a Society, Terrace
Tahltan
Iskut First Nations, Iskut
Tahltan Band Council, Telegraph Creek
Tahltan Development Corporation, Telegraph Creek
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Kaska Dene
Dease River First Nation, Good Hope Lake
Daylu Dene First Nation, Lower Post
Tlingit
Taku River Tlingit First Nation, Atlin
Other
Tribal Resources Investment Corporation, Prince Rupert
Northwest Tribal Treaty Nations, Terrace
Northwest Métis Association, Terrace
Skeena Native Development Society, Terrace
Kermode Friendship Society, Terrace
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
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Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Boundary Area
Contact
Information
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
(i) Greenwood Address: Okanagan, a Salishan language
245 South Copper
Street
P.O. Box 459
Greenwood, B.C. V0H
1J0
Tel: 250-445-6618
Fax: 250-445-6765
(ii) Grand Forks
Address:
1647 Central Avenue
P.O. Box 2949
Grand Forks, B.C. V0H
1H0
Tel: 250-442-2722
Fax: 250-442-5311
Email:
[email protected]
Web site: http:
www.boundaryCf.com
Community Futures
of Cariboo-Chilcotin
Page 73 of 116
Address:
266 Oliver Street
Williams Lake, B.C.
V2G 1M1
Tel: 250-392-3626
Toll Free No.: 1-888879-5399
Fax: 250-392-4813
Secwepmectsin (Shuswap), a
Salishan language, and
Chilcotin, an AthabaskanEyak-Tlingit language
Blackwater dialect group of the
Carrier language,
Heiltsuk, a Northern
Wakashan
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Okanagan
Lower Similkameen Indian Band, Keremeos
Osoyoos Indian Band, Oliver
Penticton Indian Band, Penticton
Spallumcheen Indian Band, Enderby
Upper Similkameen Indian Band, Keremeos
Okanagan Nation Alliance, Westbank
Okanagan Training & Development Council, Kelowna
Osoyoos Indian Band ARHDA, Osoyoos
Boundary Local Métis Association, Grand Forks
All Nations Trust Company, Kamloops
Bella Bella Business Service Centre, Bella Bella
Bella Bella Community Development Society, Waglisla
Cariboo Chilcotin Aboriginal Training Education Centre,
Williams Lake
Cariboo Friendship Society Williams Lake
Dene Development Corporation, Williams Lake
Secwepmectsin
Adams Lake Indian Band, Chase
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Email:
[email protected]
Web Site:
www.cfdccariboo.com
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Bonaparte Indian Band, Cache Creek
High Bar First Nation, Clinton
Kamloops Indian Band, Kamloops
Little Shuswap Lake Band, Chase
Neskonlith Indian Band, Chase
Shuswap Indian Band, Invermere
Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Kamloops
Skeetchestn Indian Band, Savona
Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band Kamloops
Chilcotin
Alexandria Indian Band Quesnel
Alexis Creek First Nation, Chilanko Forks
Anaham Indian Band, Alexis Creek
Canim Lake Band, 100 Mile House
Canoe Creek Indian Band, Dog Creek
Cariboo/Chilcotin Tribal Council, Williams Lake
Carrier Chilcotin Tribal Council, Williams Lake
Esketemc First Nation, Williams Lake
Kluskus Indian Band (Lhoosk'uz Dene Gov't
Administration), Quesnel
Soda Creek Indian Band, Williams Lake
Stone Indian Band, Hanceville
Tl'etinqox-t'in Government Office , Alexis Creek
Toosey Indian Band, Riske Creek
Ulkatcho First Nations, Anahim Lake
Heiltsuk
Heiltsuk Nation, Waglisla
Williams Lake Indian Band, Williams Lake
Xats'ull First Nation, Williams Lake
Métis
Cariboo Chilcotin Métis Association, Williams Lake
Page 74 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Central Interior
First Nations
Page 75 of 116
Contact
Information
Address:
#215 - 345 Yellowhead
Highway
Kamloops, BC
V2H 1H1
Tel: 250-828-9833
Fax: 250-828-9972
Email:
[email protected]
Web Site:
www.cfofcifn.com
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Shuswap,
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson),
St'at'imx (Lillooet), Salishan
languages
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Central Interior Partners in Aboriginal Human Resource
Development, Kamloops
Conayt Friendship Centre, Merritt, BC
Dene Development Corporation, Williams Lake
Lillooet Friendship Centre, Lillooet
Lillooet Tribal Council, Lillooet
Shuswap
Adams Lake Indian Band, Chase
Bonaparte Indian Band Cache Creek
Cariboo Friendship Society Williams Lake
High Bar First Nation, Clinton
Kamloops Indian Band, Kamloops
Little Shuswap Lake Band, Chase
Neskonlith Indian Band, Chase
Shuswap Indian Band, Invermere
Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Kamloops
Skeetchestn Indian Band, Savona
Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band Kamloops
Williams Lake Indian Band, Williams Lake
Xats'ull First Nation, Williams Lake
Nlaka’pamux
Ashcroft Indian Band, Ashcroft
Boothroyd Indian Band, Boston Bar
Boston Bar First Nation, Boston Bar
Coldwater Indian Band, Merritt
Cook's Ferry Indian Band, Spences Bridge
Fraser Canyon Tribal Administration, Lytton
Kanaka Bar Band, Lytton
Lower Nicola Indian Band, Merritt
Lytton First Nation, Lytton
Nicola Tribal Association, Merritt
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Nicomen Indian Band, Lytton
Nlaka'pamux Nation Tribal Council, Lytton
Nooaitch Indian Band, Merritt
North Thompson Indian Band, Barriere
Oregon Jack Creek Band, Ashcroft
Shackan Indian Band, Lower Nicola
Siska Indian Band, Lytton
Skuppah Indian Band, Lytton
Spuzzum First Nation, Yale
Tsilhqot'in National Government, Williams Lake
St’at’imx
Bridge River Indian Band, Lillooet
Cayoose Creek Band, Lillooet
Fountain Band, Lillooet
Lillooet Tribal Council, Lillooet
Mount Currie Band Council, Mount Currie
Samahquam First Nation, Mount Currie
Seton Lake Band, Shalath
Skatin First Nation, Mount Currie
T'it'q'et Administration, Lillooet
Ts'kw'aylaxw First Nation, Cache Creek
Xaxli'p First Nation, Lillooet
Métis
Merritt District Métis Association, Merritt
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 76 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Central Island
Page 77 of 116
Contact
Information
Address:
420 Albert Street
Nanaimo, B.C.
V9R 2V7
Tel: 250-753-6414
Toll-free No.: 1-877753-6414
Fax: 250-753-0722
Email:
[email protected]
Website:
www.cfnanaimo.org
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Island dialect of Halkomelem,
a Salishan language
Kwakw'ala, a Wakashan
language.
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Namgis First Nation Employment & Training, Alert Bay
North Vancouver Island Aboriginal Training Society,
Campbell River
Tillicum Lelum Aboriginal Friendship Centre, Nanaimo
Victoria Native Friendship Centre, Victoria
Wachley Friendship Centre Society, Courtenay
Halkomelem
Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group, Ladysmith
Nanoose First Nation, Lantzville
Qualicum First Nation, Qualicum Beach
Snaw-Naw-As Treaty Office, Lantzville
Snuneymuxw First Nation, Nanaimo
Kwakw'ala
Da'naxda'xw First Nation, Alert Bay
Gwa'sala-Nakwaxda'xw Nation, Port Hardy
Gwawaenuk Tribe, Port McNeill
Hamatla Treaty Society, Campbell River
Homalco Indian Band, Campbell River
Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group, Ladysmith
Kwakiutl Band Council, Port Hardy
Kwakiutl District Council, Port Hardy
Kwiakah Indian Band, Campbell River
Kwicksutaineuk/Ah-Kwaw-Ah-Mish Tribes, Simoon Sound
Mamalilikulla-Qwe'Qwa'Sot'Enox Band, Campbell River
Musgamagw Tsawataineuk Tribal Council, Alert Bay
Namgis First Nation, Alert Bay
Nanoose First Nation, Lantzville
Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Councils Aboriginal Management
Society, Campbell River
Qualicum First Nation, Qualicum Beach
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Community Futures
of Central Kootenay
Address:
#201 - 514 Street
Nelson, B.C.
