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Chemistry Thermodynamics, Electrochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Blizzard Bag 2014 -2015
1. When a radioisotope undergoes gamma radiation, its mass number ________, and its atomic
number _______.
A. remains the same, decreases by 1
B. remains the same, remains the same
C. remains the same, increases by 1
D. increases by 4, increases by 2
E. decreases by 4, decreases by 2
2. Which term best describes the concept of entropy?
A. order
B. heat transferred
C. temperature
D. internal energy
E. randomness
3. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is conserved...
A. in any chemical or physical change to matter.
B. only in a process in which the change in internal energy is zero.
C. only in a process in which work is performed, but no heat is transferred.
D. only in a process in which heat is transferred, but no work is performed.
E. only in a process in which the change in internal energy is greater than zero.
4. What is the order of the following four solutions from lowest pH to highest pH?
I. household bleach
II. lemon juice
III. baking soda in water
IV. normal rain water
A. II < III < I < IV
B. IV < III < II < I
C. II < III < IV < I
D. II < IV < III < I
E. IV < II < III < I
5. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,715 years. After 29,000 years (5 half-lives) have elapsed, how
much carbon-14 remains in a sample that originally contained 0.32 g of carbon-14?
A. 0.10 g
B. 0.040 g
C. 0.080 g
D. 0.20 g
E. 0.010 g
6. What is the most likely spontaneous nuclear change, if any, to atoms of bromine-72?
A. alpha decay
B. a decay that involves gamma rays, but no particles
C. positron emission or electron capture
D. beta decay
E. no change (the nucleus is stable)
7. Cu2+(aq) + 2 e- → Cu(s) Eored = 0.34 V
Al3+(aq) + 3 e- → Al(s) Eored = −1.66 V
A copper electrode, an aluminum electrode, and ionic solutions of copper (II) ions and
aluminum ions are used to form a voltaic cell. Standard conditions apply throughout the cell.
In the cell, the cathode is the ______ electrode and the cell potential is ______.
A. copper, 1.32 V
B. aluminum, −4.34 V
C. copper, 2.00 V
D. copper, 4.34 V
E. aluminum, 2.00 V
8. The chemical equation for a reaction is shown below.
4 Fe(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 Fe2O3(s)
What is the entropy change (ΔSo) in this reaction at 298 K? (NOTE: At 298 K, the standard molar
entropies for the reaction components are Fe(s) = 27.2 J/mol-K; O2(g) = 205.0 J/mol-K; and
Fe2O3(s) =90.0 J/mol-K.)
A. −78.3 J/K
B. −543.8 J/K
C. 15.6 J/K
D. −11.8 J/K
E. 180.4 J/K
9. What is the purpose of the Nernst equation?
E = Eo − 0.0592/n (log Q)
A. to calculate cell potential under nonstandard conditions
B. to calculate cell potential when more than one electron is transferred per mole of
oxidizing or reducing agent
C. to calculate cell potential when gas electrodes are used
D. to estimate the time that current will continue to flow in an electrochemical call
E. to calculate cell potential when metal electrodes are used
10. A chemist conducts a titration on 50 mL of a solution of hydrobromic acid (HBr) of unknown
strength. She finds the pH reaches the equivalency point with the addition of 15 mL of
0.30 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH). What is the concentration of the HBr solution?
A. 0.40 M
B. 0.030 M
C. 0.90 M
D. 0.12 M
E. 0.090 M
11.
___ H+(aq) + __ Cr2O72-(aq) + __ Ag(s) → __ Cr3+(aq) + __ Ag+(aq) + __ H2O (l)
When this equation is balanced, what are the coefficients of the reactants (read from left to
right)?
A. 8, 2, 4
B. 5, 2, 7
C. 12, 1, 3
D. 14, 1, 6
E. 9, 3, 1
12. According to the Brønsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases, hydrochloric acid (HCl) acts
as an acid when it dissolves in water because it
A. raises the pH of the aqueous solution.
B. lowers the pH of the aqueous solution.
C. releases H+ ions into the aqueous solution.
D. donates H+ ions to form hydronium ions (H3O+).
E. receives OH- ions from water molecules.