Name: _______________________________________ Period: ____ Date: ______________________________ English 2Honors Vocabulary List 3 (30 Words) The English language has its roots in several languages, including Greek, Latin, and older forms of English, German, and French. Learning to recognize common roots and affixes (prefixes and suffixes) will help you build your vocabulary and improve your ability to make educated guesses about unknown words you encounter in reading and testtaking situations. Good dictionaries will give you information about the origins of words. Vocabulary Word Part of Speech Dictionary Definition Student Friendly Definition Word Used in a Sentence Root Focus: ANTHROP—man (anthropology, philanthropy) 1. phil anthrop y n. 2. mis anthrop y n. 3. anthrop ology n. a desire to improve the material, social, and spiritual welfare of humanity, especially through charitable activities somebody who hates humanity, or who dislikes and distrusts other people and tends to avoid them the study of humankind in all its aspects, especially human culture or human development. It differs from sociology in taking a more historical and comparative approach. Philanthropy is the giving of money to people who need it, without wanting anything in return. A misanthrope is a person who does not like other people. Anthropology is the scientific study of people, society, and culture. The KEY club is a philanthropic organization that donates time to raise money for charitable causes. If you talk about the idiosyncrasies of someone or something you are referring to their rather unusual habits or characteristics. If you have an idiopathic disease, doctors cannot tell what caused it. An idiom is a group of words which have a different meaning when used together from the one they would have if you took the meaning of each word separately. An ideology is a set of beliefs, especially the political beliefs on which people, parties, or countries base their actions. Everyone has a few little idiosyncrasies , but I thought Emily’s peculiar habit of twirling her hair when she talked about the main character to be attractive. The doctor suggested that I resort to experimental medicine in order to try to cure my idiopathic disease. Proverbs and idioms such as you “let the cat out of the bag” or he “kicked the bucket” may become worn with overuse. Hating all humanity and scorning affection, Scrooge is famous for his misanthropy . An anthropologist who had been in China for three years, Lenox is about to be rewarded for his study of Chinese culture and tradition. Root Focus: IDEOS—one’s own (idiom) 4. idio syncrasy 5. idio pathic n. adj. 6. idio m n. 7. ideo logy n. a way of behaving, thinking, or feeling that is peculiar to an individual or group, especially an odd or unusual one describes a disease or disorder that has no known cause a fixed distinctive expression whose meaning cannot be deduced from the combined meanings of its actual words a closely organized system of beliefs, values, and ideas forming the basis of a social, economic, or political philosophy or program According to Nazi ideology racial struggle was the motive force of history. Root Focus: MICRO—small (microscope, micrometer, micron) 8. micro cosm n. a miniature copy of something, especially when it represents or stands for a larger whole 9. micro organism n. a tiny organism such as a virus, protozoan, or bacterium that can only be seen under a microscope 10. micro surgery n. delicate surgery using precision instruments 11. scrupulous adj. 1. Having moral integrity 2. being very precise A microcosm is a small society, place or activity which has all the typical features of a much larger one and so seems like a smaller version of it. A microorganism is a very small living thing which you can only see if you use a microscope. Microsurgery is a form of surgery where doctors repair or remove parts of the body that are so small that they can only be seen clearly using a microscope Kitchell says the city was a microcosm of all American culture during the ‘60s. 1. Someone who is scrupulous takes great care to do what is fair, honest, or morally right. 2. Scrupulous means thorough, exact, and careful about details. 1. I have been scrupulous about telling them the dangers of not wearing sunscreen. 2. Both readers commend Knutson for his scrupulous attention to detail. Some white blood cells can produce special chemicals called antibodies that destroy microorganisms . Certain disorders affecting the brain require a complicated microsurgery for operation. Name: _______________________________________ 12. bogus 13. bedlam Vocabulary Word 14. prolific Adj. n. Part of Speech adj. 15. complicity n. 16. detriment n. false, dishonest, or fraudulently imitating something a place or situation full of noise, frenzied activity, and confusion Dictionary Definition highly productive, abundant, or fruitful involvement with another in doing something illegal or wrong damage, harm, or disadvantage 17. devious adj. not straightforward, sincere, or honest about intentions or motives; not adhering to the right or usual