jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
kl/R5]b !
kl/ro
!=! g]kfndf ;xsf/Ltfsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; M
g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;xsf/Ltfsf] Oltxf; w]/} k'/fgf] 5 . xfd|f] k"jL{o
;dfhdf ;xsf/L ;DjGwL ultljlwx¿ w]/} cufl8 b]lv ;+rfng x'Fb} cfPsf
lyP . tTsfnLg cj:yfdf g]kfnL ;dfhdf wd{esf/L, l9s'6L, kd{ tyf
u'7Lsf] ¿kdf ;+rflnt k"j{ ;xsf/Lsf :j¿kx¿ Hofb} k|rlnt lyP . log}
k"j{ ;xsf/Lx¿nfO{ kl/dfh{g / ljsf; ub}{ ;xsf/L k|0ffnLnfO{ cfly{s
tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] cfwf/sf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug]{ / u|fld0f ljsf;sf]
pko'Qm / k|efjsf/L dfWodsf] ¿kdf pkof]u ug]{ k|of;nfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{
qmddf lj=;+= @)!) ;fndf tTsfnLg of]hgf, ljsf; tyf s[lif dGqfno
cGt{ut ;xsf/L ljefusf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] .
;xsf/L If]qsf] lgodg, lgoGq0f / ;+rfngsf] nflu sfg"gL
Aoj:yfkg ug{ ;j{k|yd @)!! ;fndf ;xsf/L ;ldltsf] jLn–@)!! tof/
u/L ;Nnfxsf/ ;efdf k]z ePsf] lyof] . ;+;bsf] pkl:ylt gx'bf pQm jLn
:jLs[t x'g g;Sbf sfof{Gjogdf cfpg ;s]g . To; cj:yfdf ;xsf/L
k4ltsf] ljsf;sf] nflu tTsfnLg ;/sf/n] sfo{sf/L cfb]z hf/L u/L
lrtjg lhNnfdf lj=;+= @)!# r}q @) ut] klxnf] k6s jvfg ;xsf/L
;+:yf nufot @) j6f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] u7g ug]{ sfd eof]] . d'n'sdf
k|yd k+raifL{o of]hgf -@)!#–@)!*_ nfu" eO{ pQm cjlwdf $%) ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿ u7g ug]{ nIo lgwf{/0f eof] . o;/L ;xsf/L k|0ffnLnfO{ ;+:yfut
ug]{ qmddf ;xsf/L ;+:yf P]g– @)!^ / ;xsf/L lgodx¿— @)!*, hf/L
eO{ nfu" ul/of] . tTsfnLg /fhgLlts k|0ffnL;+u ;';+ut x'g] lsl;dn]
;femf ;+:yf P]g, @)$! / ;femf ;+:yf lgodfjnL, @)$# hf/L u/L nfu"
ul/of] . lj=;= @)$^ ;fnsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{g kl5 dfq cGt/f{li6|o
;xsf/L l;4fGt ;+u tfbDotf sfod x'g] u/L ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* /
;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( hf/L u/L nfu" u/] kZrft ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfx¿ :jt:km"t{ ¿kdf u7g / ;+rfng x'g] k4ltsf] yfngL x'g]
jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf x'g k'Uof] . xfn ;xsf/L ljefun] ;xsf/L
;+3÷;+:yfx¿sf] btf{, lgodg tyf k|j4{g nufotsf sfo{x¿ ub}{ cfPsf]
5.
1
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
!=@ g]kfndf ;xsf/Ltfsf] ljsf; ;+aGwdf ePsf gLltut Joj:yfx¿M
g]kfndf ;j{k|yd lj=;=@)!) ;fndf of]hgf ljsf; tyf s[lif
dGqfnosf] dftxtdf ;xsf/L ljefusf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . lj=;+=@)!#
;fndf tTsflng ;/sf/sf] sfo{sf/L cfb]zdf lrtjg lhNnfdf avfg
ax'p4]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;d]tsf !# j6f k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿
:yfkgf ePsf lyP . tTsflng cj:yfdf af9L lkl8t s[ifsx¿nfO{ k'gj{f;
u/fpg] / s[lif C0fsf] Aoj:yf u/L /fxt pknAw u/fpg] p2]Zon] lrtjg
lhNnfdf vf]lnPsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] sfdjf6 lzIff lnP/ g]kfn
;/sf/ åf/f d'n's e/ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ vf]Ng] nIo lgwf{/0f ul/of] . o;}
l;nlznfdf ;+:yfut sfg"gL Aoj:yf ug{ klxnf] k6s ;xsf/L ;+:yf P]g,
@)!^ hf/L u/L nfu" ul/of] . o; P]gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{
;xsf/L lgodx¿,@)!* ;d]t hf/L eof] . pNn]lvt P]g lgodsf] kl/lw
eLq ;/sf/L lgb]{zg / lgoGq0fdf tTsflng cj:yfdf u7g ePsf
;xsf/L ;+3–;+:yfx¿n] s[lif Aoj;fosf] ljsf; / s[lif ahf/sf] k|j4{gsf]
nflu dxTjk"0f{ sfdsf] yfngL ug{ k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . ljz]if u/L s[lif
;dfu|Lx¿sf] cfk"tL{df ;'lglZrttf ug{ / cfjZos s[lif C0fsf]
Aoj:yfjf6 pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj a[l4 u/L cfd s[ifsx¿sf] hLjg:t/df
;'wf/ Nofpg]] p2]Zon] ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] :yfkgf ePsf] b]lvG5 .
;xsf/Ltfsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{ ljleGg ;dodf ePsf gLltut /
sfg"gL k|of;nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ k|:t't ug{ ;lsG5 M
1=
g]kfndf ;j{k|yd lj=;= @)!) ;fndf of]hgf ljsf; tyf s[lif
dGqfnosf] dftxtdf ;xsf/L ljefusf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof]
2= lj=;=@)!# df ;xsf/L ;+:yf u7gsf] nflu ;/sf/ 4f/f sfo{sf/L
cfb]z hf/L u/L lrtjg lhNnfdf !# j6f k|f/lDes ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿ u7g,
3= lj=;=@)!% df ;xsf/L ljefu cGt/ut u|fd ljsf; Anssf]
k|zf;lgs lgoGq0fdf sd{rf/Lx¿ v6fO{ ;xsf/L k|j4{gsf sfo{x¿sf]
yfngL
4= lj=;=@)!^ df ;xsf/L ;+:yf P]g, @)!^ hf/L
5= lj=;=@)!& df ;xsf/L ljsf; sf]ifsf] :yfkgf
6= lj=;=@)!* df ;xsf/L lgodx¿ @)!* hf/L, ;femf ;+:yf
lnld6]8sf] :yfkgf u/L ;femf oftfoft, ;femf k|sfzg, ;femf
2
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
7=
8=
9=
10=
11=
12=
13=
14=
15=
e08f/,;femf :jf:Yo / ;femf k;nsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf], ;xsf/L
;+:yf P]g,@)!^ df k|yd ;+;f]wg ul/Psf]
lj=;=@)!( df s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ePsf],
;xsf/L a}s P]g hf/L ePsf] / ;xsf/L ljefu k+rfot dGqfnosf]
dftxtdf ;fl/Psf]
lj=;=@)@) df ;xsf/L a}ssf] :yfkgf, u|fd ljsf; AnsnfO{
k+rfotdf kl/0ft u/L lhNnf k+rfotdf ;xsf/L zfvf /flvPsf]
lj=;=@)@! df ;xsf/L ljefusf] sfo{If]q eLq /x]sf sd{rf/Lx¿
e"ld;'wf/ sfo{s|ddf v6fOPsf],
lj=;=@)@# df ;xsf/L ljefunfO{ e"ld;'wf/ s[lif tyf vfB
dGqfnodf /fvL ;xsf/L ljefudf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{
e"ld;'wf/ sfo{s|ddf nufOPsf]
lj=;=@)@$ df ;xsf/L a}snfO{ s[lif ljsf; a}sdf uflePsf] tyf
ufp kms{ /fli6|o cleofgsf] sfo{s|ddf ;xsf/LnfO{ ;dfa]z ul/Psf]
lj=;=@)@% df ;xsf/L ljefujf6 x'b} cfPsf] ;+:yf btf{ tyf
;+rfng ;DjGwL sfd e"ld;'wf/ ljefunfO{ ;'lDkPsf]
lj=;=@)@^ df ;xsf/L ljefunfO{ e"ld;'wf/ dGqfno cGt/ut
/fvLPsf], eQmk'/ lhNnfdf e"ld;'wf/ sfo{s|djf6 ;+slnt clgjfo{
art ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;]o/sf] ¿kdf x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf], ;xsf/L
;+:yf btf{ tyf ;+rfng ;DjGwL sfd e"ld;'wf/ ljefujf6 k'g
;xsf/L ljefudf lkmtf{ ePsf], ;xsf/L vl/b las|L tyf C0f ;+3
lhNnf ;femf ;+3df kl/0ft ePsf]
lj=;=@)@& df ;xsf/L ;+:yf P]g,@)!^ df bf]>f] ;+;f]wg ul/Psf],
;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] Aoj:yfkgsf] lhDd]jf/L s[lif ljsf; a}snfO{ lbPsf],
s]Gb| tyf lhNnf :t/df ;xsf/L ;'b[9Ls/0f ;ldltsf] Aoj:yf
ul/Psf]
lj=;=@)## df ;femf sfo{s|d cGt/ut #) lhNnfsf x/]s
uf=lj=;=df ax'd'lv ;femf ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf, ;femf sfo{s|d dfkm{t
hg;+Vof lzIffsf] yfngL, s[lif ;xsf/Lx¿sf] ljsf;df Plss[t
cjwf/0f ljifos cGt//fli6|o uf]i6Lsf] cfof]hgf, s]Gb|Lo ;femf
ljsf; ;ldltsf] Aoj:yf, ;xsf/L lgodx¿ @)!* df bf]>f] ;+;f]wg,
clgjfo{ art ;femf ;+:yfsf] ;]o/sf] ¿kdf kl/0ft ul/of],
3
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
16=
17=
18=
19=
20=
21=
22=
23=
24=
25=
26=
27=
lj=;=@)#$ df ;femf ;+:yf k|zf;g tyf cfly{s lgod @)#$ sf]
Aoj:yf ePsf],
lj=;=@)#% df ;femf ;+:yfsf] Aoj:yfkgsf] lhDd]jf/L s[lif ljsf;
a}sjf6 k'g ;+rfns ;ldltdf lkmtf{, ;femf sfo{s|dsf] u'0ffTds
ljsf;sf] nflu ;femf ;+:yfx¿sf] Plss/0f sfo{s|dsf] ;+rfng,
;femf ;+3 ;+:yfsf] cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgod @)#% sf] Aoj:yf,
lj=;=@)#& df g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)!( sf] bf]>f] ;+;f]wg u/L
/fHosf] lgb]{zs l;4fGtdf tfnfO{ cfly{s d]?b08sf] ¿kdf ;dfa]z
ul/Psf], ;femf ;+3 ;+:yfsf] cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgod @)#& sf]
Aoj:yf,
lj=;=@)$! df ;xsf/L ;+:yf P]g, @)!^ vf/]h ul/ ;femf ;+:yf
P]g, @)$! hf/L,
lj=;=@)$@ df ;xsf/L ljefusf] gfd kl/jt{g ul/ ;femf ljsf;
ljefu /fv] kl5 ;lassf] ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, If]qLo ;xsf/L
sfof{no / lhNnf ;xsf/L sfof{nosf] gfd s|dzM;femf ljsf;
k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, If]qLo ;femf ljsf; sfof{no / ;femf ljsf; zfvf
/flvof],
lj=;=@)$# df ;femf ;+:yf lgodx¿ @)$# hf/L, /fli6«o ;femf
uf]i6Lsf] cfof]hgf,
lj=;=@)$$ df ;femf ljsf; ljefu s[lif dGqfnodf ;dfj]z,
pRr:t/Lo ;femf ljsf; s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g,
lj=;=@)$% df clgjfo{ art artstf{nfO{ lkmtf{ lbg] 3f]if0ff, !&
;b:oLo /fli6«o ;xsf/L dxf;+3 k/fdz{ ;ldltsf] u7g / k|ltj]bg
k|:t't,
lj=;=@)$^ df /fli6«o ;femf ;+u7gsf] nflu tby{ ;ldlt u7g,
lj=;=@)$& df & ;b:oLo /fli6«o ;xsf/L dxf;+3 k/fdz{ ;ldltsf]
u7g / k|ltj]bg k|:t't, /fli6|o ;xsf/L ljsf; uf]i6Lsf] cfof]hgf
lj=;=@)$* df ;femf s]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;ldltsf] lj36g, !! ;b:oLo
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; af]8{sf] u7g, ;femf ;+:yf P]g, @)$! vf/]h
u/L ;xsf/L P]g @)$* hf/L,
lj=;=@)$( df ;xsf/L lgodfjnL hf/L, ;femf ljsf; ljefusf]
gfd kl/jt{g e} ;xsf/L ljefu /xg uof]
4
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
28=
29=
30=
31=
32=
33=
34=
35=
36=
37=
lj=;= @)%) df /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3, s]Gb|Lo art tyf C0f
;xsf/L ;+3, s]Gb|Lo pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3 / s]Gb|Lo b'Uw pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+3sf] u7g, ;xsf/L ;'b[9Ls/0f pRr:t/Lo ;ldlt u7g /
k|ltj]bg k|:t't,
lj=;= @)%& df ;xsf/L P]g @)$* df ;+;f]wg, ;xsf/L ;''wf/
;'emfj ;ldlt u7g / k|ltj]bg k|:t't,
lj=;=@)%* df ;xsf/L P]g @)$* cGt/ut /fl6«o ;xsf/L a}+s
ln=btf{ eO{ sfo{s|d ;+rfng .
lj=;=@)^! df ;xsf/L ljefusf] ;+/rgf kl/jt{g, ^* lhNnfdf
/x]sf ;xsf/L sfof{nosf] ;+Vof s6f}tL u/L #* lhNnfdf l8lehg
;xsf/L sfof{no :yfkgf .
;xsf/L ljefujf6 ldlt @)^$.&.@! df ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf]
lgodg lgb]{lzsf hf/L .
;xsf/L] lgodg lgb]{lzsf kl/dfh{g u/L ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] btf{
tyf lgodg ;DjGwL dfkb08 @)^% hf/L .
;xsf/L] lgodg lgb]{lzsf kl/dfh{g u/L ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] btf{
tyf lgodg ;DjGwL dfkb08 @)^^ hf/L .
@)^& ;fndf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] btf{ tyf lgodg ;DjGwL
dfkb08 @)^% df kl/dh{g .
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] btf{, ;+rfng, n]vfk/LIf0f, cg'udg tyf
lgodg ;DjGwL dfkb08 @)^* hf/L .
@)^( ;fn h]i7df ;xsf/L If]qsf] nflu 5'§} ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL
lgjf/0f dGqfnosf] :yfkgf ePsf] .
!=# ;/sf/ / ;xsf/L If]q jLrsf] ;dGjo
1= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;/sf/L lgsfo–;xsf/L tyf ul/jL
lgjf/0f dGqfno cGt{ut ;xsf/L ljefu .
2= ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfno– ;xsf/L If]qsf] gLlt lgdf{0f,
k|j4{g, ljsf;, la:tf/ tyf ;/sf/ / ;xsf/L If]qaLrsf]
;dGjosf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ lgsfo .
3= /fli6|o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{–;xsf/L If]qsf] gLlt lgZn]if0f, k|j4{g,
ljsf;, la:tf/ / cfjZostf cg';f/ k/fdz{ / sfg"gL ;xof]u .
5
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
4=
5=
6=
7=
8=
9=
10=
;xsf/L ljefu– ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)$( /
cGo ;DjlGwt lgodx¿sf] sfof{Gjog lgsfo .
;xsf/L ljefu cGt/ut s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|–!, ;xsf/L
k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no–% / l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no–##
;+rfng .
;xsf/L ljefu / o; cGt/ut ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg
sfof{no–% / l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no–## jf6 ljleGg ;xsf/L
;+:yf tyf ;+3x¿sf] u7g / ;+rfng Joj:yf .
g]kfndf ;xsfl/tfsf cfwf/e"t / g}lts d"No tyf cGt/f{li6|o
;xsf/L l;4fGt cg';f/ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] :yfkgf / ;+rfng
u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L .
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] 5ftf ;+u7gsf]¿kdf /fli6|o ;xsf/L ;+3
ln=sf] u7g / ;+rfng .
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] Ps dfq a}+s– /fli6|o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=sf]
:yfkgf / ;+rfng .
ljleGg ljifout ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] Aoj;flos ljsf;df ;xof]u
ug{sf] nflu s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3x¿sf] u7g / ;+rfng .
!=$ ;xsf/L P]g @)$* sf d"Vo ljz]iftfx¿ M
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] u7g, lgodg / ;+rfngsf] nflu
Aoj:yf ug{ ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* hf/L ePsf] lyof] . P]g hf/L ug]{
;dodf !))) eGbf sd ;+Vofdf /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ b'O{ bzssf]
cGt/fndf @%,))) eGbf a9L ePsf 5g . of] P]g cToGt ;/n tyf
pbf/ /x]sf] 5 . o;sf d'Vo d'Vo ljz]iftfx¿ o; k|sf/ /x]sf 5g M
!= ;/n btf{ k|s'of
@= sfg"gL / ;+ul7t JolQmTj
#= ;b:ox¿ aLr ;dfgtf
$= lgjf{lrt ;+rfns ;ldltsf] Joj:yf
%= :jfoQ ;+:yf
^= :j]lR5s ;b:otf
&= :jlgolGqt ;+oGq
*= ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] ;+3Lo :j¿k
6
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
(= ;b:ox¿sf] ;Lldt bfloTj
!)= ;xsf/L pBd Joj;fosf] Jofks If]q
!!= ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfnfO{ 5'6 ;'ljwf
!=% ;xsf/L If]qsf] tLg jifL{o of]hgf -@)^&÷^*–@)^(÷&)_ M
!= k[i7e"dL M
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# df ;/sf/, ;xsf/L / lghL
If]qsf] dfWodaf6 cy{tGqsf] ljsf; ug]{ ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf ePsfn]
d'n'ssf] ;du| ljsf;df ;xsf/L If]qaf6 dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg kg]{
ePsf]] 5 . ;xsf/Ltfsf] d"No, dfGotf / l;4fGtx¿df cfwfl/t ;b:o
s]Gb|Lt ;]jfd'lv Aoj;flos ;+u7gx¿ g} oyfy{df ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿
x'g\ . ;d'bfodf 5l/P/ /x]sf] >d, ;Lk, k|ljlw / k"FhLnfO{ Pslqt u/L
/fli6«o cy{tGqdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg tyf ;b:ox¿sf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s
tyf ;f+:s[lts ¿kfGt/0f u/L ;Dj[4 ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfx¿ ;zQm dfWodsf] ¿kdf :yflkt ePsf 5g\\ .
@= cBfjlws l:ylt ;dLIff
g]kfndf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+hfn b]z Aoflk ¿kdf lj:tf/
ePsf] 5 . xfn d'n'sdf @),!)@ j6f k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿, !)
j6f ljifout s]Gb|Lo ;+3x¿, ! /fli6«o ;xsf/L j}+s, ! j6f /fli6«o
;xsf/L ;+3, ^^ j6f lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 / !@& j6f ljifout lhNnf
;xsf/L ;+3x¿ lqmofzLn /x]sf 5g\ . oL ;+3 ;+:yfx¿df @@ nfv
;b:ox¿ cfj4 /x]sf 5g\ . s'n ;b:ox¿ dWo] dlxnf ;xeflutf $@
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf dlxnfx¿åf/f dfq ;+rflnt !^)) eGbf a9L
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ lqmoflzn 5g\ . ;xsf/L If]qaf6 s/La ? ! vj{sf]
cfly{s sf/f]jf/x'b} cfPsf] 5 . s'n ljQLo sf/f]jf/df ;xsf/Lsf] lx:;f
!) k|ltzt eGbf a9L /x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] s"n z]o/ k"FhL ?
!) cj{, ;+slnt art lgIf]k /sd ? %* cj{ / nufgL ? ^@ cj{ /x]sf]
5 . ;xsf/L If]qn] d'n'ssf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf @ k|ltzt of]ubfg
k'¥ofPsf] cg'dfg 5 . ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿df %) xhf/ eGbf j9L g]kfnL
gful/sn] k|ToIf /f]huf/L k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . ut of]hgf cjlwdf !%) hgf
;xsf/L k|lzIfs tof/ ePsf / $*,))) ;xsf/LsdL{x¿n] ;xsf/L
7
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;DjGwL cled'vLs/0f nufot ljleGg k|s[ltsf tfnLd k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .
dlxnf, cflbjf;L÷hghftL, blnt, dw]zL, d'l:nd nufot lk5l8Psf] ju{
/ If]qsf ;d'bfodf ;xsf/Ln] k|j]z kfPsf]n] hg;xeflutfdf ;d]t
pNn]vgLo j[l4 ePsf] 5 . /fHo / lghL :t/sf] kx'Fr gk'u]sf If]q tyf
;d'bfodf ;d]t ;xsfl/tfsf] dfWodaf6 pBdsf] ljsf; x'g yfn]sf] 5 .
#= ;d:of, r'gf}tL tyf cj;/x¿
#=! ;d:of M
 /fli6«o ;xsf/L gLlt th'{df gePsf] / ;xsf/L If]qsf] bL3{sfnLg
of]hgfsf] cefjdf of]hgfj4 ljsf; cfzfltt ¿kdf x'g g;s]sf]
cj:yf 5 .
 ;xsf/L P]g, lgod tyf dfkb08x¿sf] ;do ;fk]If ;'wf/ / kl/dfh{g x'g
g;s]sf] sf/0faf6 lgodg tyf cg'udg k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf] 5}g .
 ;xsf/L If]qsf ;/sf/L lgsfox¿sf] ljBdfg ckof{Kt ;+u7g ;+/rgf,
bIf tyf cfjZos hgzlQmsf] sdL / Go"g ;fwg >f]tsf sf/0f
;xsf/L If]qsf] ;dfofg's"n k|j4{g x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .
 ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿df pBdzLntfsf] cefj x'g'sf] ;fy} Joj;flos
g]t[Tj ljsf;df kxn x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
 Psftkm{ ;j} k|f/lDes ;+:yfx¿ ;+jlGwt ;+3df cfj4 eO{ g;]s]sf] /
csf]{ tkm{ Aoj;flos Ifdtfsf] cefj Pj+ sdhf]/ ef}lts tyf cfly{s
l:yltsf sf/0f ;xsf/L ;+3x¿n] k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf]
k|j4{gdf k|efjsf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .
 ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] cfjZostf adf]lhd ;xsf/L lzIff, ;"rgf /
tfnLdsf] ckof{Ktfn] ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] Aoj:yfksLo 1fg / bIftf
;'b[9 x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .
 g]kfnsf] ;xsf/L cleofgdf cgfjZos /fhgLlt k|j]z eO{ ;xsf/L
d"No, dfGotf / l;4fGt kfngf x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .
 art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] art lgIf]k tyf
nufgLsf] If]q ;+s'lrt /x]sf] / u|fdL0f If]qsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿df
nufgL ug]{ k"FhLsf] cefj /x]sf] 5 .
 ;/sf/L lgsfo tyf ;xsf/L cleoGtfx¿ jLr cfk;L ;dGjo /
;xsfo{sf] sdL /x]sf] cj:yf 5 .
8
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
#=@=r'gf}tL
 ;xsf/L ;DjGwL /fli6«o gLlt agfpg] / bL3{sfnLg ;xsf/L of]hgf
th'{df u/L ;xsf/L lgsfox¿sf] k|efjsf/Ltf clej[l4 ug]{ .
 k"jf{wf/x¿sf] ljsf;af6 s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] pTkfbg / jhf/
k|0ffnL jLr ;fdGh:otf sfod u/L pTkfbs / pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{
kf/:kl/s nfe pknAw u/fpg] .
 k'FhL / k|ljlwsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf u/L ;xsf/L pBf]ux¿ :yfkgf dfkm{t
/f]huf/Lsf] ;[hgf / ul/jL Go"lgs/0f ug]{ .
 ;dofg's'n ;xsf/L P]g lgod kl/dfh{g u/L sfg"gL Aoj:yf sfod ug]{
 pko'Qm ;f+u7lgs ;+oGq / kof{Kt lzIff, ;"rgf / tfnLdsf]
;'lglZrttfaf6 ;xsf/L d"No, dfGotf / l;4fGtsf] k|of]u u/L ;xsf/L
If]qsf] of]ubfg a9fpg] .
 ;xsf/L pBdx¿sf] :yfkgfdf cGo ;/sf/L lgsfosf] e"ldsf ;zQm kfg{'sf
;fy}} ;Dj4 sfg"gx¿ cg's'n agfO{ ;xsf/LIf]qsf] nufgLdf lj:tf/ ug]{ .
#=#=cj;/
 ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ /fli6««o ljsf;sf tLg :tDe dWo] Ps ;an :tDesf]
¿kdf dxTj lbg' .
 ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] lhNnftx b]lv /fli6«o:t/ ;Ddsf ;+3x¿ lgdf{0f
x'g' .
 u|fdL0f tyf zx/L If]qdf ;–;fgf art kl/rfng u/L ;fdflhs,
cfly{s Pj+ ;f+:s[lts ;zlQms/0fsf ;Defjgfx¿ ljBdfg /xg' .
 s[lif pTkfbg, k|zf]wg, jhf/ Aoj:yfkg, :jf:Yo, lzIff, oftfoft,
;+rf/, ljB't, cfjf;, ljdf h:tf If]qdf ;d]t ;xsf/L dfkm{t nufgL
cfslif{t x'g' .
 u|fdL0f pkef]Qmf, s[ifs / dlxnf ;d"xx¿ ;xsf/L k|lt cfslif{t x'g' .
 cGt//fli6«o ;+3 ;+:yf tyf bft[ lgsfox¿sf] ;xof]udf ;xsf/L If]qsf]
ljsf; ug]{ ;+efjgf /xg' .
$= bL3{sfnLg ;f]r
;fd'bflos / nf]s sNof0fsf/L cfly{s ljsf;sf dfWodaf6 ul/aL
Go"gLs/0fdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' ;xsf/L If]qsf] bL3{sfnLg ;f]r /x]sf] 5 .
9
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
%= p2]Zo
;xsf/Ltfsf] dfWodaf6 cfd hgtfx¿sf] >d, ;Lk, k"FhL tyf >f]tnfO{
;fd"lxs lxtsf nflu ;+ul7t ¿kdf kl/rfng u/L cfly{s ;Dj[l4,
;fdflhs ¿kfGt/0f / ;dGoflos ljsf;sf] cfwf/lznf tof/ ug]{ .
^= /0fgLlt
! ;xsf/L d"No, dfGotf / l;4fGtnfO{ cg'z/0f ub}{ ljkGg tyf
lk5l8Psf ju{ nufotsf ;d'bfonfO{ ;xsfl/tfdf ;+ul7t u/L
;xsf/LnfO{ ;/sf/ / lghL If]qsf] kl/k'/ssf] e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sg]
cy{tGqsf] ;an :tDesf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug]{,
@ jl~rlts/0fdf k/]sf ;d'bfo nufotsf ;j} ju{ tyf hfthftL
;d]tsf] ;dfj]zL / ;dGoflos ljsf;df ;xsf/L dfkm{t 6]jf
k'¥ofpg] / ljQLo If]qdf ;j}sf] kx'Fr clej[l4 ug]{,
# ;xsf/L v]tL, ;xsf/L pBf]u, ;xsf/L ljt/0f ;]jf, ;xsf/L j}+lsË
;]jf / ;xsf/L Aoj;fosf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{gsf nflu cfjZos
gLltut tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / ;'ljwfsf] Aoj:yf ug]{,
$ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] :yfkgf / ;+rfngsf cfwf/ / dfkb08x¿
:ki6¿kn] kl/eflift u/L ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿sf] :jlgodg tyf
k|efjsf/L ¿kdf cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug]{ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug]{,
% Ps ufFp Ps ;xsf/L cleofgnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ u|fdL0f txdf
jx'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{,
^ ;xsf/L If]qsf] k|j4{g / ljsf;sf] nflu ;xsf/L lgsfox¿sf]
lgodgsf/L e"ldsfnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpb} /fHosf] tkm{af6 ;xof]u
tyf cfly{s 5'6 ;'ljwfsf] Aoj:yf ug]{ .
&= sfo{gLlt M
 ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿df x'g] u}/ ;xsf/L cEof;x¿af6 ;xsf/L
cfGbf]ngnfO{ d'Qm ul/g]5,
 ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ Aofj;flos tyf ;xeflutfd'ns x'g] lsl;dn]
k'g ;+/rgf ul/g]5,
 ;xsf/LtfnfO{ s[lif k|;f/, k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, jhf/Ls/0f tyf :yfgLo
>f]t kl/rfngsf] dfWodsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ul/g]5,
10
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg












s[lif pkhsf ;fy} u}/ s[lif pkhx¿sf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg, e08f/0f
tyf jhf/Ls/0f ug{ ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5,
s[lif If]qdf pTkfbg tyf nufgL k|j4{g, k"FhL ljsf;, k"FhL
jhf/Ls/0f, s[lif tyf kz' jLdfsf nflu ;xsf/LnfO{ ;zQm dfWodsf]
¿kdf ljsf; ul/g]5,
;fj{hlgs ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfO{ cfd pkef]QmfnfO{
;xh / ;'ky d"Nodf b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t'sf] ljlqm ljt/0f ug{
;xsf/L k;nx¿ ;+rfng tyf Aoj:yfkg ul/g]5,
;xsf/Ltfsf] dfWodaf6 ;dfhsf sdhf]/ ju{ tyf jl~rlts/0fdf
k/]sf ;d'bfosf] pTyfg ug]{ ljif]z sfo{qmdsf] th'{df / sfof{Gjog
ul/g]5,
o'jf lk9LnfO{ ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 u/fpg ;xsf/L dfkm{t u|fdL0f o'jf
:j/f]huf/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5,
art tyf C0f ;xsf/L dfkm{t ljQLo cfjZostfdf kx'Fr a9fOg]5,
;xsf/Ltfsf] ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos ;/sf/L ;xof]usf] ;'lglZrttf
ul/g]5,
u|fdL0f :jfjnDjg sf]if, ul/lj lgjf/0f sf]if, n3'ljQ sf]if nufotsf
sf]ifdf pknAw >f]t ;dGjofTds ¿kdf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t
kl/rfng u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ Aoj:yf ldnfO{g]5,
;/sf/ ;xsf/L ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd cGtu{t ;+rfng x'g] :yfgLo
ljsf; lgdf{0f / ;fdflhs ;]jf k|jfxsf sfo{x¿ :yfgLo ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t klg ;+rfng ul/g]5,
ljBdfg ;xsf/L P]gdf ;dofg's'n ;+;f]wg / cfjZostf adf]lhd
If]qut Pgsf] th'{df u/L ;xsf/Lsf] lgodg tyf cg'udg k|0ffnLnfO{
;'b[9 ul/g]5,
;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿sf] sf/f]jf/ Aojl:yt ug{ ;xsf/L n]vf+sg
tyf n]vfk/LIf0f dfkb08, sfo{ ;Dkfbg:t/ ;"rsf+s tyf ljQLo
:j;Ifdtfsf dfkb08x¿ :jLs[t u/L nfu' ul/g]5,
:jlgodg dfkb08 tyf kf/blz{tf k|lqmof dfkm{t lgodgsf/L 5'6
;Ldf sfod u/L u|fdL0f If]qsf ;fgf ;xsf/L ;+:yf dflysf] cg'udg
;DjGwL sfo{ jf]emdf sdL NofO{ 7"nf ;+:yfsf] ;3g cg'udgtkm{
Wofg s]Gb|Lt ul/g] 5,
11
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg




