SCEC-VDO Production Team for UCERF3
Laura Gerbi1, Eduardo Andino2, Shanna Williamson3, Jose Cruz4,
Dr. Thomas Jordan5, Dr. Robert de Groot5, Nick Rousseau6, Sam Reed4, Bridget Hellige5
1Macalester
College, 2East Los Angeles College, 3Skidmore College, 4Pasadena City College,
5University of Southern California, 6California State University - Northridge
Multiple Fault Rupture Rates
When a rupture occurs on a fault, this initial activity triggers other faults to participate in the rupture; the
participation of other faults occurs at a measured rate known as a Multiple Fault Rupture Rate (MFR). Videos
showcase participation rates of faults as well as the rate of each possible rupture. Videos were made for each of
the Deformation Models for the Elsinore, San Jacinto, San Andreas, Garlock, and Hayward-Rogers Creek Faults.
Fig. 2
Fig. 1
Vertical lines rising above the San Andreas Fault
display the rate of each possible individual rupture using the
Zeng model (Fig. 1). The red arrow points to the area of initial
rupture (the white segment). A rupture on this particular
segment triggers activity along the entire San Andreas and
affects the San Jacinto, Garlock, Brawley, Pinto Mountains,
Mendocino, and many other faults.
Comparisons of MFR rates between the four deformation
models are shown above for the Southern San Andreas (Fig.2). The
red arrows point to the white segment experiencing initial rupture.
The four models all display participation of faults in the Los Angeles
region, yet differences in participation rates can still be identified
between the models.
Elsinore
Hayward-Rogers Creek
M7.75
M7.35
Visual representations of quantitative and qualitative
Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3
(UCERF3) data are created by the 2012 Undergraduate Studies
in Earthquake Information Technology (USEIT) Scripting Team
utilizing the visualization capabilities of SCEC Virtual Display of
Objects (SCEC-VDO). These visualizations illustrate fault slip
rates with both large-scale and regional comparisons in California
for the four deformation models: Averaged Block Model (ABM),
Geologic Block Model (GEOL), NeoKinema (NeoK), and Zeng
Buried Dislocation Model (Zeng) (Fig. 4 & 5). Multiple Fault
Rupture Rate movies display fault participation rates during a
chosen event for faults with the highest rupture probabilities and
earthquake risks (Fig. 1 & 2), while Solution Participation Rates
(Fig. 8) show the frequency of different earthquake magnitudes on
California faults. ShakeMap visualizations combine shaking
intensity and CyberShake data (Fig. 3) to illustrate the relationship
between wave propagation and velocity during ruptures, shaking,
and seismic risk. Additionally, Felzer Earthquake Catalogue
movies (Fig. 6 & 7) display earthquakes from 1769 to
2011. Animations of the catalogue reveal the complexity of
seismicity over time. Using SCEC-VDO, vital differences between
the deformation models have been discovered that can only be
seen through virtual representation. These visualizations of
UCERF3 data provide revolutionary 4D animations that can be
used for education, analyses, and earthquake preparedness and
are an essential tool for further development
The UCERF3 Earthquake Catalogue houses the most recent and accurate earthquake data from 1769 to 2011,
including over 60,000 earthquakes with magnitudes 2.5 to 7.9.
Space-Time Animation
Fig. 7a
Fig. 7a
Fig.
Fig. 66
UCERF3 Catalogue images display over 60,000 earthquake
events. Earthquakes are displayed above California with space as a function
of time, and colors correspond to specific magnitudes (Fig. 6). Animations
created with the Space-Time function display Felzer Catalogue earthquakes
with magnitudes 5.0 to 7.9 in both aerial and side views.
UCERF3 fault slip rates are shown by the four deformation models: Averaged Block
Model (ABM), Geologic Block Model (GEOL), NeoKinema (NeoK), and Zeng Buried Dislocation
Model (Zeng) (Fig. 4). Visuals display aerial tours of California, including videos with the four
models simultaneously on the same screen for improved analysis and comparison. For all
models, highest rates of slip (40mm/yr) are found on the San Andreas Fault.
Zeng
Fig. 7b
Videos display this new catalogue to show
seismicity over time. These animations display the
increase in earthquake recording technology and
detection, especially the increase in low magnitude
earthquake recordings in 1932 to 2011 (Fig.7b)
compared 1854 to 1931 (Fig.7a)
Solution Participation Rates
UCERF3 Deformation Models
CyberShake & ShakeMaps
CyberShake Maps display relative displacement (slip) along a fault during
a rupture, and ShakeMaps display shaking intensity after fault movement.
UCERF3 Felzer Earthquake Catalog
Abstract
Faults
Fig.
8 experience certain magnitude earthquakes with high likelihood, and Solution
Participation Rates are the rates at which faults experience earthquakes of a
specific magnitude. For example, the San Andreas is most likely to have
earthquakes of magnitude 6.5 or greater compared to low-magnitude earthquakes.
Fig. 5a
ABM
Zeng
3b
Fig. 3a
Northern
San Andreas
Southern
San Andreas
M8.05
M8.05
Fig. 5b
Fig. 8
GEOL
3c
Videos display participation rates for magnitudes ranging from 6.5 to 8.25 for the
four deformation models in both large-scale California (Fig.8) and areas of interest such
as Los Angeles. Faults change colors corresponding to their rate of participation for a
certain earthquake magnitude.
NeoK
Zeng
3d
CyberShake Maps display relative displacement (slip) along CA faults during
ruptures of a specified magnitude: Elsinore (3a), San Jacinto, San Cayetano, Puente
Hills, Southern San Andreas (3c), Northern San Andreas (3d), and Hayward-Rogers
Creek (3b). Ruptures nucleate from the center of the faults, and magnitudes chosen
have the highest probability of rupture. ShakeMaps for the same magnitude are layered
over the chosen fault and rupture in visualizations.
Fig. 4
SCEC-VDO is an essential tool for detecting differences in slip
rates between the models. Videos show the four models for California,
followed by specific areas of interest (Salton Trough, Eastern California
Shear Zone, San Gorgonio, Los Angeles Region, Santa Barbara Region,
San Francisco Region, and Mendocino). Visual comparison highlights
areas of high slip rate variation between the models such as San
Francisco (Fig. 5a) and Los Angeles (Fig. 5b).
Conclusions and Future Research
Using SCEC Virtual Display of Objects (SCEC-VDO), 45 videos were created to
complete the 2012 Grand Challenge in the Undergraduate Studies in Earthquake
Information Technology (USEIT) summer program. Revolutionary visualizations explore
earthquakes, faults, and physical structures directly related to earthquake hazard and risk,
and collaboration with the programming and GIS teams aided in the display and education
about UCERF3 through video production.
These videos have already been extremely helpful to scientists and researchers
such as the Working Group for California Earthquake Probabilities and the California
Earthquake Authority with large potential for public education. With these videos, important
discoveries have been made about faults in California, seismicity, and UCERF3 itself.
Further research and production should focus on delving deeper into SCEC-VDO
capabilities and exploring the RSQ-simulator, importing and visualizing smoothed
seismicity maps, and increasing integration with Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Acknowledgements: Kevin Milner and Scott Callaghan
www.postersession.com