HISTORY
The Making of a Global World
4
CHAPTER
Tips and Tricks
(vi) Indian Entrepreneurs Abroad
Shikaripuri Shroffs and Nattukottai Chettiars
in Central and SE Asia.
(vii) Indian Trade, Colonialism and the Global
System.
• The Inter-War Economy: Extreme rivalry
among industrial nations for acquiring colonies
led to the First World War (1914 – 1918).
(i) Wartime Transformations.
(ii) Post-War Recovery.
(iii) Rise of Mass Production and Consumption.
(iv) The Great Depression.
(v) India and the Great Depression.
• Rebuilding a World Economy: The Post-War
Era
(i) Post-War Settlements and the Bretton Woods
Institutions.
(ii) The Early Post-War Years.
(iii) Decolonisation and Independence.
(iv) End of Bretton Woods and the Beginning of
‘Globalisation’.
• Introduction: Globalisation means the integration of economy of a country with the economies
of other countries under different types of flows.
• The Pre Modern World: Global interconnectedness evolved through various stages:
(i) From ancient times interlinking of societies
was for knowledge, opportunities, spiritual
fulfilment or to escape persecution.
(ii) Silk routes link the world.
(iii) Food Travels: Spaghetti and Potato.
(iv) Conquest, Disease Trade.
• The Nineteenth Century (1815–1914): Many
changes took place in the 19th century. Economist
identify three types of flows i.e., flow of trade,
flow of labour and flow of capital.
(i) A World economy takes shape.
(ii) Role of technology.
(iii) Late nineteenth century colonialism.
(iv) Impact on Colonised Societies.
(v) Indentured Labour Migration from India.
Formative Assessment
6. Give example of any one exchange that took
place through the silk routes.
7. Which one discovery boosted this process of
exchange?
8. What strengthened the process?
ORAL QUESTIONS (Conversation Type)
1. What is Globalisation?
2. What led to Globalisation?
3. Did any form of exchange exist between
countries before Globalisation?
4. If so, what form of exchange existed between
countries?
5. Through which routes did these exchange take
place?
ORAL QUESTIONS
1. What do you understand by the term
Colonialism? Give example of a colony.
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THE MAKING OF A GLOBAL WORLD
2. Which nations sought to acquire colonies in the
early 19th century?
3. How did colonialism help these nations?
4. How did colonialism contribute to the process
of globalisation?
5. Give any one invention which made simple the
process of globalisation.
6. What do you think could be the result of greater
interconnectedness of economies of the world?
7. Give one example in support of your statement.
8. In which part of the world did Great Depression
begin?
9. What was the single most factor for the
occurrence on the Great Depression?
10. Give any one event in 1st half of the 20th
century that brought the world on the threshold
of other changes in the economy.
TRUE OR FALSE
1. All through history, human societies have
become steadily inter-linked.
2. Very few silk routes knitting regions of Asia
with Europe have been identified.
3. Food offers many examples of long distance
cultural exchange.
4. Buddhism spread from India in several
directions through other than silk routes.
5. Europe’s rich began to eat better and live longer
with the introduction of humble potato.
6. Before the discovery of sea route to India. Indian
Ocean had known a bustling trade.
7. In the 19th century poverty, hunger and deadly
diseases were common in Europe.
8. Rising importance of the America’s enabled
Europe to emerge as the centre of world trade.
9. Until the 15th century China and India were
among the world’s richest countries.
10. The pre-modern world shrank greatly in the
16th century after European sailors found a
sea route to Asia.
11. Goods and capital flows was more restricted
than labour migration.
12. Britains self-sufficiency in food meant lower
standards and social conflict.
13. After the Corn Laws were scrapped British
agriculture prospered.
14. The Canal colonies of Punjab were settled by
peasants from Bihar and Orissa.
15. Colonisation stimulated new investments and
improvements in transport.
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16. Till the 1870’s animals were shipped live from
America to Europe and slaughtered on arrival.
17. Better living conditions led to social tensions
within the country and support of imperialism
abroad.
18. Expansion of trade and closer relationship with
the world economy meant a loss of freedoms
and livelihoods.
19. Geographical explorations were driven by an
innocent search for scientific information.
20. Europeans were attracted to Africa due to slave
trade.
21. The world did not change profoundly in the 19th
century.
22. In the 19th century, thousands of Indians and
Chinese labourers went to work on plantations
and in mines around the world.
23. Employers used many methods to recruit and
retain labour.
24. Trade flourished and markets expanded in the
late eighteenth century.
25. Rinderpest arrived in Britain in the late 1880s.
26. In Africa inheritance laws were changed to
displace peasants from land.
27. Cultural fusion is a part of the making of the
global world.
28. While share of cotton textile export increased,
export of raw cotton decreased equally fast.
29. During the 19th century Britain had a trade
surplus with India.
30. The First World War was fought mainly in Asia.
31. During the war industries were restructured to
produce consumerist goods.
32. During the Second World War many more
civilians than soldiers died from war-related
causes.
33. In 1970’s MNC’s began to shift production
operations to low wage Asian countries.
34. Despite decolonisation for many years former
colonial powers controlled vital resources in
many of their former colonies.
35. The Depression proved more grim for urban
India than rural India.
QUIZ
1.
(i) Economic system that emerged since the
last 50 years.
(ii) Explorer who discovered the Americas.
(iii) Explorer who discovered the sea route to
India.
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NEW AGE CCE SOCIAL SCIENCE—X
(iv) European powers that first conquered and
colonised America.
(v) Once introduced it spread deeply into the
American continent, even before the
Europeans.
(vi) Those who refused to accept established
beliefs.
(vii) Asian power whose isolation contributed
to the shift in trade westwards.
(viii) Bretton Wood Twins.
(ix) Bonded labour under contract.
(x) Fabled city of gold.
(iv)
(v)
2. Identify what the pictures given under depict:
(i)
(vi)
(ii)
(vii)
(iii)
(viii)
THE MAKING OF A GLOBAL WORLD
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8. Crop grown in canal colonies (6).
10. New colonial power of the 19th century (7).
PUZZLE
Solve the Puzzle by filling the blank spaces with
the help of hints:
⇓ Vertically
1. Ancient Indian Civilisation (5, 6).
⇒ Horizontally
3. Food that helped poor live longer in Britain (6).
2. Example of pre modern trade (4, 5).
4. Powerful weapon of Spanish conquerors (5).
6. Ocean which was centre of bustling trade in
olden times (6).
5. New mode of transport (7).
7. Example of connected process (4).
9. Popular destination of European migrants (7).
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NOTES
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NEW AGE CCE SOCIAL SCIENCE—X
Assignments
Name: ......................................
Class: ....... Section: ....... Roll No.: .......
CLASS ASSIGNMENT 1
Grade: ....
Teacher’s sign.: .............
6. State any two modes of exchange of ideas and
goods in the ancient world.
Choose the correct answer:
1. Image of a ship on a memorial stone in Goa
Museum (10th century CE) indicates
(a) Artistic skill of Goans
(b) Knowledge of sea travel
(c) Use of boats
(d) Significance of oceanic trade
7. What were Corn Laws? Give any two effects of
British governments decision to abolish the Corn
Laws.
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2. Find the odd one
(a) Local inhabitants
(b) Pilgrims
(c) Travellers
(d) Traders
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Fill in the blank:
3. ........................ settlement allows one country’s
deficit with another country to be settled by its
surplus with a third country.
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Write True or False:
4. There were only few silk routes overland and
by sea that linked vast regions.
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8. Briefly describe the effect of Rinderpest in Africa
in the 1890s.
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5. State the three types of flows within international economic exchanges.
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