dfWolds txb]lv ljZjljBfno tx;Ddsf] kf7\oqmddf ;xsf/L
lzIffsf] cWoog÷cWofkg z'? ul/g]5 . ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ Dffkm{t
;xsf/L lzIff tyf r]tgf clej[l4sf sfo{s|d ;~rfng u/L ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿sf] Joj;flos Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
;xsf/L P]g, lgod / ljQLo cg'zf;g sfod ug]{ k|rlnt sfg"g
ljkl/t sfd ug]{ ;+:yfsf ;+rfns / ;xsf/L ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lnO{
lgwf{l/t ;dodf C0f gltg]{ AolQmx¿nfO{ sf/jfxL ug]{ tyf sfnf]
;"rLdf cls++t ug]{ / ;xsf/L / j}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfnf]
;"rLdf /x]sf AolQmx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ;+nUg x'g / sf/f]jf/ ug{
/f]s nufpg] gLlt lnO{g]5,
Ps uf+p Ps ;xsf/L cleofg cGt/ut u|fdL0f:t/df ax'p2]ZoLo
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|j4{g ug{ ljz]if ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L ;DaGwL gLlt / of]hgf th{'df, ;xsf/L aLr cfk;L ;dGjo
clea[l4, cfly{s tyf ef}lts ;'ljwfsf] ljsf; Pj+ ;/sf/L ;xsf/L
;+u7g lj:tf/ u/L ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpg
*= kl/df0ffTds nIo M
o; of]hgf cjlwdf ;xsf/L If]qsf] kl/df0ffTds nIo lgDg
tfnLsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
l;=g+
=
1=
2=
3=
4=
5=
6=
7=
8=
9=
10=
ljj/0f
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ;xsf/L
If]qsf]] of]ubfg
ljQLo If]qdf ;xsf/Lsf] of]ubfg
;xsf/L
;+3x¿
-s]Gb|Lo
÷lhNnfx¿_
k|f/DeLs ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿
;xsf/Ldf cfj4 ;b:o ;+Vof
;xsf/Ldf dlxnf ;b:o cg'kft
Aoj:yfkgdf dlxnf ;xeflutf
cled'vls/0f/
tfnLd
k|fKt
;xsf/LsdL{ sf] ;+Vof
z]o/ k"FhL
art kl/rfng
12
O{sfO{
jt{dfg
cj:yf
nIo
k|ltzt
@
#
k|ltzt
!)
!%
;+Vof
@)%
@%)
;+Vof
xhf/
k|ltzt
k|ltzt
@),)))
@@,))
$@
!*
@&,)))
#),))
$%
@$
xhf/
$*
&%
? cj{
? cj{
!)
%*
@)
&%
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
11=
12=
13=
14=
15=
16=
C0f nufgL
;xsf/L k|lzIfs pTkfbg
;xsf/L cg'bfgdf :yflkt ;fgf
pBf]u
;xsf/L cg'bfgdf :yflkt demf}nf
pBf]u
;xsf/L cg'bfgdf :yflkt 7"nf]
pBf]u
;xsf/L If]qdf k|ToIf /f]huf/L
;[hgf
? cj{
;+Vof
^@
!%)
*)
#))
;+Vof
%#
!@%
;+Vof
!
%
;+Vof
)
#
xhf/
%)
*)
(= d'Vo d'Vo sfo{qmdx¿ M
1=
/fli6«o ;xsf/L gLlt Pj+ ;xsf/L If]qsf] bL3{sfnLg of]hgf th'{df
ul/g]5g\ .
2= ;xsf/L P]g lgod kl/dfh{g u/L ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] btf{, cg'udg
/ lgodgnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfO{g]5 . cfjZostf cg';f/ ;xsf/Lsf
If]qut sfg"gx¿sf] th'{df ul/g]5 .
3= /fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{ P]g kl/dfh{g u/L jf]8{nfO{ gLlt lgdf{0f
tyf cWoog cg';Gwfg dfkm{t ;xsf/Lsf] k|j4{g ug{ k|efjsf/L
jgfO{g]5 .
4= /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 / s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3x¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf
nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf; / ;+3sf] Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu
cg'bfg pknAw u/fO{g]5 .
5= yk #& lhNnfdf ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿sf] :yfkgfsf ;fy} ;xsf/L
ljefu / cGtu{tsf sfof{nox¿sf] sfo{jf]em cg';f/ ;+u7g ;+/rgf
/ b/jGbL k'g/fjnf]sg u/L k|efjsf/L jgfO{g]5 .
6= ;xsf/L dfkm{t 7'nf, demf}nf / ;fgf pBf]u :yfkgf / ;+rfngsf
nflu cg'bfg pknAw u/fO{g]5 .
7= ;xsf/L k;nx¿nfO{ k|lzIf0f k|bfg u/L yk k|efjsf/L jgfO{g]5 .
;+;bLo lgjf{rg If]qnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;xsf/L dfkm{t yf]s k;nx¿
:yfkgfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofO{ ;fj{hlgs ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ k|efjsf/L
jgfO{g]5,
13
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
8=
9=
10=
11=
12=
13=
14=
15=
16=
17=
18=
19=
k'/fgf ;femf ;+:yfx¿sf] C0f df]rg u/L k'gM ;+rfng ug]{ u/fpg]
Aoj:yf ldnfO{g]5 Pj+ ;femf oftfoft, ;femf :jf:Yo, ;femf k|sfzg,
;femf k;n / ;femf e08f/nfO{ k"0f{ ;xsf/Ls/0f ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L ;DaGwL tYofs ;+sng Pj+ ljZn]if0f u/L ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{
;d;fdlos hfgsf/L pknJw u/fpg] k|of]hgsf nflu ;xsf/L ;"rgf
s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf u/L s[oflzn agfOg]5 .
;xsf/L lzIff, ;"rgf / tfnLdnfO{ yk lj:tf/ / k|efjsf/L
agfO{g]5 . ;xsf/Lsf] cf}krfl/s lzIff k|j4{g ug{ dfWolds, pRr
dfWolds / ljZjljBfno :t/df ;xsf/L lzIff kf7\oqmddf ;dfj]z
ul/g]5 .
lk5l8Psf] If]q Pj+ ;d'bfodf ;xsf/Lsf] kx'Fr clej[l4sf nflu nlIft
sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] cg'udg / lgodg sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L
jgfpg bIf hgzlQm ljsf; ul/g]5 .
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 Pj+ s]Gb|Lo ;+3x¿nfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg /fli6«o
;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{n] pknAw u/fPsf] hUufdf ejg lgdf0f{sf nflu
;xof]u pknAw u/fO{g]5 .
s[lif pTkfbgdf Joj;flos/0f / ahf/ls/0fsf] nflu ;xsf/L v]tL
k|0ffnLnfO{ k|f]T;lxt ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t ko{6g Joj;fo k|jw{g, jftfj/0f
;+/If0f / hg;+Vof lzIff h:tf ultljlwx¿ ;+rfng ul/g]5g .
;xsf/L Pgdf ;d;fdlos ;'wf/ ug'{sf] ;fy} /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}+s P]g
/ art tyf C0f P]g th{'df u/L nfu' ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdnfO{ ljs]Gb|Ls/0f u/L 5f]6f] cjlwsf]
cfwf/e"t tfnLd lhNnf:t/df ;+rfng ug]{ / s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
s]Gb|af6 k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tfnLd nufot nfdf] cjlwsf ljz]if1tf
;DjGwL tfnLd ;+rfng ul/g]5 . If]qLo txdf ;+rflnt ;xsf/L
k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x¿df k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; tyf Ifdtf clea[l4 ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L If]qdf x'g] ljleGg las[lt tyf u}/ ;b:ox¿ aLrsf]
sf/f]jf/nfO{ lgoGq0f / lg?T;flxt ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, ;xsf/L ahf/x/sf] lgdf{0f tyf
;+rfng / u|fdL0f :t/df Ps ufFp Ps ;xsf/L cleofg ;+rfng
14
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
ul/g]5 . lk5l8Psf au{ / If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nflu ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L
;+:yfsf] k|jw{g ul/g]5 .
!)= ck]lIft pknAwLx¿
qLjifL{o of]hgfsf] cGt ;Dddf x'g] ck]lIft pknAwLx¿ lgDgfg';f/
/x]sf 5g\ M
1= /f]huf/L tyf cfocfh{gdf j[l4 eO{ s'n /fli6«o pTkfbg ;xsf/L
If]qsf] of]ubfg j[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 .
2= pko'Qm sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 cg'udg tyf lgodg sfo{
;'b[9 eO{ ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfdf ;'zf;g sfod ePaf6
cfd;d'bfonfO{ lbg] ;]jf / 6]jfdf j[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 .
3= ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf dlxnf, ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf ju{x¿sf] ;xeflutf
pNn]vgLo ¿kdf j[l4 eO{ ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fdf clej[l4 x'g]5 .
4= ;xsf/L lzIff tyf tflnd / ;"rgfdf Jofkstf cfO{ :yflkt
;+3÷;+:yfsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 .
5= ;/sf/–;xsf/L ;fem]bf/Ldf ;xsf/L gd"gf sfo{qmd :yfkgf ePsf]
x'g]5 .
6= ;–;fgf art kl/rfng tyf cfocfh{gsf cj;/ >[hgf ug{ n3'
shf{, n3' pBd shf{ tyf /f]huf/d"ns shf{ k|bfg ug{df ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿sf] e"ldsf k|jn x'g]5 . ;xsf/L a}+s dfkm{t C0f k|jfxdf
j[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 . u|fld0f If]qsf] art kl/rfng x'g], nufgL a9\g]
tyf u|fld0f ahf/ ljsf; x'g] / ;b:ox¿ nfeflGjt x'g]5 .
7= ;xsf/L If]qut of]hgf Pj+ gLlt lgdf{0f eO{ ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngn]
lglb{i6 lbzf Pj+ klxNofPsf] x'g]5
8= ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] a[l4 tyf pknJw hgzlQmsf] bIftf Pj+ ;/sf/L
;xsf/L ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf aLr tfnd]n eO{ ;xsf/L If]qn] pNn]Vo
;]jf k'¥ofpg ;Ifd ePsf] x'g]5 .
9= ;xsf/L ;fd'lxs v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf; eO{ s[lifsf] Joj;foLs/0f ug{
d2t k'Ug] .
15
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
!!= dfGotf / hf]lvd M
1=
/fhgLlts k|lta4tf k|fKt x'g]5 .
2= ;/sf/sf] gLltut :yfloTj x'g]5 .
3= ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf ;'wf/ / lj:tf/ x'g]5 .
4= ;xsf/L If]qsf ;/sf/L lgsfo
Pj+ ;+3x¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4df
kof{Kt >f]t ;fwgsf] Joj:yf x'g]5 .
5= cfjZos P]g, lgodsf] th'{df / k|rlnt ;xsf/L sfg"g x¿sf]
kl/dfh{g ;dodf g} x'g]5 .
6= ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nflu ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfox¿,
u}/;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qx¿ / :yfgLo lgsfodf ;dGjofTds 9+un]
sfo{qmdx¿ sfof{Gjog x'g]5 .
7= ;/sf/–;xsf/L ;fem]bf/Ldf j[l4 x'g]5 .
!@= sfo{fGjog ;+oGq
1= lqjlif{o of]hgfsf] k|yd jif{sf] k"jf{w{df ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;+u7gfTds
;'wf/, sfg"gL tyf lgsfodf ;dofg's'n ;'wf/ ;xsf/L lzIff tyf
tfnLd Aoj:yf, ;dfj]lzs/0f Aoj;fo k|j4{g / cg'udg k4ltsf]
ljsf; cflb ljifodf lj:t[t cWoog / 5nkmn u/L bf]>f] jif{ b]lv
sfo{fGjog ul/g]5 .
2= of]hgfsf] k|yd jif{d} jfFsL #& lhNnfx¿df ;xsf/L sfof{no :yfkgf
u/L ;j} If]qdf ;xsf/Lsf] kx'Fr ;xh jgfO{g]5 .
3= sfo{qmd sfo{fGjog ug{ /fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{, /fli6«o ;xsf/L
;+3, s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 Pj++ ;Dj4 cGo ;/sf/L u}/ ;/sf/L
lgsfox¿ ;d]tsf] ;dGjo ;+oGq lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
4= dGqfno, ;xsf/L ljefu, /fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{ tyf ;xsf/L
;+3x¿af6 ;Dkfbg ul/g] sfo{x¿sf] sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog of]hgf
tof/ u/L ;j} lgsfox¿sf] lhDd]jf/L :ki6 ¿kdf ls6fg ul/g]5 .
5= nlIft sfo{qmdx¿ sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;/sf/ ;xsf/L ;xsfo{sf] e/kbf]{
Aoj:yf ldnfO{g]5 .
!#= cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg Joj:yf
1= ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg ;"rgf k|0ffnL ljsf; u/L cg'udg tyf
d"NofÍgdf k|of]u ul/g]5 .
16
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
2=
3=
4=
5=
6=
cg'udgsf nflu tof/ ul/g] :jlgodg, PEARLS Rating tyf
lgodgsf/L ;LdfnfO{ dWogh/ /flv u}/:ynut ;'kl/j]If0fjf6 k|fKt
hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df cfjZostf cg';f/ :ynut cg'udg ug]{
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
;+3÷;+:yfsf] ;'zf;gdf /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3, s]Gb|Lo ;+3x¿, lhNnf
;+3x¿nfO{ ;d]t ;xefuL / lhDd]jf/ jgfO{g] 5 .
cg'udg sfo{ dGqfno, ljefu, ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿ cfkm}n] jf
lj1x¿ dfkm{t ;d]t ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
jflif{s sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|ult ljZn]if0f ubf{ ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ;xeflutf
x'g] Joj:yf ul/g]5, k|ult ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df sfo{qmdsf]
k|efjsf/Ltf d'NofÍg ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L If]qsf] ljB'lto ;"rgf k|0ffnL (Website) nfO{ ;'b[9 tyf
cBfjlws u/L ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ;/n kx'Fr clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
17
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
kl/R5]b–@
;xsf/L ljefusf] k|zf;lgs ;+/rgf Pj+
;+u7gfTds 9f+rf
@=! k|zf;g / ;+u7g ;DjGwL k[i7e'ld
lj=;+= @)!) ;fndf ;xsf/L ljefusf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] .
;xsf/L ljefusf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf klg ;do ;dodf kl/jt{g e} cfPsf]
5 . ;xsf/L ljefunfO{ ljutdf s]nfP/ x]bf{ o;sf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{
ax'dvL ljsf; of]hgf, ;femf ;+:yf ln=, lgb]{lzt u|fd ljsf; ;ldlt,
;dGjofTds s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd, clgjfo{ art, hg;+Vof lzIff, ;fgf
ls;fg ;+:yf, ;xsf/L ;+u7gsf] gLltut cfwf/, ;+u7g :j¿k÷9f+rf
o;sf] kl/rfng k|0ffnL, ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] sfo{qmd tof/ ug]{ / s]Gb|
b]lv u|fdL0f tx ;Ddsf] ;+u7g v8f ug]{ ;Ddsf sfo{df ;+nUg ul/+b}
cfPsf] 5 .
;xsf/L P]g @)$* tyf ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( nfu" eP
kl5 ljutsf ;xsf/L P]g, lgod adf]lhd ;/sf/L lgoGq0fdf ;+rfng
e}/x]sf] ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ :jzfl;t Pj+, :jfoQtfsf] cjwf/0ff cg'¿k
;+rfng x'g k'u] . t/ ;do ;fk]If ;dfof]hg gePaf6 lhNnfdf ;xsf/L
sfof{nox¿sf] pkfb]otf Pj+ k|efj sd cf+sng ePsf] dxz"; x'g uof] .
oBkL ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ pNn]vLo ¿kdf u7g uO{ ;+rfngdf cfPsf 5g\
/ nfvf}+ hgtfx¿af6 s/f}8f}+sf] jrt /sd ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf lgIf]kdf
/xg uPaf6 cg'udg, ;'kl/j]If0f, tfnLd Joj:yfkg, k/fdz{ nufotsf
sfo{df ;/sf/L :t/af6 ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' kg]{ bfo/f emg km/flsnf] x'+b}
uPsf] 5 .
;xsf/L ljefusf] k|zf;lgs ;+u7g ;+/rgf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{
;Gbe{df j]nf j]nfdf uf]i7L, cGt/lqmof 5nkmn e} /x]sf] kfO{G5 . lj=;+=
@)%! df ;xsf/L ljefu cGtu{t ;f+u7lgs ;+/rgfdf ;'wf/ ljifos Ps
cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . h;df sd{rf/L b/jGbL
/ sfof{no ;+Vof ;DaGwL sfo{df ;/sf/df k]z ePsf] lyof] . lj=;+=
@)%# ;fndf s[lif cfof]hgf ;]jf s]Gb|af6 Study on the Structural
and Legal Aspects Relating to Department of Cooperatives
gfds cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ kf/L To;df k|zf;lgs ;+u7g, kbLo
18
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
ljj/0f, sfof{no /xg] :yfg lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . s[lif d+qfnoaf6
;xsf/Ltfsf] lbzfdf tyf ljefuLo ;+/rgf ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg @)%$ df
;xsf/Ltf ;fGble{stf, ;xsf/L If]qsf r'gf}tLx¿nfO{ :ki6 ¿kdf
phfu/ ub}{ ;xsf/L ljefu / cGtu{t sfof{nox¿n] lgodg sfo{ ug]{,
3'DtL tfnLd ;+rfng ;"rgf tyf tYof+s ;+sng ug]{ sfo{ tf]lsPsf]
lyof] .
lj=;+=@)%& df ;fdfGo k|zf;g d+qfnoaf6 k|zf;lgs ;'wf/
dfkm{t cfly{s ldtJolotf Nofpg sfo{jf]em sd ePsf sfof{nox¿nfO{
x6fpg] sfo{s|d ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] lyof] . lj=;+= @)%& kf}ifdf ;DkGg
ePsf] /fli6«o ;xsf/L sfo{zfnf uf]i7Laf6 g]kfndf ;xsf/Ltfsf]
ljsf;nfO{ ;do ;fk]If ¿kdf ult k|bfg ug{ dxTjk"0f{ ;'emfj k|:t't
ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fj{hlgs vr{ k'g/fjnf]sg cfof]un] lhNnf l:yt
;xsf/L sfof{nox¿ vf/]h ug]{ / ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yf pBf]u btf{
nufotsf sfo{sf nflu lhNnf /flhi6«f/sf] sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ ;'emfj
lbPsf] lyof] . o; lsl;daf6 ;xsf/L ljefusf] k|zf;lgs ;+u7g
;+/rgf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ k|of; x'+b} cfPsf]df @)^!.!.! b]vL ;xsf/L
ljefusf] jt{dfg ;+u7g ;+/rgf nfu" x'+b} cfPsf] 5 .
g]kfndf ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿sf] k|j4{g / lbuf] ljsf;sf] nflu
;/sf/L :t/af6 ;d]t k|efjsf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ cToGt cfjZos
ePsf]n] :yfgLo / s]Gb|Lo :t/df k|zf;lgs ;+u7g h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 .
o;sf nflu ;xsf/L ljefu, tfnLd s]Gb|x¿ / lhNnf l:yt sfof{nox¿
sfod /fVg' h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿nfO{ lhNnfdf sfod
/fVbf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] :yfkgf / k|efjsf/LtfnfO{ Wofg lbO{Psf]5 .
jt{dfg ;+u7g ;+/rgf k|f/De x'g' cufl8 ;xsf/L ljefu
cGtu{t ! ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb| / ^* lhNnfdf lhNnf ;xsf/L
sfof{nox¿ lyP . lj=;+= @)^!.!.! b]lv nfu" ePsf] jt{dfg ;+u7g
;+/rgfdf ljefu, Ps s]lGb|o ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, kf+r ljsf; If]qdf
Ps Ps j6f ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no / ## lhNnfdf
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿ /x]sf 5g\ . xfn sfod /x]sf
sfof{nox¿df /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fL b]lv >]0fL ljlxg sd{rf/Lx¿sf]
;d]t hDdf %($ b/jGbL /x]sf] 5 .
19
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
@=@ b/jGbL ljj/0f M
sfof{no -b/jGbL lgsfo_
b/jGbL ;+Vof
s_ ;xsf/L ljefu
@(
v_ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|
!(
u_ ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no ;'g;/L,
lrtjg / sf:sL -# x !*_
%$
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no, afFs] /
s}nfnL -@ x !&_
#$
3_ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no sf7df8f}+
!&
ª_ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no, wgs'6f–pbok'/, afUn'Í,
:ofÍhf, kfNkf, slknj:t', bf]nvf, wflbÍ, h'Dnf,
s+rgk'/, alb{of,a}t8L, / 8f]6L -!# x !#_
!^(
r_ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no, df]/ª, ;nf{xL,
nlntk'/, sfe|], af/f / ¿kGb]xL -^ x !%_
()
5_ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no– -emfkf, Onfd, l;/fxf,
wg'iff, /f}tx6, eQmk'/, g'jfsf]6, k;f{, dsjfgk'/,
tgx'+, gjnk/f;L, ;'v]{t / bfË_ -!$ x !$_
!*@
hDdf b/jGbL M–
%($
@=# hgzlQm ljj/0f M
;xsf/L ljefu / cGt{utsf s'n $) sfof{nox¿df ljleGg
>]0fL / ;d"xsf s'n %($ hgf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] b/jGbL /x]sf] 5 .
sd{rf/Lx¿sf] >]0fLut ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5 .
s|=
;+
1
2
3
4
5
6
ljef
u
s]=;=k|=s]
Gb|
l8lehg
sfof{nox¿
#*
hDdf
1
1


1


5
1
1
6





1
1
3
4

7
kbgfd
;]jf÷>]0fL
/lhi^«f/
pk /lhi^«f/
k|frfo{
pk k|frfo{
jl/i& ;xsf/L
clws[t
Zfvf
/f=k=k|=
/f=k=lå=
,,
,,


,,
/f=k=t[=
20
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
clws[t÷k|lzIfs
;xsf/L clws[t
n]vf clws[t
Sfg"g clws[t
s[lif k|lzIfs
s[lif cy{lj!
;xsf/L lg/LIfs
gf=;'=
sDKo"^/ ck|]^/
n]vfkfn
16
;=;=lg=÷vl/bf/
17
18
19
20
;=n]=kf=
^fO{lki^
*|fOe/
lkog
s"n hDdf

1
1
,,
,, -n]vf_
,, -sfg"g_
,, -s[lif_
,, -s[lif_
/f=k=cg+=k|
,,
,, -ljljw_
,, -n]vf_
/f=k=cg+=
lå=
,, -n]vf_
a]u cg';f/
>])fL ljlxg
,,