V1L 4E7
Tel:250-352-1933
Fax: 250-352-5926
Email:
[email protected]
Web Site:
www.futures.bc.ca
Okanagan, a Salishan language
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Quatsino First Nation, Coal Harbour
Snaw-Naw-As Treaty Office, Lantzville
Snuneymuxw First Nation, Nanaimo
Tlatlasikwala Band, Port Hardy
Tlowitsis-Mumtagila First Nation, Campbell River
Tsawataineuk Indian Band, Kingcome Inlet
We Wai Kai First Nation (Cape Mudge Band), Quathiaski
Cove
We Wai Kum First Nation (Campbell River Indian Band),
Campbell River
Whe-La-La-U Area Council, Alert Bay
Winalaglis Treaty Group, Alert Bay
Métis
Council for the Cultural Preservation of the Métis Peoples,
Namaimo
Métis Commission for Children and Family Services, Victoria
Métis Community Services, Victoria
Métis Nation of Greater Victoria, Victoria
Mid-Island Métis Nation, Nanaimo
South Island Métis Nation, Victoria
Ktunaxa-Kinbasket Employment Service Dept., Cranbrook
Lower Columbia River All First Nations Council
Employment, Castlegar
Okanagan:
Penticton Indian Band, Penticton
Osoyoos Indian Band, Oliver
Okanagan Nation Alliance
,Westbank
Ktunaxa
Akisqnuk First Nation, Windermere, BC
Ktunaxa-Kinbasket Tribal Council, Cranbrook
Lower Kootenay Indian Band, Creston
Page 78 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Central Okanagan
Community Futures
of Fraser Fort George
Page 79 of 116
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Contact
Information
Address:
Landmark Technology
Centre
#110-1632 Dickson
Avenue
Kelowna, B.C.
V1Y 7T2
Tel: 250-868-2132
Fax: 250-868-2173
Email:
[email protected]
Website:
www.cfdcco.bc.ca
Address:
1566 - 7th Avenue, B.C.
V2L 3P4
Tel: 250-562-9622
Toll Free: 1-800-6612055
Fax: 250-562-9119
Email:
[email protected]
Website:
www.cfdc.bc.ca
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Okanagan, a Salishan language
Okanagan:
Westbank First Nation, Kelowna
Okanagan Nation Alliance, Westbank
Métis
Kelowna Métis Association, Kelowna
Okanagan Métis Children & Family Services, Kelowna
Other:
Ki-Low-Na Friendship Society, Kelowna
Okanagan Training & Development Council, Kelowna
Lheidli dialect of Carrier, an
Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit
language. However, speakers of
many other languages are to be
found in Prince George
Sekani language, which
belongs to the AthabaskanEyak-Tlingit language family.
Aboriginal Business Development Centre, Prince George
Burns Lake Development Corporation, Burns Lake
Prince George Native Friendship Centre, Prince George
Prince George/Nechako Aboriginal Business Development
Centre, Prince George
Métis
Fort George Métis Association, Prince George
Nechako Métis Elders Council, Prince George
New Caledonia Métis Association, Fort St. James
Prince George Métis Elders Society, Prince George
Prince George Métis Housing Society, Prince George
Region 5 Métis Association, Price George
Three Valley Métis Society, Valemount
Lheidli:
Lheidli-T'enneh Band Prince George
Sekani
Burns Lake Indian Band, Burns Lake
Carrier Sekani Tribal Council, Prince George
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Community Futures Address:
Community Futures Of
of Greater Trail
Greater Trail
2nd Floor, RDKB
843 Rossland Avenue
Trail, BC V1R 4S8
Tel: (250) 364-2595
Fax: 250-364-2728
Email:
info@communityfuture
s.com
Web Site:
www.communityfutures
.com
Address:
Haida Gwaii
Community Futures P.O. Box 40
1730 Hodges Avenue
Masset, B.C.
V0T 1M0
Tel: 250-626-5594
Toll-Free: 1-888-3285594
Fax: 250-626-5693
Email:
[email protected]
Website:
www.haidagwaiifutures
.ca
Okanagan, Salishan language
and Kootenai, an isolate
language.
Haida, an isolate
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Nadleh Whut'en Band, Fort Fraser
Nak'azdli Indian Band, Fort St. James
Saik'uz First Nation, Vanderhoof
Stellat'en First Nation, Fraser Lake
Takla Lake First Nation, Fort St James
Tl'azt'en Nation, Fort St. James
Wet'suwet'en First Nation, Burns Lake
Ktunaxa-Kinbasket Employment Service Dept., Cranbrook
Okanagan:
Lower Similkameen Indian Band, Keremeos
Upper Similkameen Indian Band, Keremeos
Osoyoos Indian Band, Oliver
Spallumcheen Indian Band, Enderby
Okanagan Nation Alliance, Westbank
Kootenai (Kutanaxa)
Akisqnuk First Nation, Windermere, BC
Ktunaxa-Kinbasket Tribal Council, Cranbrook
Lower Kootenay Indian Band, Creston
St. Mary's Indian Band, Cranbrook
Tobacco Plains Indian Band, Grasmere
Haida
Council of the Haida Nation, Masset & Queen Charlotte City
Old Massett Village Council, Masset
Skidegate Band Council, Skidegate, BC
Page 80 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Howe Sound
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Contact
Information
Address:
P.O. Box 2539
37760 Second Avenue
Squamish, B.C.
V0N 3G0
Tel: 604 892-5467
Fax: 604 892-5227
Email:
[email protected]
Web site:
www.cfdchs.com
St'át'imcets (Lillooet), a
Salishan language
Squamish, a Salishan language
Community Futures
Address:
of Mount Waddington P.O. Box 458
#8 - 311 Hemlock Street
Port McNeill, B.C.
V0N 2R0
Tel: 250-956-2220
Fax: 250-956-2221
Email:
[email protected]
Web site:
www.cfdcmw.ca
Page 81 of 116
Kwakw'ala, a Wakashan
language South Tsimshian, a
nearly extinct Tsimshianic
language
Kwakw'ala, a
Wakashan language
Nuuchanulth, a Wakashan
language
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Musqueam Indian Band, Vancouver
Mount Currie Band Council, Mount Currie
Tsleil-Waututh First Nation (Burrard Band), North
Vancouver
Squamish Nation, North Vancouver Circle of Eagles Lodge
Society, Vancouver
First Nations Employment & Enterprise Centre, Vancouver
Lil'wat Regional Business Service Centre, Pemberton
Squamish Nation Revenue and Business Services, North
Vancouver
Tale’awtxw Aboriginal Capital Corporation, West
Métis
Métis Nation of BC, Vancouver
Vancouver Métis Community Association, Vancouver
VARIOUS
“Namgis First Nation Employment & Training, Alert Bay
Kwakw'ala
Da’naxda'xw First Nation, Alert Bay
Gwa'sala-Nakwaxda'xw Nation, Port Hardy
Gwawaenuk Tribe, Port McNeill
Hamatla Treaty Society, Campbell River
Homalco Indian Band, Campbell River
Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group, Ladysmith
Kwakiutl Band Council, Port Hardy
Kwakiutl District Council, Port Hardy
Kwiakah Indian Band, Campbell River
Kwicksutaineuk/Ah-Kwaw-Ah-Mish Tribes, Simoon Sound
Lantzville
Mamalilikulla-Qwe'Qwa'Sot'Enox Band, Campbell River
Musgamagw Tsawataineuk Tribal Council, Alert Bay
Namgis First Nation, Alert Bay
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Nanoose First Nation,
Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Councils Aboriginal Management
Society, Campbell River
Qualicum First Nation, Qualicum Beach
Quatsino First Nation, Coal Harbour
Snaw-Naw-As Treaty Office, Lantzville
Snuneymuxw First Nation, Nanaimo
Tlatlasikwala Band, Port Hardy
Tlowitsis-Mumtagila First Nation, Campbell River
Tsawataineuk Indian Band, Kingcome Inlet
We Wai Kai First Nation (Cape Mudge Band), Quathiaski
Cove
We Wai Kum First Nation (Campbell River Indian Band),
Campbell River
Whe-La-La-U Area Council, Alert Bay
Winalaglis Treaty Group, Alert Bay
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 82 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Nadina
Page 83 of 116
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Contact
Information
Address:
P.O. Box 236
Houston Mall 2nd Floor
3232 Highway 16
Houston, B.C.