course, procedures, or standards 18. farcical adj. resembling a farce in being ridiculous and confused 19. morose adj. having a withdrawn gloomy personality 20. melancholy 21. minion 22. surreptitious 23. stipend adj. or n. n. feeling or making somebody feel a thoughtful or gentle sadness a servile or slavish follower of somebody generally regarded as important adj. kept secret, quick, or quiet, especially because others would not approve n allowance; a fixed amount of money paid at intervals as a salary paying too much attention to rules or to small unimportant details 24. pedantic adj. 25. formidable adj. difficult to deal with or overcome; inspiring respect or wonder because of size, strength, or ability; causing fear, dread, or alarm 27. insolent adj. impolite and not showing respect 27. surfeit n. an excessive number or quantity of something, especially so much of it that people become sickened, repelled, or bored by it; overindulgence Period: ____ If you describe something bogus, you mean that it is not genuine. Bedlam means a great deal of noise and disorder. Student Friendly Definition A prolific writer, artist, composer, or athlete produces a large number of conquests or works. Complicity is involvement with other people in an illegal activity or plan. If something happens to the detriment of something or to a person’s detriment, it causes harm or damage to them. If you describe someone as devious you do not like them because you think they are dishonest and like to keep things secret, often, in a complicated way. If you describe a situation or event as farcical, you mean that it is so silly that you are unable to take it seriously. Someone who is morose is miserable, badtempered, and not willing to talk very much to other people. You describe something that you see or hear as melancholy when it gives you an intense feeling of sadness. If you refer to someone’s minions, you are referring to people who have to do what that person tells them to do, especially unimportant or boring tasks. If you are doing something surreptitiously, you are doing it secretly, trying to avoid notice. A stipend is a sum of money that is paid as a salary or for living expenses. To call someone or something pedantic is to be disapproving of their attention to minute details. If you describe something or someone as formidable, you mean that you feel slightly frightened by them because they are very great or impressive. An insolent attitude is one that is rude and arrogant and shows a lack of respect. A surfeit of something is an amount which is too large. Date: ______________________________ The company refused to honor the customer complaint, seeing right through the family’s bogus insurance claim. The crowd went absolutely mad. It was bedlam . Word Used in a Sentence She is a prolific writer of novels and short stories, and her work is known throughout England. Recently a number of policemen were sentenced to death for their c omplicity in the murder. Children spend too much time on schoolwork, to the detriment of other activities. These people have not changed their mindset has become more devious , their minions the more hungry for power. Nobody believed the verdict because it didn’t make sense. Rather, it was just a farcical nine moths’ jail sentence imposed yesterday on a killer. One elderly man sat morosely at the bar with a drink in one hand and a sad, miserable look on his face. That makes the film rather melancholy , although it's basically a romantic story. Obviously, the constituted minions of the law are doing little about people who steal things. The students carried out surreptitious cheating on the reading quiz when the teacher’s back was turned. The soccer coach receives an extra stipend aside from his salary for teaching the team after school. Many essays are too pedantic to hold a widespread appeal or to hold a reader’s attention. We have a formidable task ahead of us, but if we stick together, we should succeed! The student protested his tardy in an insolent tone of voice, which only served to anger the teacher further. Rationing had put an end to a surfeit of biscuits long ago. In fact, there was no longer a surplus of anything at all. Name: _______________________________________ 28. enfranchise 29. peremptory adj. 30. petulant adj. v. to give rights to a group of people (especially the right to vote) expecting to be obeyed and unwilling to tolerate disobedience,; communicating urgency, command, or instruction illtempered or sulky in a peevish manner Period: ____ Enfranchisement refers to giving the right to vote or, in older use, to free a slave. Someone that does something in a peremptory way does it in a way that shows that they expect to be obeyed immediately. Someone who is petulant is unreasonably angry and upset in a childish way. Date: ______________________________ Women were enfranchised in the United States in 1920. With a brief, almost peremptory gesture he pointed to a chair. His critics say he’s just being silly and petulant . They blame it on a history of getting what he wants.
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