1



1

6
6
41
1
1
1
1
76
7
8
8

222
224

2
2
5
19
32
32
6
119
546
33
38
10
129
594

5
1
1


2
1
1
2
1
4
2
5
29
41




76
@=$ ;xsf/L ljefusf] ;+u7gfTds 9f+rf M
g]kfn ;/sf/
;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfno
;xsf/L ljefu
/lhi6«f/ - !
/f=k=k|yd -k|=_
pk-/lhi6«f/ - !
zf=c= gf=;'= s=c= vl/bf/ x=;=rf=lkog -
!
!
!
@
@
%
cf=k|=zfvf
sfg"g zfvf
of]hgf zfvf
n]=c= - !
n]vfkfn - !
;=n]=kf= - !
6fO{lki6 - !
sf=c= - !
gf=;'= - !
6fO{lki6 - !
zf=c= - !
gf=;'= - !
6fO{lki6 - !
;+3÷;+:yf
;+u7g
cg'udg
d"Nof+sg
zfvf
zf=c= - !
gf=;'= - !
6fO{lki6 - !
21
;xsf/L Joj;fo
tyf ahf/ k|j4{g
zfvf
;=s[=c=lj1 gf=;'= -
!
!
s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|- !
s=k|=zfvf
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg
sfof{no- %
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no- ##
/f=k=lå -k|=_
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
@=% ;xsf/L ljefujf6 ;+rfng x'g] lqmofsnfkx¿ M
1=
;xsf/L ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|of]u,
2= ;xsf/L k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; / o;sf] of]ubfg ;DjGwL cWoog÷
cg';Gwfg,
3= ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] cg'udg lg/LIf0f tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg
d"Nofªsg,
4= ;+:yfut ljsf; tyf ;'zf;gsf] nflu ;xsf/L lzIff, ;"rgf / ;+rf/
5= ;xsf/L sfg"gdf ;d;fdlos ;'wf/, ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yf ;+rfng
dfkb08 tyf lgb]{lzsfsf] tof/L
6= ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f cGt/ut ;fj{hlgs ;Dkltsf] ;+/If0f, tfnLd
xn tyf 5fqfjf; / sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f,
7= ;d"x hfu/0f dfkm{t ;xsf/Ls/0f, gof+ ;+3 ;+:yf btf{ / lgis[o ;+3
;+:yf lju6g / lnSjL8]zg,
8= ;xsf/L cleofgsf ;Dj4 lgsfo Pj+ ;+3÷;+:yfx¿sf] Ifdtf
clej[l4sf] nflu tfnLd tyf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd,
9= ;xsf/L cleofgsf ;Dj4 lgsfox¿df ;+:yfut k|ltlglwTj,
10= cg'udg, lg/LIf0f / cGo lgodg ;DjGwL sfo{ .
22
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
kl/R5]b–#
;xsf/L] ;+3 ;:yfx¿sf] ;+VofTds ljj/0f M
#=! ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] k[i7e'dL M
;xsf/L P]g @)$* hf/L x'g' cufl8 d'n's e/ *#) k|f/lDes
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ ;+rfngdf /x]sf lyP . of] P]g hf/L x'g' cufl8 ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿ sfg"gtM ;/sf/ åf/f ;+rflnt / lgb]{lzt lyP . lj=;+=@)$& df
d'n'sdf k|hftGqsf] k'g:yfkgf kl5 hf/L ;xsf/L P]g @)$* n]
cGt//fli6«o ;xsf/L l;4fGt / d"No dfGotfx¿sf] ;'lglZrttf u/]sf] x'bf
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿n] :jtGqtf / :jfoQtfsf] pkof]u ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt
u/]jf6 s|dzM ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+Vofdf a[l4 x'b} uPsf] b]lvG5 .
cf=a= @)^*–^( sf] cGTo ;Dd ;xsf/L ;+3 ;:yfx¿sf] ;+Vof @^%))
k'u]sf] 5 .
#=@ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+VofTds ljsf;qmd M
cf= a=
@)%$–%%
@)%%–%^
@)%^–%&
@)%&–%*
@)%*–%(
@)%(–^)
@)^)–^!
@)^!–^@
@)^@–^#
@)^#–^$
@)^$–^%
@)^%–^^
@)^^÷^&
@)^&÷^*
@)^*÷^(
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+Vof
$#$(
$*^)
%^&!
^$*$
&)&$
&$$%
&%(*
*)$%
*%#)
(&@)
!!#)@
!%*!#
@)!)@
@##)!
@^%))
23
;xsf/L ;+3x¿sf] ;+Vof
*@
*#
(&
NA
NA
NA
!!&
!@!
!@(
!#(
!$!
!&!
@)$
@#*
@%*
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
#=#= ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] jt{dfg l:ylt M
s|=;+=
!
@
#
$
%
^
-@)^( cfiff9 d;fGt ;Dd_
;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] lsl;d
;+Vof
k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yf
@^%))
lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3
^&
ljifout lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3
!&%
ljifout s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3
!$
/fli6|o ;xsf/L ;+3
!
/fli6|o ;xsf/L a}+s
!
hDdf
@^&%*
#=$ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3x¿sf] ljj/0f M
1=
g]kfn art tyf C0f s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
2= s]Gb|Lo b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
3= s]Gb|Lo t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
4= h'gf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
5= g]kfn s]Gb|Lo pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
6= g]kfn df}/Lkfng s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
7= g]kfn s[lif ;xsf/L s]Gb|Lo ;+3 ln=
8= s]Gb|Lo slkm ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
9= s]Gb|Lo pv' pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
10= g]kfn ljB't s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
11= g]kfn ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
12= g]kfn s]Gb|Lo :jf:Yo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
13= s]Gb|Lo lrof ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,
14= g]kfn s]Gb|Lo hl8a'l6 ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,
24
s}lkmot
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
#=% l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿sf] k|fb]lzs sfo{If]q / ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ljj/0f M
-@)^( cfiff9 d;fGt ;Dd_
s|=
;+=
;xsf/L sfof{nosf]
gfd
#
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no Onfd
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no emfkf
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no df]/ª
$
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no wgs'6f
%
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no l;/fxf
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no pbok'/
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no bf]nvf
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no wg'iff
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no ;nf{xL
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no /f}tx6
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no sf7df08f}+
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no nlntk'/
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no eQmk'/
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no sfe|]
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no wflbª
!
@
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
!%
;xsf/L
;+3sf] ;+Vof
;xsf/L
;+:yfsf] ;+Vof
Onfd, tfKn]h'ª /
kf+ry/
11
743
emfkf
7
570
df]/ª
5
855
wgs'6f,t]x|y'd,
;+v'jf;ef /
ef]hk'/
12
540
l;/fxf / ;Kt/L
6
906
pbok'/, ;f]n'v'Da',
cf]vn9'+ªf / vf]6fª
5
442
bf]nvf, /fd]5fk
7
789
wg'iff, dxf]t/L /
l;Gw'nL
13
1431
;nf{xL
4
853
/f}tx6
5
506
sf7df08f}+
6
3578
nlntk'/
7
929
eQmk'/
3
525
sfe|]knf~rf]s /
l;Gw'kfNrf]s
8
1662
wflbª
6
339
k|fb]lzs If]q
25
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
!^
!&
!*
!(
@)
@!
@@
@#
@$
@%
@^
@&
@*
@(
#)
#!
#@
##
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no g'jfsf]6
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no jf/f
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no k;f{
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no dsjfgk'/
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no tgx+"
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no :ofªhf
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no afUn'ª
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no
gjnk/f;L
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no ¿kGb]xL
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no kfNkf
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no slkna:t'
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no bfª
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no abL{of
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no ;'v]{t
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no 8f]6L
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no h'Dnf
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no s~rgk'/
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no a}t8L
g'jfsf]6 / /;'jf
3
394
jf/f
4
685
k;f{
2
544
dsjfgk'/
5
505
tgx+" , uf]/vf,
ndh'ª / dgfª
14
824
:ofªhf
5
278
afUn'ª, kj{t,
DofUbL / d':tfª
10
724
gjnk/f;L
5
444
¿kGb]xL
5
690
kfNkf / u'NdL
7
368
5
565
14
909
5
380
8
783
9
479
5
426
s~rgk'/ / 88]Nw'/f
7
375
a}t8L / bfr'{nf
3
245
slkna:t' /
c3f{v+rL
bfª, ?s'd, /f]Nkf,
;Nofg / Ko"7fg
abL{of
;'v]{t, hfh/sf]6 /
b}n]v
8f]6L, afemfª,
afh'/f / cf5fd
h'Dnf, x'Dnf, 8f]Nkf,
d'u' / sflnsf]6
26
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no ;'g;/L
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no lrtjg
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no sf:sL
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no af+s]
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no s}nfnL
#$
#%
#^
#&
#*
;'g;/L
4
459
lrtjg
7
615
sf:sL
5
452
af+s]
4
281
s}nfnL
2
407
242
26500
hDdf
#=% lhNnfut ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ljj/0f M
l;=g+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
lhNnf
tfKn]h"ª
k+fry/
Onfd
emfkf
t]x|y"d
ef]hk"/
;+v"jf;ef
wgs"^F
;"g;/L
df]/ª
cf]vn(+"uf
;f]n"v"Dj"
vf]^fª
pbok"/
l;/xf
;Kt/L
bf]nvf
/fd]%fk
l;Gw"nL
;nf{xL
dxf]Q/L
wg"iff
hDdf ;+:yf
73
184
486
570
119
122
91
208
459
855
99
43
88
212
400
506
452
337
352
853
473
606
hDdf ;+#
2
4
7
7
4
2
2
4
4
5
1
0
1
3
3
3
5
2
4
4
5
4
27
l;=g+=
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
lhNnf
:ofªhf
sf:sL
dgfª
¿kGb]xL
slknj:t"
gjnk/f;L
c#f{vf+rL
u"NdL
kfNkf
d":tfª
DofUbL
kj{t
afUn"ª
Ko"&fg
/f]Nkf
;Nofg
?s"d
bfª
h"Dnf
x"Dnf
d"u'
*f]Nkf
hDdf ;+:yf
278
452
6
690
433
444
132
178
190
28
156
215
325
144
100
107
105
453
182
65
63
39
hDdf ;+#
5
5
0
5
3
5
2
3
4
0
3
3
5
1
2
2
3
6
3
0
0
0
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
eQmk"/
nlntk"/
sf&df)*f}+
sfe|]knf~rf]s
l;Gw"kfNrf]s
wflbª
g"jfsf]^
/;"jf
lrtjg
dsjfgk"/
k;f{
af/f
/f}tx^
tgx+"
ndh"ª
uf]/vf
525
929
3578
1152
510
339
310
84
615
505
544
685
506
269
224
325
3
7
6
6
2
6
3
0
7
5
2
4
5
5
4
5
28
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
sflnsf]^
hfh/sf]^
alb{of
b}n]v
;"v]{t
a+Fs]
*F]^L
aemfª
c%fd
s}nfnL
afh"/f
bfr{"nf
a}t*L
**]Nw"/f
s`rgk"/
hDdf
77
105
380
198
480
281
142
98
178
407
61
102
143
110
265
26500
1
1
5
3
4
4
2
3
2
2
1
0
2
3
4
242
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
#=^ g]kfne/ btf{ ePsf] ;xsf/L ;+3x¿sf] ljj/0f M
35
30
25
20
Food
Gas
Motel
15
10
5
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
29
May
Jun
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
l;=
g+=
lhNnf
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
tfKn]h'ª
k+fry/
Onfd
emfkf
t]x|y'd
ef]hk'/
;+v'jf;ef
wgs'^F
;'g;/L
df]/ª
cf]vn('+uf
;f]n"v'Dj"
vf]^fª
pbok'/
l;/xf
;Kt/L
bf]nvf
/fd]%fk
l;Gw'nL
;nf{xL
dxf]Q/L
wg'iff
eQmk'/
nlntk'/
sf&df)*f}+
sfe|]knf~rf]s
l;Gw'kfNrf]s
wflbª
g'jfsf]^
/;'jf
lrtjg
dsjfgk'/
k;f{
af/f
/f}tx^
tgx+'
lh=;=
;+ #
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
1
1
1
art C)f
b'Uw
s[lif
pkef]Qmf
cb'jf
h'gf/
ko{^g
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
_
_
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
1
1
_
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
_
1
1
1
_
_
1
1
1
_
_
_
1
_
1
1
_
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
_
1
1
_
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
_
_
_
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
_
1
1
_
1
1
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
1
_
_
1
1
1
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
t/sf/L
kmnkm'n
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
1
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
30
slkm
:jf:Yo
pv'
lrof
ljB't
hl*j'^L
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
2
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
;'kf/L
1
;fdflhs pBdL
hDdf
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
2
4
7
7
4
2
2
4
4
5
1
_
1
3
3
3
5
2
4
4
5
4
3
7
6
6
2
6
3
_
7
5
2
4
5
5
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
ndh'ª
uf]/vf
:of~hf
sf:sL
dgfª
?kGb]xL
slknj:t'
gjnk/f;L
c#f{vf+rL
u'NdL
kfNkf
d':tfª
DofUbL
kj{t
afUn'ª
Ko'&fg
/f]Nkf
;Nofg
?s'd
bfª
h'Dnf
x'Dnf
d'u'
*f]Nkf
sflnsf]^
hfh/sf]^
alb{of
b}n]v
;'v]{t
a+Fs]
*F]^L
aemª
c%fd
s}nfnL
afh'/f
bfr'{nf
a}t*L
**]Nw'/f
1
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
1
1
_
_
_
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
1
_
1
_
1
1
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
_
_
1
1
_
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
_
_
1
_
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
1
_
1
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
1
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
1
1
_
1
_
_
_
1
_
_
1
_
_
1
_
_
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
31
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
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jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
75
s`rgk'/
hDdf
1
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53
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39
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242
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
kl/R5]b – $
ah]6 zLif{s adf]lhd ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx¿sf]
k|ult ljj/0f
$=! ;xsf/L If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf -#!@!#$–#÷$_
k[i7e'ld M
;xsf/L P]g, @)$* tyf ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( nfu' eP
kl5 ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿ k|ToIf¿kdf ;/sf/L lgb]{zg / lgoGq0fjf6
d'Qm eO{ :jzfl;t Pj+ :jfoQ ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf ;~rfng x'g] sfg"gL
k|fjwfgsf] yfngL eof] . jt{dfg cj:yfdf ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;sf]
;Gbe{df ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf lgods / k|j4{gfTds aGg k'u]sf] 5 . cf=j=
@)^*÷^( sf] cGTo ;Dd b]zdf s/La @^))) eGbf j9L ;xsf/L
;+3÷;+:yfx¿ btf{ e} ;~rfngdf cfPsf 5g\ . ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿sf]
;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf btf{ ug]{ / cg'udg ug]{ cfwf/e"t sfd dWo]
jh]6sf] cefjdf cg'udg ;DaGwL sfo{ k|efjsf/L x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
;xsfl/tfsf] efjgf cg'¿k ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ lbuf] t'Nofpg
cfjZos kg]{ sfo{qmdx¿ ;xsf/L ljefu tyf l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{nox¿ dfkm{t ;~rfngdf Nofpg ;lsPsf] v08df ;xsf/L
cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;sf/fTds lbzfdf cufl8 a9fpg / ul/jL Go'lgs/0fsf]
nflu ;xsf/L cGbf]ngnfO{ kl/rflnt ug{ ;lsg] k|jn ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5
. o;af6 ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿ cfk\mgf] p2]Zo cg'¿k lqmoflzn eO{
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f x'g] tyf :yfgLo ;|f]t ;fwgsf] kl/rfng /
pkof]uaf6 ;b:o gful/sx¿sf] cfly{s l:ylt, ;fdflhs hLjg:t/
tyf pBdlzntfsf] ljsf; ;d]t x'g uO{ ;xztfAbL ljsf; nIo /
rfn' cfjlws of]hgf @)^&–&) df kl/nlIot u/LjL lgjf/0f ug]{ p2]Zo
k"/f ug{df ;3fp k'Ug] ck]Iffsf ;fy cf=j= @)^*÷)^( df lgDg
sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
;xsf/L ;DaGwL j[Qlrq lgdf{0f tyf k|zf/0f M
d'n'ssf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k|0ffnLnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{
;xsfl/tfsf] k|j4{g, tyf ljsf;sf lgldQ ;xsf/L k|j4{g ;DaGwL
;r]tgfd"ns ;fdfu|L tof/L ug'{ h?/L ePsf] 5 . o;}qmddf ;xsf/L
33
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
ljefun] ljut jif{x¿ b]lv o; k|sf/sf k|j4{gfTds sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;} qmddf cf=j= )^*÷^( df ;xsf/L ;DjGwL ;"rgf
tyf hfgsf/L k|bfg ug]{ k|s[ltsf] 6]ln rnlrqx¿sf] lgdf{0f u/L pQm
;fdfu|Lsf] k|zf/0f dfk{mt ;xsf/L ;+jlGw hfgsf/Ld"ns ljifox¿nfO{
cfd gful/s dfem k'¥ofpg] sfo{qmd ;dfj]z ul/Psf] lyof] . o;
k|sf/sf] k|zf/0fhGo ;fdfu|Lsf] lgdf{0f dfk{mt ;xsf/Ltfsf cfwf/e"t
dfGotfsf cltl/Qm ;xsf/Lsf] ;kmntfsf] lgldQ cfjZos ljifodf
hfgsf/L lbg] / ;xsf/Lsf] gfddf x'g] ck|fs[lts lqmofsnfksf lj?4
va/bf/L ub}{ cfd hgtfnfO{ ;";'lrt ug]{ nIo adf]lhd
cf=j=@)^*÷^( df ;xsf/Lsf] Oltxf; emNsg] u/L cfd >f]tfnfO{
hfgsf/L k|bfg ug]{ p4]Zon] ;kmntfsf] ofqfdf ;xsf/L gfds
6]lnrnlrq lgdf{0f / k|;f/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . To;} u/L pv' pTkfbg
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ultljlwx¿nfO{ ;d]6]/ æljsNkæ gfds 6]ln
rnlrq lgdf{0f tyf k|zf/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . ut cf=j= df lgdf{0f ePsf]
Æx'G5 hxf+ ljsf; x'G5 Toxf+Æ gfds 6]lnrnlrq ;d]t pQm cf=j= df
k|zf/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . To;} u/L g]kfn ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ s]Gb|Lo
;xsf/L ;+3 4f/f ;+rflnt Pkm=Pd= g]kfn 8fo/Ljf6 b]z e/ ;"Gg
;lsg] u/L !@ k6s /l8of] lhªun k|;f/0f ePsf] lyof] .
;+:yfut ;'b[l9s/0f sfo{qmd M
;xsf/L ljefu cGtu{tsf lgsfox¿sf] ;+:yfut Pj+ ef}lts
kIf lgs} sdhf]/ /x]sf] sf/0f tL sfof{nox¿df sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sfddf
pTk|]l/t ;d]t u/fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . o; kl/k]|Iodf b}lgs sfo{
;+rfngsf lgldQ cfjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf cfk"lt{ u/L sfo{ ;Dkfbg
k|lqmofnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg' h?/L ePsf] 5 . o;} qmddf ljefu /
cGt{utsf sfof{nox¿sf nflu cfjZos Go"gtd ef}lts k"jf{wf/
;]jfx¿sf] lgdf{0f tyf Joj:yfkg u/L sfd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cfs{lift ug'{sf
;fy} sfof{no ;+rfngdf ;d]t ;'udtf Nofpg k|:t't sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ul/Psf] lyof] . cf=j= @)^*÷^( df s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf]]
5fqfjf;df cfjZos kmlg{r/ tyf k|lzIf0f sIfdf cfjZos d]lzg/L /
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no bfªsf] sfof{no ejgsf] lgdf{0f sfd ;DkGg
ePsf] / l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no df]/ª tyf wg'iffsf] sfof{no ejgsf]
34
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
lgdf{0f sfd z'? ePsf]5 . d]zLg/L vl/b zLif{sjf6 ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg sfof{no / l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿jf6 cfjZostf
cg';f/ sDKo"6/, kmf]6f]slk, Nofk6k, lk|G6/, km\ofS; / Sofd/f vl/b
ul/Psf] 5 .
kmlg{r/ tyf lkmSr;{ vl/bM
cf=j= @)^*÷^( df s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf]]
5fqfjf;df cfjZos kmlg{r/ vl/bsf] nflu ? ( nfv tyf ;xsf/L
ljefusf] nflu ?=! nfv ;d]t ?= !) bz nfv jh]6 ljlgof]hg
ul/Psf] lyof] . k|fKt jh]6sf] cfwf/df s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf]]
5fqfjf;df / ljefusf] nflu cfjZos kmlg{r/ kmlg{r/ vl/bsf] sfd
;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
s[lif hGo ;xsf/L k|zf]wg pBf]usf] :yfkgf cg'bfgM
tLg jlif{o cGtl/d of]hgfdf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yx¿sf] ;xsfo{df
!@% j6f ;fgf, % j6f demf}nf / # j6f 7"nf ;xsf/L pBf]ux¿ :yfkgf
ug]{ nIf jdf]lhd cf=j= @)^*÷^( df dx–#, lrof–(, cb'jf–!, ;'kf/L–
$, h'gf/–!, cn}rL–! / lrof sf/vfgf–! ;d]tsf @) j6f ;xsf/L
pBf]usf] nflu d]lzg/L cf}hf/ nufot k"lhut vr{ tkm{ ? #&(%) xhf/
cg'bfg lbg] sfd ePsf] lyof] .
dlxnf ;xsf/L 4f/f vfB k|zf]wg pBf]usf] :yfkgf cg'bfgM
dlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf 4f/f ;+rflnt ;;fgf !! j6f vfB k|zf]wg
pBdsf] nflu ?=!$() xhf/ cg'bfg lbg] sfd ePsf] lyof] .
;xsf/L s[lif kmfd{ :yfkgf cg'bfgM
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ 4f/f :yflkt ufO{, afv|f / a+u'/ kmfd{
;+rfngsf] nflu @( j6f ;+:yfx¿nfO{ ?=!@%%) xhf/ cg'bfg ljt/0f eof] .
;xsf/L zLte08f/ :yfkgf cg'bfgM
Gog"gtd @% j6f ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ ldn]/ ljsf;If]qut
¿kdf lzte08f/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu cfj]bg u/]df ;DefAotfsf] cfwf/df
k|To]s ljsf;If]qdf !.! j6f zLte08f/sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'n
35
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
k'FhLut nfutsf] %)Ü ;Dd cg'bfg lbg] nIo lnPsf]df cf=j= )^*.^(
df klZrdf~rnsf] :of+hf / dWodf~rnsf] lrtjg lhNnfdf b'O{ j6f
;xsf/L zLt e08f/sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? ug{ @%.@% nfvsf b/n] hDdf
%) nfv k'FhLUt cg'bfg pknAw u/fO{Psf] lyof] .
blntsf] k/Dk/fut k]zfsf] cfw'lgs/0fsf] nflu k'+hLut cg'bfg M
blntx¿sf] k/Dk/fut k]zf dWo] wft'sf] sfd ug]{ ;+:yf–!,
l;nfO{ s6fO{sf] sfd ug]{–! / gf}dlt jhf vl/b–@ u/L hDdf $ j6f
;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] nflu ? !$ nfv $) xhf/ k'+hLut cg'bfg pknAw
u/fpg] sfd ;DkGg eof] .
nlIft ju{ -x¿jf, r?jf, jfbL e'ldlxg_ sfo{qmd_ M
x¿jf, r?jf, jfbL, e'ldlxg / ;'s'Djf;Lx¿åf/f ;+rflnt
;xsf/LnfO{ j]df};ld t/sf/L v]tL ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu # j6f
;+:yfx¿nfO{ 5gf}6 u/L hDdf ? ^ nfv jLp k'+hLsf] ¿kdf cg'bfg
pknAw u/fO{of] .
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=sf] s]Gb|Lo ejg lgdf{0f cg'bfg M
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu cf=j=)^&.^* df ?
(& nfv *% xhf/ cg'bfg pknAw u/fO{Psf]df cf=j= )^*.^( df ? !
s/f]8 /sd cg'bfg lgsf;f lbg] sfd ;DkGg eof] .
;xsf/L ljefu kl/;/ ;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg M
cf=j= )^*.^( df s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb| / ;xsf/L
ljefusf] kl/;/nfO{ Jojl:yt u/fp+g] sfd ePsf] 5 . sfo{fnosf]
jftfj/0f cg's"n / k|efjsf/L agfpg kl/;/ ;'wf/sf] sfd ul/Psf]
xf] . ;xsf/L ljefu kl/;/sf] ef}lts jftfj/0fdf ;'wf/ ug{, ljefusf
sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ lgjf{w ¿kdf lkpg] kfgLsf] Joj:yf ug{ tyf sfof{no
;'/Iff ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu k|:t't sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
;xsf/L ÷s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb| / l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no
Onfd, emfkf,wgs'6f, pbok'/, g'jfsf]6, wflbª, jf/f, k;f{, / ;'v]{tsf]
kl/;/ ;'wf/sf] sfd ePsf] lyof] .
36
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L tYof+s Joj:yfkg Pj+ k|ltj]bg k|sfzg M
k|To]s lhNnfdf ;+rfngdf /x]sf ljleGg k|s[ltsf ;xsf/L
;+3÷;+:yfsf] ;+Vof, sfo{If]q, sf/f]jf/sf] nufotsf ljifodf hfgsf/L
k|fKt u/L tL clen]vnfO{ sDKo"6/s[t (Computerised) ug{] sfo{
;xsf/L ljefun] u/]sf] 5 . k|To]s l8lehg sfof{nodf ;"rgfx¿nfO{
cBfjlws u/L k|f]kmfOn k|sfzg ug{'sf ;fy} ;f] sfo{nfO{ lgoldt t'NofO{
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] k|j4{g tyf lgodg sfo{df ;xof]u h'6fpg] sfd
ePsf] 5 . ;"rgfsf] If]qdf ljleGg l8lehg sfof{nosf] kx'FrnfO{ ;'ud
t'Nofpg / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ pknAw u/fpg of] sfo{ h?/L dx;";
ePsf] 5 . lhNnfn] cBfjlws u/]sf] tYof+sx¿nfO{ ljefuaf6 Plss[t
u/L clen]vsf] ¿kdf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] tYof+s k|sflzg ug]{
of]hgf cg';f/ ut;fn s} lg/Gt/ sfo{qmdsf] ¿kdf of] sfo{qmd
;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
3'lDt ;xsf/L ;]jf tyf cg'udg sfo{qmd M
;xsf/L P]g @)$* n] ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfsf] btf{, ljlgod
;+zf]wg, vf/]hL nufotsf sfo{x¿ ug{ ;xsf/L ljefusf /lhi6«f/ jf
/lhi6«f/n] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/LnfO{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg x'g ;Sg]
Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L ljefu cGtu{tsf ;Dk"0f{ l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{nodf clws[tsf] kbk"lt{ x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f ;]jfu|fxLsf] lgldQ
;j{;'ne ¿kdf ;xsf/L ;DaGwL ;]jf lbg g;lsPsf] kl/k|]Iodf ;xsf/L
;DaGwL ;]jfnfO{ 3'lDt 6f]nL dfk{mt ;]jf k|bfg ubf{ k|efjsf/L x'g]
dx;'z u/L cf=a= @)^*÷^( df slxn] ljefujf6 / cfjZostf
cg';f/ l8lehg sfof{nojf6 clws[t ;lxtsf] 6f]nL ;DjlGwt :yfgdf
uO{ ;xsf/L ;DaGwL ;]jf lbg] p2]Zon] k|:t't sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf]
lyof] . To;} u/L ;xsf/L ljefusf /lhi6|f/ tyf cGo sd{rf/Lx¿jf6
$) k6s ljleGg l8lehg sfof{nox¿sf] lg/LIf0fsf] sfd ePsf] lyof] .
;xsf/L ;"rgf k|;f/0f Pj+ k|sfzg M
s= ;xsf/L ;DaGwL >Jo÷b[io ;fdfu|L k|zf/0f
;xsf/Ltf ;DjGwL ljleGg k|sf/sf ;Gb]zd"ns /]l8of] tyf
6]lnlehg lj1fkg Pj+ ;Gb]zx¿ cfly{s jif{ )^*÷^( df !^ k6s
37
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
k|zf/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . o; k|sf/sf ;Gb]zd"ns ;fdfu|Lx¿sf]
k|zf/0fjf6 cfd gfu/Lsx¿df ;xsf/L ;DjGwL ;r]tgf clej[l4 eO{
;xsf/L k|ltsf]] b[li6sf]0fnfO{ ;d]t ;sf/fTds jgfpg ;xof]u k'u]sf]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5, . To;} u/L ;xsf/LsdL{x¿nfO{ ;+:yf ;+rfngsf]
ljifodf yk hfgsf/L tyf ;"rgf k|fKt eO{ ;xsf/L efjgfsf] ljsf;df
;xof]u k'u]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] k|efj
;sf/fTds g} /x]sf] sf/0f cfufdL lbgdf ;d]t ;xsf/L ljefusf]
lgodgfTds / k|j4{gsf/L e"ldsf jxg ug{ ;xfos x'g] u/L of]
sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/ ¿kdf ;+rfng ul/b} cfPsf] b]lvG5 .
v= kq klqsf dfk{mt ;xsf/L ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|sfzg
;xsf/L ;DjGwL ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/Lx¿sf] k|jfx lgoldt
¿kdf x'g ;s]df g} ;xsf/L ;DjGwL lqmofsnfkdf k|efjsf/Ltf cfpg
;Sg] tYonfO{ dWogh/ /fvL ;xsf/L ;DjGwL ljleGg k|s[ltsf ;"rgf
tyf hfgsf/Lx¿nfO{ kq klqsfdf k|sflzt ug]{ sfo{qmd ut cf=j= b]lv
lg/Gt/ ¿kdf x'b}+ cfPsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] lglb{i6 u/]sf /fli6«o
:t/sf b}lgs kq klqsfdf tyf :yfgLo kq klqsfdf ;"rgf k|sflzt
oL ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/Lx¿sf] kxF'r ;d]t /fli6«o :t/df u/fpg ;xof]u
k'Ug] ePsf]n] ;xsf/L ljefusf] tk{mjf6 k|rf/ ug'{ kg]{ ljifox¿nfO{
lgoldt ¿kdf k|sfzg ug]{ p2]Zon] cf=j= )^*÷^( df of] sfo{qmd
;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . ljefujf6 @% k6s / l8lehg sfof{nojf6
!!@ k6s ;"rgf hf/L ePsf] lyof] .
If]qLo:t/df jh]6 th'{df tyf ;xsf/L ;"rgf Joj:yfkg ljlw / pkof]u
;DaGwL cGt/lqmof÷5nkmn M
Joj:yfksLo sfo{sf] sfo{s"zntfsf] cfwf/ xf] ;"rgf Joj:yfkg .
;xL ;"rgfsf] Joj:yfkgn] gLltut lg0f{o ug{ / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿df
cfjZos ;"rgfx¿ k|jflxt ug{ d2t k'Ub5 . ;xsf/L ;DjGwL tYout Pj+
k"0f{ ;"rgfn] ;xsf/L k|0ffnL dfk{mt /fli6«o cy{tGqdf /x]sf] of]ubfgsf] c+z
;d]t d"NofÍg ug'{sf ;fy} sfof{nosf] b}lgs sfo{;Dkfbgdf ;d]t of]ubfg
k'Ug] lglZrt 5 . o; k|sf/sf ;"rgfx¿sf cltl/Qm g]kfn ;/sf/sf
sfof{nox¿n] ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{ k|s[ltsf ;"rgf Pj+ tYofËx¿nfO{ ;'/lIft
/fVg] / tLgsf] pkof]u ug]{ Ifdtf ;d]t clej[l4 ug]{ k|of]hgsf lgldQ
38
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
clw/fHosf kfFr ljsf; If]q ;d]l6g] u/L ;DalGwt ;xsf/L sfof{no tyf
;xsf/L ;+3 P+j ;+:yf ;d]tsf] k|ltlglwTjdf rf/j6f If]qLo uf]i7L
cfof]hgf / ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
;xsf/L] k|j4{g cGt/lqmof -uf]i7L_
g]kfndf s[lif pTkfbg, pTkfbsTj Pj+ jhf/Ls/0fsf] lgldQ
s[ifsx¿s} ;xeflutf / Joj:Yffkgdf ;+rfng x'g] ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿
k|efjsf/L x'g] / pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] k|j4{g u/L u|fld0f
s[ifssf lgldQ jhf/ Joj:yfkg tyf ;+u7gfTds kIfsf jf/]df
;xsf/L ;DjGwL efjL lqmofsnfk / e"ldsfnfO{ j[l4 ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .
/fli6«o s[lif gLlt @)^! n] klg s[lifnfO{ Jofj;flos s[lifsf] ¿kdf
¿kfGt/0f ug{ cfjZos kIfx¿sf] clej[l4 ug]{ sfo{qmd /fv]sf] ;Gb{edf
s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] k|efjsf/Ltf clej[4L ub}{ ;xsf/L v]lt
k|j4{gsf lgldQ cfjZos kIfx¿sf] klxrfg / ljsf;sf nflu
cGt{/fli6«o If]qsf] cg'ej ;d]tsf cfwf/df gofF gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
th'{df ug{ ;xfos x'g] ck]Iff ;lxt /fl6|o ;xsf/L ;+3sf ;xsfo{ tyf
;DalGwt If]qsf lj1x¿sf] ;+nUgtfdf ;xsf/Lsf] e'ldsf ljifos
Pslbg] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd tyf s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf]
;xsfo{df Ps lbg] tfnLd k|efjsf/Ltf ;DjGwL cGt{lqmof uf]i7L
;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
jflif{s ;ldIff uf]i7L M
;xsf/L ljefu / cGt{utsf l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿sf]
sfo{;Dkfbgdf ;'wf/ ug]{ / :t/ clej[l4 ug{ cfk;df ;Dafb a9fpb}
;xsf/L ultljlwsf] ;+rfng / k|j4{gdf sfod /x]sf] ljefuLo gLlt
tyf sfo{qmdsf] jf/]df hfgsf/L lbO{ :yfgLo :t/df b]lvPsf sdL÷
sdhf]/Lx¿ ;'wf/ u/L sfo{df k|efjsf/Ltf Nofpg'sf ;fy} ljefuLo
sfo{qmd / gLltsf af/]df ;d]t hfgsf/L lbnfpg] / ljutsf
sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ;ldIff u/L efjL sfo{qmdsf] :t/ a[l4 ug]{ k|of]hgsf
nflu lgoldt sfo{qmd s} :j¿kdf k|:t't sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf]
lyof] .
39
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L cg'bfg ;DjGwL sfo{ljlw lgdf{0f
;xsf/L If]qsf] Aoj;flos sf/f]jf/df ljsf; / lj:tf/sf] ult
ltj| ¿kdf cufl8 a9b} uPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] sf/f]jf/df
k'FhLut ;xof]u ug{ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿nfO{ pknAw u/fpg] cg'bfg
tyf eG;f/ dx;'ndf 5'6 ;'ljwf ;DjGwL sfo{ljlw @)^* lgdf{0f eO{
:jLs[t ePsf] 5 .
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] clen]v ;DjGwL ;km\6jo]/ lgdf{0fM
g]kfndf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+VofTds j[l4sf] t'ngfdf
u'0ffTds j[l4 x'g g;s]sf] ;Gbe{df ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] tYofªsnfO{
Aojl:yt ug{ ;km\6jo/ lgdf{0f ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf dxz'; eP cg';f/
cf=j= @)^&÷^* df ;f] sfd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
;xsf/L ljefusf] ;+u7g Aoj:yfkg ;e]{If0fM
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+VofTds j[l4sf] t'ngfdf ;]jf
k|bfos ;/sf/L lgsfox¿sf] ;+Vof cToGt Go"g dxz'; ePsf]n] ;xsf/L
ljefu / cGt/utsf sfof{nox¿sf] ;+u7g / Aopj:yfkg ;e}If0f
ug]{sfd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
;xsf/L k|j4{g sfo{qmd M
s= ;xsf/L lbj; sfo{qmd M–
;xsf/Ltfsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ hLjg k4tLsf] cfwf/sf] ¿kdf
:jLsf/ ug]{ k/Dk/f / /fli6«o cy{tGqsf] ljsf; / ;LdfGt tx ;Dd
cfly{s lqmofsnfk k|jflxt ug{ dxTjk"0f{ dfWodsf] ¿kdf :jLsf/
ul/Psf] 5 . /fli6«o hLjgsf k|To]s If]qdf ;xsf/Lsf] efjgfnfO{ d"t{
¿k lbg] k|of; ePs} ;Gbe{df g]kfndf ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngn] ljlwjt
¿kdf ;+:yfut ¿k lnPsf] r}q @) ut]nfO{ cGo ;xsf/L sld{x¿;+usf]
;xeflutf Pj+ ;dGjodf ;xsf/L lbj; sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug]{,
;xsf/Ltfsf] efjgfsf jf/]df Jofks k|;f/ ÷k|;f/ ug]{ pb]Zon] k|:t't
sfo{qmd b]z e/ ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
40
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
v= ;xsf/L k|j4{g tyf hfu/0f ;fdfu|L k|sfzg M
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+Vof qmdzM a9\b} u}/x]sf] / o;sf
;b:o ;+Vof klg a9\b} uPsf] 5. ;xsf/L k|ltsf] hfu?stfsf sf/0f
gofF ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ :yfkgf x'g] tyf k'/fgf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ klg
k|efjsf/L jGg] qmd j9\b} uPsf] 5 . cfd gfu/Lsx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L
;+3÷;+:yfx¿ tyf o;df ;+nUg ;b:ox¿n] lgefpg' kg]{ e"ldsf Pj+
o;nfO{ s'zntfk"j{s ;+rfng ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ljlw tyf ;xsf/L
k|0ffnLdf x'g ;Sg] b'¿kof]usf] ;+efjgfnfO{ cGTo ug{ ;/f]sf/jfnf tyf
gfu/Lsx¿df tT;DaGwL ;r]tgf tyf hfu?stf l;h{gf ug]{ k|s[ltsf
k'l:tsf, hfgsf/L ljj/0f, lnkmn]6 k|sfzg ug]{ p2]Zon] of] sfo{qmd
;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
u= jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg k|sfzg M
;xsf/L ljefujf6 ljut Ps jif{ leq ;DkGg ePsf
ultljlwx¿nfO{ ;+sng u/L cf=j= @)^*÷)^( sf] jflif{s k|ult
k|ltj]bg k|sfzgsf] sfd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . o;jf6 ljefusf] ;du|
sfdsf] d"Nofªsg ug{df ;3fp k'Ug] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL x'g ;lsG5 .
;xsf/L hgzlQm ljsf; sfo{qmd M
s= sd{rf/L zLk ljsf; tyf lgodg tflnd sfo{qmd
;xsf/L ljefu cGtu{t xfn s'n %($ sd{rff/Lx¿sf] b/jGbL
/x]sf] 5 . oL b/jGbLx¿ dWo] ax';+Vos sd{rf/Lx¿ g]kfn k|zf;g
;]jfsf sd{rf/Lx¿ sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . oL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] k"0f{ kl/rfng
ljgf ;xsf/L ultljlwsf] k|efjsfl/tf clea[l4 x'g ;Sb}g . ;xsf/L
ljefudf hgzlQm ljsf;;+u ;DalGwt sfo{qmdsf] cefjdf
sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cfslif{t tyf pTk|]l/t ug{ / l:yfloTj sfod u/fpg
g;lsPsf] ;Gb{edf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L ;DaGwL ljifodf tflnd
k|bfg u/]sf] v08df pgLx¿sf] sfo{ bIftfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg ;lsG5 .
s'zn / k|lzlIft hgzlQm g} ;+u7gsf] k|efjsfl/tfsf] cfwf/ ePsf]
tYonfO{ dWo]gh/ /flv ;xsf/L ljefun] cf=j= @)^*÷^( df
sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;]jfsfnLg tfnLd, efiff tfnLd, sDKo"6/ tflnd cflb
k|bfg ug{sf nflu k|:t't sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
41
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
v= cWoog e|d0f sfo{qmd M–
ljutdf ljleGg ldq/fi6«x¿sf] tk{maf6 k|fKt x'g] 5fqa[lQsf]
dfqf / ;+Vofdf ;d]t s6f}tL ePsf] b[ionfO{ dWo]gh/ /fVbf ;xsf/Ltf
;DaGwL tflnd jf cWoog e|d0fsf] cj;/ xfn c;fWo} Go"g /x]sf] 5 .
s'zn / k|lzlIft hgzlQm g} ;+u7gsf] k|efjsfl/tfsf] cfwf/ ePsf]
tYonfO{ dWo]gh/ /fVb} ;xsf/L ljefun] cf=j= @)^*÷^( df ;xsf/L
;DaGwL ljifodf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cWoog k|bfg ug{ j}b]lzs e|d0fsf]
nflu k|:t't sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o; cf=j=df ;xsf/L
ljefu / cGt/utsf # hgf sd{rf/Lx¿n] ljb]z e|d0f u/]sf lyP .
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿
;xsf/L ljefu cGtu{t #* j6f ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿
;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g . ;xsf/L lqmofsnfknfO{ tNnf] :t/ ;Dd
Jojl:yt u/fpg ;lsg] tYo nfO{ dWogh/ /fvL ljefu cGtu{tsf lt
lgsfox¿af6 cf=j= @)^*÷)^( df ;+rfng ePsf sfo{qmdx¿sf]
ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] lyof] .
-s_ ;xsf/Ls/0fsf] nflu s[ifs tyf cGo ;d"x hfu/0f sfo{qmd M
ut cf=j=)^*÷^( df $#) j6f ljleGg ;d'xx¿nfO{
;xsf/Ls/0f ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf]df $#) j6f ;d'xx¿nfO{ ;xsf/Ls/0f
ug]{ sfo{s|d ;+rfng ul/of] . o; sfo{qmd cGt{ut s[lif, kz', dlxnf
ljsf;, ag, :jf:Yo, vfg]kfgL, :yfgLo ljsf; cflb If]qjf6 k|jl4{t
ljleGg k|sf/sf ;d"xx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L If]qdf cfj4 ug{ pTk]l/t ug]{
p2]Zon] #* j6f l8lehg sfof{no dfkm{t &% lhNnfdf sfo{qmd
;+rfng ug{ ah]6 k|:tfj ul/Psf] lyof] .
-v_ ;xsf/L lzlj/ ;+rfng M
o; sfo{qmd cGt{ut ljleGg lhNnfdf ;xsf/L ;DjGwL
lzlj/ ;+rfng u/L ;xsf/L jf/]sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ / cfd
gful/sx¿nfO{ lzIff / ;"rgf k|bfg u/L ;xsf/Ldf k|j]z u/fpg]
sfo{qmd /x]sf] lyof] . o; sfo{s|d cGt/ut ljz]if u/L pkef]Qmf k;n
;+rfng ug] ;xsf/L ;+:yx¿ / k'/fgf lgis[o ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;+rfns
42
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
tyf ;b:ox¿nfO{ pTk|]l/t ug{ ;3fp k'Ug] ck]Iff ul/Psf]df ^& j6f
;xsf/L l;lj/ ;+rfngsf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf lyP .
-u_ ;xsf/L v]lt k|j4{g sfo{qmd
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no cGt{ut u7g ePsf / cj u7g x'g]
ljleGg If]q / ljifo;+u ;DalGwt ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿n] ;xsf/L v]lt
k|0ffnL ;+rfng ubf{ cfjZos kg]{ 1fg tyf zLk ljsf; / k|j4{gsf]
nflu ljleGg lhNnf / If]qdf o; k|sf/sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf]
lyof] . cf=j= )^*÷^( df b]ze/ $! j6f ;xsf/L v]lt k|j4{g uf]i7L
;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
-3_ ;xsf/L ;'zf;g / ;dGjosf] nflu ;xsf/L sdL{x¿ jLrsf]
cGt{lqmof
;xsf/L Aoj:yfkg / ;'zf;gnfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg lhNnfdf
/x]sf ;xsf/L sdL{x¿ aLr cGtlqmof uf]i7Lsf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/L
;xsf/L ;'zf;g / Aoj:yfkgdf cKgfpg' kg]{ dfkb08sf] jf/]df 5nkmn
ug{] p2]Zon] g]kfn /fHo e/sf #* j6f ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿df o;
k|sf/sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df #* :yfgdf dfq cGt{lqmof
;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
-ª_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] btf{ vf/]hL tyf lnlSj8]zg
o; cGt{ut ljleGg l8lehg sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf #!) lgis[o
;xsf/L ;+3÷;:+yfx¿sf] btf{ vf/]hL / lnSjL8]zg–ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df
@&& j6f ;+:yfx¿sf] btf{ vf/]hL / lnSjL8]zg–ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ul/Psf]
lyof] .
-r_ ;xsf/L lbj;
k|To]s l8lehg sfof{noaf6 ;xsf/L lbj;sf ljleGg tf]lsPsf
sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ug]{ sfo{qmd adf]lhd cf=j= )^*÷^( df #* j6}
;xsf/L sfof{nox¿af6 ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngsld{x¿;Fu ;d]t ;dGjo u/L
;xsf/L lbj; dgfpg] sfd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
43
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
-5_ cg'udg lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no cGt{ut ljleGg lhNnfdf u7g
ePsf ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿sf] lgoldt cg'udg / lg/LIf0f u/L ;'emfj
;lxt k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg]{ sfo{qmd /x] adf]lhd cf=j= )^*÷^( df
%#^( ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] cg'udg lg/LIf0fsf] sfd ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] .
-h_ hfu/0f ;fdfu|L k|sfzg / Pkm=Pd=k|zf/0f
;xsf/L ;DalGw ljleGg ;"rgf / tYof+sx¿ k|sfzg / k|zf/0f
u/L ;xsf/L lzIff / ;+rf/sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ sfo{qmd adf]lhd
!!! j6f ljleGg hfu/0f ;fdfu|Lx¿ k|sfzg tyf ljt/0f /
Pkm=Pd=k|;f/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .
-em_ ;xsf/L lgodgsf] nflu ;"rgf k|sfzg
;xsf/L ;DalGw ljleGg ;"rgf / hfgsf/Lx¿ k|sfzg u/L
;xsf/L lzIff / ;+rf/sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ sfo{qmd adf]lhd !!$
k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg sfo{s|d /x]sf]df ljleGg #* l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{nox¿jf6 !!@ j6f ljleGg ;"rgfx¿ k|sfzg ul/Psf] lyof] .
-`_ ;xsf/L ;"rgf Aoj:yfkg u/L k|f]kmfOn tof/ ug]{M
o; sfo{qmd cGt{ut #* l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{noaf6 cfˆgf]
sfo{If]q leq ;+rflnt ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] tYofÍ ;lxtsf]
k|f]kmfon tof/ ug]{ sfo{qmd ;d]t /x]sf]df #* j6f l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{noaf6 k|f]kmfO{n tof/ ug]{ sfd k'/f ePsf] lyof] .
-6_ :yfgLo nfO{g Ph]G;Lsf kbflwsf/Lx¿;Fusf] cGt{lqmof uf]i7L M
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no cGt/ut ;+rflnt ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yx¿sf] ;xsfo{ / ;xeflutfdf cGt/ lhNnf cWoog e|d0fsf]
zLnzLnfdf ;kmn ;xsf/Lx¿sf] e|d0f u/L cg'ej cfbfg k|bfg
ul/Psf] 5 . of] sfo{s|d #* j6} l8lehgjf6 ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
-7_ ;xsf/L lzIff / tflnd M
;xsf/L If]q ;'b'9Ls/0f cfof]hgf cGt/ut ## j6f l8lehg
44
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L sfof{nojf6 cf=j= @)^*÷^( df b]xfo cg';f/sf tfnLdx¿
;+rfng ePsf lyP M
-!_ ;xeflutfTds ;xsf/L n]vfkfng tflnd
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ lbgfg'lbg j[l4 eP cg"¿k ;b:o ;+Vofdf klg
j[l4 e}/x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;xsf/L tflnd sfo{qmd k|ofKt gePsf] / tflnd
sfo{qmdnfO{ klg nfut ;xeflutfd'lv ug{ / ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmdsf]
¿kdf ;+rfng ubf{ ckgTjsf] cg"e'lt e} sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L x"g],
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] lzIff sf]ifsf] ;b"kof]u x"g] / g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
Jooef/ ;d]t sd ub}{ nuL eljiodf pgLx¿nfO{ g} ;zlQms/0f ug]{
p2]Zon] of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o:tf] sfo{qmddf
;+:yfaf6 sfo{of]hgf ;lxt tflnd dfu e} cfPdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] /
;+:yfsf] ;d]t of]ubfg /xg] u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ dgfl;j x"g] x"+bf
cf=j= @)^*÷^(=sf] nflu (& j6f ;xeflutfTds ;xsf/L n]vfkfng
tflnd sfo{qmd dWo] (# j6fsf tflnd ;DkGg eO{ @#@% hgf
;xsf/LsdL{x¿ nfeflGjt ePsf lyP .
-@_ k'j{ ;xsf/L lzIff tyf tflnd sfo{qmd
s[ifs ;d'x tyf cGo ;d'xnfO{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf kl/0ft ug{
lhNnf:t/df tflnd ;+rfng ug]{ u/L 107 j6f tflnd ;+rfng u/L
o;jf^ hDdf 2675 hgf ;xeflux¿ nfeflGjt ePsf lyP . oL tflnd
;+rfng ubf{ /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3;+u cfj4 lhNnf ;+3x¿df cfjZos
;dGjo u/L ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
-#_ ;xsf/L ;]rtgf sfo{qmd
lhNnf:t/df lbOg] ;xsf/L ;r]tgf tflndsf] nlIft ;+Vof !%&
/x]sf]df nIo cg';f/ ;j} tfnLd ;+rfng eO{ #(@% hgf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf
;+rfns tyf ;fwf/0f ;b:ox¿ nfeflGjt ePsf lyP . of]] sfo{qmd
;+rfng ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf ljifout lgsfox¿, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 Pj+
ljifout ;+3;+u ;d]t ;dGjo u/L ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
45
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
-$_ ;xsf/Ldf /0fgLlt of]hgf th'{df tfnLd
kfFrj6f ;xsf/L k|l;If0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no cGt/ut /0fgLlt
of]hgf th'{df ljifos tfnLd ;+rfng ug]{ nIo /flvPsf]df $ j6f ;DkGg
eO !)) hgfnfO{ k|lzIf0f k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
-8_ ;xsf/L sfof{no tyf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] k|ult ;dLIff uf]i7L M
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nosf] k|fb]lzs If]q leq u7g ePsf
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] q}dfl;s k|ult ;dLIff ug]{ u/L k|To]s l8lehg
;xsf/L sfof{non] #.# j6fsf b/n] hDdf !!$ j6f k|ult ;dLIff uf]i7L
ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df nIo cg';f/ ;j} l8=;=sf=af6 #.# j6fsf b/n] hDdf
!!$ uf]i7L ;DkGg u/]sf lyP .
-9_ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿sf] sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f M
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no bfª, df]/ª / wg'iffsf] sfof{no ejg
lgdf{0fsf] sfd z'? ePsf]df l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no bfªsf] sfof{no
ejg lgdf{0fsf] sfd ;DkGg ePsf] / l8=;=sf= df]/ª tyf l8=;=sf=
wg'iffsf] sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f rfn' cjf:yfdf /x]sf] 5 .
$=@ ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb| -#!@!##–#÷$_
k[i7e'ld M
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf] k|d"v p2]Zo ;xsf/L lzIff / k|lzIf0fsf]
dfWodaf6 ;xsf/Ldf ;+nUg hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ug"{ xf] . o;
;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] :yfkgfsfn b]lv g} ;xsf/L lzIff tyf tflnd ;+rfng
ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L If]q tyf jftfj/0fdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g;+u} tflnd
;+rfng ug]{ k4ltdf ;do ;fk]If ;"wf/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfx¿ vf]n]/ ;f] dfkm{t Joj;flos sfd sf/f]jf/ ug]{ k4ltdf s]xL jif{
otf ljsf; x"+b} cfPsf] x"gfn] ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;+Vofdf lbgfg"lbg j[l4
x"+b} uO/x]sf] 5 . o;} tYonfO{ dWogh/ u/L o; ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
s]Gb|nfO{ s]GbLo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|df kl/0ft u/L b]zsf cGo ljleGg
5 lhNnfdf ;d]t ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no :yfkgf u/L
pRrtxsf tflndx¿ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|df k|f/lDes tflndx¿
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{noaf6 ;+rfng x"g] / r]tgfd'ns
sfo{qmdx¿ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{noaf6 ;+rfng ePsf] lyof] .
46
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
o;/L ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|af6 ;+rflnt ljleGg tflnd sfo{qmd
cGtu{t bL3{sflng s[lif ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ ;d]t d2t k"Ug] u/L
s[ifsx¿sf] cfly{s lxtnfO{ 6]jf k"¥ofpg b"Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf,
jx"pb]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf, dlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf, jrt tyf C0f
;xsf/L ;+:yf h:tf ;xsf/L ;d'xsf ;+rfns÷Joj:yfks tyf
;b:ox¿nfO{ ;xsf/L lzIff, ;r]tgf tyf cfwf/e't ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg
tflnd k|bfg ug]{ sfo{qmd /fVb} cfPsf] 5 .
oL sfo{qmdsf] ljleGg ;dodf ul/Psf] cWoogaf6 ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿sf] sf/f]jf/df ljljlws/0f d"gfkmf cfh{g Ifdtfdf j[l4 / Joj;flos
;f]rsf] ljsf; e} ;sf/fTds l:yltsf] ;+s]t ;d]t b]vfk/]sf] 5 . o;
cltl/Qm lbgfg'lbg j9\b} uPsf jx"d"vL Pj+ jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿sf] sf/f]jf/nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ ;DjlGwt ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;+rfns
tyf Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ cfwf/e't ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg tflnd / Joj;fo
k|j4{g tflnd klg ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfufdL lbgdf pkef]Qmf tyf
z]o/xf]N8/x¿sf] lxt ;+/If0fdf ;r]ttf Nofpg k|lzIf0fnfO{ 3"DtL ¿kdf
klg ;+rfng ug"{ kg]{ cfjZostf j9]sf] 5 . ;fy} s[lif ;xsf/LnfO{
jhf/Ls/0f ug]{tkm{ Wofg k"¥ofpg" kg]{ dx;"; e} o; s]Gb|sf] tflnd
kf7\oqmdx¿df ;dofg";f/ ;"wf/ ub}{ nluPsf] 5 . cg"udg kIfnfO{ ;zQm
/ ;"b[9 ug{ ;xsf/Ldf sfo{/t hgzlQmnfO{ n]vf ljZn]if0f ug{ ;Ifd
t"Nofpg n]vfkfng tflnd / ;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ ;xsf/L lzIff, ;r]tgf
tyf tflnd klg ;+rfng x"+b} cfPsf] 5 / cfufdL jif{ klg lg/Gt/tf lbg"
kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . k|lzIf0f lbg] qmddf ;Dj4 sd{rf/Lsf] bIftf / Ifdtf
ljsf; ug"{ klg cfjZos x"G5 . ;f] sf] nflu ;xsf/L ljefu / k|lzIf0f
s]Gb|sf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflndsf dfWodaf6 k|lzIf0f ;Lk
ljsf; ug]{ / cWoog cg";Gwfgsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng u/L tflnd
kf7\oqmd / kf7of]hgf kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{nfO{ klg lg/Gt/tf lb+b} cfO/x]sf]
5.
p2]Zo
o; s]Gb|sf] d"Vo p2]Zo, ;xsf/L If]qdf ;+nUg /x]sf kbflwsf/Lx¿,
Joj:yfks / sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;Lk, 1fg / Jojxf/df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g
Nofpg tflnd / cg";Gwfg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug"{ /x]sf] 5 . o;sf
47
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
cltl/Qm s]Gb|sf] p2]Zox¿ b]xfo jdf]lhd 5g\M
s_ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L Pj+ ;b:ox¿df Joj;flos ;f]rsf]
ljsf; ug]{ .
v_ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfdf ;+nUg kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] Joj:yfksLo Ifdtfdf
clea[l4 ug]{ .
u_ ;xsf/L lzIffsf] dfWoaf6 ;xsf/Lsf ;j{dfGo l;4fGt gLlt nufot
sfd st{Jo / sfo{If]qsf] jf/]df ;r]ttf hufO{ ;f]xL cg";f/ ;+:yf
;+rfng ug{ pTk|]l/t ug]{ .
gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
1= ;xsf/L Joj;fodf ;+nUg /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L tyf
Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ s]Gb|:t/df tflnd k|bfg ug]{ .
2= ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngdf nfu]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;b:ox¿nfO{
If]q:t/df tflnd ;+rfng ug]{,
3= cfwf/e't txdf ;+rfng x"g] tflndx¿nfO{ k|efjsf/L / k|lzIffyL{
s]Gb|Lt jgfpg tflnd ;fdfu|L tof/ ug]{ .
4= ljleGg ;d'xx¿nfO{ ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodåf/f Joj;flos s[ofsnfkdf
;+nUg x"g ;xsf/L lzIff ;DjGwL tflnd ;+rfng ug]{ .
5= ;xsf/L tflnd / cg";Gwfgdf bIftf Nofpg s]Gb|sf k|lzIfsx¿,
lhNnfsf clws[tx¿nfO{ tflnd k|bfg ug]{ .
cf=j=)^*.^( df ;+rflnt k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdx¿M
1= clws[t:t/ k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tfnLd -15 lbg]_ M ;xsf/L If]qdf
sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿df ;xsf/L n]vf ;DjlGwt Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{
p2]Zo /fvL ;xfos:t/df Pp6f tflnd ;+rfng ul/of] . of] tflnd
!% sfo{ lbgsf] /x]sf] lyof] . o; tflnddf clws[t:t/sf @% hgf
;xefuLnfO{ k|lzIf0f ;+rfng ul/of] .
2=
3=
;xfos:t/ k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tfnLd -!% lbg]_ M ;xsf/L If]qdf sfo{/t
;xfos:t/sf sd{rf/Lx¿df k|lzIf0f Ifdtf j[l4 ug]{] p2]Zo /fvL
;xfos:t/df Pp6f tflnd lbg] sfo{qmd /x]sf] lyof] . pk/f]Qm k|lzIfs
k|lzIf0f tflnd !% sfo{ lbgsf] x'g] u/L ;~rfng ePsf] lyof] . of]
tflnddf ;xfos:t/sf @% hgf ;xefuLnfO{ k|lzIf0f lbOPsf] lyof] .
48
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
4=
;xsf/L Joj;fo tyf ahf/ k|jå{g tflnd M ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]
Joj;flos bIftf j[lå eO{ pTkfbgdf ;d]t j[lå eO/x]sf] 5 . t/
;xsf/L ;+:yfdf jhf/ 1fgsf] cefjdf pgLx¿ cfkm\gf pTkfbgsf]
ljqmL ljt/0f / jhf/Ls/0fdf k5fl8 k/]sf 5g\ . ctM ;xsf/L
;+:yfsf ;+rfns / Joj:yfksdf ;xsf/L Joj;fo tyf jhf/ ;DjGwL
1fgsf] clej[lå ug{ of] tflnd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . of] tflnd,
Joj;flostfdf
cfPsf ;xsf/L ;+rfnsx¿nfO{ s]Gb|Lt u/L
pRr:t/sf] ;Lk / 1fg k|bfg u/Lg] u/L ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . of]
tflnd !) sfo{ lbgsf] x"g] u/L ^ j6f tflnddf !%) hgf
;xeflux¿nfO{ k|lzIf0f k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
5=
Joj:yfkg ;Lk ljsf; tflnd M ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;+rfns tyf
Joj:yfksx¿df ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;+rfng ubf{ cfO{kg]{ sfof{no
Joj:yfkg, sd{rf/L Joj:yfkg, clen]v Joj:yfkg, n]vf Joj:yfkg
cflbsf] Kofs]h jgfO{ k|lzIf0f lbOg]5 . o;df !% sfo{ lbgsf] x"g] u/L
@ j6f tflnddf %) hgf ;xeflux¿nfO{ k|lzIf0f k|bfg ul/Psf]
lyof] .
6=
/0fg}lts of]hgf th"{df ;DjGwL tflndM ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;+rfns
tyf Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ ;DjlGwt ;xsf/Lx¿sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf]
nflu ;f]r, /0fgLlt, nIf, p2]Zo nufotsf] of]hgf k|s[of ;DjGwL
ljifosf] k|lzIf0f lbg] nIo ;lxt !) sfo{ lbgsf] /0fg}lts of]hgf
th"{df ;DjGwL ^ j6f tflnddf !%) hgf ;xeflux¿nfO{ k|lzIf0f
k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
7=
;xsf/Ldf Joj;flos g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd M lhNnf ;+3x¿df sfo{/t
;+rfns kbflwsf/Lx¿ / Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ ;DjlGwt ljifosf]
Joj;flos g]t[Tj ;Lk k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zon] of] tflnd sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ul/Psf] lyof] . of] tflnd & sfo{ lbgsf] x"g] u/L @ j6f tflnddf %)
hgf ;xeflux¿nfO{ k|lzIf0f k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
8=
k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd M ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;+Vof lbg k|ltlbg j[lå x"+b}
uO/x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/åf/f ;+rflnt tflndn] ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;fx|} ;fgf]
lx:;f dfq cf]u6\g ;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . sltko ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿n]
49
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
cfkm\g} ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] pkof]u u/L tflnd sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{
u/]sf 5g\ . t/ pgLx¿;+u /fd|f k|lzIfsx¿sf] cefj 5 . To;}n]
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf ;+rfns÷ Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f
tflnd k|bfg u/L pgLx¿dfkm{t ;xsf/L tflnd k|bfg ubf{ k|efjsf/L
x"g] dg;fon] !% sfo{ lbg sfod u/L !) j6f k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f
tflnd ;+rfng u/L @%) hgf ;xeflunfO{ k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd
lbOPsf] lyof] . /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 Pj+ s]lGb|o ;+3sf] cfjZostf
cg";f/ ;dGjo u/L k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
8= ;+:yfut Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd M ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;+VofTds j[lå
x'+b} uO/x]sf] ePtf klg o;sf] u'0ffTds ljsf; k5fl8 k/]sf] 5 .
;/sf/åf/f ;+rflnt tflndn] ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;fx|} ;fgf] lx:;f dfq
cf]u6\g ;s]sf] 5 . To;}n] ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf ;+rfns÷
Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd k|bfg u/L pgLx¿dfkm{t
;xsf/L tflnd k|bfg ubf{ k|efjsf/L x"g] dg;fon] ^ j6f ;+:yfut
Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd cfof]hgf u/L !%) hgf ;xeflunfO{ ;+:yfut
Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd lbg] sfd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
9=
;xsf/L Aoj:yfkg / n]vfkfng tfnLdM M ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf
;+rfns÷ Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd k|bfg u/L
pgLx¿ dfkm{t ;xsf/L If]qdf tflnd k|bfg ug{ ;s'g eGg] p2]Zosf
;fy $ j6f n]vf tyf Aoj:yfkg ljifos #) lbg] tfnLd ;+rfng
ul/Psf] / o;jf6 !)) hgf ;xeflux¿n] k|lzIf0f k|lZfIf0f ;'ljwf
k|fKt u/]sf lyP .
10=
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg / ljsf;M
 ljleGg ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] cfjZostf klxrfgsf] glthfsf] cfwf/df
b'O{ j6f cWoog u/L k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] sfo{qmd /flvPsf] lyof] .
o;sf nflu ?= !*) xhf/sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] cg';Gwfg u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ sfd ePsf]
lyof] . dlxnf ;b:ox¿4f/f ;+rflnt ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]
Aoj:yfksLo kIf Ps cWoog / wgs'6f lhNnfsf ljB't ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿sf] cfwf/ /]vf ;e]{If0f Ps cWoog gfds k|ltj]bg tof/
50
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg

ulPsf] lyof] .
tflnd ;fdfu|L tof/L tyf k|sfzg M o; ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|n]
tflndsf] cltl/Qm ljleGg cWoog ;DjGwL k|lzIf0f ;fdfu|L,
kf7\ok":tsx¿ tof/ ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 / eljiodf klg ub}{ hfg]5 .
o;/L tof/ u/]sf k":ts, cWoogdfnfx¿ 5kfO{ u/L If]qLo
k|lzIf0f s]Gb| tyf lhNnf ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿ dfkm{t
;xsf/LsdL{x¿nfO{ ljt/0f ug]{ sfd ePsf] lyof] . ;xsfl/tf
;DjGwL k|lzIf0f ;fdfu|L k|sfzg ug{sf nflu s"n ?= $))
xhf/sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf] lyof] .
!!= cg'udg÷d"Nof+sg÷k|ltj]bg sfo{qmd M ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd
s]Gb|df dfq ;Lldt g/fvL If]q / lhNnf:t/af6 ;d]t ;+rfng ug]{
gLlt cg"¿k lhNnf:t/df /x]sf #* sfof{nox¿ :yfkgf ePsf] 5 .
o;/L lhNnf:t/df tflnd sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]/ dfq gk"uL ;f]
tflnd sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/L cg"udg ug]{ Joj:yf x"g ;s]df dfq
pQm tflndsf] k|efjsfl/tf x"g ;Sg]5 . o; jfx]s To:tf
sfof{nox¿df ;od ;oddf e|d0f u/L k|ltj]bg ;d]t k|fKt ug"{kg]{
x"G5 . o;} tYonfO{ dWogh/ /fvL lhNnf:t/sf tflndsf] cg"udg
ug]{ p2]Zo /fvL ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no / l8lehg
;xsf/L sfo{nox¿df o:tf cg"udg ug]{ nIo /flvPsf] 5 .
!@= k':tsfno ;"b9Ls/0f sfo{qmd M ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|df /x]sf
;Gbe{ k':ts tyf tfnLd ;fdu|Lx¿sf nflu ?= ! nfv #) xhf/
ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] lyof] . gof+ / kl/jt{g ;fk]If :jb]zL / ljb]zL
kf7\ok":tsx¿ cfjZos kg]{ / k":tsfnonfO{ ;do;fk]If cTofw"lgs
jgfp+b} k":tsfnonfO{ ;d]t ;"b[4 ug]{ p2]Zo /fvL of] sfo{qmd
/flvPsf] lyof] .
!#= lgld{t ;fj{hlgs ;+klQ ;+ef/ vr{ -s]Gb|:t/_ M o; s]lGb|o ;xsf/L
k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf] ef}lts ;+/rgf k"/fgf] eO{ lgoldt dd{tsf] 68\sf/f]
cfjZostf dx;"; ePsf]n] ejgsf 5fgf, vfg]kfgL, 9n, tyf
zf}rfnox¿sf] dd{tsf nflu ?= %@) xhf/sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ul/Psf] lyof] .
If]qLo:t/ -;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no – %_ j6f ;+rflnt
51
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
sfo{s|dx¿ M
-!_ cfwf/e't ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg tflnd -;xfos:t/_
jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L, jx"p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L, s[lif If]qdf cfwfl/t
;xsf/L cflb h:tf ljljw ljifodf cfwfl/t ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf
;b:ox¿nfO{ o; k|sf/sf] k|lzIf0f lbOPsf] lyof] . o:tf] k|lzIf0f
If]qLo tfnLd s]Gb| dfkm{t ;+rfng ul/Psf]] lyof] . oL tflnd ;+rfng
ubf{ /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3;+u cfj4 lhNnf ;+3x¿df cfjZos ;dGjo
u/L ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . If]qLo:t/df lbOg] ^ lbg] of] tflnd
hDdf @^ j6f ;+rfng ul/Psf] / o;jf6 ^%) hgf ;xefuL
nfeflGjt EPsf lyP .
-@_ cfwf/e't ;xsf/L n]vfkfng tflnd -;xfos:t/_
;xsf/L ;+:yfsf Joj:yfks / n]vf ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ of]
tflnddf ;xefuL u/fOPsf] lyof] . tflnd ;+rfng ubf{ /fli6«o
;xs/L ;+3;+u cfj4 lhNnf ;+3x¿df cfjZos ;dGjo u/L ;+rfng
ul/Psf] lyof] . ljleGg If]qdf u/L #$ j6f tfnLd ;+rfng u/L hDdf
*%) hgf ;xsf/Lsf Joj:yfks / n]vf ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿nfO{
tfnLd pknJw u/fOPsf] lyof] .
-#_ ljifout ;xsf/L Joj;fo clea[l4 tflnd -;xfos:t/_
ljleGg ljifout k|s[ltsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ btf{ ug]{ qmd j9\bf] /xsf]
5 . t/ ;+:yf btf{ eP cg";f/ ;xsf/L Joj;fosf] ljsf; eg] x"g
;s]sf] 5}g . o; cj:yfdf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sdf] ljifout k|s[lt
cg";f/ ;xsf/L Joj;fo clea[l4 ug{ ljifout ;xsf/L Joj;fo
clea[l4 tflnd sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o; lzif{sdf % j6f
tflnd ;+rfngjf6 hDdf !@% hgf ;xsf/LsdL{x¿ nfeflGjt ePsf
lyP .
-$_ ;xeflutfTds ;xsf/L n]vfkfng tflnd
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ lbgfg"lbg a[l4 eP cg"¿k ;b:o ;+Vofdf klg a[l4
e}/x]sf] / tflnd sfo{qmd k|ofKt gePsf] ;Gbe{df tflnd
sfo{qmdnfO{ nfut ;xeflutfd'vL agfpg / ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmdsf]
¿kdf ;+rfng ubf{ ckgTjsf] cg"e'lt e} sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L x"g],
52
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] lzIff sf]ifsf] ;b"kof]u x"g] / g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
Jooef/ ;d]t sd ub}{ nuL eljiodf pgLx¿nfO{ g} ;zlQms/0f ug]{
p2]Zon] of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o:tf] sfo{qmddf
;+:yfaf6 sfo{of]hgf ;lxt tflnd dfu e} cfPdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] /
;+:yfsf] ;d]t of]ubfg /xg] u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ dgfl;j x"g]
x"+bf cf=a= @)^*÷^( sf] nflu ;xeflutfTds ;xsf/L n]vfkfng
tflnd sfo{qmd tkm{ !$ j6f tfnLdaf6 #%) hgf ;xsf/LsdL{x¿
nfeflGjt ePsf lyP .
-%_ ;xeflutfTds cfwf/e"t ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg tflnd
;xeflutfTds ;xsf/L n]vfkfng tflnd sfo{qmd h:t} ;xsf/L
Joj:yfkg ;+jlGw tflnd klg ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ;xeflutfdf
;+rfng ug]{ p2]Zon] 5 j6f ;xeflutfTds ;xsf/L Aoj:yfkg
tflnd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o; sfo{qmd tkm{ !) j6f tfnLd
;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] o; tflndaf6 @%) hgf ;xsf/LsdL{x¿
nfeflGjt ePsf lyP .
-^_ clen]v Joj:yfkg tflnd
;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;'rgf k|0ffnLnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg ;+:yfdf sfo{/t
;+rfns / Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ Jojl:yt clen]v /fVg] ;DjGwL ! lbg]
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . % j6f clen]v Aoj:yfkg tflnd
;+rfng u/L !@% hgfnfO{ tfnLd k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
-&_ k'j{ ;xsf/L lzIff tflnd
;xsf/L lzIffnfO{ cfd gful/sx¿ jLr k|rf/ k|;f/ u/L ;xsf/L
cleofgnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg ;d'xdf sfo{/t kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ of]
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . !* j6f k'j{ ;xsf/L lzIff
tflndaf6 $%) hgfnfO{ k|lzIf0f k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
-*_ ;xsf/L cled'lvs/0f÷;xsf/L Joj:yfkg tflnd
;xsf/L ;+3;+:yfsf ;+rfns tyf Aoj:yfksx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L
Joj:yfkg ;+jlGw k'g/ tfhuL tflnd k|bfg ug]{ p4]Zon]] % j6f
tfnLd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o; tflndaf6 !@% hgf
53
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/LsdL{x¿ nfeflGjt ePsf lyP .
-(_ ;xsf/L ;r]tgf tflnd
;xsf/L lzIffnfO{ cfd gful/sx¿ jLr k|rf/ k|;f/ u/L ;xsf/L
cleofgnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg ;+3 ;+:yfdf sfo{/t kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{
Jojl:yt 1fg lbgsf nflu ;xsf/L ;r]tgf sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ul/Psf] lyof] . !& j6f tflnd af6 $@% hgfnfO{ tfnLd k|bfg
ul/Psf] lyof] .
-!)_ dfdnf cWoog
;xsf/L ljefu cGt/ut ;+rflnt kf+rj6f ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf
l8lehg sfof{nox¿jf6 x/]s sfof{nosf] sfo{ If]q cGt/ut kg]{ u/L
Ps Ps If]q jf k|s[ltsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] dfdnf cWoog ug]{ sfo{
nIo jdf]lhd % j6f dfdnf cWoogsf] sfd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
-!!_ 5fqfjf; ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ M
kfFr ljsf; If]qdf /x]sf ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x¿nfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f
/ ;'wf/ ub}{ hfg] p2]Zon] cfufdL cf=j= df ;DkGg x'g] lx;fjn]
tfnLd xn ;lxtsf] 5fqfjf; ejg lgdf{0fsf] sfd z'? ePsf]df
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no, sf:sL, kf]v/fsf] 5fqfjf;
ejg ;DkGg ePsf] cj:yf 5 eg] cGo rf/ If]qdf 5fqfjf;
lgdf{0fsf] sfd rfn' cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 .
54
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
kl/R5]b–%
ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿sf] efl/t tyf ljQLo k|ult
%=! k[i7e'ld
;xsf/L ljefun] ;xsf/L P]g, lgod cg';f/ lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L
k'/f ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Lsf cGt//fli6«o l;4fGt o;sf] kl/kfngf
u/L d'No / dfGotfdf -Value based_ cfwfl/t ;xs/Ltfsf] k|j4{gsf
nflu k|j4{gfTds sfo{ klg ;+u ;+u} nfu" ug'{ kb{5 eGg] dfGotf cg'¿k
;xsf/L If]qdf cf=a= @)%^.%& b]lv ;xsf/L ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
cGtu{t ljsf; ah]6sf] ¿kdf ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfsf] k|j4{gsf nflu
ah]6sf] ljlgof]hg u/L tbg'¿k ljleGg tflnd, lzIff / ;xsf/Ltfsf]
;+:yfut ljsf;sf nflu lgdf{0f, cWoog cg';Gwfg, lg/LIf0f, cg'udg
nufottsf sfo{x¿ ;DkGg ul+/b} cfPsf] kfOG5 . g]kfndf ;j{k|yd
@)!( ;fndf s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf eO{ ;xsf/L
lzIff, ;"rgf / ;+rf/sf sfdx¿ x'b} cfPsf]df cf=j= @)^)÷)^! df
;xsf/L ljefusf] ;+/rgf kl/jt{g kl5 kf+r ljsf; If]qdf kg]{ u/L kf+r
j6f ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{nox¿ :yfkgf eO{ tfnLd tyf
k|lzIf0fsf sfdx¿ x'b} cfPsf 5g . olx k/k|]Iodf cf=j= @)^*÷^( df
;xsf/L If]qdf lgDg lnlvt sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rflnt ePsf lyP .
%=@ sfo{s|dut efl/t k|ult ;f/f+z
sfo{qmdsf] gfd
ah]6 lzif{s
efl/t k|ult
k|ltzt
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf -lgoldt_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf -jh]6
jQmAodf pNn]lvt gLltut sfo{qmd_
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -nlIft ju{sf
;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ n]vf Aoj:yfkg
tfnLd_
;xsf/L v]lt sfo{s|d
#!@!#$–#÷$
91=75
#!@!#$–#÷$
37=53
#!@!##–#÷$
83=07
#!@)!*–#÷$
100
#!@!@)–#
100
55
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
%=# ljlgof]lht jh]6 tyf vr{
sfo{qmdsf] gfd
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f
cfof]hgf -#!@!#$–
#÷$_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f
cfof]hgf -#!@!#$–
#÷$_ -jh]6 jQmAo_
jh]6
ljlgof]hg ?
xhf/df
ah]6
lgsf;f
?=xhf/df
vr{ /sd ? xhf/df
65700
58542 -90 k|_
148000
69530 -47 k|_
81358
67223 -83 k|_
138212
124403 -90 k|_
10192
9493 -93 k|_
8500
8485 -100 k|_
65700
186000
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb
-#!@!##–#÷$_
81358
l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no
-#!@)!*–#÷$_
;xsf/L ljefu
-#!@)!&–#÷$_
;xsf/L v]lt sfo{s|d
-#!@!@)–#_
128985
10192
8500
dfly pNn]lvt ljleGg sfo{s|d ÷cfof]hgfx¿ s|dzM ;xsf/L
If]q ;'9[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf, ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{no / ;xsf/L v]lt tkm{sf] aflif{s efl/t k|ult s|dzM (@=))
k|ltzt, *#=)) k|ltzt, !))=)) k|ltzt / !))=)) k|ltzt
/
ljtLo k|ult s|dzM()=)) k|ltzt, *#=)) k|ltzt, ()=)) k|ltzt /
!))=)) k|ltzt eO{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg :t/ pQd /x]sf] lyof] .
56
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
g]kfn ;/sf/
;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno
;xsf/L ljefu
t[tLo rf}dfl;s ÷ aflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg
/sd ?= xhf/df
!=
@=
#=
$=
%=
^
cf=j= M– @)^*÷)^(
* o; cjlwsf] vr{ 5550
ah]6 pkzLif{s g+= M– #!@)!*
-s_ cfGtl/s
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M–
dGqfnoM–s[lif tyf ;xsf/L
-@_ :yfgLo lgsfo÷;+:yf M–
ljefu÷;+:yf M– ;xsf/L
-#_ hg;xeflutf M–
sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] gfd M– l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -nlIft ju{ / ;d'xsf ;xsf/L_
cfof]hgf÷sfof{no k|d'vsf] gfd M–;'bz{g k|;fb 9sfn
o; cjlwsf] ah]6 -t[tLo rf}dfl;s_ -?_M–
&
(= rf}dfl;s ah]6sf] t'ngfdf vr{ k|ltzt M– 100.00
5550
-s_ cfGtl/s
!)= z'?b]lv o; cjlw;Ddsf] s'n vr{ k|ltzt -s'n nfutsf] t'ngfdf_ M– 100.00
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M–
-@_ :yfgLo lgsfo÷;+:yf M–
!!= lat]sf] ;do k|ltztdf -s'n cjlwsf] t'ngfdf_ M– 100.00
-#_ hg;xeflutf M–
t[tLo rf}dfl;s||
k|ltj]bg cjlw;Ddsf]
cfof]hgfsf] s'ndWo]
jflif{s nIo
t[tLo rf}dfl;s nIo
s}=
k|ult
o; cf= j= sf] k|ult
xfn;Dd
sfo{qmd÷ls|ofsnfk M–
OsfO{
ef/Lt
kl/df0f
Eff/
ah]6
kl/df0f
Eff/
ah]6
kl/df0f
Eff/Lt
kl/df0f
ef/Lt
kl/df0f
k|ult
1
1
s=
cf=
2
kmlg{r/ vl/b
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?sf] hDdf
3
k6s
4
1
1
5
1.80
1.8018
6
100
100
7
1
1
8
1.802
1.802
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf
sfo{qmdx?
57
9
100
100
10
1
1
11
1.802
1.802
12
1
1
13
1.80
1.80
14
15
16
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
1
nlIft ju{ / ;d'xsf
;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ n]vf
Aoj:yfkg tfnLd
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf
sfo{qmdx?sf] hDdf
sfof{no ;+rfng vr{
s'n hDdf
;+Vof
77
98.20
5450
41
52.29
2619
39
49.74
77
98.198
77
98.20
5450
41
52
2619
39
49.74
77
98.20
78
100.00
5550
42
54.09
33333
40.00
51.54
78.00
100.00
%=$ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿sf} Psd'i7 k|ult k|ltj]bg M
k|ult ljZn]if)f tfnLsf
qm=;+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
sfof{no
;=k|= tyf
l8 sf=
;'g;/L
;=k|= tyf
l8
sf=lrtjg
;=k|= tyf
l8
sf=sf:sL
;=k|= tyf
l8 sf=jfFs]
;=k|= tyf
l8
sf=s}nfnL
l8 =;=sf=
;xsf/L n]vf
Aoj:yfkg tfnLd
nIo
k|ult
jflif{s
jh]^
t[tLo
rf}dfl;s
jh]^
t[tLo
rf}dfl;s
ef/
efl/t
k|ult
k|ult
k|ltzt
t[tLo
rf}dfl;s
vr{
t[tLo
rf}dfl;svr{
k|ltzt
jflif{s
vr{
jflif{s
vr{
k|ltzt
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
210
70
33.33
33.34
100.0
70.0
100
210
100
3.00
3.00
58
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Onfd
l8 =;=sf=
emfkf
l8 =;=sf=
df]/Ë
l8 =;=sf=
wgs'6f
l8 =;=sf=
l;/xf,
nxfg
l8 =;=s=
pbok'/
l8 =;=sf=
bf]nvf
l8 =;=sf=
wg'iff
l8 =;=sf=
;nf{xL
l8 =;=sf=
/f}tx6
l8 =;=sf=
sf7df8f}
l8 =;=sf=
nlntk'/
l8 =;=sf=
eQmk'/
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
280
140
50.00
32.14
64.29
140.0
100
280
100
4.00
4.00
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
280
140
50.00
50.00
100.00
140.0
100
280
100
4.00
4.00
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
210
70
33.33
33.34
100.02
70.0
100
210
100
3.00
3.00
70
70
100.00
100.00
100.00
70.0
100
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
70
100.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
70
100.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
59
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
l8
=;=sf'=sfe|]
l8 =;=sf=
g'jfsf]6
l8 =;=sf=
wflbË
l8 =;=sf=
af/f
l8 =;=sf=
k;f{
l8 =;=sf=
dsjfgk'/
l8 =;=sf=
tgx'F
l8 =;=sf=
afUn'Ë
l8 =;=sf=
:ofª\hf
l8 =;=sf=
gjnk/f;L
l8 =;=sf=
?kGb]lx
l8 =;=sf=
kfNkf
l8 =;=sf=
slknj:t'
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
140
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
140
100
2.00
2.00
210
70
33.33
33.33
99.99
70.0
100
210
100
3.00
3.00
280
140
50.00
50.00
100.00
140.0
100
280
100
4.00
4.00
70
70
100.00
100.00
100.00
70.0
100
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
70
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0
0
70
100
1.00
1.00
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
60
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
l8 =;=sf=
bfË
l8 =;=sf=
jlb{of
l8 =;=sf=
;'v]{t
l8 =;=sf=
8f]6L
l8 =;=sf=
h'Dnf
l8 =;=sf=
sGrgk'/
l8 =;=sf=
j}t8L
hDdf
350
210
60.00
60.00
100.00
210.0
100
350
100
5.00
5.00
70
70
100.00
100.00
100.00
70.0
100
70
100
1.00
1.00
210
70
33.33
33.33
99.99
70.0
100
210
100
3.00
3.00
280
140
50.00
32.14
64.29
140.0
100
280
100
4.00
4.00
410
246
60.00
60.00
100.00
246.0
100
410
100
5.00
5.00
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
140
70
50.00
50.00
100.00
70.0
100
140
100
2.00
2.00
5450
2346
1453.3
1218
2229
2206.0
2300.0
5450.0
3800.0
77.0
77.0
61
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
g]kfn ;/sf/
;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno
;xsf/L ljefu
t[tLo rf}dfl;s÷aflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg
!=
cf=j= M– @)^*÷)^(
@=
ah]6 pkzLif{s g+= M– #!@!@)–#
/fof]cf -s]cd'_
kmf=g+ @ kf g+= !
/sd ?= xhf/df
* o; cjlwsf] vr{ 8485
-s_ cfGtl/s
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M–
-@_ :yfgLo lgsfo÷;+:yf M–
-#_ hg;xeflutf M–
#=
dGqfnoM–s[lif tyf ;xsf/L
$=
ljefu÷;+:yf M– ;xsf/L
%=
sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] gfd M– ;xsf/L v]tL sfo{s|d
^
cfof]hgf÷sfof{no k|d'vsf] gfd M–;'bz{g k|;fb 9sfn
&
o; cjlwsf] ah]6 -l4tLo rf}dfl;s_ -?_M– 8500
-s_ cfGtl/s -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M–
-@_ :yfgLo lgsfo÷;+:yf M–
(= rf}dfl;s ah]6sf] t'ngfdf vr{ k|ltzt M– 99.82
!)= z'?b]lv o; cjlw;Ddsf] s'n vr{ k|ltzt -s'n nfutsf] t'ngfdf_ M– 100
!!= lat]sf] ;do k|ltztdf -s'n cjlwsf] t'ngfdf_ M– 100
-#_ hg;xeflutf M–
sfo{qmd÷
ls|ofsnfk M–
1
c=
s=
cf=
!
2
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf
sfo{qmdx?
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?sf]
hDdf
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf
sfo{qmdx?
;xsf/L v]tL ;kf]{6
sfo{qmd - s[lif ljefu
tkm{sf]_
;xsf/L v]ltdf cfj4
jflif{s nIo
OsfO{
3
kl/df0f
4
Eff/
5
t[tLo rf}dfl;s nIo
ah]6
6
kl/df0f
7
Eff/
ah]6
8
k|ltj]bg cjlw;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] k|ult
kl/df0f
ef/Lt
12
13
t[tLo rf}dfl;s|| k|ult
9
kl/df0f
10
Eff/Lt
11
cfof]hgfsf] s'ndWo] xfn;Dd
kl/df0f
14
s}=
ef/Lt k|ult
15
16
0
k6s
0
0.000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
38
38.00
3230
38
38.00
3230
38
38.00
38
38
62
0
0
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
2
2=1
2=2
2=3
2=4
s[ifsx?nfO{ ;xsf/L
Aoj:yfkg tfnLd -Ps
xKt]_
;xsf/L v]ltdf cfj4
s[ifsx?nfO{ ;xsf/L n]vf
tfnLd -{Ps xKt]_
;xsf/L v]tL sfo{qmd
cg'udg
;xsf/L v]tL kz'kfng_;kf]{6 sfo{qmd
;xsf/L ljefuaf6
;+rflnt
;xsf/L n]vf tfnLd -{Ps
xKt]_
;xsf/L Aoj:yfkg tfnLd
-Ps xKt]_
;xsf/L ;r]tgf tfnLd -#
lbg]_
;xsf/L v]tL -kz' kfng_
sfo{qmd cg'udg
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf
sfo{qmdx?sf] hDdf
sfof{no ;+rfng vr{
s'n hDdf
k6s
38
38.00
3230
0
0.00
0
0
0.00
38
38
k6s
76
4.47
380
38
2.24
190
37
2.18
74
4.35
k6s
3
7.06
600
1
2.35
200
1
2.35
3
7.059
k6s
3
7.06
600
1
2.35
200
1
2.35
3
7.059
lhNnf
5
2.94
250
2
1.18
100
2
1.18
5
2.941
k6s
5
2.47
210
2
0.99
84
2
0.99
5
2.47
168
100
8500
82
47
4004
81
47
166
98.81
168
100.00
8500
82.00
47.11
4004.00
81.00
47.05
166.00
98.81
63
0.00
0.00
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
g]kfn ;/sf/
;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno
;xsf/L ljefu
t[tLo rf}dfl;s÷jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg -ljefu ;d]t_
!=cfof]hgfsf] gfd M ;xsf/L v]tL
@=hUuf k|flKt -x]_M–
#=hgzlQm cfk"lk{M–
$=sN;N6]06sf] lgo'lQm M–
-s_ ljb]zL M–
-v_ :jb]zLM–
Smfo{s|d / ls|ofsnfk
k|yd rf}dfl;s
OsfO{
1
2
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?sf] hDdf
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?
;xsf/L v]tL ;kf]{6 sfo{qmd - s[lif ljefu
tkm{sf]_
;xsf/L v]ltdf cfj4 s[ifsx?nfO{ ;xsf/L
Aoj:yfkg tfnLd -Ps xKt]_
;xsf/L v]ltdf cfj4 s[ifsx?nfO{ ;xsf/L
n]vf tfnLd -{Ps xKt]_
-/sd ?=xhf/df_
%=7]Ssf k§f l:yltM–
-s_ o; cjlwdf 7]Ssf nufpg] nIo /x]sf] sfo{sf] nfut -?_
-v_ slt nfutsf] sfo{ 7]Ssfdf lbOof]-?_M
^=bft{ ;+:yfdf n]vfk/LIf0f l/kf]6{ k7fPsf] -;+Vof_M
&= zf]wegf{ l:yltM
-s- dfu ug'{kg]{ /sd -?_M
-v_ dfu u/]sf] /sd -?_M
-u_ k|fKt x'g] af+sL /sd-?_M
*= cfof[']hgsf] pknJwL k|ltkmn ljj/0f
qm= ;+=
/fof]cf-s]cd"_kmf=g+@
kfgf=g+ @
nIo
kl/df0f
0
k|ult
kl/df0f
0
lålto rf}dfl;s
t[tLo rf}dfl;s
nIo
kl/df0f
nIo kl/df0f
k|ult
kl/df0f
aflif{s
k|ult
kl/df0f
nIo
kl/df0f
s}lkmot
k|ult
kl/df0f
0
0
k6s
0
0
38
38
38
38
k6s
38
38
0
0
38
38
64
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
3
4
;xsf/L v]tL sfo{qmd cg'udg
;xsf/L v]tL -kz'kfng_;kf]{6 sfo{qmd
;xsf/L ljefuaf6 ;+rflnt
k6s
40
38
40
38
76
74
;xsf/L n]vf tfnLd -{Ps xKt]_
k6s
2
1
1
2
3
3
;xsf/L Aoj:yfkg tfnLd -Ps xKt]_
k6s
3
2
1
2
3
3
%
;xsf/L ;r]tgf tfnLd -# lbg]_
k6s
3
3
2
2
5
5
^
;xsf/L v]tL -kz' kfng_ sfo{qmd cg'udg
k6s
2
1
3
2
5
5
88.00
83.00
85.00
84.00
168.00
166.00
0.00
s'n hDdf
0.00
0.00
;xsf/L v]tL sfo{qmd tkm{sf] sfof{nout efl/t k|ult -a=p=lz=g+ 3121203_
/sd ? xhf/df
aflif{s
s|=;+=
sfo{s|d÷cfof]hgf
1
2
1
2
3
4
;xsf/L
;xsf/L
;xsf/L
;xsf/L
ljefu
k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no -;'g;/L_
k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no -lrtjg_
k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no -sf:sL_
aflif{s
jh]^
ef/
3
4
1660
180
180
180
65
19.529
2.118
2.118
2.118
Reported
Psd'i&
k|ult
k|ltzt
5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
efl/t k|ult
hDdf
efl/t
6
7
19.529
2.118
2.118
2.118
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no -afFs]_
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no -s}nfnL_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no
-Onfd,tfKn]h'«Ë,kf+ry/_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -emfkf_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -df]/Ë_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no
-wgs'6f,t]xy'd,;+v'jf;ef,ef]hk'/_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -l;/fxf, ;Kt/L_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no
-pbok'/,cf]vn9'Ëf,vf]6f]Ë,;f]nv'Dj'_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -bf]nvf,/fd]5fk_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -wg'iff, dxf]Q/L,l;Gw'nL_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -;nf{xL_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -/f}tx6_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -sf7df08f}_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -nlntk'/_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -eQmk'/_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no
-sfe]kGrf}s,l;Gw'kfNrf]s_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -g'jfsf]6, /;'jf_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -wflbË_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -af/f_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -k;f{_
66
180
180
2.118
2.118
100.0
100.0
2.118
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
180
2.118
2.118
100.0
100.0
2.118
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
180
180
180
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -dsjfgk'/_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -tgx'F, uf]/vf, ndhª
dgfª_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -afUn'ª, kj{t, d':tfª,
DofUbL_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -:ofª\hf_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -gjnk/f;L_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -¿kGb]xL_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -kfNkf, u'NdL_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -slkna:t', cxfvfrL_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -bfª,
;Nofg,?'s'd,/f]Nkf,Ko"7fg_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -jlb{of_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -;'v]{t, hfFh/sf]6,
b}n]v,_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -aemfË, jfh'/f, c5fd,
8f]6L_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no
-h'Dnf,x'Dnf,d'u',8f]Nkf,sflnsf]6_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -sGrgk'/, 88]nw'/f_
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no -j}t8L, bfr'{nf_
hDdf
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
180
180
180
180
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
2.118
99.9
2.115
180
2.118
100.0
2.118
180
180
8500
2.118
2.118
100.000
100.0
100.0
2.118
2.118
99.997
67
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L v]tL sfo{qmd tkm{sf] ljQLo k|ult -j=p=lz=g+ #!@!@)-#_
s|=
;+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
sfo{s|d÷cfof]hgf
;xsf/L ljefu
;=k|= tyf l8 sf= ;'g;/L
;=k|= tyf l8 sf= lrtjg
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=, sf:sL
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=jfFs]
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=s}nfnL
l8 =;=sf= Onfd
l8 =;=sf= emfkf
l8 =;=sf= df]/Ë
l8 =;=sf= wgs'6f
l8 =;=sf= l;/xf, nxfg
l8 =;=sf='pbok'/
l8 =;=sf= bf]nvf
l8 =;=sf= wg'iff
l8 =;=sf= ;nf{xL
l8 =;=sf= /f}6x6
l8 =;=sf= sf7df8f}
l8 =;=sf= nlntk'/
l8 =;=sf= eQmk'/
aflif{s
jh]^
1660.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
t[tLo
rf}dfl;s
jh]^
t[tLo
rf}dfl;s
vr{
1176
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
68
1176.00
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
t[tLo
rf}dfl;s
k|ult
aflif{s
vr{
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
1660.0
180
177
178
175
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
aflif{s
ljlto
k|ult
100.00
100.00
98.33
98.89
97.22
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
l8 =;=sf='sfe|]
l8 =;=sf= g'jfsf]6
l8 =;=sf= wflbË
l8 =;=sf= af/f
l8 =;=sf= k;f{
l8 =;=sf='dsjfgk'/
l8 =;=sf= tgx'F
l8 =;=sf= afUn'Ë
l8 =;=sf= :ofª\hf
l8 =;=sf= gjnk/f;L
l8 =;=sf= ¿kGb]lx
l8 =;=sf= kfNkf
l8 =;=sf= slknj:t'
l8 =;=sf= bfË
l8 =;=sf= jlb{of
l8 =;=sf= ;'v]{t
l8 =;=sf= 8f]6L
l8 =;=sf= h'Dnf
l8 =;=sf= sGrgk'/
l8 =;=sf= j}t8L
hDdf
ljlQo k|ult k|ltzt -t[tLo
rf}dfl;s_
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
8500.00
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
4596
99.89
69
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
85.000
90.000
90.000
90.000
4591.00
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
94.444
100
100
100
99.891
180
180
180
180
180
180
175
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
8484.6
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
97.22
100.00
99.89
99.89
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
99.82
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
ljlQo k|ult k|ltzt
-jflif{s_
99.82
%=^ ;xsf/L If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf aflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg -pknlAw ljj/0f_
cf=j= @)^*÷^(
l;=
g+=
1=
2=
3=
4=
5=
6=
7=
8=
9=
10=
k|yd rf}dfl;s
sfo{qmd
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf
sfo{qmdx¿
s= ;xsf/L kl/;/ ;'wf/
v= kmlg{r/ tyf lkmSr/ vl/b
u= d]lzg/L vl/b
3= ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿sf] ;xsfo{df
s[lifhGo pBf]ux¿ :yfkgf
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx¿sf] hDdf
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx¿
;xsf/L ;DjlGw >Ao b[[Zo
-6]lnrnlrq tyf j[Qlrq lgdf{0f_
;'rgf ;+hfn Aoj:yfkgsf] nflu ;+rfng
;]jf s/f/
;xsf/L ;DaGwL >Jo b[Zo ;fdfu|L
O{sfO{
k6s
k6s
uf]6f
nIo
kl/df0f
l4tLo rf}dfl;s
k|ult
kl/df0f
0
nIo
kl/df0f
0
t[tLo rF}dfl;s
k|ult
kl/df0f
1
1
1
nIo
kl/df0f
o; cjlw ;Ddsf]
k|ult
kl/df0f
nIo
kl/df0f
1
1
1
;+Vof
k|ult
kl/df0f
1
1
1
1
1
1
108
71
108
71
0
0
3
3
108
71
111
74
k6s
1
0
1
1
0
1
2
2
k6s
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
k6s
4
4
4
4
4
4
12
12
70
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
11=
12=
13=
14=
15=
16=
17=
18=
19=
20=
21=
22=
23=
k|;f/0f - okm=Pd= ;d]t_
kqklqsf dfk{mt ;xsf/L ;DjgwL ;"rgf
k|sfzg
jflif{s |k|ult k|ltj]bg k|sfzg, ;xsf/L
tYofÍ j'n]l6g tyf k|j4{g / hfu/0f
;fdfu|L k|sfzg
sd{rf/Lsf] nflu /fli6o÷ cGt/fli6«o
cWoog e|d0fdf ;xeflutf
;xsf/L lgodg tyf Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd
;xsf/L k|j4{g uf]li6 -;fem]bf/L tyf
;xeflutfTds sfo{s|d_
;xsf/L lbj;
jflif{s sfo{qmd th'{df, rf}=k|ult ;dLIff
tyf ;xsf/L ;"rgf Joj:yfkg ljlw ljifos
If]lqo uf]li6
jflif{s k|ult ;ldIff uf]i7L
cWoog cg';Gwfg
s= ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ lbOg] cg'bfg tyf
cGo sfo{ljlw th'{df
v_ ;xsf/L gd"gf ljlgod lgdf{0f
3'DtL ;xsf/L ;]jf tyf ;xsf/L cg'udg
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx¿sf] hDdf
s'n hDdf
k6s
8
8
8
8
9
9
25
25
;+Vof
2
2
2
2
3
3
7
7
;+Vof
1
1
1
0
1
2
3
2
k6s
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
k6s
1
0
1
0
1
2
3
2
k6s
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
k6s
0
0
2
2
2
2
4
4
k6s
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
;+Vof
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
;+Vof
lhNnf
1
0
1
2
1
1
3
3
15
35
35
15
32
32
15
38
41
15
36
39
20
45
153
20
48
119
50
118
229
50
115
189
71
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
g]kfn ;/sf/
;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno
;xsf/L ljefu
aflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg
!=
cf=j= M– @)^*÷)^(
@=
ah]6 pkzLif{s g+= M– #!@!#$–#÷$
#=
dGqfnoM– ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f
$=
ljefu÷;+:yf M– ;xsf/L
%=
sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] gfd M– ;xsf/L If]q ;'=cf=
^
cfof]hgf÷sfof{no k|d'vsf] gfd M–s]bf/ Gof}kfg]
&
o; cjlwsf] ah]6 -t[lto rf}dfl;s_ -?_M– 11269
-s_ cfGtl/s
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M–
-@_ :yfgLo lgsfo÷;+:yf M–
-#_ hg;xeflutf M–
l;=
g+=
1
sfo{qmd÷ls|ofsnfk M–
2
!
s= ;xsf/L kl/;/ ;'wf/
v= kmlg{r/ tyf lkmSr/ vl/b
u= d]lzg/L vl/b
3= ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf]
;xsfo{df s[lifhGo pBf]ux?
:yfkgf
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?sf] hDdf
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?
3
k6s
k6s
uf]6f
10079
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M–
-@_ :yfgLo lgsfo÷;+:yf M–
-#_ hg;xeflutf M–
(= rf}dfl;s ah]6sf] t'ngfdf vr{ k|ltzt M–
89
!)= z'?b]lv o; cjlw;Ddsf] s'n vr{ k|ltzt -s'n nfutsf] t'ngfdf_ M– 89
!!= lat]sf] ;do k|ltztdf -s'n cjlwsf] t'ngfdf_ M– 100
jflif{s nIo
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?
s=
cf=
/sd ?= xhf/df
10079
* o; cjlwsf] vr{
-s_ cfGtl/s
jflif{s nIo
k|ltj]bg cjlw;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] k|ult
jflif{s k|ult
OsfO{
c=
@
/fof]cf -s]cd'_
kmf=g+ @ kf g+= !
kl/df0f
Eff/
ah]6
4
5
6
kl/df0f
Eff/
7
ah]6
8
9
kl/df0f
Eff/Lt
kl/df0f
ef/Lt
10
11
0
12
13
cfof]hgfsf] s'ndWo]
xfn;Dd
ef/Lt
kl/df0f
k|ult
14
1
1.775
200
1
1.775
200
1
1.775
1
1.775
1
0.887
100
1
0.887
100
1
0.887
1
0.887
1
0.532
60
1
0.532
60
1
0.532
1
0.532
3
3.195
360
3
3.195
360
3
3
3.195
15
16
;+Vof
72
3.195
0
s}lkmot
0
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
!
@
#
$
^
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
;xsf/L ;DjlGw >Ao b[[Zo 6]lnrnlrq tyf j[Qlrq
lgdf{0f_
;'rgf ;+hfn Aoj:yfkgsf]
nflu ;+rfng ;]jf s/f/
;xsf/L ;DaGwL >Jo b[Zo
;fdfu|L k|;f/0f - okm=Pd=
;d]t_
kqklqsf dfk{mt ;xsf/L
;DjgwL ;"rgf k|sfzg
jflif{s |k|ult k|ltj]bg k|sfzg,
;xsf/L tYofÍ j'n]l6g tyf
k|j4{g / hfu/0f ;fdfu|L
k|sfzg
sd{rf/Lsf] nflu /fli6o÷
cGt/fli6«o cWoog e|d0fdf
;xeflutf
;xsf/L lgodg tyf Ifdtf
ljsf; tflnd
;xsf/L k|j4{g uf]li6 -;fem]bf/L
tyf ;xeflutfTds sfo{s|d_
cGt/fli6«o ;xsf/L aif{ sfo{s|d
;xsf/L lbj;
jflif{s sfo{qmd th'{df,
rf}=k|ult ;dLIff tyf ;xsf/L
;"rgf Joj:yfkg ljlw ljifos
If]lqo uf]li6
jflif{s k|ult ;ldIff uf]i7L
cWoog cg';Gwfg
k6s
2
2.662
300
2
2.662
300
2
2.662
2
2.662
k6s
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
3
3.993
k6s
12
4.259
480
12
4.259
480
12
4.259
12
4.259
k6s
25
4.437
500
25
4.437
500
25
4.437
25
4.437
;+Vof
7
4.437
500
7
4.437
500
7
4.437
7
4.437
;+Vof
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
2
2.662
k6s
1
1.331
150
1
1.331
150
0
0.000
0
0
k6s
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
450
2
2.662
1
1.331
k6s
k6s
1
5.449
614
1
5.449
614
1
5.449
1
5.449
1
1.065
120
1
1.065
120
1
1.065
1
1.065
k6s
4
4.437
500
4
4.437
500
4
4.437
4
4.437
k6s
1
1.331
150
1
1.331
150
1
1.331
1
1.331
73
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
!%
!&
s= ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ lbOg]
cg'bfg tyf cGo sfo{ljlw
th'{df
v_ ;xsf/L gd"gf ljlgod
lgdf{0f
3'DtL ;xsf/L ;]jf tyf ;xsf/L
cg'udg
;xsf/L ;+3x?nfO{ cg'bfg
;+Vof
3
2.662
300
3
2.662
300
3
2.662
3
2.662
;+Vof
3
1.597
180
3
1.597
180
3
1.597
3
1.597
lhNnf
50
6.789
765
50
6.789
765
50
6.789
50
6.789
;+Vof
12
44.370
5000
12
44.370
5000
12
44.370
12
44.37
131
96.81
10909
131
96.81
10909
129
94.14
127
91.48
0
0
134
100.00
11269
134
100.00
######
132.00
97.34
130.00
94.68
0.00
0.00
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?sf]
hDdf
s'n hDdf
aflif{s k|ult k|ltzt
97.34
sfof{no k|d'v M–
ldlt M–
ljefuLo÷;+:yf k|d'v M–
ldlt M–
74
k|dfl0ft ug]{ M–
ldlt M–
0
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L ljefu÷
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l(s/)f cfof]hgf
-j=p=lz=g+ 312134-3÷4_
cf=j= 068.69 sf] efl/t k|ult ljj/)f
/sd ? xhf/df
jflif{s
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
2
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0ff cfof]hgf -s]Gb|, ljefu_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -;'g;/L_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -lrtjg_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -sf:sL_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -afFs]_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -s}nfnL_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -Onfd, tfKn]h'«Ë,
kf+ry/_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -emfkf_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -df]/Ë_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -wgs'6f, t]xy'd,
;+v'jf;ef, ef]hk'/_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf -l;/fxf, ;Kt/L_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf-pbok'/, cf]vn9'Ëf,
vf]6fË, ;f]nv'Dj'_
3
4
Reported Ps d'i&
k|ult k|ltzt
efl/t
k|ult
5
6
11269
680
680
680
680
680
17.152
1.035
1.035
1.035
1.035
1.035
97.340
85.590
100.000
95.000
85.200
93.820
16.696
0.886
1.035
0.983
0.882
0.971
1015
1.545
100.000
1.545
1085
10875
1.651
16.553
100.000
79.360
1.651
13.136
1048
1.595
100.000
1.595
790
1.202
94.180
1.132
1120
1.705
94.650
1.614
75
hDdf
efl/
t
7
s}lkmo
t
8
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
dxf]Q/L,l;Gw'nL_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
sfe]kGrf}s,l;Gw'kfNrf]s_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
-dsjfgk'/_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
tgx'F,uf]/vf, ndhª dgfª_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
-afUn'ª, kj{t, d':tfª, DofUbL_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
-:ofª\hf_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
-gjnk/f;L_
-bf]nvf,/fd]5fk_
-wg'iff,
835
1.271
100.000
1.271
5805
8.836
66.910
5.912
-;nf{xL_
-/f}tx6_
-sf7df08f}_
-nlntk'/_
- eQmk'/_
-
790
790
901
845
850
1.202
1.202
1.371
1.286
1.294
97.000
100.000
90.440
100.000
100.000
1.166
1.202
1.240
1.286
1.294
880
1.339
100.000
1.339
-g'jfsf]6, /;'jf_
-wflbË_
-af/f_
-k;f{_
990
1095
1065
955
1.507
1.667
1.621
1.454
100.000
100.000
96.750
100.000
1.507
1.667
1.568
1.454
855
1.301
92.970
1.210
915
1.393
100.000
1.393
915
1.393
100.000
1.393
790
1.202
74.570
0.897
860
1.309
100.000
1.309
76
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
-¿kGb]xL_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
-slkna:t', c3f{vfrL_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;Nofg,?'s'd,/f]Nkf,Ko"7fg_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
b}n]v,_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
-aemfË, jfh'/f, c5fd, 8f]6L_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
-h'Dnf,x'Dnf,d'u',8f]Nkf,sflnsf]6_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
88]nw'/f_
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l9s/0f cfof]hgf
s]=;=k|= s]=
hDdf
-kfNkf, u'NdL_
-bfª,
-jlb{of_
-;'v]{t, hfFh/sf]6,
-sGrgk'/,
-j}t8L, bfr'{nf_
845
1.286
96.060
1.235
865
1.317
98.930
1.303
865
1.317
100.000
1.317
5946
9.050
98.700
8.933
805
1.225
100.000
1.225
995
1.514
99.900
1.513
865
1.317
100.000
1.317
871
1.326
100.000
1.326
815
1.240
94.380
1.171
790
1300
65700
1.202
1.979
100.00
100.000
100.000
1.202
1.979
91.754
77
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L ljefu÷
;xsf/L If]q ;'b[l(s/)f cfof]hgf
-j=p=lz=g+ 312134-3÷4_
cf=j= 2068.69 aflif{s ljQLo k|ult
/sd ? xhf/df
qm=;+
=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
sfof{no
;xsf/L ljefu
;=k|= tyf l8 sf= ;'g;/L
;=k|= tyf l8 sf= lrtjg
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=sf:sL
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=jfFs]
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=s}nfnL
l8 =;=sf= Onfd
l8 =;=sf= emfkf
l8 =;=sf= df]/Ë
l8 =;=sf= wgs'6f
l8 =;=sf= l;/xf, nxfg
l8 =;=sf='pbok'/
l8 =;=sf= bf]nvf
l8 =;=sf= wg'iff
l8 =;=sf= ;nf{xL
l8 =;=sf= /f}6x6
l8 =;=sf= sf7df8f}
l8 =;=sf= nlntk'/
l8 =;=sf= eQmk'/
jh]^ / vr{
11269
680
680
680
680
680
1015
1085
10875
1048
790
1120
835
5805
790
790
901
845
850
78
10079.000
582.000
679.330
643.750
578.000
615.000
1015.000
1085.000
8186.000
1048.000
773.000
1120.000
835.000
3457.000
770.000
789.700
815.000
844.950
850.000
jflfif{s ljQLo
k|ult
89.44
85.59
99.90
94.67
85.00
90.44
100
100
75.27
100.0
97.85
100
100
59.55
97.47
99.96
90.46
99.99
100
s}lkmot
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
l8 =;=sf='sfe|]
l8 =;=sf= g'jfsf]6
l8 =;=sf= wflbË
l8 =;=sf= af/f
l8 =;=sf= k;f{
l8 =;=sf='dsjfgk'/
l8 =;=sf= tgx'F
l8 =;=sf= afUn'Ë
l8 =;=sf= :ofª\hf
l8 =;=sf= gjnk/f;L
l8 =;=sf= ¿kGb]lx
l8 =;=sf= kfNkf
l8 =;=sf= slknj:t'
l8 =;=sf= bfË
l8 =;=sf= jlb{of
l8 =;=sf= ;'v]{t
l8 =;=sf= 8f]6L
l8 =;=sf= h'Dnf
l8 =;=sf= sGrgk'/
l8 =;=sf= j}t8L
s]=;=k|= s]=
hDdf
ljlQo k|ult k|ltzt
880
990
1095
1065
955
855
915
915
790
860
845
865
865
5946
805
995
865
871
815
790
1300
65700
89.11
79
880.000
990.000
1095.000
1035.000
952.000
795.000
915.000
915.000
540.000
860.000
791.000
856.000
843.130
5869.000
805.000
995.000
865.000
871.000
815.000
790.000
1300.000
58542.860
100
100
100
97.18
99.69
92.98
100.0
100
68.35
100
93.61
98.96
97.47
98.71
100
100.0
100
100
100
100.00
100.00
89.11
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
lhNnfut k|ult ljZn]if0f tfnLsf M
sfo{s|d
qm=
;+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
sfof{no
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=
;'g;/L
;=k|= tyf l8
sf=lrtjg
';=k|= tyf l8
sf=sf:sL
;=k|= tyf l8
sf=jfFs]
';=k|= tyf l8
sf=s}nfnL
l8 =;=sf= Onfd
'l8 =;=sf= emfkf
l8 =;=sf= df]/Ë
'l8 =;=sf=
wgs'6f
'l8 =;=sf= l;/xf,
nxfg
l8 =;=sf=
pbok'/
'l8 =;=sf= bf]nvf
'l8 =;=sf= wg'iff
'l8 =;=sf= ;nf{xL
'l8 =;=sf= /f}6x6
'l8 =;=sf=
sf7df8f}
'l8 =;=sf=
nlntk'/
'l8 =;=sf= eQmk'/
l8 =;=sf='sfe|]
'l8 =;=sf=
d]zLg/L
;fdfg vl/b
;"rgf
Aoj:yfkg
tyf k|sfzg
nIo
k|ult
s[ifs ;d"x
;xsf/Ls/)f
;xsf/L ;'zf;g
cGt/lqmof
jflif{s
jh]^
jflif{s
ef/
efl/t
k|ult
k|ult
k|ltzt
jflif{s
vr{
jflif{s
vr{
k|ltzt
nIo
k|ult
nIo
k|ult
k|ult
nIo
k|ult
680
680
100
85.59
85.59
582.0
86
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
680
680
100
100.00
100.00
679.3
100
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
680
680
100
95.00
95.00
643.8
95
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
680
680
100
85.20
85.20
578.0
85
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
680
680
100
93.82
93.82
615.0
90
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
1015
1085
10875
1015
1085
10875
100
100
100
100.00
100.00
79.36
100.0
100.00
79.36
1015.0
1085.0
8186.0
100
100
75
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
10
12
9
10
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
3
3
3
1048
1048
100
100.00
100.00
1048.0
100
1
1
1
1
15
15
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
790
790
100
94.18
94.18
773.0
98
1
1
1
1
10
10
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
1 20
1 20
100
94.65
94.65
1 20.0
100
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
835
5805
790
790
835
5805
790
790
100
100
100
100
100.00
66.91
97.00
100.00
100.00
66.91
97.00
100.00
835.0
3457.0
770.0
789.7
100
60
97
100
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
9
10
10
10
9
10
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
nIo
;xsf/L v]lt
k|j${g
;xsf/L
lzlj/
;+rfng
nIo
k|ult
jflif{s
jh]^
hfu/)f
k|sfzg
nIo
901
901
100
90.44
90.44
815.0
90
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
845
845
100
100.00
100.00
845.0
100
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
850
880
990
850
880
990
100
100
100
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
850.0
880.0
990.0
100
100
100
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
13
15
12
13
15
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
3
3
3
80
k|ult
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
g'jfsf]6
'l8 =;=sf= wflbË
'l8 =;=sf= af/f
'l8 =;=sf= k;f{
l8
=;=sf='dsjfgk'/
'l8 =;=sf= tgx'F
'l8 =;=sf= afUn'Ë
'l8 =;=sf=
:ofª\hf
'l8 =;=sf=
gjnk/f;L
'l8 =;=sf=
¿kGb]lx
'l8 =;=sf= kfNkf
l8 =;=sf=
slknj:t'
l8 =;=sf= bfË
l8 =;=sf= jlb{of
l8 =;=sf= ;'v]{t
l8 =;=sf= 8f]6L
l8 =;=sf= h'Dnf
l8 =;=sf=
sGrgk'/
l8 =;=sf= j}t8L
s]=;=k|= s]=
ljefu
hDdf
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
1095
1065
955
1095
1065
955
100
100
100
855
855
100
915
915
915
915
100
100
790
790
100
860
860
845
845
865
100.00
96.75
100.00
100.00
96.75
100.00
1095.0
1035.0
952.0
100
97
100
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
10
10
12
10
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
3
92.97
92.97
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
795.0
93
1
1
1
1
13
13
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
915.0
915.0
100
100
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
15
12
15
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
74.57
74.57
540.0
68
1
1
1
1
8
8
1
1
1
0
1
1
3
100
100
100.00
100.00
860.0
100
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
96.06
96.06
791.0
94
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
865
3
100
98.93
98.93
856.0
99
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
865
3
865
100
100.00
100.00
843.1
97
1
1
1
1
12
12
1
1
1
1
2
2
5946
805
995
865
871
3
5946
805
995
865
871
100
100
100
100
100
98.70
100.00
99.90
100.00
100.00
98.70
100.00
99.90
100.00
100.00
5869.0
805.0
995.0
865.0
871.0
99
100
100
100
100
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
9
12
13
9
10
9
12
13
9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
5
1
1
2
3
5
1
1
2
3
2
3
3
3
3
815
815
100
94.38
94.38
815.0
100
1
1
1
1
8
8
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
790
1300
1 269
65700
790
1300
1 269
65700
100
100
100
100.00
100.00
97.34
100.00
100
97
790.0
1300.0
10079.0
58542.9
100.0
100.0
89.4
1
1
1
40
1
1
1
40
1
0.0
0.0
38
1
0
0
38
10
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
430
430
38
38
42
41
67
67
11
sfo{qmd
qm=
;+=
1
2
3
kq klqsf
;"rgf k|sfzg
nIo
3
3
3
k|ult
3
3
3
btf{ vf/]h
lnSo"*]zg
nIo
10
9
10
k|ult
7
9
10
nfOgPh]G;L
uf]i&L
nIo
1
1
1
k|ult
1
1
1
rf}dfl;s
k|ult ;dLIff
;"rgf ;+hfn
lj:tf/
k"j{ ;xsf/L
tflnd
nIo
1
1
1
nIo
1
1
1
nIo
k|ult
1
1
1
k|ult
1
1
1
k|ult
;xsf/L
;r]tgf
nIo
k|ult
81
;xeflutfTds
n]vf÷/0fgLlt
cGt/f{li^|o
;= jif{
;xsf/L lbj;
ejg lgdf{0f
nIo
1
1
1
nIo
1
1
1
nIo
1
1
1
nIo
0
0
0
k|ult
1
1
1
k|ult
1
1
1
k|ult
1
1
1
k|ult
0
0
0
;fj{hlgs
;+kltsf]
;+ef/
nIo
k|ult
cg'udg lg/LIf0f
nIo
150
150
150
k|ult
150
150
150
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
10
10
8
6
8
6
6
7
8
7
7
7
14
8
10
8
8
10
6
8
8
8
10
7
8
7
8
8
8
10
8
7
8
7
7
0
4
8
6
8
6
4
7
18
7
7
7
0
8
10
8
8
10
6
8
8
8
10
0
8
5
8
8
16
10
8
7
8
0
7
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
3
3
3
5
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
3
3
3
5
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
5
5
5
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
82
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
5
5
5
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0.0
1
1.0
150
150
160
150
190
160
125
160
140
175
125
125
180
150
150
150
150
120
125
125
130
160
160
120
150
150
130
150
160
125
160
150
160
110
120
150
150
160
150
190
160
80
40
140
175
125
125
180
150
150
150
150
120
73
125
130
160
160
126
150
154
140
150
181
125
160
150
160
110
120
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
39
40
114
112
310
277
38
38
38
38
38
37
107
107
157
83
157
102
98
38
38
0
0
38
0
0
38
0
0
3
0
0
2
9
9
5545
5369
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
jh]6 jQmAodf pNn]lvt sfo{qmd
t[tLo rf}dfl;s÷jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
pknAwL ljj/0f
qm=
;+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
sfo{qmd
O{sfO{
k|yd rf}dfl;s
nIo
t/fO{sf 8f]d, rdf/ / d';x/ tyf kxf8sf ;fsL{, bdfO{ /
sfdLx¿sf k/Dk/fut k]zfnfO{ cw'lgs Aoj;fodf ¿kfGt/0f
ug{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ k'FhLut cg'bfg
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿;Fusf] ;fem]bf/Ldf s[lif kmd{sf] :yfkgfdf
k'FhLut cg'bfg
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yf dfkm{t ljsf; If]qut cfwf/df lzt3/sf]
lgdf{0fdf k'FhLut cg'bfg
;'g;/L l:yt dw'jg kz'xf6sf] hUuf ljsf;, sDkfp08 jfn
tyf ;]8 lgdf{0f ug{ k'FhLut cg'bfg
;'g;/L l:yt xl/k'/ kz'xf6 jhf/ lgdf{0f tyf ;'wf/ ug{
k'FhLut cg'bfg
;nf{xL lhNnfsf] nfnjGbLdf s[lif ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yf dfkm{t
uf]ne]8f ;; pTkfbg sf/vfgfsf] :yfkgfdf k'FhLut cg'bfg
jfUn'ª b'Uw pTkfbs lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3nfO{ b'Uw lr:ofg tyf
k|zf]wg s]Gb|sf] :yfkgfdf k'FhLut cg'bfg
-/fli6«o
;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{ dfkm{t_
k|ult
bf];|f]
rf}dfl;s
nIo
k|ult
t];|f] rf}dfl;s
nIo
jflif{s
k|ult
nIo
k|ult
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
84
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ lrof, slkm pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wgsf
nflu k'FhLut cg'bfg -kmnkm'n ljsf; lgb]{zgfno dfkm{t_
dxf]Q/L l:yt lguf}n ufO{ Aoj:yfkg sof{qmdsf nflu k'FhLut
cg'bfg
-/fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{ dfkm{t_
wg'if l:yt dx]Gb|gu/ ahf/ lgdf{0f ;'wf/ ug{ k'FhLut cg'bfg
/fhlj/fhdf lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf] ejg lgdf0f{ ;'wf/ ug{
k'FhLut cg'bfg
dw'jg & ;'g;/L l:yt z'qmjf/] ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;'b[9Ls/0fsf
nflu k'FhLut cg'bfg
emfkf lhNnfsf] k[YjLgu/df ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yf dfkm{t
:yfkgf x'g] lrof k|zf]wg sf/vfgf :yfkgfsf] nflu k'FhLut
cg'bfg
lrof slkm k|zf]wg
dx k|zf]wg
;'Gtnfhft kmnkm'n k|zf]wg
cb'jf k|zf]wg
cn}rL k|zf]wg
nK;L k|zf]wg
;'kf/L k|zf]wg
emfkf lhNnfsf] k[YjLgu/df ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yf dfkm{t
:yfkgf x'g] lrof k|zf]wg sf/vfgf :yfkgfsf] nflu k'FhLut cg'bfg
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
0
0
0
0
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
20
5
5
5
2
2
3
9
3
1
1
1
0
4
20
5
5
5
2
2
3
9
3
1
1
1
0
4
;+Vof
1
1
1
1
85
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
dlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t vfB k|zf]wg d'ns pBf]u
:yfkgfsf] nflu k'FhLut cg'bfg
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3sf] sfof{no ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu k'FhLut
cg'bfg -qmdfut_
t/fO{sf 8f]d, rdf/ / d';x/ tyf kxf8sf ;fsL{, bdfO{ /
sfdLx¿sf k/Dk/fut k]zfnfO{ cw'lgs Aoj;fodf ¿kfGt/0f ug{
;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ k'FhLut cg'bfg
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿;Fusf] ;fem]bf/Ldf s[lif kmd{sf] :yfkgfdf
k'FhLut cg'bfg
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yf dfkm{t ljsf; If]qut cfwf/df lzt3/sf]
lgdf{0fdf k'FhLut cg'bfg
s]jnk'/, wflbªsf] dlxnf ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] tfnLd xn
lgdf{0fsf nflu k'FhLut cg'bfg
x¿jf, r?jf, jfbL / u|fdL0f e'ldlxg dlxnf dfkm{t df};dL /
j]df};dL t/sf/L, kmnkm'n, lrof, slkm tyf h'l8j'6L v]tL / df5f
tyf kz'kfngsf nflu ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k'FhLut cg'bfg
;+Vof
15
11
15
11
;+Vof
1
1
1
1
;+Vof
10
4
10
4
;+Vof
25
29
25
29
;+Vof
3
2
3
2
;+Vof
1
1
1
1
;+Vof
10
3
10
3
108
71
108
71
hDdf
86
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
%=& ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|
s]lGb|o ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb| åf/f ;Dkflbt sfo{x¿M
1= ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] kl/k|]Iodf ;xsf/L of]hgf th'{df sfof{Gjog, cg'udg
tyf d"Nof+sg .
2= ;xsf/L Joj;fo tyf ahf/ k|j4{g tflnd .
3= ;xsf/L l;4fGt / ;xsf/L ;kmntfsf] cGt/;DaGw ;DaGwL cWoog .
4= art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;+rfng Joj:yfksnfO{ lbOg]
tflndsf] kf7\oof]hgf ;lxtsf] Dofg'cn tof/L .
5= tflnd ;fdfu|L tof/L tyf k|sfzg .
6= tflnd c'udg sfo{qmd .
7= k':tsfno ;'b[9Ls/0f .
8= k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd .
9= ;xsf/Ltfsf] dfWodaf6 s[lif If]qsf] Joj;flos/0f ;DaGwL cWoog
sfo{ .
s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb| tkm{ cf=j= @)^*÷)^( df ;DkGg
sfdx¿sf] nIo÷k|ult ;f/f+z
ljj/0f
nIo
k|ult