V0J 1Z0
Tel: 250-845-2522
Toll Free: 1-800-5565539
Fax: 250-845-2528
Email:
generalmail@cfnadina.
ca
Website:
www.cfdcnadina.ca
The Witsuwit'en dialect of, an
Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit
language Witsuwit'en dialect of
Babine-Witsuwit'en, an
Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit
language
Fraser/Nechako dialect group
of Carrier, an AthabaskanEyak-Tlingit language
Cheslatta dialect Carrier
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Burns Lake Native Development Corporation, Burns Lake
Dze L K’ant Friendship Centre, Smithers
Houston Friendship Centre Society, Houston
Wet'suwet'en (Western Carrier)
Cheslatta Carrier Nation, Burns Lake, BC
Heiltsuk Nation, Waglisla
Kitamaat Village Council (Haisla Nation), Kitamaat Village
Kwadacha Band, Prince George
Lake Babine Nation, Burns Lake
Lheidli-T'enneh Band, Prince George
Lhoosk'uz Dene Government Administration, Quesnel
Lhtako Dene Nation (Red Bluff Indian Band), Quesnel
Moricetown Band Administration, Moricetown
Nee Tahi Buhn Band, Burns Lake, BC
Skin Tyee Band, Southbank
Tsay Keh Dene Band, Prince George
Yekooche First Nation, Fort St. James
Fraser/Nechako/Carrier
Burns Lake Native Development Corporation, Burns Lake
Cheslatta Carrier Nation, Burns Lake, BC
Heiltsuk Nation, Waglisla
Kitamaat Village Council (Haisla Nation), Kitamaat Village
Kwadacha Band, Prince George
Lake Babine Nation, Burns Lake
Lheidli-T'enneh Band, Prince George
Lhoosk'uz Dene Government Administration, Quesnel
Lhtako Dene Nation (Red Bluff Indian Band), Quesnel
Moricetown Band Administration, Moricetown
Nee Tahi Buhn Band, Burns Lake, BC
Skin Tyee Band, Southbank
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Tsay Keh Dene Band, Prince George
Yekooche First Nation, Fort St. James
Métis
Fort George Métis Association, Prince George
Region 5 Métis Association, Prince George
Tri-River Métis Association, Smithers
Community Futures
of Nicola Valley
Address:
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson), a
P.O. Box 159
Salishan language
2099 Quilchena Avenue
Merritt, B.C.
V1K 1B8
Tel: 250-378-3923
Fax: 250-378-3924
Email:
[email protected]
a
Web Site:
www.cfnicolavalley.ca
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Conayt Friendship Society, Merritt
Nlaka’pamux
Ashcroft Indian Band, Ashcroft Tribal Council
Boothroyd Indian Band, Boston Bar
Boston Bar First Nation, Boston Bar
Coldwater Indian Band, Merritt
Cook's Ferry Indian Band,
Spences Bridge
Fraser Canyon Tribal Administration, Lytton
Kanaka Bar Band, Lytton
Lower Nicola Indian Band, Merritt
Nicola Tribal Association, Merritt
Nicomen Indian Band, Lytton,
Nlaka'pamux Nation Tribal Council, Lytton
Nooaitch Indian Band, Merritt
North Thompson Indian Band Barriere
Oregon Jack Creek Band, Ashcroft
Shackan Indian Band, Lower Nicola
Siska Indian Band, Lytton
Skuppah Indian Band, Lytton
Spuzzum First Nation, Yale
Tsilhqot'in National Government, Williams Lake, BC
Métis
Merritt District Métis Association, Merritt
Page 84 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Contact
Information
Community Futures
of North Cariboo
Address:
679 Highway 97 South,
Quesnel, B.C.
V2J 4C7
Tel: 250-747-1212
Toll Free: 1-877-747(2332)
Fax: 250-747-1270
Email:
[email protected]
Web Address:
www.cfquesnel.com
Community Futures
of North Fraser
Address:
32386 Fletcher Ave.
Mission, B.C.
V2V 5T1
Tel: 604-826-6252
Toll Free No.: 1-888826-6252
Page 85 of 116
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Aboriginal Business Development Centre, Prince George
Prince George/Nechako Aboriginal Employment & Training
Assoc., Prince George
Quesnel Tillicum Society, Quesnel
Carrier
Burns Lake Native Development Corporation, Burns Lake
Cheslatta Carrier Nation, Burns Lake, BC
Heiltsuk Nation, Waglisla
Kitamaat Village Council (Haisla Nation), Kitamaat Village
Kwadacha Band, Prince George
Lake Babine Nation, Burns Lake
Lheidli-T'enneh Band, Prince George
Lhoosk'uz Dene Government Administration, Quesnel
Lhtako Dene Nation (Red Bluff Indian Band), Quesnel
Moricetown Band Administration, Moricetown
Nee Tahi Buhn Band, Burns Lake, BC
Skin Tyee Band, Southbank
Tsay Keh Dene Band, Prince George
Yekooche First Nation, Fort St. James
Métis
Fort George Métis Association, Prince George
North Cariboo Métis Association, Quesnel
Region 5 Métis Association, Prince George
Upriver dialect of Halkomelem, Mission Indian Friendship Centre Society, Mission
a Salishan language
Sto:lo Nation Human Resources Development, Chilliwack
Tale’awtxw Aboriginal Capital Corporation, West Vancouver
Halkomelem
Aitchelitz Band, Chilliwack
Chawathil First Nation, Hope
Cheam Indian Band, Rosedale
Carrier, an Athabaskan-EyakTlingit language
Blackwater dialect group of
Carrier, an Athabaskan-EyakTlingit language. It is closely
related to Lhtakoh (Red Bluff)
and Lhoosk'us (Kluskus).
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Fax: 604-826-0052
Email:
[email protected]
Website:
www.northfraser.org
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Chehalis Indian Band, Agassiz
Douglas First Nations, Mission
Kwantlen First Nation, Fort Langley
Kwaw-kwaw-a-pilt First Nation, Chilliwack
Lakahahmen First Nation, Deroche
Leq' a: mel First Nation, Deroche
Matsqui First Nation, Matsqui
Peters Band, Hope
Popkum Band, Chilliwack
Scowlitz First Nation, Lake Errock
Seabird Island Band, Agassiz
Shxw'ow'hamel First Nation, Hope
Skawahlook First Nation, Agassiz
Skowkale First Nation, Sardis
Skwah First Nation, Chilliwack
Skway First Nation, Chilliwack
Soowahlie First Nation, Cultus Lake
Squiala First Nation, Chilliwack
Sto:lo Nation Government House, Chilliwack
Sumas First Nation, Abbotsford
Tzeachten First Nation, Chilliwack
Union Bar Indian Band, Hope
Yakweakwioose, Chilliwack
Yale First Nation, Hope
Métis
Fraser Valley Métis Association, Abbotsford
Métis Employment & Training, Abbotsford
Page 86 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Contact
Information
Community Futures Address:
of Okanagan#102 - 3115 Skaha Lake
Similkameen
Rd.
Penticton, B.C.
V2A 6G5
Tel: 250-493-2566
Toll Free: 1-877-4935566
Fax: 250-493-7966
Email:
[email protected]
Web Site:
www.cfdcokanagan.com
Community Futures Dawson Creek Address:
of Peace River 904-102nd Avenue
Liard
Dawson Creek, BC
VIG 2B7
Tel: 250-782-8748
Toll Free: 1-877-2965888
Fax: 250-782-8770
Email:
info@communityfutures.
biz
Website:
www.communityfutures.
biz
Page 87 of 116
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Okanagan, a Salishan language
OoknaKne Friendship Centre, Penticton
Osoyoos Indian Band AHRDA, Osoyoos
Okanagan
Penticton Indian Band, Penticton
Okanagan Nation Alliance, Westbank
Métis
Métis Heritage & Cultural Council, Penticton
Slave, Dunne-za (Beaver), an
Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit
language and Cree, an
Algonquian language
Fort Nelson Aboriginal Friendship Centre, Fort Nelson
Fort Nelson Aboriginal Friendship Centre, Fort Nelson
Nawican Friendship Centre, Dawson Creek
North East Native Advancing Society, Fort St John
Region 7 Education, Employment and Training Services,
Dawson Creek
Tansi Friendship Centre Society, Chetwynd
Slave
Blueberry River First Nations, Buick
Doig River First Nation, Rose Prairie
Fort Nelson First Nation, Fort Nelson
Halfway River First Nation, Wonowon
Prophet River Band, Fort Nelson
Saulteau First Nations, Moberly Lake
Tsekani First Nation (McLeod Lake Indian Band), McLeod
Lake
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Community Futures Address:
Comox/Sliammon, a Salishan
of Powell River
4717 Marine Avenue, 2nd language
Region
Floor
Powell River, B.C.
