Austro-Prussian War or Seven Weeks War, June 15–Aug. 23, 1866
Austria
Prussia
Otto von Bismark (1815-1898)
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
In 1941 the Department of the Navy commissioned Dr. Cohn to develop a large-scale
process to separate albumin from human plasma, a process known as fractionation.
校
血 prepared
管 內 外in滲
壓 (Correct
osmotic
By the summer of 1941, pure human albumin
had正
been
the透
laboratory
of Edwin
J. Cohn at Harvard Medical School.
pressure)；
On December 8, 1941, the entire stockpile
human albumin at Harvard was seized by the
of 隔離血液成分：
government and flown to Honolulu, where it was
infused
into naval
personnel
Inhibits
pathologic
platelet
aggregationwho had
been severely burned during the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Enhances the inhibition of activated factor X by
antithrombin III
1942年5月27日，蒼龍號被美軍俯衝轟炸機三枚直
擊彈命中飛行甲板，定員1103名中有718名戰死。
Edwin Cohn, January 15, 2000
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
增進血液運輸能力
1945年2月21日薩拉扥加號遭受神風特攻隊的攻
擊：在三分鐘內遭受到五架次的撞擊，甲板嚴重受
Iron,
lipids, and potential toxic molecules (e.g.,
創、並燃起熊熊大火，艦上一共有123人死亡，但
bilirubin)
是到了晚上，火勢仍被控制住，隨後就被送到本土
進行修理。
Biotechnology
uses
living organisms
at the cellular or
molecular level
for
•
•
•
•
•
Cloning
Expression
Sequencing
Selection
Purification
medical,
agricultural, or
industrial
purposes.
Heal: Bio
Feed:
Fuel:
Human
Agriculture
Processing
health care
Therapeutics
Seeds
Biopharmaceuticals
Diagnostics
Breeding
Bio
Fuels
Medical devices
Traits
Biomaterials
Wellness Enhancers
Tools
Food ingredients
Biologics
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering
copyright reserved
1,927 B (77.1%): Others (e.g. Medical Insurance,
Hospitals, Institutes, Life Sci10,000
ence Research & Education …)
2,500 B
11000
573 B (22.9%): Drugs and Medical Devices
(藥品及醫療器材)
10000
9000
395 B (15.8%): Drugs (including biologics)
8000
178 B (7.1%): Devices
$B
7000
6000
5000
3,300
2,500
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2000
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering
copyright reserved
2005
2010
Year
2015
2020
Source: EUROPEAN HOSPITAL Vol 14 Issue 6/05, AgaMatrix
10
2004 worldwide approvals:
Accumulated total launches = 94
Antibodies
and
8
Sales ≈ $50 bn
9
Launches per Year
recombinant proteins for
7
human therapeutic (& preventive)
use,6 biotechnologically
manufactured
5
4
3
2
1
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
1982
0
Source: Conference on Plant-made Pharmaceuticals 2005 - State of the Biologics Market
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
Source: www.ylib.com
Sources
Cumulative cash flow
Specialized
programs,
friends/family
Funds with side
agreements to
source locally
Venture
formation
R&D
Mezzanine,
2nd round
venture capital venture capital
pre-IPO or sale
Preseed
Discovery
“National” funds based locally and
their syndicate partners elsewhere
Max. per investment
Grants
Specialized
investment funds
and/or angels
: U$ 200,000
Deal stage
Early/seed-stage
Venture capital
Proof of principle
Engineering prototypes
Late trials/product introduction/ramp up
Production prototypes
Typical functions
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
Source: Battelle; Growing the Nation’s Bioscience Sector: State Bioscience Initiatives 2006
State
Pre-seed/Seed Funds
Level of Investment
Size
Maryland
Arkansas
Iowa
Maryland
Tech
Transfer
Fund
Up
$1.5million
million
ASTF Seed
Capital
Investment
Fund Program
$500,000
$4.8
Entrepreneurial
Ventures
Assistance
Up to
to $75,000
$250,000
Challenge
investment
Program
Value-added
Agricultural
Products and Processes Financial Assistance Up to $150,000
Connecticut Enterprise
BioSeed Fund
Up to $500,000
Investment Fund
$150,000
to $500,000 $5.0 million
Eli
Whitney
fund
$500,000
to $2 million
Fort
Detrick
Technology
Up
Kentucky
Rural
Innovation
Fund Transfer Initiative
Up to