k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd
-clws[t :t/ sd{rf/Lx¿_ !% lbg]
! -@%_
k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd
-;xfos :t/ sd{rf/Lx¿_ -!% lbg !-@%_ !-@%_
;xsf/L Joj;fo tyf ahf/ k|j{4g tflnd -!) lbg]_
Joj:yfkg lzk ljsf; tflnd - !% lbg] _ @-%)_
/0fg}lts of]hgf th'{df ;DjGwL tflnd
-!)lbg]_
!%$_
Joj;flos g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd -& lbg]_ @-%)_
k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd
-!% lbg]_
@%)_
;xsf/L Aoj:yfkg / n]vfkfng tflnd -#) lbg]_
;+:yfut Ifdtf ljsf; tfnLd -lhNnfdf_ & lbg]
hDdf tfnLd ;+Vof k|lzIffly{
#* -(%) hgf_
87
@-@%_
^-!%)_
@-%)_
^-!%)_ ^@-%)_
!)-@%)_!)$-!))_ $-!))_
^-!%)_ ^-!%)_
#* -(%) hgf_
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{noaf6 ;Dkflbt sfo{x¿sf] ef}lts
nIo÷k|ult M
ljj/0f
nIo
k|ult
 cfwf/e"t ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg tflnd
 cfwf/e"t ;xsf/L n]vfkfng tflnd
 ljifout ;xsf/L clea[l4 tflnd
 ;xeflutfTds cfwf/e"t ;xsf/L
n]vfkfng tflnd
 ;xeflutfTds cfwf/e"t ;xsf/L
Joj:yfkg tflnd
 clen]v Joj:yfkg tflnd
 k"j{ ;xsf/L lzIff
 ;xsf/L ;r]tgf
 cled'lvs/0f tfnLd
 hDdf
 dfdnf cWoog
 5fqjf; lgdf{0f
88
@&-^&%_
#$-*%)_
%-!@%_
@^-^%)_
#$-*%)_
%-!@%_
!%-#&%_
!$-#%)_
!)-@%)_
%-!@%_
!*-$%)_
!*-$%)_
%-!@%_
!#& -#$@%_
%
%
!)-@%)_
%-!@%_
!*-$%)_
!&-$@%_
%-!@%_
!#$ -##%)_
%
@
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L k|lzIf)f s]Gb| -a=p=lz=g+ 312133–3÷4_
-cf=a= 2068÷69_
Psd'i& efl/t k|ult ljj/)f -/sd ? xhf/df_
l;=
sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf
g+
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
;xsf/L
;xsf/L
;xsf/L
;xsf/L
;xsf/L
;xsf/L
hDdf
k|lzIf0f
k|lzIf0f
k|lzIf0f
k|lzIf0f
k|lzIf0f
k|lzIf0f
21208
12140
16240
9840
11985
9945
26.068
14.922
19.961
12.095
14.731
12.224
jflif{s
efl/t
Reported Ps d'i&
k|ult
k|ult k|ltzt
5
6
100.000
26.068
37.620
5.614
100.000
19.961
95.340
11.531
65.000
9.575
88.830
10.858
81358
100.0
83.607
jflif{s
ah]^
ef/
3
4
s]Gb -s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|_
s]Gb-;'g;/L_
s]Gb-lrtjg_
s]Gb-sf:sL_
s]Gb-afFs]_
s]Gb-s}nfnL_
hDdf
efl/t
7
;xsf/L k|lzIf)f s]Gb| -a=p=lz=g+ 312133–3÷4_
-cf=a= 2068÷69_
jflif{s ljQLo k|ult -/sd ? xhf/df_
l;=g+=
1
2
3
4
5
sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf
s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|
;=k|= tyf l8 sf= ;'g;/L
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=lrtjg
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=sf:sL
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=jfFs]
jflif{s
ah]^
21208
12140
16240
9840
11985
89
jflif{s ah]^
jflif{s vr{
ljtLo k|ult
21208
12140
16240
9840
11985
20620.000
4567.000
16227.436
9380.650
7594.000
97.23
37.62
99.92
95.33
63.36
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
6
;=k|= tyf l8 sf=s}nfnL
hDdf
9945
81358
9945
81358
8834.000
67223.1
88.83
82.63
g]kfn ;/sf/
;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno
;xsf/L ljefu
jflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg
!=
cf=j= M– @)^*÷)^(
@= ah]6 pkzLif{s g+= M– #!@!#$–#÷$
#=
dGqfnoM– ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f
$= ljefu÷;+:yf M– ;xsf/L
%= sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] gfd M– ;xsf/L If]q ;'=cf=
^
cfof]hgf÷sfof{no k|d'vsf] gfd M– s]bf/ Gof}kfg]
&
o; cjlwsf] ah]6 -t[lto rf}dfl;s_ -?_M– 11269
-s_ cfGtl/s
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M–
-@_ :yfgLo lgsfo÷;+:yf M–
* o; cjlwsf] vr{ 10079
-s_ cfGtl/s
-#_ hg;xeflutf M–
OsfO{
1
2
c=
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf
sfo{qmdx?
!
s= ;xsf/L kl/;/ ;'wf/
v= kmlg{r/ tyf lkmSr/ vl/b
u= d]lzg/L vl/b
3= ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf]
;xsfo{df s[lifhGo pBf]ux?
@
3
kl/df0f
Eff/
ah]6
4
5
6
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M–
-@_ :yfgLo lgsfo÷;+:yf M–
-#_ hg;xeflutf M–
10079
(= rf}dfl;s ah]6sf] t'ngfdf vr{ k|ltzt M–
89
!)= z'?b]lv o; cjlw;Ddsf] s'n vr{ k|ltzt -s'n nfutsf] t'ngfdf_ M– 89
!!= lat]sf] ;do k|ltztdf -s'n cjlwsf] t'ngfdf_ M– 100
k|ltj]bg cjlw;Ddsf]
jflif{s nIo
jflif{s k|ult
o; cf= j= sf] k|ult
jflif{s nIo
sfo{qmd÷ls|ofsnfk M–
/sd ?= xhf/df
kl/df0f
Eff/
7
ah]6
8
9
kl/df0f
Eff/Lt
kl/df0f
ef/Lt
10
11
12
13
14
0
k6s
k6s
uf]6f
1
1
1
1.775
0.887
0.532
200
100
60
1
1
1
1.775
0.887
0.532
;+Vof
90
200
100
60
1
1
1
1.775
0.887
0.532
1
1
1
cfof]hgfsf] s'ndWo]
xfn;Dd
ef/Lt
kl/df0f
k|ult
1.775
0.887
0.532
15
s}lkmot
16
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
s=
cf=
!
@
#
$
^
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
:yfkgf
k"hLut vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?sf] hDdf
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf sfo{qmdx?
;xsf/L ;DjlGw >Ao b[[Zo 6]lnrnlrq tyf j[Qlrq lgdf{0f_
;'rgf ;+hfn Aoj:yfkgsf] nflu
;+rfng ;]jf s/f/
;xsf/L ;DaGwL >Jo b[Zo
;fdfu|L k|;f/0f - okm=Pd=
;d]t_
kqklqsf dfk{mt ;xsf/L
;DjgwL ;"rgf k|sfzg
jflif{s |k|ult k|ltj]bg k|sfzg,
;xsf/L tYofÍ j'n]l6g tyf
k|j4{g / hfu/0f ;fdfu|L
k|sfzg
sd{rf/Lsf] nflu /fli6o÷
cGt/fli6«o cWoog e|d0fdf
;xeflutf
;xsf/L lgodg tyf Ifdtf
ljsf; tflnd
;xsf/L k|j4{g uf]li6 -;fem]bf/L
tyf ;xeflutfTds sfo{s|d_
cGt/fli6«o ;xsf/L aif{ sfo{s|d
;xsf/L lbj;
jflif{s sfo{qmd th'{df, rf}=k|ult
;dLIff tyf ;xsf/L ;"rgf
Joj:yfkg ljlw ljifos If]lqo
uf]li6
jflif{s k|ult ;ldIff uf]i7L
cWoog cg';Gwfg
s= ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ lbOg]
3
3.195
360
3
3.195
360
3
3.195
3
3.195
k6s
2
2.662
300
2
2.662
300
2
2.662
2
2.662
k6s
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
3
3.993
k6s
12
4.259
480
12
4.259
480
12
4.259
12
4.259
k6s
25
4.437
500
25
4.437
500
25
4.437
25
4.437
;+Vof
7
4.437
500
7
4.437
500
7
4.437
7
4.437
;+Vof
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
2
2.662
k6s
1
1.331
150
1
1.331
150
0
0.000
0
0
k6s
3
3.993
450
3
3.993
450
2
2.662
1
1.331
k6s
k6s
1
1
5.449
1.065
614
120
1
1
5.449
1.065
614
120
1
1
5.449
1.065
1
1
5.449
1.065
k6s
4
4.437
500
4
4.437
500
4
4.437
4
4.437
k6s
1
1.331
150
1
1.331
150
1
1.331
1
1.331
;+Vof
3
2.662
300
3
2.662
300
3
2.662
3
2.662
91
0
0
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
!%
!&
cg'bfg tyf cGo sfo{ljlw
th'{df
v_ ;xsf/L gd"gf ljlgod
lgdf{0f
3'DtL ;xsf/L ;]jf tyf ;xsf/L
cg'udg
;xsf/L ;+3x?nfO{ cg'bfg
rfn' vr{ cGtu{tsf
sfo{qmdx?sf] hDdf
s'n hDdf
aflif{s rf}dfl;s k|ult k|ltzt
180
3
1.597
3
1.597
6.789
765
44.370
5000
50
6.789
50
6.789
12
44.370
12
44.37
;+Vof
3
lhNnf
50
;+Vof
12
131
96.81
10909
131
96.81
10909
129
94.14
127
91.48
0
0
134
100.00
11269
134
100.00
######
132.00
97.34
130.00
94.68
0.00
0.00
1.597
180
3
6.789
765
50
44.370
5000
12
1.597
97.34
sfof{no k|d'v M–
ldlt M–
ljefuLo÷;+:yf k|d'v M–
ldlt M–
92
k|dfl0ft ug]{ M–
ldlt M–
0
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
kl/R5]b – ^
jflif{s k|ult ;dLIff uf]i7L
^=! ;+lIfKt emns M
g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;j} ljifout lgsfox¿n] k|To]s cf=j=df
jflif{s ¿kdf :jLs[t sfo{qmdx¿sf] ;dLIff ug]{ k/Dk/f ePcg';f/
g]kfn ;/sf/ ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfno, ;xsf/L ljefusf]
cf=j= )^*.)^( sf] jflif{s sfo{qmd ;dLIff uf]i7L olx @)^( >fj0f
@*, @( / #) ut] s]lGb|o ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf] ;efxndf ;';DkGg
eof] . o; uf]i7Lsf] k"/f cjlwe/ >Ldfg\ /lhi6f/Ho" nufot ;xsf/L
ljefusf ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lx¿, s]lGb|o ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|–!, ;xsf/L
k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{nox¿ %, l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no ## sf
sfof{no k|d'v / cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof]
eg] sfo{qmdsf] pb3f6g ;df/f]xdf ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqL
dfggLo Psgfy 9sfnHo", >Ldfg\ ;lrj s]zj e§/fO{Ho", /fli6«o ;xsf/L
;+3sf cWoIf s]zj j8fnHo", dGqfnosf ;x;lrjHo'x¿, dfggLo
dGqLHo"sf ;Nnfxsf/, ljifout ;+3sf cWoIf tyf k|ltlgwLx¿, kqsf/
nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;xsf/L sfof{non] jflif{s ¿kdf
:jLs[t sfo{qmd / ljlgof]lht jh]6sf] ljQLo tyf efl/t k|ult nufot
;du| sfo{k|ult s:tf] /xg uof], /fd|f / ;'wf/f]gd'v kIf s] s] /x] <
;xsf/L sfof{non] ef]Ug' k/]sf ;d:of / pknAw cj;/x¿ s] s] 5g\ <
cfbL . ;xsf/L sfof{nosf k|d'vx¿n] cfkm\gf] sfof{nosf] jflif{s k|ult
k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3, /fli6«o ;xsf/L
j}+s / s]lGb|o ljifout ;+3x¿af6 klg klg cf–cfˆgf] jflif{s k|ult
k|ltj]bg k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f]if0f ;xsf/L ljefusf
j=s[lif cy{lj1 >L lji0f' k|;fb l3ld/]Ho"n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] :jfut
dGtAo ljefusf /lhi6«f/ >L s]bf/ Gof}kfg]Ho"n] k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
;f]xL cj;/df ;xsf/L ljefu / cGtu{sf sfof{nox¿sf] ;du| k|ult
k|ltj]bg /lhi6«f/Ho"af6 k]z ePsf] lyof]
jflif{s ;dLIf uf]i7Lsf] p4]Zo M
jflif{s k|ult ;dLIff uf]i7Lsf] p4]Zo lgdgf';f/ /x]sf] lyof] M
!_ jflif{s ¿kdf ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx¿sf] n]vfhf]vf ug'{ .
93
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
@_ sfof{nout ;d:of klxrfg u/L k|ult sd x'gfsf sf/0fx¿,
sfo{qmdsf ;jn tyf ;'wf/f]gd'v kIf klxNofpg' .
#_ efjL sfo{qmd lgdf0f{ / / sfof{Gjgdf k[i7kf[]if0f k|fKt u'g{' .
$_ Ps csf{sf /fd|f kIf, ;xeflux¿ jLr ;]ol/Ë ug{' .
%_ ;xsf/L ;+u ;DalGwt ;a} kIfx¿n] jflif{s ¿kdf ;+rflnt
sfo{qmdx¿jf/] oyf{t hfgsf/L k|fKt ug'{ .
^_ gLltut ;'wf/sf ljifox¿ klxrfg ug'{ .
&_ ;xsf/L ljsf;sf cfufdL sfo{lbzf lgdf{0f ug'{ .
k|ult ;dLIff uf]i7L sfo{qmd M
jflif{s sfo{qmd ;ldIff uf]i7LnfO{ Jojl:yt 9+un] cuf8L a9fpg
ljleGg ;qx¿df ljefhg ul/Psf] lyof] . h'g o; k|sf/ 5 M
s_ pb3f6g ;q
ldlt @)^( >fj0f @* ut] ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfnosf
;lrj >L s]zj k|;fb e§/fO{ Ho"sf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] pb\3f6g
sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltyL ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqL dfggLo Psgfy
9sfn Ho"n] kfg;df aQL jfnL pb\3f6g ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} uf]i7Lsf]
;kmNftfsf] z'esfdgf AoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;xsf/L Ps qm; sl6Ë ljifo
ePsf]n] o;sf] ljsf;sf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnf ;j} If]q, ju{ / lgsfosf] plQs}
e"dLsf /x]sf] ljifodf dfggLo dGqLHo"n] hf]8 lbg' ePsf] lyof] .
dgtAos} qmddf dfggLo dGqLHo"n] ;xsf/L If]qdf /x]sf ljs[lt
lj;+ult x6fO{ o; If]qjf6 pknAwL xfl;n ug{ sd{rf/Lsf] 1fg, l;ksf]
ljsf; ug'{ kg]{, sd{rf/Lx¿ ;xsf/Ld}qL x'g' kg]{ ;fy} cg'udgnfO{
k|efjsf/L agfpg' kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{sf ;fy};xsf/L dGqfno xfn
sfo{qmd / ;|f]t ljlxg /x]sf]n] s]xL c;lhnf] cK7of/f] /x] klg rf8} of]
;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .
pb\3f6g ;df/f]xd} dfggLo ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f
dGqLHo"af6 s]lGb|o ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt d'vkq æ;xsf/L
k'~hÆ sf] ljdf]rg ;';DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
;ldIff uf]i6Ldf :jfut dGtJo /fVg] qmddf ;xsf/L ljefusf
/lhi6«f/ >L s]bf/ Gof}kfg]Ho"n] uf]i7Lsf] p4]Zo / cf}lrTotf dfly k|sfz kfb}{
;xsf/L ljefusf] lgdGq0ffnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]/ sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g'ePsf
;j} cltyLx¿ / ;xeflux¿nfO{ xflb{s :jfut ug'{eof] . ;fy} ljut jif{x¿
94
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
b]lv g} jflif{s ¿kdf ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx¿df ;+rnfgsf qmdd b]lvPsf
sl7gfOx¿ jf/] hfgsf/L lnO{ cfufdL lbgdf ;'wf/fTds pkox¿ cjnDg
ug{ uf]i7L pkof]uL x'g] wf/0f JoSt ug'{eof] .
uf]i7LnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ /fli6«o ;xsf/L jf]8{sf ;b:o ;lrj g]q
Gof}kfg]n] yf]/} hgzlQmsf afah'b @%))) xhf/ ;xsf/Lsf]
cg'udgul//x]sf] ljefunfO{ wGoafb lbb} ;xsf/L dfkm{t ul/aL lgjf/0f ug{
gofF dGqfnoaf6 hgtfn] u/]sf w]/} ck]Iff k"/f ug{ ;xsf/Lsf] k\j4{g /
ljsf;df xfdL ;a]sf] ;xsfo[ / ;dGjo bl/nf] jgfpg'kg]{ ljrf/ JoSt
ug'{eof] .
;a} ljifout s]lGb|o ;+3sf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ub}{ g]kfn
s]lGb|o :jf:Yo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= sf cWoIf >L /fh]Gb| k|;fb kf08]n]
;xsf/Ldf km/s df]8]nx¿ :yflkt ug'{kg]{ ljifodf hf]8 lbb} ;j}n]
;xsf/L ljifodf cWoog ug{ :s"n ckm sf]–ck/]6Le l8kf6{d]G6sf]
cfjZoStf cf}Nofg' eof] . pxfFn] xfn nfnaGbL / emfkfdf ;xsf/L
c:ktfn aGb} u/]sf] s'/f jtfpg' x'Fb} dgdf]xg ;xsf/L ljZjljBfno
:yfkgfsf] sfo{ clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] .
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= cWoIf s]zj a8fnHo"n] ;xsf/L If]qn]
ljz]if u/L lj=;=@)$* kl5 u/]sf] of]ubfgnfO{ ;xL ¿kdf aflx/ Nofpg
;xsf/L ljefun] yk u[xsfo{ ug'{kg]{ s'/f jtfpg' eof] . jxfn] ;xsf/L
If]qsf] lj:t[t cfly{s ;j]{If0f ug{ ;d]t cf}Nofpb} ;xsf/L If]qsf] % aif]{
/0fg}lts of]hgf lgdf0f{ ug'{kg]{ s'/f /fVg'eof] .
pb\3f6g ;qsf ;efklt ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfnosf
;lrj >L s]zj e§/fO{n] sfg"gsf] kl/wLleq /x]/ lgodg / cg'udgnfO{
yk k|efjsf/L agfpg hf]8 lbb} /fli6«o ;xsf/L gLlt th'{df eO/x]sf]
hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;xsf/L P]gnfO{ ;do ;dk]If kl/jt{g / ;+zf]wgsf]
vFfrf] cf}Nofpb} bL3{sfnLg ;xsf/L of]hgf jgfpg sfo{qmd to ePsf]
hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . jxfFn] ;xsf/L If]qdf ;"rgf k|ljwLsf] k|of]u
a9fpg' kg]{ / dGqfno, ljefu, sfof{no, jf]8{ / ;+3x¿sf] :ki6 sfo{If]q
juL{s/0f ug'{kg]{ ljifo cf}FNofg'eof] .
k|yd ;q M
uf]i7Lsf] kyd ;q ldlt @)^(.)$.@* ut] @ ah]jf6 k|f/De
95
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
eof] . pQm ;qsf] ;efkltTj ;xsf/L ljefusf /lhi6«f/ s]bf/
Gof}kfg]Ho"n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{;+rfng ljefusf jl/i7 s[lif
cy{lj1 lji0f' k|;fb l3dl/]n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . klxnf] ;qdf ljifout
s]lGb|o ;+3x¿, /fli6«o ;xsf/L j}+ / /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3n] jflifs k|ult
k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ sfo{qmd /x] adf]lhd tkl;nsf ;+3x¿n] cf–cfˆgf]
k|utL k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf] lyP .
g]kfn s]lGb|o s[lif ;xsf/L ;+3
g]kfn s]lGb|o df}/L ;xsf/L :f+3 ln=
g]kfn s]lGb|o t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n ;xsf/L
;+3
h'gf/ s]lGb|o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
s]lGb|o lrof ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
h8Lj'6L s]lGb|o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
pkef]Qmf s]lGb|o ;xsf/L ;+3
ljB't s]lGb|o ;xsf/L :f+3 ln=
s]lGb|o ;+rf/ ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
b'Uw ;xsf/L s]lGb|o ;+3 ln=
g]kfn art tyf C0f s]lGb|o ;xsf/L ;+3
ln=
/fli6«o ;xsf/L a}s ln=
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
?b| e§/fO{
ch'{g kf]v/]n
ljgf]b k/fh'nL
lbks sf]O/fnf
uf]ljGb bfxfn
eQm axfb'/ zfx
lbks kf}8]n
v]d ;'j]bL
wd{/fh kl08t
nf]s
axfb'/
v8\sf
cd[tf ;'Aaf
/d]z kf]v/]n
afa'n vgfn
k|ult k|ltj]bg k|:t'ltsf bf}/fg ;a} ;+3x/n] cf–cfˆgf] ;+:yfsf]
kl/ro, p4]Zo, cf=j= )^*.)^( df ;+rflnt ultljwlx¿ laz]if u/L
;xsf/L ljefuaf6 k|fKt cg'bfgaf6 ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx¿ ;lxt, ;+3sf
cfufdL sfo{qmd, ;d:of, cj;/, ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno
ljefuaf6 ck]Iff u//]sf ljifox¿s} ;]/f]km]/f]df /x]/ k|:t'tLs/0f u/]sf
lyP .
bf]>f] ;q M
bf]>f] lbgsf] klxnf] ;q ;xsf/L ljefusf /lhi6«f/ >L s]bf/
Gof}kfg]Ho"sf] cWoIftfdf / bf]>f] ;q ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f
dGqfnosf ;lrj >ldfg\ s]zj e§/fO{Ho"sf] cWoIftfdf ;+rfng ePsf]
lyof] . k|ult ;dLIff sfo{qmdsf] bf]>f] lbg s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|,
96
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{no -%_ / l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no
-##_ sf sfof{no k|d'vx¿n] cf–cfkm\gf] k|fb]lzs sfo{If]q leqsf] cf=j=
)^*.^( df ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|ult k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . o;}
u/L ;xsf/L ljefudf sfo{/t hfkfgL ;xof]u lgof]u -hfO{sf_ sf jl/i7
:jo+;]js Mitsuya Odasima af6 cfkm'n] jif{e/Ldf u/]sf] sfo{k|ult /
;xsf/LnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg ckgfpg' kg]{ pkfox¿sf] jf/]df sfo{kq
k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;xefuLaf6 ejg -5fqfjf; _ lgdf{0f eO{ /x]sf]
sfof{nox¿ jfx]s k|foM ;j} sfof{nox¿af6 nIo cg';f/ ;tk|ltzt
k|ult ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fO{of] . ejg lgdf{0fdf nIo cg';f/ k|ult
gx'g'df 7]s]bf/sf] nfk/jfxL, jGb x8tfn cflb sf/0fx¿ lhDd]jf/ /x]sf]
hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . o4lk sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf ;du|df
lgDgfg';f/sf ;d:of, k|ltlqmof / ;'emfjx¿ k|fKt ePsf lyP M
 tfnLddf ;xefuLx¿n] k|fKt ug]{ eQfsf] gD;{ w]/} k'/fgf ePsf]n]
;do ;fk]If ¿kdf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{ .
 k'/fgf ;femf / ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] ;DktL, bfloTj lwtf] ;DjGwdf
dGqfno / ljefun] cjfZos lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{ .
 tfnLd sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ qmdzM ljs]Gb|Ls/0f ub}{ n}hfg' kg]{ . ;xsf/L
k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{nox¿sf] ;Gb{edf bf]xf]/f bfloTj
ePsf]n] k|lzIf0f / l8lehg sfof{nox¿ 5'§f 5'§} :yfkgf u/L
k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x¿nfO{ k|fl1s ynf]sf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug'{ kg]{ ;'emfjx¿
cfPsf] lyof] .
 ;xefuLx¿af6 ;DjlGwt sfof{nox¿df hgzlQm tyf ef}lts >f]t
;fwgx¿sf] sdL ePsf]n] k"lt{ ug{ cg'/f]w e} cfPsf] lyof] .
sfof{nodf ;jf/L ;fwg sDKo"6/, dN6Ld]l8of, Sofd]/f cflb ck|ofKt
ePsf]n] k'/f ul/lbg Wofgfsif{0f ul/Psf] lyof] .
 s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] btf{ u/]sf] ;+:yfsf] /]s8{ cWofjlws ug{ /
lgoldt ug{ sl7gfO{ ePsf] ;d:of .
 ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;+VofTds j[l4nfO{ lgoGq0f u/L u'0ffTds j[l4df
hf]8 lbg' kg]{ / o;sf nflu btf{ k|s[ofnfO{ Aojl:yt ug{ /
Plss/0fnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ cfjZos k|s[of cuf8L j9fpg' kg]{ .
 j}b]lzs tfnLd, cWoog e|d0fdf lhNnfaf6 klg ;dfg'kflts 9+un]
;dfj]z ubf{ pko'Qm x'g] .
97
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg






n]vfk/LIfs ;Fu cGt{lqmof / ;kmn ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] cWoog
cjnf]sg e|d0f sfo{qmd ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ .
ul/jL lgjf/0f sf]if / o'jf :j/f]huf/ sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd ;xsf/L
dfkm{t sfof{Gjog ug{ ljefu / dGqfnon] ;lqmo kxn / cWoog
ug'{ kg]{ .
k|ult ;dLIff s} qmddf ljefusf /lhi6«f/ >L s]bf/ Gof}kfg]Ho"n]
Resources are limited but Creativity is unlimited eg]em}
dftxtsf lgsfox¿df >f]t ;fwgsf] ;d:of /x]sf] cfkm'nfO{
hfgsf/L ePsf] / >f]t ;fwg o'Qm jgfpg ljefu lqmoflzn ePsf]
hfgsf/L u/fpg' x'b} l;ldt >f]t ;fwgsf] dxQd k|of]u u/L
gful/snfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ / ;xsf/L lgodg / k|j4{gdf v/f] pqg
;xefuLx¿nfO{ lgb]{zg lbg' eof] .
k|ult ;dLIffs} qmddf ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfnosf
;lrj >L s]zj e§/fO{Ho"n] ;xsf/L If]q lj:tf/ eO{ /x]sf], sfg"gL
dfGotf ;d]t kfO{ ;s]sf] / cy{tGqsf tLg vDjf dWo] Ps vDjfsf]
¿kdf :jLsfl/Psf] tYonfO{ dgg\ ug{ lgb]{zg lbg' eof] . ;fy} jxfn]
;/sf/sf] gLlt sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|ltlglw xfdLg} xf}+ eGg] s'/fdf ;r]t
/xg lgb]{zg lbg' x'b} /fli6«o ;xsf/L gLlt th'{df ug]{ sfo{ clGtd
r/0fdf k'u]sf] / /fli6«o ;xsf/L P]g @)$* cWofjlws ug]{ ;f]r
/x]sf] s'/f ;xefuLx¿nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] .
o;}u/L >Ldfg\ ;lrjHo"af6 sfof{no ;+Vof Ps}k6s &% lhNnfdf
k'¥ofpFbf hgzlQm / cGo >f]t ;fwgsf cg'¿k k"lt{ ug{ ;lsg]
g;lsg] ljifo ;d]t d"Nof+sg ug'{ kg]{ s'/f /fVg' x'b} l8lehg
sfof{nosf ef}lts ;d:of ;dfwfg k|s[of of]hgfj4 ¿kdf cl3
j9fpg' kg]{ s'/f cf}Nofpg' eof] .
>f]t ;fwgsf] k|fyldsLs/0f ub}{ cl3 j9\g, pbfx/0fLo sfdx¿sf]
k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{ / Innovative sfdx¿sf] c¿ ;dsIfLx¿;Fu
;fem]bf/L u/L l;Sg l;sfpg ;d]t lgb]{zg lbg' eof] . ;fy} o;
k|sf/sf/ uf]i7L gLltut ¿kdf k[i7kf]if0f ug{ Hofb} pkof]uL x'g] s'/f
cf}Nofpg' x'Fb} uf]i7Lsf] ;f/x¿ k|ult k|ltj]bgsf] ¿kdf ljefuaf6
k|fKt x'g]g}5 eGg] ljZjf; AoQm ug'{ eof] .
98
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
t]>f] lbg M
ldlt )^(.$.#) ut] t]>f] tyf clGtd lbg ;xsf/L ljefusf
/lhi6«f/ >L s]bf/ Gof}kfg] Ho"sf] cWoIftfdf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf]
lyof] . pQm lbg ljz]if u/L ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ yk ;'b[9 / Aojl:yt ¿kdf
ljsf; ug{ Wofg lbg' kg]{ ljleGg ljifox¿df ;xeflutfd'ns 9+un]
5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] tYof+snfO{ cfO{=6L= j];
jgfpg] eGg] ljifo tyf cGo ;xsf/Lsf] ;d ;fdlos ljifodf rrf{
ePsf] lyof] .
;dfkg ;df/f]x M
jflif{s k|ult ;dLIff uf]i7Lsf] ;dfkg ;df/f]x ldlt )^(.$.#) ut]
lbp;f] $M)) jh] ;xsf/L ljefusf pk /lhi6«f/ >L pk]Gb| 9'+ufgfHo"sf]
;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+rfng ljefusf j=s[lif
cy{lj1 lji0f' k|;fb l3ld/]n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
^=@ pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf dfggLo dGqLHo"af6 lbg'ePsf] dGtAo
;xsf/L ljefu cGt/ut cf=j= @)^*÷^( df ;DkGg ePsf sfo{s|dx¿sf]
k|ult ;dLIff uf]i7Ldf ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfnosf df=dGqL
>L Psgfy 9sfnHo" af6 lbg'ePsf] z'esfdgf dGtJo M
sfo{qmddf cWoIf, dGqfnosf ;lrj tyf ;x ;lrjx¿, /fli6«o
;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf tyf s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf jf pkl:yt
kbflwsf/Lx¿, dGqfno, ljefu, ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb| tyf l8lehg
;xsf/L sfof{nosf clws[t tyf cGo txsf sd{rf/Lx¿, Pj+ kqsf/
ldqx¿ .
;j{k|yd jflif{s ;dLIff uf]i7Lsf] k"0f{ ;kmtfsf] nflu z'esfdgf
lbg rfxG5' . ;xsf/L ljefun] lgoldt ¿kdf k|To]s jif{ ut cfly{s
jif{sf] jh]6 tyf sfo{qmdx¿sf] ;dLIff ug]{ ub{5 . of] jif{sf] ;dLIff
sfo{qmd cl3Nnf] jif{x¿sf] eGbf cln j9L dxTj /fVb5 . xfdLnfO{ yfxf
5 ;xsf/LIf]qsf] AofkstfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] xfn}
;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfnosf] :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf]
jif{sf] k|ultsf] ;dLIff ub{} dxTjk"0f{ pknAwL / sdL sdhf]/Lsf] jf/]df
o; uf]i7Ldf v'Nnf 5nkmn x'g]5 / o; cfwf/df cfufdL lbgx¿df
99
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf; lj:tf/ tyf k|j4{gsf nflu :ki6 vfsf tof/ ug{
of] uf]i7L ;kmn x'g]5 eGg] d}n] ljZjf; lnPsf] 5' .
of] uf]i7Ldf ;xsf/L cleofgsf dxTjk"0f{ lgsfox¿ M /fli6«o
;xsf/L ;+3, !$ j6} ljifout s]Gb|Lo ;+3x¿ / ;xsf/L j}+ssf tkm{af6
;d]t ut cfly{s jif{ leq ;DkGg ul/Psf] sfdx¿, dxTjk"0f{
pknAwLx¿ / ;d:ofx¿ 5nkmnsf nflu k|:t't x'g klg sfo{qmd /x]sf]
d}n] j'em]sf] 5' . ;xsf/Lsf] ;du| ljsf; ;/sf/ / ;xsf/L cleofgsf]
;fem]bf/Ldf e/ k/]sf] x'G5 . ut cf=j=df cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L jfif{sf]
cflw cjlwsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L
jif{sf ck]lIft tyf ;DkGg ul/Psf sfo{qmdx¿ klg xfd|f] ;dLIffsf]
ljifo jgf]; eGg] d]/f] cg'/f]w 5 .
of] ;dLIff uf]i7Lsf] tof/ ug{ ;xsf/L ljefun] ljif]z Wofg
lbg]5 . ;dLIff uf]i7Lsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df dGqfnon] cfjZos gLlt
tyf sfo{qmdx¿ to ;d]t ug]{ ePsf]n] ;xsf/Lsf] /fli6«o tyf s]Gb|Lo
;+3x¿, /fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{ tyf ;xsf/L ljefun] ;DkGg u/]sf
sfdx¿, sdL sdhf]/Lx¿ / ;d:ofx¿ k|ltj]bgdf ;d]l6g h?/L 5 .
o; cfwf/df k|ultsf] ;dLIff / of] cf=j=sf nflu ul/g] sfdx¿sf]
jf/]df uDeL/ 9+un] 5nkmndf ;xefuL x'g ;DjlGwt ;j}nfO{ cg'/f]w
ub{5' .
dGqfnodf :yfkgf ePsf] klg # dlxgf Aoltt ePsf] 5 .
b]zsf] /fhg}lts ;d:ofn] ubf{ rf'n cf=j=sf nflu k"0f{ jh]6 cpg
;s]g s]xL 9Lnf] eP klg g]kfn ;/sf/n] of] cf=j=sf] nflu jh]6
Nofpg]5 eGg] dnfO{ ljZjf; 5 . pknAw ;fwg >f]t tyf xfd|f] cfkm\g}
Ifdtfsf] pkef][u u/]/ ;/sf/ tyf cleofg ;d]t Psfsf/ eO{ b]xfosf
sfddf ljz]if Wofg lbg d ;DjlGwt ;j}nfO{ cfu|x ub{5' .
/fli6«o ;xsf/L gLltsf] th'{dfsf] If]qdf w]/} sfd ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . o; cl3 sfod /x]sf] lgjf{wg cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] sf/0f jLrsf]
;dodf d:of}bf gLlt g]kfn ;/sf/sf :jLs[ltsf nflu Sofljg]6 k7fpg]
k|s[of cl3 j9fpg ;lsPg cj ;do km]/L ;sf/ftds jg]sf]n] of] sfd
lz3| ;DkGg ug{ u/fpg dGqfnon] Wofg lbg]g} 5 . gLlt Nofpg] sfd
cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L jif{sf] /fli6«o ;ldltn] to u/]sf] sfo{qmdsf]
dxTjk"0f{ c+u klg xf] .
100
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L If]qnfO{ ljjflbt jgfpg] sfd art tyf C0fsf]
sf/f]jf/ ug]{ s]xL ;xsf/Lsf sf/0fn] ;[hgf ePsf] xfdLn] :jLsf/ ug}{
k5{ ;xsf/Lsf] Aoj:yfkgsf] kIfdf /xg] u/]sf sdL sdhf]/Lsf sf/0f
klg art tyf C0fsf ;+:yfx¿ hf]lvddf k/]sf 5g\ . o; If]qnfO{
Aojl:yt jgfpg] sfd ;/sf/ / ;xsf/L cleofgsf] klxnf] k|fyldstfdf
kg}{ kb{5 . dGqfnon] :ynut tyf u}/ :ynut cg'udgnfO{ k|efjsf/L
jgfpg tTsfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg pkfox¿ cjnDjg ug]{ u/fpg]
sfdsf] yfngL u/]sf] 5 . o; sfdnfO{ pRr k|fyldstf lbO{ sfd ug{ /
;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;DjGwLt ;j}sf] Wofg cfs[i6 ub{5' .
@) jif{ eGbf cuf8L jg]sf] ;xsf/L P]g, lgodnfO{ kl/dfh{g
ug}{ kg]{ cj:yf ;[hgf ePsf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} art tyf C0f / ;xsf/L
j}+ssf] nflu cnUu} sfg"gsf vfFrf] b]lvPsf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} ;xsf/L
Aoj;fosf nflu jfws cGo If]qut sfg"gx¿df kl/dfh{gsf] cfjZostf
/x]sf] 5 . sfg"g kl/dfh{g tyf lgdf{0fsf] sfdsf] ;du| g]t[Tj dGqfnon]
lgjf{x ug]{g}5 . o; sfof{df cleofg tyf /fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{n]
;dod} cf cfkm\gf bfloTjx¿ lgjf{x ug{ d cfu|x ub{5' .
;xsf/L ljefun] clxn] ;xsf/Lsf] lgodg sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L
9+un] cl3 j9fpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;xsf/L If]qsf] tYof+s tyf ;"rgf
Aoj:yfkg / ;+k|]if0fsf] sfo{ k|efjsf/L jg]s]f 5}g . of]hgfx¿
sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg h:tf sfdx¿ k|efjsf/L jgfpg klg hgzlQm
gk'u]sf] cj:yf 5 . sfof{nox¿ l;ldt lhNnfdf /x]sf]n] hgtfn]
;xsf/L btf{ ug{ / /fHon] k|jfx ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfaf6 jl~rt /xg' k/]sf]
5 . ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x¿sf] k|efjsf/Ltf / Ifdtfdf k|Zg pl7/x]sf]
5 . /fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{ cfkm'nfO{ sfg"gn] lbPsf] sfdx¿ ug{
g;ls/x]sf] cj:yfdf 5 . csf]{lt/ ;xsf/L cleofgdf ;xsf/L ;+3x¿sf]
e'ldsf k|efjsf/L jGg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . ;+3x¿sf] ;b:otf glng] /
glbg] b'j} cj:yf ljBdfg 5g\ . o;/L ;du| ;xsf/Lsf ;+/rgfx¿df
;'wf/sf] vfFrf] 5 . ;xsf/L ljefu / /fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{sf]
e'ldsfnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg s:tf] ;+/rgf / hgzlQm rflxg] xf] ;f]sf]
jf/]df cWoog u/L ;+u7g tyf Aoj:yfkgsf] k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ u/fpg
klg dGqfnon] g]t[Tj bflo e'ldsf lgjf{x u/f]; eGg] d rfxG5' . o:t}
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 tyf ljifout s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3x¿n] klg ;xsf/L
101
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;+3x¿nfO{ j9L Aoj;flos jgfpg ug'{ kg]{ ;+/rgfut ;'wf/ tyf
;+3x¿sf] ljwfgdf cfjZos kl/dfh{g ub}{ cl3 j9\g cg'/f]w ub{5' .
;xsf/L If]q hgrf;f]sf] k|d'v s]Gb| jGb} uPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L
If]qsf] ljsf; k|lt O{iof{ ug]{ ;d'x klg lqmoflzn 5g\ . ;xsf/L If]q leq
klg ljs[lt lj;+ult df}nfpg] qmd /f]lsPsf] 5}g . o:tf] cj:yfdf
;xsf/LIf]qdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lx¿df ;xsf/L ljifosf] /fd|f] 1fg tyf
;xsf/L d}qL Aojxf/sf] vfFrf] kb{5 . ;+ul7t x'Fb} uPsf] ;xsf/L If]q,
hgr]tgfdf cfPsf] j[l4, cfd ;+rf/ If]qsf] ;xsf/LIf]q k|ltsf] rf;f], Pj+
;/sf/n] ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ gofF 9+un] n}hfg yfngL u/sf sfo{qmdx¿n]
klg ;xsf/L If]qdf ;j} ;/sf/L lgsfox¿sf kbflwsf/L tyf
sd{rf/Lx¿ j9Lg} cg';flzt jGg' kg]{ x'G5 . ;fwg >f]t tyf j[lQ
ljsf;sf cj;/x¿ j9fpg tkm{ dGqfnon] ljz]if kxn ug]{g} 5 .
sfof{nodf /x]sf l/Qm kbx¿df sd{rf/L k7fpg] jf kbk"lt{sf nflu
tTsfn} k|lqmofx¿ cl3 j9fpg klg d ;DjlGwt sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Wofg
cfs[i6 u/fpg rfxG5' . ;'g;/L, lrtjg, sf:sL, g]kfnu~h / wgu9Ldf
/x]sf] k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x¿nfO{ ;jf/Lsf] ;fwg hLk jf sf/ tyf cWo
sfof{nox¿ ;d]tnfO{ cfjZos oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿ pknAw dGqfnon]
k|of; ul/ /x]sf] d hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5' . o:t} cfjZos cGo
pks/0f tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ;+ef/df kof{Kt Wofg
k'¥ofpg d ljefuo k|d'v tyf lhDd]jf/ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cg'/f]w ub{5' .
;xsf/L ljefu tyf ;xsf/L sfof{nox¿ :yfgLo ;xsf/L ;+3x¿ /
;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfox¿ jLr ;dGjo ug{ ;xsf/L
;+:yfx/nfO{ j9L eGbf j9L s;/L ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 To; tkm{
s]Gb|Lt x'g d ;j} sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ lgb]{zg lbg rfxG5' . cg'udg tyf
tfnLdsf sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|efjsf/Ltfdf ljz]if Wofg lbg' x'g]5 . cg'bfg
tyf ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fPsf] ;xof]usf] ;b'kof]u eP gePsf] ;f]sf]
clen]v / sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0fx¿ cWofjlws /fVg] tyf ;f]sf] cfwf/df
dflyNnf] lgsfodf k|ltj]bg lbg] Aoj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg' x'g]5 .
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿n] nu]sf] cg'bfg pkof]u u/]sf] ;'ljwfx¿sf]
b'¿kof]unfO{ lg?T;fxg ul/Pg eg] ;du| ;xsf/L If]q sn+sLt jGg
k'Ug]5 eGg] ljifonfO{ uDeL/tf ;fy lng klg d ;j}nfO{ cg'/f]w ub{5' .
102
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
d}n] s]xL lhNnfsf] e|d0fsf] qmddf ;xsf/Lsf sfof{nox¿ tyf
;xsf/L cleofgsf] cj:yfsf jf/]df cg'e't u/]sf /fd|f g/fd|f kIfx¿sf]
oxfF rrf{ ug{ rflxg . ;du|df ;xsf/Lsf sfof{nox¿ ;fwg, >f]t /
ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf cefjdf /x]sf 5g\, ;xsf/L sd{rf/Lx¿df pT;fx
Nofpg] tx ;Ddsf] j[lQ ljsf; tyf ;'ljwfsf Aoj:yfx¿ guGo /x]sf
5g\ ;fy} cleofg tkm{ klg ;xsf/L lzIff / tfnLdsf] cefjsf sf/0f
lj;+ultx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . cg'udg lg:k|efjL /x]sf]n] ;xsf/Lsf ;+3 /
;+:yfx¿ ;xsf/L k4tLdf grn] klg x'g] eGg] vfnsf] efg kg{ yfn]sf]
5.
cfhsf] o; sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|n] ;xsf/L
k'~h gfdsf] ;xsf/L ;"rgf / 1fgd'ns ;fdfu|Lx¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf]
klxnf] cw{jflif{s lqmlt k|sfzgdf NofPsf] 5 . ;xsf/Lsf] ;ft l;4ft
cGt{ut dxTjk"0f{ l;4fGt lzIff tfnLd / ;"rgfsf] efjgfnfO{
k|ltljDjLt ub}{ yfngL ul/Psf] of] k|sfzgn] lgoldt kfcf]; eGg]
z'esfdgf lbg rfxG5' . o; s[ltnfO{ ;xsf/L If]qsf ;/sf/L tyf
cleofgsf ;xsf/L lj1 tyf n]vsx¿n] pTs[i6 /rgfx¿ pknAw
u/fP/ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g]5 eGg] d}n] ljZjf; lnPsf] 5' . o; s[ltsf]
k|sfzgdf of]hgf jgfpg] tyf k|sfzgdf Nofpg] txdf lqmoflzn
s]Gb|sf k|frfo{ tyf cGo ;j}nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb tyf jwfO{ lbg rfxG5' .
cGtdf ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; lj:tf/ tyf k|j4{gdf of]ubfg
k'¥ofpg' ePsf]df d ;j}nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb AoQm ub}{ cfkm\gf] egfO{
cGTo ub{5' .
^=# ;dLIff uf]i7Lsf k|:t't ul/Psf sfo{kqx¿
s_ ;xsf/L ljefu / cGt{utsf sfof{noaf6 cf=j= )^*.^( df ;+rflnt
sfo{qmdx¿sf] jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
s]bf/ Gof}kfg]
/lhi6«f/
103
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
104
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
105
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
106
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
107
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
108
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
109
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
110
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
111
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
112
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
u_ ;xsf/L lzIff / tfnLdsf] dxTj, ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx¿ M
pk]Gb| axfb'/ 9'+ufgf
pk /lhi6«f/
k[i6e'ld M
g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;xsf/L k|0ffnLsf] lbuf] ljsf; / :yfloTjsf]
nflu ;xsf/L lzIff / tfnLddf ljz]if dxTj lbb} cfPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L
If]qdf sfo{/t /x]sf] ljleGg lsl;dsf] hgzlQmnfO{ ;dofg"s'n lg/Gt/
¿kdf lzIff tyf tflnd k|bfg ug]{ clek|fon] lj=;+= @)!( ;fndf
s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] lyof] . o; k|lzIf0f
s]Gb|n] cfkm\gf] :yfkgf sfn b]lv g} lg/Gt/ ¿kdf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf
;+rfns, Aoj:yfks / ;b:ox¿ nufot ;xsf/L sfof{nosf
sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L ;DjGwL tflnd lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . lj=;+=@)^! df
;xsf/L ljefusf] k'g;+/rgf eP kl5 kf+r ljsf; If]qdf ;xsf/L
k|lzIf0f tyf l8lehg sfof{nosf] :yfkgf eP kl5 tfnLd sfo{s|dnfO{
lgIfk0f u/L If]qLo txdf lj:tf/ ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{nox¿af6 klg ;xsf/L lzIff / tfnLdsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng
e}/x]sf 5g\ .
1=
p2]Zo M
;xsf/L tfnLdsf] k|d'v p2]Zo ;xsf/L lzIff / k|lzIf0fsf]
dfWodaf6 ;xsf/Ldf ;+nUg hgzlQm tyf ;xsf/LsdL{x¿sf] Ifdtf
ljsf; ug"{ xf] . ;xsf/L If]qdf ;+nUg /x]sf kbflwsf/Lx¿, Joj:yfks
/ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;Lk, 1fg / Jojxf/df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g Nofpg
tflnd / cg';Gwfg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug'{ tfnLd s]Gb|x¿sf] sfd xf] .
o;sf cltl/Qm tfnLd s]Gb|sf p2]Zox¿ b]xfo jdf]lhd 5g\ M
s_ ;xsf/Lsf k|rlnt l;4fGt / d"Nox¿sf] cg';/0f u/L ;xsf/L
;'zf;g sfod ug]{ .
v_ ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L Pj+ ;b:ox¿df Joj;flos
;f]rsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
u_ ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfdf ;+nUg kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] Joj:yfksLo
Ifdtfdf clea[l4 ug]{ .
2=
113
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
3_ ;xsf/L lzIffsf] dfWoaf6 ;xsf/Lsf ;j{dfGo l;4fGt, d"No,
:jLs[t gLlt nufot sfd ;+3 ;+:yfsf] sfd st{Jo / sfo{If]qsf]
jf/]df ;r]ttf hufO{ ;f]xL cg';f/ ;+:yf ;+rfng ug{ pTk|]l/t
ug]{ .
3=







4=







gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
ljleGg txsf] tfnLdsf] nflu kf7\os|d tyf kf7\o ;fdfu|Lx¿
lgdf{0f ug]{ .
;xsf/L Joj;fodf ;+nUg /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L tyf
Joj:yfksx¿nfO{ tflnd k|bfg ug]{ .
;xsf/L cfGbf]ngdf nfu]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;b:ox¿nfO{
;}4flGts tflnd ;+rfng ug]{,
lhNnf txdf ;+rfng x"g] cfwf/e't tflndx¿nfO{ k|efjsf/L /
k|lzIFffyL{ s]Gb|Lt jgfpg tflnd ;fdfu|L tof/ ug]{ .
ljleGg ;d'xx¿nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf ;+ul7t u/L Joj;flos s[ofsnfkdf
;+nUg x"g ;xsf/L lzIff ;DjGwL tflnd ;+rfng ug]{ .
tflnd / cg';Gwfgdf bIftf Nofpg s]Gb|, If]q / lhNnf:t/sf
k|lzIfs tyf clws[tx¿nfO{ tflnd k|bfg ug{ .
:yfgLo:t/sf lzlIft ;xsf/LsdL{x¿ / ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfdf ;+nUg
hgzlQmnfO{ ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg ;DjGwL k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd
;+rfng u/L :yfgLo:t/df ;xsf/L ;DjGwL bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg ug]{ .
xfn;Dd ;+rflnt tflndx¿
;xsf/L ;r]tgf,
k'j{ ;xsf/L lzIff,
;xsf/L cled'lvs/0f,
cfwf/e't ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg tfnLd,
;xsf/L Joj;fo tyf jhf/ k|j4{g tfnLd,
cfwf/e't ;xsf/L n]vfkfng tfnLd,
ljifout ;xsf/L clej[l4 tfnLd,
114
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg









Joj;foLs g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd,
/0fgLlts of]hgf th"{df tflnd,
Joj:yfkg ;Lk ljsf; tflnd,
;xeflutfTds Joj:yfkg tfnLd
;xeflutfTds n]vfkfng tflnd,
;xsf/L ljsf;sf nflu cGt/ ;DjlGwt ;jfnx¿,
k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f -clws[t sd{rf/L, ;xfos sd{rf/L / ;xsf/LsdL{x¿_
;+:yfut Ifdtf ljsf; tfnLd
clen]v Aoj:yfkg tfnLd
5=
tflnd ;+rfngsf ;sf/fTds kIfx¿ M
Aoj;flos pBdlzntfsf] ljsf;
;xsf/L d"No dfGotf Pj+ l;4fGt k|ltsf] ;r]tggfdf a[l4 .
;+:yfut ;'zf;g / Ifdtf ljsf;,
g]t[Tj ljsf; / nlIft ;d'bfosf] kx'+rdf a[l4,
ef}uf]lns If]q tyf ;+efjgfsf] cfwf/df Aoj;fo ljljlws/0f,
Aoj;fo klxrfg, 5gf}6, ;+rfng / ljZn]if0f ug]{ Ifdtfsf] ljsf;,
;xsf/L If]qaf6 b]zsf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] of]ubfgdf
qmdzM a[l4 ePsf],
lk5l8Psf] ju{, If]q / ;d'bfodf ;xsf/Lsf] pkl:ylt tyf ;fdflhs
;zlQms/0fdf of]ubfg
;xsf/L If]qdf nlIft ju{sf] ;xeflutf a9]sf] ,
;b:ox¿df tfnLd / lzIff
Aoj;fo ;kmtfsf] d'n dGq xf] eGg] j'emfO{ / sf]if kl/rfng .
:yfgLo:t/df k|lzIfssf] pknAwtf,
n]vfkfng / cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/,
1=
2=
3=
4=
5=
6=
7=
8=
9=
10=
11=
12=
13=
^= tfnLdsf r'gf}lt÷;d:ofx¿ M
1= k'/fgf] kf7\o;fdfu|Lsf] k|of]u .
2= tfnLd k|fKt bIf k|lzIfssf] cefj .
3= k|lzIffyL{x¿sf] nflu b}lgs ;+rfng vr{ Go"g x'g' .
115
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
4=
5=
6=
7=
8=
9=
10=
11=
ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf k|lzIf0f ;fdfu|Lx¿sf] cefj
tfnLd Aojxfl/s eGbf j9L ;}bflGts x'g' .
tfnLd sfo{qmddf Aoj;flos lzksf] cefj .
k|lzIfsx¿nfO{ pTk|]/0ffsf] cefj .
tfnLdsf] cfjZostf klxrfg .
k|lzIffyL{ 5gf}6 .
dfu cg'¿k tfnLdsf] ck{oKttf
Supply Driven tfnLd sfo{qmd ;+rfng
&= ;'wf/ ug'{ kg]{ kIfx¿ M
1= tfnLdsf] kf7\oqmddf ;'wf/ u/L ;d ;fdlos / :t/Lo agfpg'
kg]{ .
2= tfnLd sfo{qmddf gofF k|ljlw / ;'rgf tyf ;+rf/ If]qsf] lj:tf/ /
kx'Fr j9fpg' kg]{ .
3= tfnLdsf] kx'+r ;j} If]qdf k'Ug g;s]sf]n] tfnLd sfo{qmdnfO{
:yfgLo txdf lgIf]k0f ug'{ kg]{ .
4= cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg k4ltnfO{ Aojxfl/s ¿kdf nfu' ug{' kg]{ .
5= k|lzIfssf] ljlzli6s/0f u/L lzk ljsf; / Aoj;flos k|s[ltsf]
tfnLddf hf]8 lbg' kg]{ .
6= k|lzIfsx¿sf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf] nflu lgoldt tfnLd, cg';Gwfg,
cWoog e|d0f / cGt/f{li6«o k|lzIf0fsf] cj;/ lbg' kg]{ .
7= cfly{s >f]t ;fwgsf] kof{Kt Aoj:yf u/L tfnLd sfo{qmdnfO{ yk
cfsif{s jgfpg' kg]{ .
8= tfnLddf :ynutcWoog÷cjnf]sg e|d0f / cg';Gwfg sfo{qmd
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ . .
9= s]Gb|Lo :t/df k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f, cg';Gwfg / Ifdtf clej[l4
;DjGwL ljifonfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{ .
10= k|lzIf0fsf] nflu cfjZos ef}lts ;fwgx¿ tyf ;xefuL e|d0fsf]
nflu oftfoftsf] ;fwg pknAw x'g' kg]{ .
11= tfnLdsf] nfut k|efjsf/Ltfsf] cWoog, dfkg ug'{ kg]{ . dfusf]
cfwf/df tfnLd ;+rfng / nfut ;xeflutf j9fpg' kg]{ .
116
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
3_ ;xsf/L k;n ;+rfngsf] l:ylt, ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf
pkfox¿ M
lji0f' k|;fb l3ld/]
al/i7 s[lif cy{lj1
k[i7e'dL M
cf}Bf]lus qmflGtaf6 ;[hgf ePsf] k|lts'n l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug{
@* hgf dhb'/x¿ ldln ;j{k|yd !*$$ cS6f]j/ @$ df j]nfotsf]
/f]r8]n eGg] :yfgdf pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L k;n :yfkgf / ;+rfng ug]{
sfd z"? eof] . g]kfndf ;xsf/L ljefusf] :yfkgf @)!) ;fndf ePsf]
lyof] . ;j{k|yd @)!# ;fn r}q @) ut] ;/sf/sf] sfo{sf/L cfb]zdf
lrtjg lhNnf cGt/ut avfg ax'p4]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf nufot @)
j6f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] u7g ug]{ sfd ePsf] lyof] . lj=;+=@)!#
;fnjf6 cfjlws of]hgfsf] z'? ePsf] lyof] . k|yd of]hgf cjlwdf
d'n'se/ $%) ;xsf/L ;+:yf u7g ug]{ nIo lgwf{/0f ul/of] . ;xsf/L
P]g @)!^ nfu' eP kl5 ;/sf/L lgb]{zg / lgoGq0fdf ;femf÷;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿jf6 l;ldt dfqfdf pkef]Uo ;fdfu|Lx¿–g"g, lrgL, ;fa'g,
dl§t]n cflbsf] ;fy} s[lif pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lx¿– /f;folgs dn, pGgt
aLp, ls6gfzs ljiffbL, s[lif cf}hf/ cflbsf] ljls| ljt/0f x'b} cfPsf]
kfO{G5 . ;xsf/L l;4fGt tyf d"No ljkl/t /fHosf] lgb]{zg / lgoGq0fdf
vf]lnPsf clwsf+z cfk"lt{d'lv ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ sfnGt/df c;kmn x'b}
uPsf] b]lvG5 . g]kfndf @)$* kl5 cGt//fli6|o ;xsf/L l;4fGt
adf]lhd ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ :jfoQtf / :jtGqtf k"j{s ;+ul7t eO{
pBd ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg] ePsf 5g . o;} kl/k|]Iodf cf=j= @)^%.)^^ sf]
jh]6 jQmJodf ;fj{hlgs ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ Aojl:yt ug{ g]kfn
;/sf/n] pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L k;n ;+rfng ug{ k|To]s uf=lj=;=df
Ps÷Ps j6f / gu/kflnsf If]qdf k|lt #) xhf/ hg;+Vofsf] jLrdf
Ps÷Ps j6f u/L $))) j6f ;'ky d"Nosf] pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L k;n
;+rfng ug]{ / To:tf ;xsf/L k;n ;+rfngsf nflu /fHosf] tkm{jf6 ?
! nfvsf b/n] cg'bfg ;d]t pknAw u/fpg] u/L ljz]if cleofgsf]
¿kdf ;xsf/L k;n ;+rfng ug]{ u/L ? $) s/f]8 jh]6 ;d]t
ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm ;xsf/L k;nsf] d'Vo p2]Zo cfˆgf
117
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;b:ox¿ nufot ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sx¿nfO{ cTofjZos b}lgs pkef]Uo
j:t'x¿ ;/n, ;'ne, ;xh Pj+ ;'ky d"Nodf u'0f:t/Lo j:t' pknAw
u/fO{ ljrf}lnofx¿sf] sfnf]ahf/L tyf cToflws d'gfkmfaf6 x'g]
zf]if0fjf6 d'lQm lbnfO{g' /x]sf] lyof] .
cf=j= @)^%.^^ sf] jh]6 jQmJodf pNn]v eP cg';f/ k|To]s
uf=lj=;=df Ps÷Ps j6f / gu/kflnsf If]qdf #) xhf/ hg;+Vofsf]
jLrdf !.! j6f u/L $))) k;n vf]Ng] nIo /x]sf]df cf=j= )^%.^^
sf] cfiff9 d;fGt ;Dd #@^) j6f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿nfo{ ;'ky d"Nosf
;xsf/L k;n ;+rfngsf nflu /fHosf] tkm{jf6 ? #@ s/f]8 ^) nfv
cg'bfg ljt/0f eof] . ;f] sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] p2]Zon] cf=j=
@)^^÷^& df yk ;'ky d"Nosf ;xsf/L k;n ;+rfngsf nflu ? #)
s/f]8 $) nfv jh]6 ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] lyof] . s]xL lhNnfsf s]xL
:yfgx¿df ;xsf/L k;n ;+rfng x'g g;s]sf]] sf/0fn] ubf{ cl3Nnf]
cf=j=df ;'ky d"No ;xsf/L k;n gv'n]sf uf=lj=;= / g=kf=df k;n
vf]Ngsf] nflu ? * s/f]8 /sd dfq lgsf;f ePsf]n] ;f]xL cg';f/
k|:tfj cfJxfg u/]sf]df #!) k|:tfj k|fKt ePsf lyP . h; cg';f/
pQm cf=j=df ?= # s/f]8 !) nfv cg'bfg ljt/0f ePsf] lyof] . b'a}
cf=j= df u/L hDdf s"n #%&) ;+:yfx¿df cg'bfg ljt/0f ePsf]df *
j6f ;+:yfx¿n] cg'bfg lkmtf{ u/]sf]n] cf=j= @)^&÷^* sf] cGTo;Dd
;'ky d'No ;xsf/L k;nsf] oyfy{ l:ylt b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
118
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;'ky d"No ;xsf/L k;n ;DjGwL ljj/0f
lhNnf
qm=;+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
tfKn]h'+u
k+fry/
Onfd
emfkf
t]x|y'd
ef]hk'/
;+v'jf;ef
wgs'^Ff
;'g;/L
df]/+u
cf]vn('+uf
;f]n'v'Da'
vf]^+Ffu
pbok'/
l;/xf
;Kt/L
bf]nvf
/fd]%fk
l;Gw'nL
;nf{xL
dxf]Q/L
wg'iff
eQmk'/
nlntk'/
g=kf=
;+Vof
1
3
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
uf=lj=;= ;+Vof
cf=j= 2065÷66df uf=lj=;= tkm{
%gf}^ ePsf ;+Vof
50
41
48
47
32
63
33
35
49
65
56
34
76
44
106
114
51
55
53
99
76
101
16
41
50
37
43
47
18
38
33
35
27
38
31
10
52
35
51
80
50
54
39
80
74
96
14
35
cf=j= 2065÷66df g=kf=tkm{ k;n
%gf}^ ;+Vof,
1
5
cf=j= 2066÷67 yk %gf}^
ePsf] k;n ;+Vof
3
4
1
1
2
6
119
7
14
6
1
2
3
2
1
6
20
34
1
1
1
3
5
6
2
12
2
5
3
uf=lj=;÷g=kf= tkm{ %gf}^ s'n
k;n;+Vof,
50
37
47
52
18
42
34
36
36
58
37
11
52
43
74
116
51
54
42
93
77
104
19
44
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
sf&df)*f}+
sfe|]
l;Gw'kfNrf]s
wflb+u
g'jfsf]^
/;'jf
lrtjg
dsjfgk'/
k;f{
af/f
/f}tx^
tgx+'
ndh'+u
uf]/vf
:of~hf
sf:sL
dgfFu
¿kGb]xL
slknj:t'
gjnk/f;L
c#f{vf+rL
u'NdL
kfNkf
d':t+Ffu
DofUbL
kj{t
afUn'+u
Ko'&fg
2
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
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57
87
79
50
61
18
36
43
82
98
96
46
61
66
60
43
12
69
77
73
42
79
65
16
40
55
59
49
28
75
79
50
50
16
29
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26
96
30
49
62
47
33
0
49
61
68
23
69
61
7
36
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44
12
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22
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8
6
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7
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15
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120
6
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76
67
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jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
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/f]Nkf
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a+Ffs]
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aem+Ffu
c%fd
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afh'/f
bfr'{nf
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3562
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf b]vf k/]sf ;d:ofx¿ M
b]zsf ;j} :yfgdf Ps} k6s k"j{ t}of/L ljgf $))) j6f ;'ky
d"Nosf ;xsf/L k;n :yfkgf u/L ;+rfng ug'{ lgZro klg 7'nf] r'gf}lt
/x]sf] / cleofgsf] ¿kdf :yfkgf ul/Ptfklg o;sf] ;+rfngdf
lgDgfg';f/sf ;d:ofx¿ /x]sf] b]lvG5 M
cfk"lt{sf] ;d:of M b]ze/ :yfkgf ePsf ;'ky d'Nosf ;xsf/L
k;nsf] nflu rflxg] b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t'x¿sf] cfk"lt{df 7'nf]
;d:of b]vf k¥of] . Psflt/ b}lgs pkef]Uo / cTofjZos j:t'x¿
cfk"lt{ ug]{ lgsfox¿ g]kfn vfB ;+:yfg, ;fN6 6]«l8ª ln=, g]zgn
6]«l8ª ln=, g]kfn cfon lgud ln= nufotsf ;fj{hlgs
;+:yfgx¿jf6 k;nsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fdu|L cfk"lt{ ug]{ Ifdtf
b]lvPg . pQm lgsfox¿ jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno cGt{ut kg]{
ePsf]n] s]xL k|s[ofut sl7gfO{ / ;dGjosf] cefjn] klg pknAw
ePsf] ;fdu|L klg ;f] k;n dfkm{t ljlqm ljt/0f ug{ g;lsPsf]
sf/0f lghL Aofkfl/af6} ;fdfg vl/b u/L lghL Aofkfl/x¿ ;Fu
k|lt:kwf{ ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf pTkGg eof] . ;xsf/L k;njf6 ;'ky
d"Nodf pkef]Uo ;fdfu|Lx¿ ljlqm ljt/0f ug]{ sfd c;Dej x'g
k'Uof] . s[lif dGqfno cGt{ut /x]sf] s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgLn] ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t ;fdfg ljlqm ug]{ gLlt Nofpg g;s]sf] sf/0fn] klg
;d:of cPsf] kfO{of] .
;xsf/L lzIff / ;r]tgfsf] ;d:of M k"j{ t}of/L ljgf cleofgsf]
¿kdf pQm sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf ePsf]n] ;+rfns
;b:ox¿df ;xsf/L lzIff,+ 1fg / cg'ejsf] cefj b]lvof] .+
Aoj;flos Pj+ Aofkfl/s sf/f]jf/ ;DjGwL tfnLd / Aojxfl/s
1fgsf] sf/0f klg pQm ;+:yfx¿ ;+rfngdf sl7gfO{ e}/x]sf] /
Aoj;flos 9Fun] ;+rfng x'g sl7gfO{ eof]. ;xsf/L If]qdf cg'bfg
ljt/0fsf] sf/0f k'/fgf] ;femf ;+:yf h:tf] cj:yf t bf]xf]l/g] kf]
xf]ls eGg] l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] 5 .
 cg'udg / d"NofÍg ;DjGwL ;d:of M ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] cg'udg /
d"NofÍgdf :j–lgoGq0f sfod ug{ ;b:o Pj+ ;+rfnsx¿df ;xsf/L
lzIffsf] cefjsf sf/0f klg ;d:of /x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{ lt/ #* j6f
lhNnfdf dfq l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no x'g', To;df klg kof{Kt /
122
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
bIf sd{rf/L gx'g' / ;f]sf] cg'udg d"NofÍgsf] nflu jh]6
ljlgof]hg gul/g', lhNnf :t/df k;n cg'udgsf] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf]
;ldltnfO{ ;f] sfd ug{ jh]6 / lgb]{zg gx'g' / ;do ;d]t gx'g]
cj:yfn] yk hl6ntf /x]sf] 5 .
 ;xsf/L k;n k|lt lghL Aofkf/Lsf] c;xof]u M lgZro klg ;'ky
d"Nosf pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L k;nsf] d'Vo p2]Zog} cfˆgf
pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ Aofkf/Lx¿sf] rsf]{ d'gfkmfvf]/Laf6 jrfO{ sd gfkmf
lnO{ ;'ky d"Nodf pknAw u/fpg] sfo{af6 zx/÷ufFpdf Aofkf/
ul//x]sf] Aofkf/Lx¿nfO{ c;/ k/]sf] sf/0f sltko 7fFpdf
Aofkf/Lx¿n] ;+ul7t eO{ ;xsf/L k;n eGbf ;:tf] d"Nodf ljlqm
u/]/ eP klg pQm k;nnfO{ c;kmn kfg]{ k|oTg u/]sf] kfO{of] .
Psflt/ ;xsf/L ;+:yfgaf6 kof{Kt ;fdu|L gkfO{ lghL Aofkf/Laf6
vl/b u/L Aofkf/L ;Fu} k|lt:kwf{ u/L ljlqm ug{ sl7gfO{ kl//x]sf] 5 .
;'emfjx¿ M
 b]ze/ cleofgsf] ¿kdf ;+rfng ul/Psf] ;'ky d"No pkef]Qmf
;xsf/L k;nnfO{ ;'9[9 Pj+ lbuf]kgsf nflu lgDgfg';f/sf]
;'emfjx¿ k|:t't u/]sf] 5 .
 cfk"lt{sf] kof{Kt Pj+ ;xh Aoj:yf o; ;DjGwdf b]ze/sf ;j}
;'ky d"Nosf ;xsf/L pkef]Qmf k;nx¿sf]nflu rflxg] sDtLdf
b}lgs pkef]Uosf cTofjZos j:t'x¿ ls6fg u/L hg;+Vofsf
cfwf/df /f;g sf8{ ;d]tsf] Joj:yf u/L cfjZostfg';f/sf]
;fdfu|L ;'ky d"Nodf pknAw u/fpg] Aoj:yf ;/sf/n] ug'{ kb{5 .
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t pTkflbt ;dfu|Lx¿ ;d]t pkef]Qmf
;xsf/L k;n dfkm{t ljlqm x'g] Aoj:yf ldnfpg' kb{5 .
 b]ze/ :yfkgf ul/;s]sf ;'ky d"Nosf ;xsf/L k;nsf] k|efjsf/L
9+un] cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg u/L /sd lxgfldgf ug]{nfO{ b08 /
/fd|f] ug]{nfO{ yk cg'bfg lbg] -k'/:sf/ :j¿k_ Aofj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .
 ;'ky d"Nosf k;n gv'n]sf uf=lj=;=x¿df qmdzM vf]Nb} hfg] gLlt
cfufdL jif{ klg /flvg' k5{ .
 lhNnfdf pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3 jf lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3nfO{ lhNnf
e/sf] cfk"lt{ Aoj:yf ldnfpg] Aoj:yf ul/g' k5{ . o;sf] nflu
123
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;/sf/L / ;xsf/L lgsfo ;d]t ;+nUg /x]sf] ;+oGq lgdf0f{ ul/g'
kb{5 . o:tf ;+3nfO{ 9'jfgL ug]{ ;fwg 6«s lks ck vl/bdf eG;f/
5'6sf ;fy} uf]bfd 3/sf] Aoj:yf ;d]t ug'{sf ;fy} o:tf
;+3x¿nfO{ cfjZostfg';f/ cg'bfg Pj++ C0f pknAw u/fpg]
Aoj:yf ;d]t ldnfpg' kb{5 .
 u7g e};s]sf] ;'ky d"Nosf ;xsf/L k;nsf ;+rfns Pj+
;b:ox¿sf] nflu pkef]Qmf hfu/0f lzIff ;xsf/L Aoj:yfkg tyf
n]vfkfng tfnLdsf] Aoj:yf ul/g' kb{5 . o;sf] nflu To:tf
k;nx¿sf] nflu ;xsf/L lzIff tfnLdsf] 5'6} Pj+ ljz]if Aoj:yf
ul/g' kb{5 . ;'ky d"Nosf ;xsf/L k;n cg'bfg d"NofÍgsf nflu
;f] sfo{sf] nflu 5'6} jh]6sf] Aoj:yf ul/g' kb{5 . o;sf] &% j6}
lhNnfdf ;xsf/L sfof{nosf] :yfkgf ug{sf] ;fy} ;f] sfo{sf] nflu
hgzlQm >f]t ;fwgsf] Aoj:yf ul/g' kb{5 .
124
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
ª_ ;xsf/L Aoj;fo k|j4{g Ps lja]rgf
s]bf/ Gof}kfg]
/lhi6|f/
JolQmx¿ jLrsf] ;xsfo{jf6 ;xsf/L k|0ffnLsf] hGd x'G5 .
AolQmx¿ ldn]/ cfkm"x¿;+u ePsf] ;fwg >f]t ;+sng / kl/rfng u/L
;fd'lxs ¿kdf Aoj;fo ug]{ dfWod xf] ;xsf/L . Ps tkm{ ;xsf/L
cfly{s ;fdflhs k|0ffnL xf] eg] csf{] tkm{ of] ;fd'lxs :jfldTjdf
;+rflnt pBd xf] . of] pBd ;b:ox¿ 4f/f ;+rflnt / lgolGqt x'G5 .
jblnbf] ljZj kl/j]z cg';f/ h;/L cfh dflg; Ps ;fdflhs k|fl0f dfq
g/x]/ cfly{s k|fl0f aGg k'u]sf] 5 To;} u/L ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ klg
;fdflhs ;+:yf dfq g/x]/ cfly{s ;+:yf ;d]t aGg k'u]sf 5g . To;}n]
;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ Pp6f pBd÷Aoj;fosf] ¿kdf kl/eflift ug{ yflnPsf]
5 . x/]s pBd Aoj;fo k|ltkmn k|flKtsf] nflu ;+rfng ul/Psf] x'G5 .
Aoj;fo leq ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj ;lxtsf cfly{s ls|ofsnfkx¿
;+rfng ul/Psf x'G5g . Aoj;fodf a:t' / ;]jfsf] pTkfbgsf] ;fy}
ljlgdo dfkm{t :jldTj x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] x'G5 . Aoj;fo ;+rfngdf
nufgLsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . nufgL ug{ artsf] cfjZostf kb{5 .
artstf{ jf nufgLstf{x¿n] k|ltkmnsf nflu sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng u/]sf
x'G5g . pgLx¿n] sf/f]jf/df of]ubfg u/]sf] cfwf/df ljQLo k|ltkmnsf]
¿kdf d'gfkmf / ;fdflhs k|ltkmnsf] ¿kdf ;fdflhs z'/Iff, lzIff,
;"rgf, ckgTj / :g]x k|fKt u/]sf x'G5g .
g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;sf] nflu Aoj;fo k|j4{gsf]
gLlt lnPsf] 5 . x/]s ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ Ao;flos ¿kdf cufl8 a9fpg]
/ To; dfkm{t cfo ch{g / /f]huf/L a[l4 u/L ;b:ox:sf] hLjg:t/df
;'wf/ Nofpg] ;/sf/L gLlt /x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Ltfsf] ljsf;nfO{ lbuf]
jgfpg ;+:yfx¿nfO{ Aoj;flos jgfpg' kb{5 . ;b:ox¿af6 cfkm\gf]
Ifdtf cg';f/ ;xsf/Lsf] z]o/ vl/baf6 k'FhL ;+sng u/L pTkfbg /
jhfl/s/0f sfo{df nufgL ug'{ kb{5 . ;xsf/L Aoj;fodf w]/} AolQmx¿sf]
;fd'lxs nufgL ePsf] x'G5 . z]o/ nufgL u/L ;b:otf lnO{ ;s] kl5
k|To]s ;b:o ;+:yfsf] b}lgs sf/f]jf/df ;+nUg x'g' kb{5 . ;xsf/L
;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿n] nufgL cg';f/sf] k|ltkmnsf] ;fy} cfO{ kg]{
hf]lvdx¿sf] ;fdgf ;d]t cfkm}+ ug'{ kb{5 .
125
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;xsf/L Aoj;fodf nufgLstf{, ;+rfns, pTkfbs, ljt/s,
cfk"lt{stf{, pkef]Qmf / dflns klg ;b:ox¿ x'g] x'Fbf ;xsf/L
Aoj;fodf lgoGq0f / /]vn]vsf] lhDdf klg pgLx¿sf] g} x'G5 . ;xsf/L
Pp6f ;b:o lgolGqt Aoj;fo xf] . ;xsf/L Aoj;fon] pTkfbg ug]{ j:t'
/ ;]jfn] cGo lghL If]qsf] pTkfbg / jhf/ ;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .
;dfhdf cfjZos j:t' / ;]jfsf] lg/Gt/ cfk"lt{ ug]{ ;Gbe{df lghL
If]qn] cltl/Qm d'gfkmfsf] nflu s[ltd cefjsf] ;[hgf u/L d'No j[l4
u/]sf] jf sfnf]jhf/L u/]sf] kfO{G5 . s[ltd cefj / sfnf]jhf/LnfO{
xtf]T;flx ug{ / pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ u'0ffTds j:t'÷;]jf plrt =d"Nodf
cfk"lt{ ug{ ;xsf/L Aoj;fosf] cToGt dxTjk"0f{ e'ldsf /x]sf] x'G5 .
Aoj;flos sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng u/L ;dfhdf /f]huf/L ;[hgf ug{ ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿sf] of]ubfg dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . ljZjdf cfh ;xsf/L Aoj;fox¿n]
ax'/fli6«o sDkgL eGbf @) k|ltzt j9L /f]huf/L ;[hgf u/]sf 5g\ .
ljZjdf ;xsf/L Aoj;fo j[l4b/ !$Ü /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . ;xsf/L
cGt{ut ljleGg Aoj;fox¿ ;+rfng ePsf 5g\ . vf;u/L ljQ
Aoj;fodf hd{gL / k|mfG;sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ cu|:yfgdf /x]sf 5g\ .
ljZjdf s[lif Aoj;fo ;Fu ;DjlGwt pTkfbg d'ns ;xsf/Lsf] ;+Vof
cToflws /x]sf] 5 . hfkfg, sf]/Lof, ef/tdf s[lif ;xsf/L Aoj;fosf]
/fd|f] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . l5d]ls d'n's ef/tdf b'Uw ;xsf/Lsf] gd'gfsf]
¿kdf cd'n tyf lqd'n /x]sf 5g\ eg] /f;folgs dn pTkfbgdf
IFFOC n] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg lnPsf] 5 . To;} u/L ef/tsf] lrgL
pTkfbgdf ;xsf/Lsf] of]ubfg sl/j ^)Ü /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . pNn]lvt
;xsf/L Aoj;foaf6 :yfgLo txdf /fd|f] cfo cfh{g / /f]huf/Lsf] ;[hgf
ePsf] 5 .
g]kfndf ljQLo ;xsf/Lsf] ;+Vof cToflws /x]sf]5 . h'g;'s}
ju{sf] ;xsf/L ;+:yf ePtf klg cfkm\gf ;b:ox¿ jLr art tyf
C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng ePsf 5g\ . s[lif k]zf ;Fu ;FjlGwt s[lif,
t/sf/L kmnkm'n, h'gf/, slkm, lrof, dx, pv', hl8j'6L, b'Uw cflbdf klg
Aoj;flos pTkfbg eGbf art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ tkm{ ;+:yfx¿ j9L
pT;flxt /x]sf 5g\ . Tof] k|j[ltdf kl/jt{g u/L Aoj;flos pTkfbg,
k|zf]wg / jhfl/s/0f tkm{ ;DjlGwt If]qsf] Wofg hfg" h?/L 5 . g]kfn
;/sf/n] P3f/f}+ cfjlws of]hgf -)^$.^%–)^^.^&_ b]lv Aoj;fo
126
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
k|j4{gsf] nflu pTkfbg d'ns ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿n] ;+rfng ug]{
Aoj;fox¿df d]lzg/L cf}hf/ nufotsf] k'FhLut vr{df %)Ü ;Dd
cg'bfg lbg] gLlt lnPsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C0f ;xof]udf dWo
klZrdf~rn If]qsf] sf]xnk'/ jfFs]df #))) d]=6g Ifdtfsf] zLt3/
lgdf{0f eO{ ;+rfngdf /x]sf] 5 eg] klZrdf~rnsf] :of+hf /
dWofdf~rnsf] lrtjgdf ;/sf/ ;xsf/L ;xsfo{df zLt3/ lgdf{0fsf
sfd z'? ePsf] cj:yf 5 .
g]kfn cfhklg Pp6f s[lif k|wfg d'n'ssf] cj:yfdf u'h|b} cfPsf]
5 . o; If]qn] sl/j ^& k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ /f]huf/L k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf]
5 . /f]huf/Lsf] nflu pTkfbglzn o'jf hgzlQm ljb]z knfog ePsf] sf/0f
u|fdL0f If]qdf s[lif Aoj;fo k|lt c¿lr b]lvPtf klg zx/L If]q;Fu hf]l8Psf
c;kf;sf If]qx¿df s[lifsf] Aoj;flos pTkfbg z'? ePsf] cj:yf 5 .
g]kfndf &% k|ltzt eGbf j9L kl/jf/;Fu ! x]S6/ eGbf sd hldg ePsf]
sf/0f s[lif If]qdf olGqs/0f / Aoj;flos/0fsf] sfo{ sl7g b]lvG5 . o;
kl/k|]Iodf ;xsf/L v]tL tyf pTkfbg k|0ffnL Pp6f /fd|f] ljsNk x'g ;Qm5 .
hldg gx'g]x¿n] klg ;xsf/Ldf ;+ul7t eO{ ;xsf/L pTkfbg k|0ffnLdf
;+nUg x'g ;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f u/L lglZrt ;dosf] nflu hUuf
lnhdf lnP/ Aoj;flos pTkfbg ug{ k|f]T;fxg k|bfg ug'{ kb{5 .
jt{dfg cj:yfdf ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodaf6 C0f k|fKt u/L s[ifs
;b:ox¿n] s]xL dfqfdf Aoj;flos pTkfbg z'? u/]sf 5g\ . t/ 7'nf]
k}dfgfdf pTkfbg k|zf]wg ug{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿af6 g} kxn x'g' kg]{
b]lvG5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu ;xsf/Ldf ;+ul7t ls;fgx¿n] l;Gw'nL /
/fd]5fk lhNnfdf h'gf/ v]tLsf] /fd|f] pTkfbg u/]sf / ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]
kxndf tfhf h'gf/ ljlqm ljt/0f ePsf] 5 . d'n'ssf] dfunfO{ b[i6Lut
ub{f ;xsf/L ;+:yfåf/f h'gf/ k|zf]wg u/L h'; pTkfbg ePdf To;sf]
jhf/Ls/0f ;xh x'g'sf] ;fy} nfdf] ;do ;Dd h'; ;'/lIft ¿kdf
e08f/0f ug{ ;lsg] / d"No clea[l4 x'g] x'Fbf Aoj;flos ¿kdf pTkfbg /
k|zf]wg tkm{ hfg' kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvG5 .
t/fO{ If]qdf pv' pTkfbs ls;fgx¿ ;+ul7t eO{ ;xsf/L ;+:yf
lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ Aoj;flos pTkfbg tkm{ cfslif{t ug{
;+:yfx¿sf] kxndf k|zf]wg pBf]usf] :yfkgf ug'{ cfjZos 5 . dx
pTkfbs ls;fgx¿nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf ;+ul7t u/L dx ;+sng / k|zf]wgsf]
127
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;fy} KoflsË, j|fl08ª / n]jlnªsf] sfd Ps} ;fy cuf8L j9fO{ :yfgLo
pTkfbgnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o jhf/ ;Dd k'¥ofpg' kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . To;}u/L
sl/j !*)) sf] ;+Vofdf 5l/P/ /x]sf] b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf]
k|ofzdf :yfgLo :t/df b'Uw k|zf]wg s]Gb| :yfkgf / ;+rfng u/L
kz'kfng Aoj;fonfO{ ;'/Iffsf] ;fy} cfsif{0f ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf 5 .
t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n v]tLsf] Aoj;flos/0f / jhf/Ls/0fsf] nflu
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿n] Aoj;flos pTkfbg ug'{sf] ;fy} jftfg's'lnt÷k|mf]]h]g
6«ssf] dfWodaf6 jhf/ ;Dd 9'jfgL ug'{sf] ;fy} jhf/ If]qdf jftfs's'lnt÷
k|mf]h]g t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n jhf/sf] :yfkgf / ;+rfng ug]{ tkm{ dxn ug'{
kb{5 . To;}u/L ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodaf6 hl8j'6L v]tL tyf ;+sng ug'{sf]
;fy} hl8j'6L k|zf]wg sf/vfgf :yfkgf u/L d"No clej[l4 ug'{ kb{5 .
ljut s]xL jif{ b]lv pRr d"Nosf s[lif pkhx¿ h:t} lrof,
slkm, cn}rL, cb'jf, nK;L, ;'kf/L, h'gf/ cflbsf] k|zf]wg pBf]u :yfkgf
/ ;+rfng ug{ rfxg] ;xsf/LnfO{ k'FhLut cg'bfg lbg] sfd x'b} cfPsf]
5 . cf=j= )^*.^( df emfkf lhNnfsf] k[YjLgu/df ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L
;+:yf / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nfutdf lrof sf/vfgf :yfkgf ePsf] 5 . To;
If]qsf s[ifsx¿n] pTkfbg u/]sf] xl/of] kQL lghL Aofkfl/x¿nfO{ cToGt
Go"g d'No lbg' kg]{ cj:yfsf] cGTo ePsf] 5 . ljut $ jif{ otf g]kfn
;/sf/n] ;xsf/L pBf]u Aoj;fo k|j4{gsf] nflu lgDgfg';f/sf
pBdx¿df k'FhLut cg'bfg ljt/0f u/]sf] lyof] .
;xsf/L ljefujf6 cg'bfg k|fKt pBd Aoj;fosf] ;+VofTds ljj/0f
qm=;+=
!
@
#
$
$
pBf]usf]
lsl;d
cb'jf
k|zf]wg
lrof
k|zf]wg
dx k|zf]wg
;'kf/L
k|zf]wg
h'gf/
k|zf]wg
ljleGg cf=j= df cg'bfg lng] pBf]usf]
;+VofTds ljj/0f
)^%.^^ )^^.^& )^&.^* )^*.^(
-
3
6
1
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2
4
9
3
7
5
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128
s}lkmot
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
%
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k|zf]wg
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hl8j'6L
k|zf]wg
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k|zf]wg
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k|zf]wg
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;+3sf]
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-
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1
11
17
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-
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1
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2
1
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-
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-
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6
11
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129
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
cf=j= @)^%.)^^ df cg'bfg k|fKt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] gfdfjnL M
qm=;+=
1=
2=
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5=
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7=
8=
9=
10=
11=
12=
13=
14=
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;+:yfsf] gfd 7]ufgf
ufFp;'wf/ b'Uw
;=;=ln=ltgbf]jf6f], :ofª\hf .
u'0f:t/Lo slkm pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, luDbL,
nlntk'/ .
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, ;nfª, wflbË .
slkm ;xs/L ;+:yf ln=,
nlntk'/ .
:jfanDaL art tyf C0f
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= xtkt],
l;Gw'nL .
s[lif hfu/0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
alb{jf;, dxf]Q/L .
nlntk'/ lhNnf b'Uw pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= rfkfufFp,
nlntk'/ .
h'gf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, ltgs'g] .
df}/Lkfng s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= e/tk'/, lrtjg .
l;4gfy b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln= >Lk'/, a]nf/L, s~rgk'/ .
k'g{jf; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
s~rgk'/ .
;fg ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= dgx/L, dsjfgk'/ .
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= b'w/fIf, ¿kGb]xL .
s0ff{nL df}/Lkfng ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= rGbggfy h'Dnf .
nfnk'/ b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= jgs6jf, jfs]+ .
u}/ sfi7 jg >f]t Aofj:yfkg
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf]xnk'/,
jfs]+
pBf]usf]
lsl;d
d]lzg/L
cf}hf/
cg'bfg
b'Uw lr:ofg
@!))))).–
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346250
b'Uw lr:ofg
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hl8j'6L
k|zf]wg
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130
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
17=
18=
19=
20=
j;Gtk'/ b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= ltnsk'/ gjnk/f;L
e'dlx b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= e'dxL, gjnj/f;L .
;fgf s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=dfs/ gjnk/f;L .
cd[t b'Uw ljsf; ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= ;'?Ëf, emfkf
b'Uw lr:ofg
$!&))).–
!)%))).–
b'Uw lr:ofg
!@))))) .–
#))))).–
/fO{; ldn
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b'Uw lr:ofg
!%&!%&) .–
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hDdf
7243000
cf=j= @)^^÷)^& df ;xsf/L ljefuaf6 cg'bfg k|fKt ug]{ pBdx¿sf]
ljj/0f tfnLsf
l;=g++
1=
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;+:yfsf] gfd 7]ufgf
;fgf ls;fg ;=;=ln= ;'8f
s~rgk'/
lzj art C0f ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, alb{of
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, r}gk'/, wflbË
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, Hofd|'s, wflbË
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=,
d}lb, wflbË -cb'jf_
kz'klt b'Uw pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,lgns07,
wflbË
k|oTgzLn hl8a"l6 ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=,lgns07, wflbË
;u/dfyf lrof ljsf;
;xs/L ;+3 ln=, lrnfpg]
%, pbok'/ .
cf?3f6 art tyf C0f
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= cf?3f6,
uf]/vf
pBf]usf]
lsl;d
b'Uw
k|zf]wg
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lhNnf b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L
;+3 ln= uf]/vf
gj hgsNof0f b'Uw pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= lrtjg
h'gf/ s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, /fd]5fk
;dfh ¿kfGt/0f art C0f
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
7"nf]l;?jf/L, l;Gw'kfNrf]s
hghfu[lt b'Uw ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= Zofdf, bf]nvf
jf0fu+uf df}/Lkfng tyf dx
pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
slkna:t'
s[i0f 8]/L b'Uw pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= dxf]Q/L,
;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln= ;Gtk'/, /f}tx6
sgf{nL hl8a'l6 pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sflnsf]6
/~hgL s[lif ax'= ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= ba]{;f
df]/ª
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= emf]/fx6,
df]/ª
/fh3f6 b'Uw pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= df]/ª
k|ultlzn df}/Lkfng
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ba]{;f,
df]/ª
;tf;L dlxnf df}/Lkfng
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
;tf;Lwfd, emfkf
dfªdfn'ª lrof pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= Onfd
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;=;=ln=,
b'Uw
k|zf]wg
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cUof}nL, gjnk/f;L
u}8fsf]6 Plss[t
ax'=;=;=ln=, gjnk/f;L
;'o{d'lv df}/Lkfng ;=;=ln=,
dsf/ gjnk/f;L
8f8fkf/L df]/Lkfng
;=;=ln=, 3lt{5fk sfe]|
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d'nvs{ b'Uw pTkfbs
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ax'=;=;=ln=, b'uf{ejfgL
j}t8L
n]sj]lz s[lif ax'=;=;=ln=,
jn]6S;f/ u'NdL
k|ultlzn df}/Lkfng
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k|zf]wg
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cf=j= @)^&÷)^* df ;xsf/L ljefuaf6 cg'bfg k|fKt ug]{ pBdx¿sf]
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pRr d"Nosf s[lif pkh k|zf]wg pBf]usf] cg'bfgsf] kfKt ;+:yfx¿sf] tflnsf -lrof, slkm, cb'jf, dx, b'Uw, hl*j'^L, tf]/L t]n / wfgrfdn_
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s:t'/L ax'=;=;=ln=, vn+uf 1, hfh/sf]^
dlxnf df}/Lnfkg ;=;=ln=, g]qu+h 7, ;nf{xL
jfj/L df}/Lkfng ;=;=ln=, kf+ry/
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6
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21
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23
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26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
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g]kfn df}/Lkfng s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+# ln=, lrtjg
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u|fdL)f ax'' s[ifs ;=;=ln=, ;'sl^of 7, sfnLsf]^
lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+# ln=, sfnLsf]^
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sGofd lrof pTkfbs ;=;=ln=, sGofd, O{nfd
nfkmf sj'lnolt art tyf C)f ;=;=ln=, bf/]rf]s, lrtjg
lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+# ln=, sf:sL
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19=
20=
tfn]h'Ë lrof pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, lkmlbd, (, kFfry/
dlxnf r]tgf ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, ch'{gwf/f, emfkf
lrof pTkfbs lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,
O{=g=kf=@, O{nfd
;fty'Ds] lrof s[ifs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, Psltg,@, kfFry/
xl/ofnL h}jLs lrof pTkfbs ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, dfO{kf]v/L, !, O{nfd
l;l4y'Dsf lrof pTkfbs ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, l;l4y'Dsf, O{nfd
ltgh'/] lrof s[ifs ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
kmfskmf]s, O{nfd
s]Gb|Lo lrof ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,
O{=g=kf=,@, O{nfd
d]rL ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, bds, !!,
emfkf
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
dfxf/flgemf]8f, emfkf
x+;] b'D;] b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, bds, %, emfkf
bf]d'vf ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
;'?Ëf, emfkf
uf}d'lv ;'kf/L ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
zlgZr/], emfkf
;fdgf ;'kf/L ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
j'wjf/], emfkf
jf0fuFuf ;'kf/L ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
ch'{gwf/f, emfkf
>Ls[i0f ;'kf/L ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
j'wjf/], emfkf
;fgf ls;fg dlxnf s[lif ;=;=ln=,
emfkf
;tf;L dlxnf s[lif ;=;=ln=, emfkf
gf}dlt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, O{Gb|k'/, (, df]/ª
135
lrof k|zf]wg
1000000