V8A 2L2
Tel: 604-485-7901
Fax: 604-485-4897
Email:
[email protected]
Web site:
www.cfdcpowellriver.com
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
West Moberly First Nations, Moberly Lake
Fort St John Métis Society, Fort St John
Mile “0” Métis Society, Dawson Creek
Moccasin Flat’s Métis Society, Chetwynd
Northern Lynx Métis Association, Chetwynd
Northern Rockies Métis Society, Fort Nelson
Pouce Coupe Metis Association, Dawson Creek
Region 7 Métis Employment & Training, Fort St. John
Sikkani-Liard Metis Association, Fort Nelson
Sliammon ARHDA, Powell River
Comox/Sliammon
Komox Nation (Comox Indian Band), Courtenay
Sliammon First Nation, Sliammon
Page 88 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Revelstoke
Page 89 of 116
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Contact
Information
Address:
P.O. Box 2398
#204 Campbell Avenue
Revelstoke, B.C.
V0E 2S0
Tel: 250-837-5345
Fax: 250-837-4223
Email:
[email protected]
Web Site:
www.revelstokecc.bc.ca
Shuswap and Okanagan
Salishan languages and
Kootenai, an isolate Kootenai
language.
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Cariboo Chilcotin Aboriginal Training Education Centre,
Williams Lake
Cariboo Friendship Society Williams Lake
Central Interior Partners in Aboriginal Human Resource
Development, Kamloops
Dene Development Corporation, Development corporation
First Nations Friendship Centre, Vernon
Interior Indian Friendship Centre, Kamloops
Kootenay Aboriginal Business Advocates Society, Cranbrook
Kootenay Aboriginal Business Advocates Society, Cranbrook
Ktunaxa Kinbasket Aboriginal Training Council, Cranbrook
Ktunaxa-Kinbasket Employment Service Dept., Cranbrook
Shuswap
Adams Lake Indian Band, Chase
Bonaparte Indian Band Cache Creek
High Bar First Nation, Clinton
Kamloops Indian Band, Kamloops
Little Shuswap Lake Band, Chase
Kootenay Aboriginal Business Advocates Society, Cranbrook
Neskonlith Indian Band, Chase
Shuswap Indian Band, Invermere
Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Kamloops
Skeetchestn Indian Band, Savona
Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band Kamloops
Williams Lake Indian Band, Williams Lake
Xats'ull First Nation, Williams Lake
Okanagan
Okanagan Indian Band, Vernon
Okanagan Nation Alliance, Westbank
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Community Futures
of Shuswap
Address:
Shuswap, a Salishan language
P.O. Box 1930
#101, 160 Harbourfront
Drive N
Salmon Arm, BC
V1E 4P9
Tel: 250-803-0156
Fax: 250-803-0157
Email:
[email protected]
m
Web site:
www.futureshuswap.co
m
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Upper Nicola Band, Merritt
Akisqnuk First Nation, Windermere
Lower Kootenay Indian Band, Creston
St. Mary's Indian Band, Cranbrook
Tobacco Plains Indian Band, Grasmere
Region 3 Métis Association, Kamloops
Region 4 Kootenay Region Métis Association, Cranbrook
Cariboo Chilcotin Aboriginal Training Education Centre,
Williams Lake
Cariboo Friendship Society Williams Lake
Central Interior Partners in Aboriginal Human Resource
Development, Kamloops
Dene Development Corporation, Williams Lake
Shuswap
Adams Lake Indian Band, Chase
Bonaparte Indian Band Cache Creek
High Bar First Nation, Clinton
Kamloops Indian Band, Kamloops
Little Shuswap Lake Band, Chase
Neskonlith Indian Band, Chase
Shuswap Indian Band, Invermere
Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Kamloops
Skeetchestn Indian Band, Savona
Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band Kamloops
Williams Lake Indian Band, Williams Lake
Xats'ull First Nation, Williams Lake
Métis
Salmon Arm Métis Association, Salmon Arm
Page 90 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of South Fraser
Page 91 of 116
Contact
Information
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Address:
#100 - 32383 South
Fraser Way
Abbotsford, B.C.
V2T 1W7
Upriver dialect of Halkomelem, Community Futures of Sto:lo, Chilliwack
a Salishan language
Sto:lo Nation Human Resources Development, Chilliwack
Tale’awtxw Aboriginal Capital Corporation, West Vancouver
Halkomelem
Aitchelitz Band, Chilliwack
Chawathil First Nation, Hope
Tel: 604-864-5770
Cheam Indian Band, Rosedale
Toll-free No.: 1Chehalis Indian Band, Agassiz
87STARTBIZ or 1-877Douglas First Nations, Mission
827-8249
Kwantlen First Nation, Fort Langley
Fax: (604) 864-5769
Kwaw-kwaw-a-pilt First Nation, Chilliwack
E-mail:
Lakahahmen First Nation, Deroche
Leq' a: mel First Nation, Deroche
[email protected]
m
Matsqui First Nation, Matsqui
Web Site:
Peters Band, Hope
www.southfraser.com
Popkum Band, Chilliwack
Scowlitz First Nation, Lake Errock
Seabird Island Band, Agassiz
Shxw'ow'hamel First Nation, Hope
Skawahlook First Nation, Agassiz
Skowkale First Nation, Sardis
Skwah First Nation, Chilliwack
Skway First Nation, Chilliwack
Soowahlie First Nation, Cultus Lake
Squiala First Nation, Chilliwack
Sumas First Nation, Abbotsford
Tzeachten First Nation, Chilliwack
Union Bar Indian Band, Hope
Yakweakwioose, Chilliwack
Yale First Nation, Hope
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Community Futures
of Sto:lo
Address:
Unit 29 - 6014 Vedder
Road
Chilliwack, B.C.
V2R 5M4
Tel: 604-858-0009
Fax: 604-858-3829
Email:
[email protected]
Web Site:
www.stolocf.com
Upriver dialect of
Halq'eméylem, a Salishan
language
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Sto:lo Nation Employment Services, Chilliwack
North Fraser Community Futures Self Employment Program
Tale’awtxw Aboriginal Capital Corporation, West Vancouver
Sto:lo Tourism Commission
Aboriginal Business Canada
Halkomelem
Aitchelitz Band, Chilliwack
Chawathil First Nation, Hope
Cheam Indian Band, Rosedale
Chehalis Indian Band, Agassiz
Kwantlen First Nation, Fort Langley
Kwaw-kwaw-a-pilt First Nation, Chilliwack
Leq' a: mel First Nation, Deroche
Matsqui First Nation, Matsqui
Peters Band, Hope
Popkum Band, Chilliwack
Scowlitz First Nation, Lake Errock
Seabird Island First Nation, Agassiz
Skawahlook First Nation, Agassiz
Skowkale First Nation, Sardis
Skwah First Nation, Chilliwack
Shxwha:y First Nation, Chilliwack
Soowahlie First Nation, Cultus Lake
Squiala First Nation, Chilliwack
Sumas First Nation, Abbotsford
Tzeachten First Nation, Chilliwack
Union Bar Indian Band, Hope
Yakweakwioose, Chilliwack
Yale First Nation, Hope
Sto:lo Tribal Council
Métis:
North Fraser Métis Association
Waceya Métis Society
Chilliwack Métis Association
Page 92 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Strathcona
Page 93 of 116
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Contact
Information
Address:
P.O. Box 160
900 Alder Street
West Wing
Campbell River, BC
V9W 5A7
Tel: (250) 830-0999
extension 260
Toll Free: 1-877-3382775 extension 260
Fax: 250-830-1189
Email: [email protected]
Web Site:
www.communityfutures
-strathcona.com
Kwakw'ala, a Wakashan
language and
Comox/Sliammon, a Salishan
language
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
North Vancouver Island Aboriginal Training Society,
Campbell River
Nuu-chah-nulth Economic Development Corporation, Port
Alberni
Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Councils Aboriginal Management
Society, Campbell River
Rainbow Spirit Employment Development, Victoria
‘Namgis First Nation Employment and Training, Alert Bay
Kwakw'ala
Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group, Ladysmith
Nanoose First Nation, Lantzville