to $50,000
$100,000 over 2 yrs
MdBio
Project
Accelerator
Awards Office Technology-Based Seed Fund $100,000
to $200,000 $1.5 million
Delaware
Delaware
Economic
Development
Up to $500,000
Montgomery
County
Technology
Growth
Program
$50,000
to
$150,000 $10.0
Louisiana
Louisiana
Technology
Fund
$2.4 million
Delaware Innovation Fund
Ventures Technology
$250,000
million $24.0 million
Demonstration
funds
$25,000
toto$3$500,000
$50,000
MassachusettsLouisiana
Massachusetts
Development Corporation
Upto
fund,
Commercialization
funds
$50,000
to
$500,000
Recapitalized
$5.0 million
Georgia
Bioscience Seed Fund
$5.0bymillion
invested
state
with $5 million
Louisiana
Fund Authority’s
1
Illinois
Illinois Finance
Technology Development Bridge investments $150,000 to $300,000$35.0 million
Missouri
Prolog
$100million
million
Illinois Ventures
Emerging
Technology Fund
Has invested $4 mil $20.0
appropriation
Maine
Seed grants
$10,000
in 6 companies
Boston Redevelopment Authority’s Life Science Initiative
Development
Awards Stage loans
$10,000
to $500,000
New Jersey Techniuum
Seed/Early
Up
to $100,000
Accelerated
Commercialization
Fund
Varies
Indiana
Indiana
Seed
Fund
$50,000
to $500,000 $1.0
$4.0 million
Emergent
Growth
Stage
Up
to $1 million
Small Enterprise
Growth
$9.0
million
Camden
Technology
FundFund
Up to $100,000
$1 million
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
Source: Battelle; Growing the Nation’s Bioscience Sector: State Bioscience Initiatives 2006
State
Pre-seed/Seed Funds
North Carolina Biotechnology Center
Level of Investment
Size
Up to $150,000
Ohio
Pre-seed Fund initiative
$10.0 million
Oklahoma
OCAST Technology Business Finance Program
Oklahoma Life Science Fund
$100,000 to $200,000
$900,000
$5.1 million
Pennsylvania Ben Franklin Technology Partners
BioAdvance
PLSG Pre-Seed Fund
LSG in Central Pennsylvania Gap Fund
$200,000 to $500,000
Up to $500,000
Up to $100,000
Up to $500,000
South Dakota Entrepreneur Agricultural Fund
$30,000 to $50,000
Texas
Product Development Fund and Small Business Incubator Fund
Virginia
Center for Innovative Technology Growth Acceleration Program
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
$5.0 million
$45 million in bond funding
Up to $100,000
Source: Battelle; Growing the Nation’s Bioscience Sector: State Bioscience Initiatives 2006
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
$1,200
$1,000
$802
Expenditures ($ million)
$800
$600
$400
$231
$200
$54
$0
1976
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
1987
2001
2006
Source: Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development
24
25
21 Pharma Co.)
(Fully Integrated
(Virtually Integrated Pharma Co.)
20
Number of alliances
20
15
18
Sales and
distribution
18
17
15
15
Sales and
distribution
13
CSO
13
11
Manufacturing
10
5
0
11
10
CMO
9
Manufacturing
Clinical &
regulatory
Research
technology
8
Clinical
development
Preclinical
support
Research &
development
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
CROs
6
Preclinical CRO
Academia, Scientific
institutions
Source: Burrill & Company; Biotech 2008: A Global Transformation
CO2
O2
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
Reduced conventional
air emissions
Biomass
Extraction
of chemicals
Biodiesel
production
Thermochemical
conversion
Ethanol
Proteins
Vitamins
Sugar
fermentation
Glycerol
Lactic acid
Bio-SNG
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Fragrances
Pharmaceuticals
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
Lund
By Li-Te Chin, Ph.D. in Engineering,
copyright reserved
輔大生科所97學年度第二學期
生物製劑技術授課綱要
Feb 20: 課程簡介
May 08 : 被動免疫生物製劑
Feb 27: 檢驗試劑通論、發展現況、量
產規範與市場規模
May 15: 人類單株抗體
Mar 06: 生物晶片之過去、現在與未來
May 22: 輸血醫學簡介
Mar 13: 生物晶片之生物製劑應用實例
Jun 05 : 臍帶血幹細胞
Mar 20: 以血糖檢驗說明生物晶片產業
實例
Jun 12: 生質能源
Jun 19: 學期考
Mar 27: 檢驗試劑產業智慧財產權
Apr 24: 生物戰防治
May 01: 主動免疫生物製劑
授課教師：金立德(E-mail: [email protected])
0982-352366