vfB k|zf]wg
125000
lrof k|zf]wg
1000000
lrof k|zf]wg
1000000
lrof k|zf]wg
1000000
lrof k|zf]wg
1000000
lrof k|zf]wg
1000000
lrof k|zf]wg
1000000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
;'kf/L k|zf]wg
125000
;'kf/L k|zf]wg
200000
;'kf/L k|zf]wg
125000
;'kf/L k|zf]wg
250000
vfB k|zf]wg
250000
vfB k|zf]wg
150000
gf}dlt jfhf vl/b
280000
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
21=
22=
23=
24=
25=
26=
27=
28=
29=
30=
31=
32=
33=
34=
35=
36=
37=
38=
39=
rt/f ;fd'bflos ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, j/fxIf]q, #, ;'g;/L
sf]zL ax'd'vL b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, bj]{;f, df]/ª
dlxnf ljsf; ax'=;=;=ln=, wgs'6f
k~rsGof ;fgf ls;fg ;=;=ln=,
wgs'6f
ef]n]z+s/ s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
v8sk'/, #, ;Kt/L
lzj dlxnf s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
xskf8f–*, l;/xf
;+/If0f s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
j:tLk'/, l;/xf
ldlynf ufO{ kfng s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, xl/jg, ;nf{xL
cfd|kfnL ax'd'vL ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
vf]l/of,%, ;nf{xL
gj jfDtL e08f/ ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, jfDtL e08f/, /fd]5fk
cfw'lgs s[lif tyf kz' ljsf; ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, ;'/L–%, bf]nvf
h'gf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,
l;Gw'nL
blnt pTyfg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
l;Gw'nL
s] 6]Ds] dlxnf pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, nlntk'/, !$, nlntk'/
l;l4u0f]z dlxnf s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, emf]/dxf+sfn, sf7df08f}+
lrof pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,
v'dn6f/, nlntk'/
/;'jf ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
w'Gr], %, /;'jf
uf];fO{s'08 ax'[p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, sljnf;, g'jfsf]6
dlxnf ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, s]jnk'/, wflbª
136
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
k|hgg s]Gb|
100000
vfB k|zf]wg
85000
lrof k|zf]wg
1000000
t/sf/L v]tL
200000
vfB k|zf]wg
150000
t/sf/L v]tL
200000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
t/sf/L v]tL
200000
cn}rL k|zf]wg
600000
ufO{ kmfd{
200000
h'gf/ k|zf]wg
1000000
blnt pTyfg
sfo{qmd
350000
d;nf k|zf]wg
200000
d;nf k|zf]wg
50000
lrof k|zf]wg
600000
jfv|f kmfd{
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
tfnLd xn lgdf{0f
500000
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
40=
41=
42=
43=
44=
45=
46=
47=
48=
49=
50=
51=
52=
53=
54=
55=
56=
57=
58=
59=
k|fs[lts k]|dL df}/L ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
uf]+uj', sf7df08f}+
b'Kr]Zj/ ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, vfF8LufFp, g'jfsf]6
km'NkLË8fF8f ax'=;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
km'NkLË8f8f, &, l;Gw'kfNrf]s
s'lj08] b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, s'lj08], l;Gw'kfNrf]s
g]kfn ckf+u ;dfh ax'=;=;=ln=,
sf7df08f}+
lqzlQm ax'=;=;=ln=, nlntk'/
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;=;=ln=, ;nfª,
wflbË
rgf}nL lzte08f/ ;=;=ln=, lrtjg
cfkm\g} s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
x]]=g=kf=–!, dsjfgk'/
sfdw]g' b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, Hofld/]], lrtjg
;fu/ b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, kl6xfgL, ^, lrtjg
gj ldlnh'nL b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, h'6kfgL, lrtjg
r]tglzn b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln =, lr;fkfgL, dsjfgk'/
cGg"k"0f{ b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, lutfgu/, lrtjg
ho cDj] dlxnf art tyf C0f
;=;=ln=, k;f{
cfTdlge{/ ;fdflhs pBd dlxnf
;=;=ln=, lrtjg
:of+hf lzte08f/ ;=;=ln=, :ofª\hf
s[lif ljsf; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, Aof;
g=kf=, !!, tgx'F
gd'gf s[lif pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, 5f]k|fs, (, uf]/vf
rGb|Hof]tL b'Uw pTkfbg ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, lj/]grf]s, uf]/vf
137
dx k|zf]wg
300000
jfv|f kmfd{
200000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
cfo d'ns sfo{
100000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
150000
lzt3/ lgdf{0f
2500000
jfv|f kmfd{
200000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
vfB k|zf]wg
130000
vfB k|zf]wg
50000
lzt3/ lgdf{0f
2500000
jfv|f kmfd{
200000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
60=
61=
62=
63=
64=
65=
66=
67=
68=
69=
70=
j]njf; b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, j]njf;, !, tgx'F
kj{lto s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
ledsfnLkf6g, sf:sL
hg;]jf :jfanDjg ax'p2]ZoLo
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, b'w/fIf, !, ¿kGb]xL
xl/gfof/0f b'Uw Aoj;flos ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, cf?Ëvf]nf, gjnk/f;L
n]sj]zL s[lif ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, jn]6S;f/, u'NdL
;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
bfpGg]j];L, gjnk/f;L
uf]bfj/L dlxnf art tyf C0f
;=;=ln=, ¿kGb]xL
s'3f{ lr;fkfgL ax'=;=;=ln=, kj{t
b]ptL jHo} s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=,
jflgofef/, &, jlb{of
;'o{tf/f df}/L kfng ;xsf/L ;+:yf
ln=, du/fuf8L, jlb{of
s~rgk'/ blnt pBdL ;xsf/L ;++:yf
ln=, dx]Gb|gu/, s~rgk'/
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
ufO{ kmfd{
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
500000
cb'jf k|zf]wg
400000
ufO{ kmfd{
600000
vfB k|zf]wg
200000
dx k|zf]wg
blnt pTyfg
sfo{qmd
100000
250000
dx k|zf]wg
250000
blnt pTyfg
sfo{qmd
560000
g]kfndf h;/L ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+VofTds ljsf; ePsf]
5 ;f] cg';f/ u'0fTds ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . u'0ffTds ljsf;sf] nflu
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿nfO{ pTkfbgzLn sfo{df nufpg' kb{5 . ;xsf/L
;+3 ;+:yfx¿nfO{ Aoj;flos s[ofsnfk tkm{ pGd'v agfpb} n}hfg' kg]{
cfjZostf 5 . ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tjbflo txdf /x]sf ;+3x¿sf]
Ifdtf sdhf]/ x'g'sf] ;fy} cfTdlge{/ aGg ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . s]Gb|
tyf lhNnf:t/df ;+rflnt ;xsf/L ;+3x¿ cfTdlge{/ aGgsf] nflu
pgLx¿ klg Aoj;flos / pTkfbgzLn aGg} kb{5 . sfg'gtM @% hgf
;b:o ldn]/ ;+:yf vf]Ng ;Sg] k|fjwfgn] ubf{ s}of}+ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿
ljlwjt ¿kdf u7g eP klg /fd|f] ls;l;djf6 ;+rfng x'g ;s]sf]
b]lvb}g . ;+:yfnfO{ pTkfbgl;n / Joj;flos agfpg ;b:o ;+Vof j[l4
ug'{ ug]{ cj:yf 5 . ;+:yf cfTdlge{/ aGgsf] nflu Go"gtd ;b:o ;+:yf
%)) eGbf a9L x'g kg]{5 . sfg'gL c8rgsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ ;xsf/L
138
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;+:yfn] pBd Joj;fo ;+rfng ug{ rfx]sf] v08df pBf]u dGqfno
;+:yfut ¿kdf pBf]u btf{ ug{ g;ls{sf] cj:yf5 . ;/sf/n] sfg"gL
¿kdf ;xlhs/0f u/L ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+;yfx¿ dfkm{t pBf]u Aoj;fo
;+rfng ug]{ jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{
pBf]u / Aoj;fo ;+rfng ug{ cg'bfg lbg] k|fjwfgdf ;'wf/ / ;+zf]wg
u/L jLp k'FhLsf] ¿kdf nufgL ug]{ u/L 3'DtL k'FhLsf]if (Revolving
Fund) sf] Aoj:yf ug'{sf] ;fy} demf}nf / 7'nf ;xsf/L pBf]udf ;/sf/n]
;d]t z]o/ vl/b u/L ;fem]bf/L pBf]usf] ¿kdf ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; ug{
;lsg] cj:yf 5 . ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ j9L pTkfbglzn jgfpg ;dfg
k|s[ltsf ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] Plss/0f cleofgsf] yfngL u/L ;+:yfsf]
;+rfng nfut ;d]t 36fpg ;lsg]5 .
;xsf/L sfg"g tyf k|rlnt cGt/f{li6«o l;4fGt l;4fGt cg';f/
cGt/ ;xsf/L ;xof]usf] k|fjwfg /x]tf klg g]kfndf ;xsf/Lx¿ jLrsf]
;xof]u k|efjsf/L jGg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ Ps cfk;df
kl/k'/s / cGt/ lge{/ jGg ;s]sf 5}gg . Pp6f ;xsf/Lsf] pTkfbg
csf]{sf] nflu sRrf j:t' jGg] jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
;xsf/L If]qaf6 ;+slnt art pTkfbglzn If]qdf k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g .
zx/L If]qdf ;xsf/Laf6 ;+rflnt art ;§fjfhL / ;fdflhs If]qdf
k|jflxt ePsf] cj:yf 5 . ctM ;xsf/L If]qn] Aoj;flos pTkfbgsf]
nflu cGt/ ;xsf/L ;xof]usf] ;fy} cGtl/s ¿kdf nufgL j9fpg'
kg]{5 .
139
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
kl/R5]b – &
;+3x¿sf] ljj/0f
&=! /fli6«o tyf s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3x¿sf] ;+lIfKt k|ult ljj/0fM
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, M /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= g]kfn /fHoe/sf
;+k"0f{ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] k|ltlglwd'ns 5ftf ;+u7g xf] .
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] k|j4{g ljsf; / xs lxtsf ljifox¿sf ;fy}
cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf ;d]t g]kfnsf] ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ klxrfg
u/fpg ;+3sf] e'ldsf lg0ff{os /xb} cfPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L P]g @)$*
adf]lhd @)%) ;fn cfiff9 ^ ut] :yflkt o; ;+3df xfn !! j6f
s]Gb|Lo :t/sf ;+3x¿, %( j6f lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3x¿, &% j6f
ljifout lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3x¿ / !@ j6f ;xof]lu ;b:ox¿ cfj4
/x]sf 5g\ . o; ;+3n] ;g\ !((& df cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L dxf;+3
(ICA) sf] ;b:otf k|fKt u/L cGt{/fli6«o ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngdf
;xefuL x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo ejg
lgdf{0fsf] nflu cf=j= )^&.^* / )^*.^( df u/L hDdf ? ! s/f]8
(& nfv *% xhf/ e'QmfgL eO{ ;s]sf] / ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ rfn'
cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . o; ;+3af6 cf=j= )^*.^( df g]kfn
;/sf/af6 k|fKt @* nfv /sdaf6 n}+lus ;zlQms/0f / gf/L lbj;
;DjGwL sfo{qmd, g]t[Tj ljsf; tfnLd, b'u{d If]q kx'Fr ljsf;
sfo{qmd, d'Qm sd}of pTyfg sfo{qmd cGt{ut l;nfO{ s6fO{ tfnLd,
Ifdtf clej[l4 sfo{qmd cGt{ut uf]i7L ;+rfng, k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f
tfnLd, Aoj:yfkg tfnLd, n]vf ;ldltsf] nflu tfnLd, Aoj:yfks
tfnLd, ;xsf/L lzIff lzlj/, lhNnf ;+3 k|j4{g cGt{ut ljleGg !)
lhNnfsf ;+3x¿nfO{ sDKo"6/ x:tfGt/0f, cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L lbj;
sfo{qmd, k'/:sf/ ljt/0f, pTkfbg k|bz{gL cfbL sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng
u/L !($& hgf AolQmx¿ k|ToIf ¿kdf o; ;+3af6 nfefGjLt
ePsf 5g\ .
2= s]Gb|Lo b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, M b'Uw pTkfbg Aoj;fonfO{
j9L k|efjsf/L jgfpg ;+ul7t ¿kdf b]zsf u|fdL0f O{nfsfdf
s[ifsx¿åf/f pTkflbt b'wsf] plrt d"No / ;'/lIft Pj+ e/kbf]{
jhf/sf] k|jGw u/L b'Uw pTkfbg Pj+ kz'kfng Aoj;fodf /x]sf
1=
140
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;b:ox¿sf] klxrfg u/L ;dfwfg ug]{, u/fpg] p2]Zon] ;fy} b]znfO{
b'UwhGo kbfy{df cfTdlge{/ jgfpb} pTkfbg sfo{b]lv k|zf]wg /
ljlqm ljt/0f ;Ddsf k|lqmofx¿df s[ifsx¿nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpb}
hfg] p2]Zo lnP/ ;xsf/L P]g @)$* adf]lhd @)$(.!@.@) df
s]Gb|Lo b'Uw pTkfbg ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,sf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . /fHoe/
:yfkgf ePsf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] * k|ltzt b'Uw pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ eg] o;sf] ;~hfn %& lhNnfdf
lj:tf/ eO{ !&&* j6f k|f/lDes ;+:yf ;+rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . #* j6f
lhNnfdf b'Uw pTkfbg ;xsf/L ;+3 jlg;s]sf] 5g\ eg] c¿ @ s}nfnL, s~rgk'/_ lhNnfdf jGg] qmd hf/L 5 . o; ;+3df ^*)
j6f k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ / #* j6f ;+3x¿ cfj4 /x]sf 5g\ .
cf=j= )^*.^( df ;xsf/L ljefuaf6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd ? @ nfv
&% xhf/ vr{ u/L b'Uw ;xsf/Lsf] /0fgLlt tof/ ug{ k|ZgfjnL
tof/, lkmN8 ;e]{If0f, tYof+s ;+sng, k|zf]wg / ljZn]if0fsf] sfd
ePsf] 5 .
3= g]kfn art tyf C0f s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, M g]kfn art tyf
C0f s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3sf] :yfkgf @)%) ;fndf ePsf] xf] . of]
;+3 art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] ljifout k|ltlglw
d'ns ;+3 xf] . o; ;+3;Fu xfn ^* lhNnfdf !@@@ art tyf C0f
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ / $@ j6f ljifout lhNnf ;+3x¿ ;d]t !@^$
;+3n] PlzofnL C0f dxf;+3 / ;f] dfkm{t ljZj C0f kl/ifb;Fu
cfj4tf sfod u/]sf] 5 . /fli6«o:t/df of] ;+3 /fli6«o ;xsf/L j}+s
/ /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3sf] ;b:O ;d]t /x]sf] 5 . o; ;+3n] cf=j=
)^*.^( df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ? # nfv %) xhf/ cg'bfg k|fKt
u/]sf]df cfkm\gf] >f]t ;d]t kl/rfng u/L d'n'ssf] %$ :yfgdf
sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]sf] lyof] . h;df !* j6f tfnLd ;+rfng u/L
$** hgfnfO{ k|lzIf0f lbPsf] / #^ :yfgdf ljleGg ljifo;Fu
;DjlGwt uf]i7L ;+rfng u/L @)#& hgf ;xefuL jLr cGt/lqmof
;+rfng ePsf] lyof] . o; ;+3df xfn ^) sd{rf/Lx¿ sfo{/t /x]sf]
5g\ . o; ;+3 cGt{ut &# j6f ;+:yfn] g]sf]z Kn; ;km\6j]/ h8fg
u/]sf 5g\ . o; ;+3 cGt{ut ^ j6f lkmN8 sfof{no / Pp6f s]Gb|Lo
sfof{no ;+rfngdf /x]sf] 5 .
141
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
4= g]kfn s]Gb|Lo pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= M vf; u/]/ pkef]Uo
;fdfu|Lx¿sf] Aoj;fo ;+rfng ug]{ pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;:yfx¿
ldn]/ cfkm\gf] xslxt, ;+/If0f / ljsf;sf nflu s]Gb|Lo ;+u7gsf]
¿kdf g]kfn s]Gb|Lo pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=sf] :yfkgf ul/Psf]
xf] . @)%) efb| # ut] :yflkt o; ;+3 xfn;Dd clw/fHoe/sf !!%
pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ cfj4 /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cf=j= )^*.^(
df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt ? ! nfv cg'bfg / ;+3sf] ;xeflutf
;d]t u/L hDdf ? @ nfv $$ xhf/ * ;o (( ¿k}Fof vr{ u/L
k|f/lDes ;+:yf lj:tf/ uf]i7L, lhNnf ;+3 u7g ;DjGwL cGt/lqmof
uf]i7L / ;'kyd"No k;n ;DjGwL ;+rfng u/L !!^ hgf
;xefuLx¿nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg] sfd ePsf] lyof] .
5= /fli6«o ;xsf/L j}+s ln= M clw/fHoe/ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿nfO{
ljQLo If]qdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg Ps 5'§} lgsfosf] cfjZostf k/]sf]
x'Fbf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] k|of; / ;/sf/sf] ;xof]udf /fli6«o
;xsf/L j}+ssf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] xf] . ;xsf/L P]g @)$* cg'¿k
@)^).#.@% ut] ;xsf/L ljefudf btf{ ePsf] pQm j}+sdf xfn;Dd ^&
lhNnfdf $^!* ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿n] ;b:otf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .
o; j}+sn] g]kfn /fi6«o j}+saf6 :jLs[tL k|fKt u/L l;ldt sf/f]jf/
;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o; cGt{ut xfn ;Dd @( j6f zfvf :yfkgf
ePsf 5g\ . o; j}+ssf] lgIf]k ? ##( s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 eg] nufgL !^(
s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . cf=j=@)^*÷^( df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{jf6 Ifdtf
ljsf;sf] nflu ?=%) xhf/ cg'bfg ljlgof]hg ePsf]df a}+sn] e'QmfgL
lng gcfPsf]n] /sd lk|mh ePsf] lyof] .
6
s]Gb|Lo t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= M s]Gb|Lo t/sf/L tyf
kmnkm'n ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= @)^#.!!.^ sf lbg ;xsf/L ljefudf btf{
ePsf] xf] . xfn o; ;+3sf] ultljlw !# lhNnfdf lj:tf/ ePs]f 5 .
o;sf % j6f ;+3 ;lxt ^! j6f ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ cfj4 /x]sf 5g\ .
cf=j= )^*.^( df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd ? ! nfv
;d]t k|of]u u/L kfFrj6f lhNnf :ofª\hf, wflbª, sfe|], emfkf /
lrtjgdf uf]i7L ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o; ;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
sflndf6L, sf7df08f}df /x]sf] 5 .
142
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
7
8
9
g]kfn s[lif ;xsf/L s]Gb|Lo ;+3 ln= M g]kfn s[lif ;xsf/L s]Gb|Lo
;+3sf] :yfkgf )^$.(.@( ut] ePsf] xf] . o; ;+3n] cfkm\gf
ultljlwx¿ d'n'ssf] %& lhNnfsf] &)% uf=lj=;=df lj:tf/ u/]sf]
5 . o; ;+3df #& j6f ljifout lhNnf ;+3x¿ / $%! j6f
k|f/lDes ;+:yfx¿ u/L hDdf $** ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ cfj4 /x]sf 5g\ .
o; ;+3sf] z]o/ k'FhL ? #% nfv /x]sf] 5 . o; ;+3 cGt{ut
;+rflnt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿åf/f k|jl4t ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; j}+ssf]
sf/f]jf/ ? @ cj{ %) s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . o; cGt{ut ;+rlfnt
;xsf?Lx¿n] cfkm\gf ;b:ox¿nfO{ sl/j & cj{ j/fj/sf] n3'shf{
k|jfx u/]sf] 5 . o; ;+3 cGt{utsf ;+:yfx¿af6 b'Uw k|zf]wg
s[lifxf6 jhf/ ;+rfng, t/sf/L ;+rfng s]Gb| :yfkgf, vfB k|zf]wg,
jfnL ;'/Iff, ;fd'lxs l;FrfO{, vfg]kfgL, kz';]jf, jLp j}+s, nf]k
pGd'v hftLx¿df ;]jf lj:tf/, kz' ;'/Iff Aoj:yf, j}slNks phf{,
lrof v]tL, :s'n ;+rfng, jfnjfnLsf :ofxf/ s]Gb|, u|fdL0f j}+s,
kz'kfng, cflb h:tf sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ut cf=j=
)^*.^( df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd ? # nfv @%
xhf/af6 ljleGg k|s[ltsf tfnLd ;+rfng u/L ^$ ;+:yfsf !^)
hgfnfO{ k|lzIf0f k|bfg u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;+3 cGt{ut s]Gb|Lo :t/df
!^ hgf, lkmN8 :t/df @@ hgf / ljb]zL :jo+;]js # hgf ;d]t $!
hgf sfo{/t 5g\ . o; ;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no s'k08f]n, nlntk'/df
/x]sf] 5 .
g]kfn s]Gb|Lo hl8j'6L ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, M g]kfn s]Gb|Lo hl8j'6L
;xsf/L ;+3 ln= sf] :yfkgf @)^* ;fndf ePsf] xf] . o; ;+3df
xfn ;Dd @ j6f ljifout lhNnf ;+3 / %) j6f k|f/lDes ;+:yf
;d]t hDdf %@ j6f ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] cfj4tf 5 . pQm ;+3 cGt{ut
xfn d'n'ssf] !^ lhNnfdf sof{qmd lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . cf=j=
)^*.^( df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd ? ! nfvaf6
sDKo"6/, lk|G6/ nufot kmlg{r/ vl/b ePsf] / ;+3sf] tkm{af6
;fwf/0f;ef ;DkGg ug'{sf] ;fy} jh]6 sfo{qmd uf]i7L ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] .
s]Gb|Lo pv' pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, M cGt/f{li6«o d"No dfGotf /
l;4fGtx¿sf] cfwf/df ;b:ox¿df 5l/P/ /x]sf] >f]t / ;fwgnfO{
143
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
10
11
PsLs[t u/L ;b:ox¿sf lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx¿åf/f ;+rflnt Pj+
k|hftflGqs k4ltaf6 lgolGqt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] dfWodåf/f pv'
pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf
;f+:s[lts ljsf;sf] nflu Ps pv' pTkfbs ;xsf/L u7g u/L
;+rfng ug{ cfjZos ePsf]n] ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* cg';f/ s]Gb|Lo
pv' pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=sf] ldlt )^^.!@.@& df btf{ ePsf]
xf] . xfn ;+3sf] sfof{no jlb{jf;, dxf]Q/Ldf /x]sf] 5 / o; ;+3df
#( ;+:yf cfj4 /x]sf] 5 . cf=j= )^*.^( df o; ;+:yfnfO{ k|fKt
cg'bfg /s ? ! nfvaf6 n]vf Aoj:yfkg / pv' pTkfbg ;DjGwL
tfnLd k|bfg u/L &* hgf ;xefuLx¿nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg] sfd ;DkGg
eof] . cl3Nnf] cf=j=df k|fKt cg'bfgaf6 sDKo"6/ ;]6 / kmlg{r/
vl/b ePsf] lyof] .
g]kfn ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, M g]kfn ;"rgf
tyf ;+rf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= sf] :yfkgf )^*.$.!^ df ePsf]
xf] . btf{sf] ;dodf @& j6f k|f/lDes ;+:yfx¿ cfj4 /x]sf]df xfn
#^ j6f ;+:yfx¿sf] cfj4tf /x]sf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L jif{sf]
pknIfdf o; ;+3sf pkfWoIf >L lzj s'df/ 8fFuL ;d]tsf] 6f]nLn]
;xsf/Lsf] nf]uf]÷k|lts lrGx / ;xsf/Lsf] em08f ldlt )^*.@.!#
ut] ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]df kmx/fpg] sfd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . g]kfn
;/sf/af6 cf=j= )^*.^( df k|fKt ? ! nfv cg'bfg /sdaf6
sDKo"6/ ;d]tsf pks/0f ;fdfu|Lx¿ vl/b ul/Ps]f lyof] . ;fy}
;xsf/Lsf e'ldsf ljifos cGt/lqmofdf #) hgf kqsf/x¿nfO{
;xsf?L ;DjGwL tfnLd k|bfg ug]{ sfd ePsf] lyof] .
h'gf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= M ;xsf/L d"No dfGotf / l;4fGt
cg'¿k ;xsf/Ltfsf] dfWodaf6 h'gf/ pTkfbgsf] Aofj;flos ljsf;
tyf jhf/ Aoj:yfkg u/L ;b:o ;+3 ;+:yf tyf ltgsf ;b:ox¿sf]
cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts ljsf; ug{sf nflu ;b:ox¿jLr
;dGjo Pj+ cGt{;DjGwnfO{ ;'b[9 u/L h'gf/ pTkfbg AojfonfO{
k|j4{g / ljsf; ug{sf nflu @)^^ ;fn j}zfv !& ut] of] ;+3
;xsf/L ljefudf btf{ ePsf] xf] . xfn o; ;+3df /fd]5fk / l;Gw'nL
lhNnfsf ## j6f k|f/lDes ;+:yfx¿ / @ j6f ;+3x¿ cfj4 /x]sf]
5g\ . o; ;+3n] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd ? ! nfvaf6
144
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
12
13
14
@ j6f uf]i7L / h'gf/ v]tL ;DjGwL k|fljlws Sofn]G8/ 5kfO{sf] sfd
ePsf] lyof] .
g]kfn df}/Lkfng s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= M cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L
dx;+3n] u/]sf] ;xsf/L d"No dfGotf / l;4fGt cg'¿k ;xsf/Ltfsf]
dfWodaf6 g]kfndf df}/Lkfng tyf dx pTkfbgsf] Aofj;fl;os
ljsf; tyf jhf/ Aoj:yfkg u/L g]kfndf 5l/P/ /x]sf df}/L
Aoj;fo ;Fu ;DjlGwt ul/j, ljkGg, blnt, lk5l8Psf] ju{, hflt
tyf dlxnfx¿sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts ljsf;ug{sf]
nflu dx pTkfbg Aoj;fonfO{ k|j4{g / ljsf; ug{ cfjZos dx;';
u/L g]kfn df}/Lkfng dxf;+3sf] kxndf ldlt )^$.$.#@ df j;]sf]
klxnf] k|f/lDes e]nfsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ b]ze/ @& j6f ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿nfO{ cfj4 u/fO{ ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* adf]lhd )^$.*.% sf
lbg of] ;+3sf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . xfn o; ;+3df %% j6f ;xsf/L
;+:yfx¿ ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 cf=j= )^*.^( df
k|fKt cg'bfg /sd ? ! nfvaf6 dxsf] l:6s/ / n]jn 5kfO{sf] sfd
;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
s]Gb|Lo slkm ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= M slkm pTkfbs s[ifsx¿sf] cfly{s
tyf ;fdflhs pTyfg ug]{ clek|fon] d'n'se/sf slkm pTkfbs
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿nfO{ pko'Qm dfu{bz{g lbO{ Aojf;los ;dGjo,
;xof]u / s]Gb|:t/Lo ;]jf k'¥ofpg s]Gb|Lo slkm ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= sf]
:yfkgf ePsf] xf] . ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* cg';f/ ul7t b]ze/ /x]sf
slkm ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf] 5ftf ;+u7gsf] ¿kdf @)^# d+;L/ #
ut] ;xsf/L ljefudf btf{ ePsf] o; ;+3sf] k|d'v p2]Zo ;xsf/L
;+3 ;+:yf tyf s[ifs ;b:ox¿nfO{ slkm v]tL Aoj;fosf] bLuf]
pTkfbg tyf pTkflbt slkmsf] lgoldt jhf/ Aoj:yf ldnfO{ ;f]sf]
dfWodaf6 ;b:ox¿sf] cfo :t/df j[l4 ug{ pTk|]l/t u/L
;xsf/LtfnfO{ ul/jL lgjf/0fsf] ;zQm cleofgsf] ¿kdf cuf8L
j9fpg' /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfn ljB't s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, M ;xsf/L ljefuåf/f ldlt
)^&.!@.!! df g]kfn ljB't s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=sf] btf{ ePsf]
xf] . o; ;+3df xfn @* j6f k|f/lDes ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿
;+ul7t /x]sf 5g\ . cf=j= )^*.^(df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg
145
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
15
16
/sd ? ! nfv %) xhf/af6 o; ;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf
cfjZos kg]{ sDKo"6/ ;]6 tyf kmlg{r/ vl/b ug'{sf] ;fy} cGt/lqmof
uf]i7L ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
s]Gb|Lo lrof ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= M g]kfndf ;g !(@) b]lv lrof
v]tLsf] ;'?jft eO{ vf; u/L d'n'ssf] k"lj{ If]q– O{nfd, kfFry/,
emfkf, wgs'6f nufotsf lhNnfx¿df gub] jfnLsf] ¿kdf v]tL
ul/b} cfPsf]df xfnsf jif{x¿df lrof v]tLsf] lj:tf/ eO{ cGo
lhNnfx¿df klg Aoj;flos ¿kdf pTkfbg ;'? ePsf] 5 . ;xsf/L
ljefudf ldlt )^&.%.#! ut] s]Gb|Lo lrof ;xsf/L ;+3sf] btf{ eO{
ljz]if u/L k|f/lDes lrof ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u /
gLltut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] sfd x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . xfn o; ;+:yfdf ^#
j6f k|f/lDes ;+:yfx¿ cfj4 /x]sf 5g\ . cf=j= )^*.^( df g]kfn
;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd ? ! nfv %) xhf/af6 cfj4
;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ tfnLd k|bfg ug'{sf] ;fy} ljleGg k|j4{gfTds
uf]i7Lx¿ ;+rfng ug]{ sfd ePsf] lyof] . To;}u/L cjnf]sg e|d0f /
cg'udg lg/LIf0fsf sfdx¿ klg ;DkGg ePsf lyP .
g]kfn s]Gb|Lo :jf:Yo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= M
;xsf/L P]g @)$* cGt{ut /xL b]z e/ ;+rflnt :jf:Yo ;xsf/L
;+:yf tyf :jf:Yo ;Fu ;DjlGwt ;]jfnfO{ cfkm\gf] d'n p2]Zosf]
¿kdf sfo{/t ;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf ;+3x¿sf] k|j4{g / ljsf;sf
nflu cfjZos e'ldsf lgjf{x ug{sf nflu ldlt @)^* >fj0f @@
ut] ;xsf/L ljefudf btf{ eO{ sf7df08f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf–!%, 7'nf]
e/ofª\, :joDe'df cfkm\gf] sfof{no :yfkgf u/L ;+rfngdf /x]sf] 5 .
xfn b]ze/ btf{ ePsf s'n &) j6f :jf:Yo ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ dWo]
klZrdsf] ;Nofg b]lv k"j{sf] emfkf ;Ddsf u/L #@ j6f ;xsf/L
;+:yf / ! dfq sf7df08f}+ lhNnf :jf:Yo ;+3 o;df cfj4 eO{
;s]sf] 5g\ . cf=j= )^*.^( df ? ! nfv g]kfn ;/sf/af6 cg'bfg
lgsf;f ePsf]df pQm /sdaf6 sfof{no Aoj:yfkg ;DjGwL sfo{df
vr{ ePsf] lyof] . o; ;+3sf] z]o/ k'FhL ? $ nfv % xhf/ /x]sf]
5.
146
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
kl/R5]b – *
ljljw
*=! ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqnfodf sfo{/t dGqL tyf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] gfd,kb, 6]lnkmf]g M
qm=;+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
kb
df=dGqL
;lrj
;x ;lrj
;x ;lrj
pk ;lrj, sfg"g
pk ;lrj
pk ;lrj
pk ;lrj
pk ;lrj
pk ;lrj
pk ;lrj
zf=c=
zf=c=
gfd
Psgfy 9sfn
s]zj e§/fO{
;'bz{g k|;fb 9sfn
s[i0f k|;fb nD;fn
s]zj clwsf/L
ljh's'df/ >]i7
;fg'sfhL b];f/
/d]z k'8f;}lg
rGb| jxfb'/ 7s'/L
dx]z k/fh'nL
jfj'/fd e';fn
cg'h e08f/L
gf/fo0f /]UdL
kmofS;
4244754
147
sfof{no kmf]g÷df]jfO{n
4200055
4211860
4200058
4211698
4211906
4211781
4211657
4211976
4211755
9841773983
9841353683
4211690
4211860
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
*=@ ;xsf/L ljefudf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿sf] gfd,kb, 6]lnkmf]g / df]jfOn
qm=
;+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
kb
/lhi6«f/
pk–/lhi6«f/
a=s[lif cy{lj1
zfvf clws[t
n]vf clws[t
zfvf clws[t
zfvf clws[t
sfg"g clws[t
zfvf clws[t
gf=;'=
gf=;'=
n]vfkfn
;xn]vfkfn
s= ck/]6/
s=c=
;=s=c=
s=c
gfd
lgjf; kmf]g
s]bf/ Gof}kfg]
pk]Gb| jxfb'/ 9'+ufgf
lji0f' k|;fb l3ld/]
;'/]z/fh hf]zL
lg/fhg sf]O{/fnf
/3'j+z s8]n
xl/ j= kf]v/]n
sdn/fh uf}td
gd/fh ;fksf]6f
;ld{nf tfdf+u
;'dg kf]v/]n
u0f]z ;fksf]6f
ljsf; lg/f}nf
rqm axfb'/ >]i7
l8NnL j= v8sf
/fhs'df/ rf}w/L
Zofd k|;fb nfld5fg]
df]jfO{n
zfvf
9751040327
9851148335
^^!$^!@
148
(*$!%(@**!
(*$!%%%(&&
(*$#)$&!($
(*$!$%!%)*
(*$*!)%(&)
(*$!#^*^!&
(*$!@$(*#$
(*$$)$%!!&
9841377043
9841280447
(*$!&(*)^@
(*$!(@#@&@
(*$$()%#@^
(*$%!@#^(*
(*$!#^@)^^
Aoj;fo k|j4{g
of]hgf
-cf=k|=_
;=;+=
s=k|=
sfg"g
cg'udg
s=k|=
of]hgf
cf=k|=
cf=k|=
cf=k|
; ;+
tYof+s
lk=P=zfvf
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
18
19
s=c=
gf=;'=
of]uLg >]i7
O{lGb/f bfxfn
(*)*&#^(()
(*$!%)*)!)
20
vl/bf/
PljGb|f s]=;L=
(*$(!%*($@
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
8«fO{e/
8«fO{e/
sf=;xof]uL
Æ
Æ
Æ
:jLk/
af;' vqL
dbg/fh lu/L
/fd' kf7s
dgf]h vqL
;'dg ;fx
ejfgL ;+h]n
lzj kf]8]n
@@@)%@)
of]hgf
k|zf;g
btf{÷
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(*$!&@!#*%
(&$!)@&$%(
(*)*)*%$&@
(*$(!#$(*!
(*$!(^%()*
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*=# ;xsf/L ljefu, cGtut{sf sfof{nox¿sf] kbflwsf/Lx¿sf]] gfd, kb, 6]lnkmf]g / km\ofS; g+=
sfof{no gfd
kb
sfof{no k|d'v
lghL df]=g+=
sf]8
sfof{nosf] kmf]g
km\ofS; g+=
;xsf/L ljefu, gof+ afg]Zj/
/lhi^«f/
s]bf/ Gof}kfg]
9751040327
01
6202563, 4461177
4465517
s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L k|lzIf)f s]Gb|
k|frfo{
u)f]z cof{n
9851079410
01
$$&)!)#, 4115678
4115621
;= k|= tyf l*= sf= ;'g;/L
k|frfo{
lzj sfsL{
025
560184
560184
149
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
;= k|= tyf l*= sf= lrtjg
k|frfo{
s]zj jxfb"/ yfkf
;= k|= tyf l*= sf= sf:sL
k|frfo{,
gf/fo)f k|;fb cof{n
;= k|= tyf l*= sf= af+s]
k|frfo{
/fd k|;fb jfUn]
9841139229
;= k|= tyf l*= sf= s}nfnL
k|frfo{
xl/s[i)f e^[
l*=;=sf= O{nfd
;=c=
Dffwj kf]v/]n
l*=;=sf= emfkf
;=c=
l*=;=sf= df]/ª
;=c=
l*=;=sf= wgs'^f
9851085334
056
521556
521556
061
463080
465829
081
550258
550281
9749005277
091
521225
521225
9852681221
027
520097
520097
g]q k|;fb l#ld/]
9842682942
023
455031
455117
ch'{g lg/f}nf
9841608025
021
528950
528950
;=c
uf]/vgfy ld>
9849285405
026
520292
520292
l*=;=sf= pbok'/
;=c=
u")ff /fO{
9849534740
035
420141
420141
l*=;=sf= l;/fxf
;=c=
dx]z &fs'/
9742014046
033
561933
560428
l*=;=sf= bf]nvf
;=c=
r]tgfy lu/L
9841357025
049
421118
421118
l*=;=sf= wg'iff
;=c=
k/d]Zj/ ofbj
9844039643
041
520159
522001
l*=;=sf= ;nf{xL
lg=;=c
/fdnId)f /fo
9844033559
046
520146
521533
l*=;=sf= /f}tx^
lg=;=c=
pk]Gb| /fo
055
520126
520677
l*=;=sf= af/f
lg=;=c=
dx]Gb| /fpt
9845414349
053
550019
550759
l*=;=sf= k;f{
lg=;=c=
b'uf{k|;fb h};jfn
9845037432
051
522264
529423
l*=;=sf= dsjfgk'/
;=c=
led kl/of/
9845382850
057
520514
520514
l*=;=sf= sfe|]
;=c=
xl/ kf}*]n
9841491201
011
490157
490157
l*=;=sf= g'jfsf]^
;=c=
/f]dfsfGt sfkm\n]
9851012748
010
560013
560013
l*=;=sf= wflb+ª
;=c=
?b|k|;fb kf}*]n
9841357021
010
520116
520116
l*=;=sf= sf&df*f}+
a=;=c=
jn/fd lg/f}nf
9855063282
01
4780136
4780136
150
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
l*=;=sf= nlntk'/
;=c=
zlz s"df/ nD;fn
9843023288
01
5548812
5548812
l*=;=sf= eQmk'/
;=c=
xl/ jlzi&
9851033682
01
6610342
6610342
l*=;=sf= tgx'+
;=c=
uf}td e)*f/L
9846068111
065
560097
560480
l*=;=sf= afUn'ª
;=c=
lji)f' k|;fb ;'j]bL
9847630302
068
520302
520302
l*=;=sf= :ofªhf
;=c=
jf]w/fh j:ofn
9857040054
063
420220
420218
l*=;=sf= gjnk/f;L
;=c=
jf;'b]j e§/fO{
9841607344
078
520235
520235
l*=;=sf= ¿kGb]xL
;=c=
/df cfrfo{ -;'j]bL_
9841558010
071
520186
520186
l*=;=sf= kfNkf
;=c=
?b|nfn e"iffn
9847305549
075
520137
520137
l*=;=sf= slknj:t'
;=c=
j]bk|sfz pkfWofo
9847040772
076
560086
560545
l*=;=sf= bfª
;=c=
ljgf]b s'df/ kf}*]n
9845097559
082
560019
560019
l*=;=sf= jlb{of
lg=;=c
/]zd s"df/ vqL
084
420119
420004
l*=;=sf= ;'v]{t
;=c=
cfgGb zf?
083
520217
520217
l*=;=sf= *f]^L
;=c=
k|sfz/fh kf}*]n
094
420103
420103
l*=;=sf= h'Dnf
sf=d'=;=c
^]sjxfb'/ j'(fyfkf
087
520029
520117
l*=;=sf= sGrgk'/
;=c=
;"lbz s'df/ cof{n
099
521239
521239
l*=;=sf= a}t*L
lg=;=c=
lj?/fd nf]xf/
095
520163
520024
9848029301
9848300183
9848739765
*=$ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3x¿sf] gfd, 7]ufgf / kmf]g g+=
l;=g+=
1=
2=
3=
;+3sf] gfd
/fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, ljh'nLjhf/ .
g]kfn art tyf C0f s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, gof+ afg]Zj/ .
g]kfn df}/Lkfng s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, e/tk'/, lrtjg
kbflwsf/L
s]zj j*fn
ldg/fh s+*]n
u)f]z axfb'/ j:g]t
151
kmf]g
4781510, 4781697
4781963, 6215980
9844036446, 9855078407
jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg
4=
5=
6=
7=
8=
9=
10=
11=
12=
13=
14=
15=
16=
s]Gb|Lo slkm ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, gofF afg]Zj/ .
g]kfn s]Gb|Lo pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,
s]Gb|Lo lrof ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, O{nfd
g]kfn ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, lqk'/]Zj/
s]Gb|Lo pv' pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, jlb{jf;, dxf]Q/L .
g]kfn s]Gb|Lo hl8j'6L ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, j'4gu/, sf7df08f}+ .
/fli6«o ;xsf/L j}+s ln=, s'k08f]n .
s]Gb|Lo t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, sflndf6L .
s]Gb|Lo b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, gofF afg]Zj/ .
g]kfn s]Gb|Lo :jf:Yo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, :joDe' .
g]kfn s[lif ;xsf/L s]Gb|Lo ;+3 ln=, s'k08f]n .
g]kfn ljB't s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=, xg'dfgyfg, cgfdgu/ .
h'gf/ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=,
uf]ljGb j/fsf]^L
lbks/fh kf}*]n
uf]ljGb bfxfn
lji)f"x/L (sfn
/fdrGb| s"zjfx
eQmjxfb'/ zfx
/d]z kf]v/]n
ljgf]b k/fh"nL
dfwj sf]O{/fnf
/fh]Gb| kf)*]
v]d axfb"/ kf&s
wd{/fh kf}*]n
lbks sf]O{/fnf
152
4460382
9851005925
027521714
4289121, 489123
9744005450
9841593113
5011782
6217835
4488724
4034598
5010758, 5010759
4242993
9741047263