Snaw-Naw-As Treaty Office, Lantzville
Snuneymuxw First Nation, Nanaimo
Qualicum First Nation, Qualicum Beach
Da'naxda'xw First Nation, Alert Bay
Gwa'sala-Nakwaxda'xw Nation, Port Hardy
Gwawaenuk Tribe, Port McNeill
Hamatla Treaty Society, Campbell River
Homalco Indian Band, Campbell River
Kwakiutl Band Council, Port Hardy
Kwakiutl District Council, Port Hardy
Kwiakah Indian Band, Campbell River
Kwicksutaineuk/Ah-Kwaw-Ah-Mish Tribes, Simoon Sound
Mamalilikulla-Qwe'Qwa'Sot'Enox Band, Campbell River
Musgamagw Tsawataineuk Tribal Council, Alert Bay
Namgis First Nation, Alert Bay
Quatsino First Nation, Coal Harbour
Tlatlasikwala Band, Port Hardy
Tlowitsis-Mumtagila First Nation, Campbell River
Tsawataineuk Indian Band, Kingcome Inlet
We Wai Kai First Nation (Cape Mudge Band), Quathiaski
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Cove
We Wai Kum First Nation (Campbell River Indian Band),
Campbell River
Whe-La-La-U Area Council, Alert Bay
Winalaglis Treaty Group, Alert Bay
Comox/Sliammon
Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group, Ladysmith
Nanoose First Nation, Lantzville
Snaw-Naw-As Treaty Office, Lantzville
Snuneymuxw First Nation, Nanaimo
Qualicum First Nation, Qualicum Beach
Da'naxda'xw First Nation, Alert Bay
Gwa'sala-Nakwaxda'xw Nation, Port Hardy
Gwawaenuk Tribe, Port McNeill
Hamatla Treaty Society, Campbell River
Homalco Indian Band, Campbell River
Kwakiutl Band Council, Port Hardy
Kwakiutl District Council, Port Hardy
Kwiakah Indian Band, Campbell River
Kwicksutaineuk/Ah-Kwaw-Ah-Mish Tribes, Simoon Sound
Mamalilikulla-Qwe'Qwa'Sot'Enox Band, Campbell River
Musgamagw Tsawataineuk Tribal Council, Alert Bay
Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Councils Aboriginal Management
Society, Campbell River
Quatsino First Nation, Coal Harbour
Tlatlasikwala Band, Port Hardy
Tlowitsis-Mumtagila First Nation, Campbell River
Tsawataineuk Indian Band, Kingcome Inlet
We Wai Kai First Nation (Cape Mudge Band), Quathiaski
Cove
We Wai Kum First Nation (Campbell River Indian Band),
Campbell River
Whe-La-La-U Area Council, Alert Bay
Winalaglis Treaty Group, Alert Bay
Mid-Island Métis Nation, Nanaimo
North Island Métis Nation, Campbell River
Region 3 Métis Association, Victoria
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 94 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Stuart-Nechako
Page 95 of 116
Contact
Information
Address:
P.O. Box 1078
2750 Burrard Avenue
Vanderhoof, B.C.
V0J 3A0
Tel: 250-567-5219
Toll Free: 1-800-2660611
Fax: 250-567-5224
Email:
[email protected]
Web site: www.cfsn.ca
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Fraser/Nechako dialect and
Babine dialect of the BabineWitsuwit'en language, group of
the Carrier language, which
belongs to the AthabaskanEyak-Tlingit language family
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Aboriginal Business Development Centre, Prince George
Burns Lake Native Development Corporation, Burns Lake
Fort St John Friendship Society, Fort St John
North East Native Advancing Society, Fort St John
Prince George/Nechako Aboriginal Employment & Training
Assoc., Prince George
Region #7 ARHDA, Fort St. John
Witsuwit’en (Babine dialect)
Cheslatta Carrier Nation, Burns Lake, BC
Heiltsuk Nation, Waglisla
Kitamaat Village Council (Haisla Nation), Kitamaat Village
Kwadacha Band, Prince George
Lake Babine Nation, Burns Lake
Lheidli-T'enneh Band, Prince George
Lhoosk'uz Dene Government Administration, Quesnel
Lhtako Dene Nation (Red Bluff Indian Band), Quesnel
Moricetown Band Administration, Moricetown
Nee Tahi Buhn Band, Burns Lake, BC
Skin Tyee Band, Southbank
Tsay Keh Dene Band, Prince George
Yekooche First Nation,
Fraser/Nechako, Babine
Lake Babine First Nation, Burns Lake
Fraser/Nechako/Carrier
Burns Lake Native Development Corporation, Burns Lake
Cheslatta Carrier Nation, Burns Lake, BC
Heiltsuk Nation, Waglisla
Kitamaat Village Council (Haisla Nation), Kitamaat Village
Kwadacha Band, Prince George
Lake Babine Nation, Burns Lake
Lheidli-T'enneh Band, Prince George
Lhoosk'uz Dene Government Administration, Quesnel
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Lhtako Dene Nation (Red Bluff Indian Band), Quesnel
Moricetown Band Administration, Moricetown
Nee Tahi Buhn Band, Burns Lake, BC
Skin Tyee Band, Southbank
Tsay Keh Dene Band, Prince George
Yekooche First Nation, Fort St. James
Métis
Fort George Métis Association, Prince George
Fort St John Métis Society, Fort St John
Region 5 Métis Association, Prince George
Region 7 Métis Employment & Training, Fort St. John
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 96 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of Sun Country
Page 97 of 116
Contact
Information
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Address:
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson),
P.O. Box 1480
Shuswap and St'at'imx
310 Railway Ave.
(Lillooet) Salishan languages
Ashcroft, B.C.
V0K 1A0
Tel: 250-453-9165
Toll Free No.: 1-800567-9911
Fax: 250-453-9500
General E-mail:
vision@community
futuressuncountry.bc.ca
Website:
www.cfdcsuncountry.bc
.ca
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Conayt Friendship Centre, Merritt
Lil’wat Regional Business Centre, Pemberton
Lillooet Tribal Council, Lillooet
Lillooet Friendship Centre Society, Lillooet
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson)
Ashcroft Indian Band, Ashcroft
Boothroyd Indian Band, Boston Bar
Boston Bar First Nation, Boston B
Coldwater Indian Band, Merritt
Cook's Ferry Indian Band, Spences Bridge
Fraser Canyon Tribal Administration, Lytton
Kanaka Bar Band, Lytton
Lower Nicola Indian Band, Merritt
Lytton First Nation, Lytton
Nicola Tribal Association, Merritt
Nicomen Indian Band, Lytton
Nlaka'pamux Nation Tribal Council, Lytton
Nooaitch Indian Band, Merritt
North Thompson Indian Band, Barriere
Oregon Jack Creek Band, Ashcroft
Shackan Indian Band, Lower Nicola
Siska Indian Band, Lytton
Skuppah Indian Band, Lytton
Spuzzum First Nation, Yale
Tsilhqot'in National Government, Williams Lake
Shuswap
Adams Lake Indian Band, Chase
Bonaparte Indian Band, Cache Creek
Cariboo Friendship Society, Williams Lake
High Bar First Nation, Clinton
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Kamloops Indian Band, Kamloops
Little Shuswap Lake Band, Chase
Neskonlith Indian Band, Chase
Shuswap Indian Band, Invermere
Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Kamloops
Skeetchestn Indian Band, Savona
Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band Kamloops
Williams Lake Indian Band, Williams Lake
Xats'ull First Nation, Williams Lake
St'at'imx (Lillooet) Salishan
Bridge River Indian Band, Lillooet
Cayoose Creek Band, Lillooet
Fountain Band, Lillooet
Lillooet Friendship Centre, Lillooet
Lillooet Tribal Council, Lillooet
Lil'wat Regional Business Service Centre, Pemberton
Mount Currie Band Council, Mount Currie
Samahquam First Nation, Mount Currie
Seton Lake Band, Shalath
Skatin First Nation, Mount Currie
T'it'q'et Administration, Lillooet
Ts'kw'aylaxw First Nation, Cache Creek
Xaxli'p First Nation, Lillooet
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 98 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Contact
Information
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Community Futures
of The North
Okanagan
Address:
#302 - 3105 - 33rd
Street
Vernon, B.C.
V1T 9P7
Tel: 250-545-2215
Fax: 250-545-6447
Email:
[email protected]
Web site:
www.futuresbc.com
Shuswap, a Salishan language
Community Futures
of the Pacific
Northwest
Address:
Suite 200, 515 Third
Ave.West, Prince
Rupert V8J 1L9
Tel: 250-622-2332
Toll Free: 1-877-6228288
Fax: 250-622-2334
Email:
[email protected]
Coast Tsimshiann, a
Tsimshianic language
Page 99 of 116
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
First Nations Friendship Centre, Vernon
Okanagan
Okanagan Indian Band, Vernon
Okanagan Nation Alliance, Westbank
Shuswap
Adams Lake Indian Band, Chase
Bonaparte Indian Band Cache Creek
Cariboo Friendship Society Williams Lake
High Bar First Nation, Clinton
Kamloops Indian Band, Kamloops
Little Shuswap Lake Band, Chase
Neskonlith Indian Band, Chase
Shuswap Indian Band, Invermere
Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Kamloops
Skeetchestn Indian Band, Savona
Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band Kamloops
Williams Lake Indian Band, Williams Lake
Xats'ull First Nation, Williams Lake
Métis
Vernon District Métis Association
Friendship House Association of Prince Rupert, Prince
Rupert
Kermode Friendship Centre, Terrace
Skeena Native Development Society, Terrace
Tribal Resources Investment Corporation, Prince Rupert
Tsimshiann
Hartley Bay Village Council, Hartley Bay
Kitasoo Band Council, Klemtu
Kitkatla First Nation, Kitkatla
Kitselas Indian Band, Terrace
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Web site: www.cfdcpnw.com
Community Futures
of The South East
Region of B.C.
Address:
Kootenai, an isolate and
110A Slater Road N.W. St'at'imx (Lillooet), a Salishan
, BC
language
V1C 5C8
Tel: 250-489-4356
Toll Free: 1-800-6612293
Fax: 250-489-1886
Email:
[email protected]
et
Website:
www.keytoyourfuture.n
et
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Kitsumkalum Band, Terrace
Lax-Kw'alaams Indian Band, Port Simpson
Metlakatla Band, Prince Rupert
Tsimshian Tribal Council, Prince Rupert, BC
Allied Tsimshian Tribes Association, Lax Kw Alaams
Métis
Northwest Métis Association, Prince Rupert
Region 6 Métis Employment & Training Services, Terrace
Kootenay Aboriginal Business Advocates Society, Cranbrook
Kootenay Aboriginal Business Advocates Society, Cranbrook
Ktunaxa Kinbasket Aboriginal Training Council, Cranbrook
Ktunaxa-Kinbasket Employment Service Dept., Cranbrook
Kootenai
Akisqnuk First Nation, Windermere
Ktunaxa-Kinbasket Tribal Council, Cranbrook
Lower Kootenay Indian Band, Creston
St. Mary's Indian Band, Cranbrook
Tobacco Plains Indian Band, Grasmere
St'at'imx (Lillooet)
Bridge River Indian Band, Lillooet
Cayoose Creek Band, Lillooet
Fountain Band, Lillooet
Lillooet Friendship Centre, Lillooet
Lillooet Tribal Council, Lillooet
Mount Currie Band Council, Mount Currie
Samahquam First Nation, Mount Currie
Seton Lake Band, Shalath
Skatin First Nation, Mount Currie
T'it'q'et Administration, Lillooet
Ts'kw'aylaxw First Nation, Cache Creek
Xaxli'p First Nation, Lillooet
Métis
Kootenay Region Métis Association, Cranbrook
Region 4 Kootenay Region Métis Association, Cranbrook
Page 100 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Community Futures
of the Sunshine Coast
Page 101 of 116
Contact
Information
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Address:
Sechelt, a Salishan language
P.O. Box 128
#205 - 5710 Teredo
Street
Sechelt, B.C.
V0N 3A0
Tel: 604-885-1959
Toll Free: 1-877-8862332
Fax: 604-885-2707
Email:
info@communityfuture
s.org
Website:
www.communityfutures
.org
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
First Nations Employment & Enterprise Centre, Vancouver
Sechelt ARHDA, Sechelt
Tale’awtxw Aboriginal Capital Corporation, West Vancouver
Sechelt
Sechelt Indian Band, Sechelt
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Community Futures
Address:
Secwepemc (Shuswap), a
of Thompson Country 101-286 St. Paul Street Salishan language
Kamloops, B.C.
V2C 6G4
Tel: 250-828-8772
Toll Free: 1-877-3352950
Fax: 250-828-6861
Email:
info@communityfuture
s.net
Web site:
www.communityfutures
.net
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
All Nations Trust Corp, Kamloops
Central Interior Partners in Aboriginal Human Resource
Development, Kamloops
Secwepemc (Shuswap)
Adams Lake Indian Band, Chase
Bonaparte Indian Band Cache Creek
Cariboo Friendship Society Williams Lake
High Bar First Nation, Clinton
Kamloops Indian Band, Kamloops
Little Shuswap Lake Band, Chase
Neskonlith Indian Band, Chase
Shuswap Indian Band, Invermere
Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Kamloops
Skeetchestn Indian Band, Savona
Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band Kamloops
Williams Lake Indian Band, Williams Lake
Xats'ull First Nation, Williams Lake
Métis
Interior Métis Child & Family services, Kamloops
Two Rivers Métis Association, Kamloops
Page 102 of 116
Community
Futures
Development
Corporations
Contact
Information
FutureCorp Cowichan Address:
FutureCorp Cowichan
135 Third Street
Duncan, B.C.
V9L 1R9
Tel: 250-746-1004
Fax: 250-746-8819
Email:
[email protected]
Web Site:
www.futurecorp.ca
Page 103 of 116
Aboriginal Language
Groupings
(demonstrating
Aboriginal cultural
diversity in the region)
Nuuchanulth and Ditidaht
(Nitinaht) Wakashan
languages
First Nations, Aboriginal
organizations/agencies (operating within First
Nation traditional territories).
Coast Salish Employment & Training Society, Duncan
Hilye’yu Lelum (House of Friendship) Society, Duncan
Nuu-chah-nulth Economic Development Corporation, Port
Alberni
Nuu-chah-nulth
Ahousaht First Nation, Ahousaht
Ehattesaht First Nation, Zeballos
Hesquiaht First Nation, Tofino
Hupacasath First Nation, Port Alberni
Huu-ay-aht First Nations, Bamfield
Ka:'yu:'k't'h'/Che:k:tles7et'h' First Nations, Kyuquot
Mowachaht/Muchalaht First Nations, Gold River
Nuchatlaht, Zeballos
Tla-o-qui-aht First Nation,
Tofino
Toquaht First Nation,
Ucluelet
Tseshaht First Nation, Port Alberni
Uchucklesaht Peoples' Government With a Territory, Port
Alberni
Ucluelet First Nation, Ucluelet
Ditidaht
Ditidaht First Nation, Port Alberni
Beecher Bay Band, Sooke
Chemainus First Nation, Ladysmith
Esquimalt First Nation, Victoria
Lake Cowichan First Nation, Victoria
Klahoose First Nation, Cortes Island
Pauquachin First Nation, Sidney
Scia'new First Nation, Sooke
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Nuu Chah Nulth
Economic
Development
Corporation
Address:
P.O. Box 1384
7563 Pacific Rim
Highway
Port Alberni, B.C.
V9Y 7M2
Nuuchanulth a Wakashan
language
Tel: 250-724-3131
Fax: 250-724-9967
Email: [email protected]
Web Site:
www.nedc.info
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Songhees First Nation, Victoria
Tsartlip First Nation, Brentwood Bay
Tsawout First Nation, Saanichton
Tseycum First Nation, North Saanich
T'Sou-ke Nation, Sooke
Métis
Cowichan Valley Métis Association, Duncan
Region 1 Vancouver Island Regional Métis Management
Association
Nuu-chah-nulth Economic Development Corporation, Port
Alberni
Port Alberni Friendship Centre, Port Alberni
Nuuchanulth
Ahousaht First Nation, Ahousaht
Ehattesaht First Nation, Zeballos
Hesquiaht First Nation, Tofino
Hupacasath First Nation, Port Alberni
Huu-ay-aht First Nations, Bamfield
Ka:'yu:'k't'h'/Che:k:tles7et'h' First Nations, Kyuquot
Mowachaht/Muchalaht First Nations, Gold River
Nuchatlaht, Zeballos
Tla-o-qui-aht First Nation,
Tofino
Toquaht First Nation,
Ucluelet
Tseshaht First Nation, Port Alberni
Uchucklesaht Peoples' Government With a Territory, Port
Alberni
Ucluelet First Nation, Ucluelet
Métis
Alberni Clayoquot Métis Association, Port Alberni
Port Alberni Metis Nation, Port Alberni
Page 104 of 116
Chapter 7: Templates
Letter of Introduction to First Nations Chief and
Council
The following is a sample body of a letter that would be the
second step in Aboriginal community engagement, specifically
with a First Nation who is governed by Chief and Council:
(Letterhead)
(Date)
(Name of First Nation)
Attn: (Name of Band Administrator/ Manager and appropriate
title)
Re: Request to Present to Chief and Council
We are writing to respectfully request a time on the agenda for the
next Chief and Council meeting in order to provide a presentation and
discuss if and how we can assist the (insert Nation) in fostering
entrepreneurship through business loans, business counseling, and
develop business training for new and existing businesses.
The business loans we can offer your community members include the
Entrepreneurs with Disabilities Program, Loans Program, One Stop
Page 105 of 116
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Business Registration, Western Youth Entrepreneur Program and
Growthstart Program. Training that we can offer to build capacity for
your members to start their own businesses includes the SelfEmployment Program, Self -Employment Program for B.C. Benefits
and Employment Services Program.
Finally, we can offer support to your Community Economic
Development through a number of programs or assist in seeking
funding support to undertake specific community economic
development activity.
The (insert Nation) plays an important role in the economic
development of our community and we would like to support your
goals and aspirations in community development.
Respectfully,
(Manager’s Signature, Name and Title)
Incl. (include any corporate marketing material possible)
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 106 of 116
Template BCR provided by the Community Futures of
the Central Interior First Nation
SAMPLE BCR
SAMPLE BCR
B.C.R. No:
Motioned:
_______________
_______________
Seconded:
_______________
WHEREAS: “JANE DOE”
a“
” Band member (hereinafter
called “The Applicant”) has applied to Community Futures Development
Corporation of Central Interior First Nations (hereinafter called “CFDC of
CIFN”) for financing to provide assistance with the establishment of a
business.
AND WHEREAS: CFDC of CIFN requires free and unobstructed access to
the applicants assets which are located on reserves (hereinafter called “The
Reserve”) and that are pledged and designated by the Applicant to secure
financing from CFDC of CIFN;
AND WHEREAS: Section 30 of the Indian Act state a person who
trespasses on a Reserve is guilty of an offence;
AND WHEREAS: The Applicant has requested The “
” Band
to permit CFDC of CIFN, its Directors, employees, agents, representatives
or advisors to enter the Reserve of “
” Band to
inspect the project and projects assets; and/or to examine any records
relevant to the project; and to have access to the projects designated
assets;
AND WHEREAS: The Band members have elected the following persons
as Chief and Council at the last election:
Chief:
Councillor:
Councillor:
Councillor:
Councillor:
Councillor:
Councillor:
Councillor:
Councillor:
Councillor:
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
AND WHEREAS: This request has received the consent of the “
” Band Council as was passed by formal motion at a duly convened
Band Council meeting held on ____________, 2004.
NOW THEREFORE WE DO HEREBY RESOLVE AND AGREE: To permit
CFDC OF CIFN, its Directors, employees, agents, representatives, or
advisors to enter the Reserve to inspect the project and the projects assets;
Page 107 of 116
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
and/or to examine any records relevant the project; and to have access to
the projects designated assets;
THAT WE DO HEREBY AGREE that the said inspections and
examinations and access may take place as deemed necessary by CFDC
of CIFN provided that the access granted to CFDC of CIFN employees
there under shall not be abused or used for purposed other than those
required by CFDC OF CIFN to manage/administer the financing in
accordance with the terms and conditions of any agreements entered into
between CFDC OF CIFN and the Applicant;
THAT in making these resolutions the Band Council is not assuming
responsibility either on the Band Council’s or the Band’s behalf for any
debts, liabilities or obligations now or hereafter owed or due by the
Applicant to CFDC OF CIFN; or debts, liabilities or obligations that may be
claimed by CFDC OF CIFN against the Band;
THAT We the “
” Band Council do hereby agree not to
revoke this authority as long as payment to CFDC OF CIFN of all debts and
liabilities, present or future, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, mature
or not, at any time remain owing by the Applicant to CFDC OF CIFN or
unpaid by the Applicant to CFDC OF CIFN.
_________________________
Chief
____________________
Councillor
____________________
Councillor
____________________
Councillor
____________________
Councillor
____________________
Councillor
____________________
Councillor
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 108 of 116
Chapter 8: Terminology
Aboriginal
The term "Aboriginal" is appropriate when referring to matters that affect
First Nations (Indian) and Métis peoples. The word is most appropriately
used as an adjective (e.g., Aboriginal person).
Aboriginal BEST
The Aboriginal Business and Entrepreneurship Skills Training (Aboriginal
Program
BEST) is a youth small business training program supported by the BC
Ministry of Aboriginal Relations and Reconciliation and the Department of
Western Diversification. The BEST program delivers 12 regional sessions
for Aboriginal youth 18-35 years of age, coordinated through one consultant
for three consecutive years.
AES refers to the Aboriginal Engagement Strategy, which is the name of the
Aboriginal
project that resulted in this the Aboriginal toolkit, funded by WD and
Engagement
delivered by the Community Futures of British Columbia.
Strategy (AES)
Aboriginal Strategy The ASC is the committee established that provides direction and oversees
Committee
AES.
Aboriginal Peoples Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 recognizes three groups of
Aboriginal peoples -- Indians, Métis and Inuit peoples.
AFI’s/ ACC’s
Over the past two decades, Aboriginal Business Canada and the Aboriginal
business community have worked together to address the shortage of
available credit to finance Aboriginal small business development. As a
result, a network of loan corporations, structured as non-governmental
financial institutions were created, initially capitalized by Industry Canada,
but owned and controlled by Aboriginal people. These "Aboriginal Capital
Corporations" (ACC’s) allow for services to be provided which take into
account different local market conditions and economic environments.
ACC’s concentrate on providing developmental loans, i.e., loans to
enterprises that are not yet ready to successfully secure business loans from
banks. Some ACC’s also provide business services, and have diversified their
operations to be able to house External Delivery Services for Aboriginal
Business Canada.
AFI has become the umbrella term for the ACC’s and Aboriginal Financing
Institutions.
Aboriginal rights
Rights that some Aboriginal peoples of Canada hold as a result of their
ancestors' long-standing use and occupancy of the land, e.g., to hunt, trap
and fish on ancestral lands. Legally, the existence of specific Aboriginal
rights is determined on a case-by-case basis.
Aboriginal selfGovernments designed, established and administered by Aboriginal
government
peoples.
Aboriginal title
A legal term that recognizes Aboriginal interest in the land. It is based on a
long-standing use and occupancy of the land as descendants of the original
inhabitants of Canada.
Band
As defined by the Indian Act, a Band is a body of Indians for whose common
use and benefit lands have been set aside or monies held by the Government
of Canada or declared by the Governor in Council to be a Band. Today,
many Bands prefer to be known as First Nations.
Page 109 of 116
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Band Membership
Band Chief
Band Council
Chief and Council
Band Manager /
Administrator
BCR (Band
Council
Resolution)
Comprehensive
Claims
Consensus
Decision-making
Constitution Act
(B.N.A. Act), 1867
Custom
DIAND
Elder(s)
First Nation(s)
First Nation
Council
Hereditary Chief
What an individual Indian has when he or she is a recognized member of a
Band and whose name appears on an approved Band List. Where a Band
has adopted its own membership code, it may define who has a right to
membership in the Band, so being a status Indian is not necessarily
synonymous with being a Band member. Status Indians who are not Band
members are listed in the General List.
The leader of the local Band and Band Council. The Chief is elected by
eligible voters of the Band, or by the councillors according to the regulations
of the Indian Act.
Governing or administrative body of a Band, elected according to
procedures laid out in the Indian Act. They may either be an elected or
custom council under the Act. The councillors are elected by eligible
members and serve a two-year term.
Refers to the collective governing authority of a Band
Under the general direction of Council, the First Nation Administrator
provides overall leadership for the implementation and delivery of
programs and services for the benefit of the membership and community.
A Band Council Resolution is a The authority mechanism by which the
elected representatives of a Band Council authorize an action that is the
equivalent to a municipal by-law.
Source: Real Property Lexicon Working Group (2001.01.23)
Comprehensive claims are based on the recognition that there are
continuing Aboriginal rights to lands and natural resources where
Aboriginal title has not previously been dealt with by treaty and other legal
means. The claims are called "comprehensive" because of their wide scope
such as land title, fishing and trapping rights and financial compensation.
Refers to the traditional decision-making style and decision-making process
of Aboriginal and other indigenous peoples as it relates to fundamental
community affairs.
Section 91(24) of the Act states that legislative authority for "Indians, and
Lands Reserved for the Indians" rests with the federal government.
A traditional Aboriginal practice.
The Department of Indian Affairs & Northern Development (DIAND) is also
known as Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. See INAC.
Aboriginal persons who are respected and consulted due to their
experience, wisdom, knowledge, background and insight. Elder does not
necessarily equate with age.
A term that came into common usage in the 1970s to replace the word
"Indian". Although the term First Nation is widely used, no legal definition
of it exists. The term has also been adopted to replace the word "Band" in
the naming of communities.
See Band Council.
Chiefs who generally inherit rank and title through their mothers. In most
communities the candidate for the chief's name and responsibility had to
first show genuine skilled leadership. A chief could also lose his authority
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Tool kit
Page 110 of 116
House
Indian
Indian Act
Indian Band
Indian Reserve
INAC
Indian status
Indigenous
Inherent Right of
Self-government
Inuit
Land Claims
Métis
Nation
Native
Non-status Indian
Off-reserve
Page 111 of 116
and influence if he did not responsibly perform the duties of leadership.
Extended family or household of a hereditary chief in the ranked societies,
often living in the same long or bighouse.
The term "Indian" is narrowly defined by the Indian Act. Indian peoples are
one of three groups of people recognized as one of Canada's Aboriginal
peoples in the Constitution Act, 1982. There are three legal definitions that
apply to Indians in Canada: Status Indians, Non-status Indians and Treaty
Indians.
This is the Canadian federal legislation, first passed in 1876, that sets out
certain federal government obligations, and regulates the management of
Indian reserve lands. The Act has been amended several times, most
recently in 1985 (see Bill C-31).
See Band.
Lands owned by the Crown, and held in trust for the use and benefit of an
Indian Band, for which they were set apart. The legal title to Indian reserve
land is vested in the federal government.
Indian & Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) is the federal government
department responsible for the administration of "Indians and lands
reserved for Indians." Also known as DIAND.
An individual's legal status as an Indian, as defined by the Indian Act.
Generally used in the international context, "indigenous" refers to peoples
who are original to a particular territory. This term is very similar to
Aboriginal and has a positive connotation.
Derived from Aboriginal peoples' use and occupation of certain lands from
time immemorial.
An Aboriginal people in northern Canada, who traditionally lived above the
tree line. The word means "people" in the Inuit language - Inuktitut. The
singular of Inuit is Inuk.
In 1973, the federal government recognized two broad classes of claims -comprehensive and specific (see comprehensive claim and specific claim).
The term refers to Aboriginal people of mixed First Nation and European
ancestry who identify themselves as Métis people, as distinct from First
Nations people, Inuit or non-Aboriginal people. The Métis have a unique
culture that draws on their diverse ancestral origins, such as Scottish,
French, Ojibway and Cree.
A sizeable body of Aboriginal People with a shared sense of national identity
that constitutes the predominant population in a certain territory or
collection of territories.
A term used to refer generally to Aboriginal peoples. The term "Aboriginal
person" is preferred to "native".
An Indian person who is not registered as an Indian under the Indian Act.
This may be because his or her ancestors were never registered, or because
he or she lost Indian status under former provisions of the Indian Act. Bill
C-31 in 1985 has restored Indian status to those who lost it through
marriage.
A term used to describe people, services or objects that are not part of a
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Oral history
Reserve
Potlatch
Gathering
Pow-Wow
Royal
Proclamation of
1763
Self-government
Shortfall
Specific Claims
Status Indian
(Registered
Indian)
Talking Stick /
Feather / Stone
Treaty
Treaty Indian
Treaty Land
Entitlement (TLE)
reserve, but relate to First Nations.
Evidence taken from the spoken words of people who have knowledge of
past events and traditions.
Land set aside by the federal government for the use and occupancy of an
Indian group or Band. Legal title rests with the Crown in right of Canada.
A potlatch ceremony is a ceremonial feast among west coast First Nations
Peoples usually held in celebration or recognition of an important event
among the people. Potlatches involved the giving away of gifts to guests by
the host or hosts of the event. Like many other traditional spiritual and
ceremonial practices of First Nations people across Canada, the Indian Act
of 1876 outlawed the potlatch ceremony. This law was later repealed when
the Indian Act was revised in 1951.
A gathering is a community event that celebrates or commemorates births,
marriages, celebrations or memorials.
A powwow is a gathering of First Nations people to socialize, dance, sing,
and share entertainment. Traditionally, Plains First Nations peoples
organized powwows as general gatherings of socialization, celebration, and
entertainment, a practice that continues to the present day.
Enacted by the British Government to ensure that the interests of Indian
people and their lands were protected, and the Indian people were dealt
with fairly if that interest was extinguished.
Self-government is the ability of peoples to govern themselves according to
their values, cultures and traditions.
In Treaty Land Entitlement, "shortfall" is the amount of land that a First
Nation should have received when their reserve was first surveyed, but did
not. This is the minimum amount of land that entitlement First Nations
must acquire and have attain reserve status in order to satisfy Canada's
Treaty obligation.
Specific claims deal with specific grievances that First Nations may have
regarding the fulfilment of treaties and grievances relating to the
administration of First Nations' lands and assets under the Indian Act.
Refers to an Indian person who is registered (or entitled to be registered)
under the Indian Act. The Act sets out the requirements for determining
who is a status Indian.
The talking stick is commonly used in discussion when matters of great
concern are addressed. The group leader introduces the use of the talking
stick and his/her statements, while the remainder of the group must remain
silent. The stick is then passed to the left for the next person to speak.
Some nations use a talking feather or stone.
An agreement between First Nations and the Crown.
A person affiliated with a First Nation that has signed, or whose ancestors
signed, a treaty with the Crown and who now receives land rights and
entitlements as prescribed in a treaty.
Treaty Land Entitlement is a process where the federal and provincial
governments are fulfilling Treaty commitments of land made to First
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Treaty Rights
Tribal Council
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Nations.
Special rights to lands and entitlements that Indian people legally have as a
result of treaties; rights protected under section 35 of the Constitution Act,
1982.
An association of 5 or more First Nation (Band) Councils.
Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Chapter 9: Community Futures British
Columbia Aboriginal Strategy Committee
Purpose, Goals and Objectives
The purpose, goals and objectives of the Aboriginal Strategy
Committee (ASC) of Community Futures British Columbia is as
follows:
The Purpose of the ASC is to:
~ Share information and improve communication with
Community Futures related to Aboriginal Engagement
~ Identify and explore issues and opportunities pertaining to
Aboriginal Engagement in the Community Futures network
~ Assist the Community Futures British Columbia in
developing and implementing strategies to enhance
Aboriginal engagement in the Community Futures network
in BC.
~ Act as a liaison between the Community Futures British
Columbia and the Community Futures with respect to issues
relating to Aboriginal Engagement in the Community
Futures network
~ Engage in other activities related to Aboriginal
Engagement as determined by the Committee and/or
Community Futures of British Columbia Board of Directors
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The Goals and Objectives of the ASC are to:
~ Act as a liaison between the Community Futures of British
Columbia and the Community Futures in BC in the
collection of and distribution of information pertaining to
Aboriginal Engagement
~ Communicate and provide feedback to the Community
Futures British Columbia Board of Directors on the
Aboriginal Engagement needs of the Community Futures
network in BC
~ Formalize a link between the B.C. Community Futures
Network and other Aboriginal Engagement service
providers (and/or networks)
~ Identify and pursue Aboriginal Engagement opportunities
for the Community Futures Network and communicate
these opportunities to the Community Futures network and
Community Futures British Columbia Board of Directors
~ Continuously monitor and evaluate the Aboriginal
Engagement within the Community Futures network
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Community Futures Aboriginal Engagement Toolkit
Chapter 10: Bibliography
Jepsen, Dan, et al. Mineral Exploration, Mining and Aboriginal
Community Engagement: A Guidebook, BC & Yukon Chamber
of Mines Vancouver: 2005 Association for Mineral Exploration
British Columbia
Joseph, Bob. Working Effectively with Aboriginal People.
Indigenous Corporate Training
McBride, John. Rebuilding First Nations. Burnaby: CEDC SFU
The Power of Partnerships, New Opportunities for Aboriginal
Peoples and Ontario Businesses Ontario: 2001, Queens Printer
for Ontario
Union of BC Municipalities and the Lower Mainland Treaty
Advisory Committee Building Relations with First Nations.
Richmond: 2005
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