Central Committee on Intensive Care
Effective date: 1 August 2007
Version 1.0
Tracheostomy(氣管造口)
Document no.: PILIC0062E version1.0
Page 1 of 2
Tracheostomy
Introduction
Tracheostomy is a procedure to create an opening through the neck into the trachea
(windpipe). Its main function is to maintain airway patency and allow breathing support. It may
be temporary or permanent depending on the need.
Indications
y To maintain airway patency
y To facilitate clearance of sputum
y To prevent aspiration of stomach secretions and food into the breathing system
y To allow prolonged breathing support (for example, if tracheal intubation through the
mouth is maintained for more than 2 weeks)
The Procedure
The procedure usually is performed in the intensive care unit, or in the operating suite
under special circumstance.
y Doctors will use anaesthetic to minimize pain and suffering.
y A 1-cm hole is made at the neck below the cricoid cartilage.
y A tracheostomy tube of suitable size is inserted and secured by stitches.
y Connect tracheostomy tube to ventilator to start assisted ventilation after appropriate
mechanical ventilation mode is chosen (see the Patient Information Leaflet “Invasive
Assisted Ventilation”).
y
Risk and Complication
Complication rate associated with tracheostomy is less than 5%. Complications may include:
y
y
y
y
y
y
y
Oozing and bleeding
Tube displacement / dislodgment
Wound infection
Subcutaneous emphysema
Pneumothorax
Tracheal stenosis
Arrhythmia
Before the Procedure
Stop eating or drinking few hours before the procedure as instructed.
y
After the Procedure
X-ray film on chest will be taken to further confirm the position of the tracheostomy tube.
Chest physiotherapy will be arranged to help clear the sputum in lungs and improve
expansion of the lungs.
y Patient will still not be able to speak before the tracheostomy tube is decannulated.
y
y
Follow Up
Tracheostomy tube may be removed when conditions improve.
The wound is usually healed naturally.
y
y
Central Committee on Intensive Care
Effective date: 1 August 2007
Version 1.0
Tracheostomy(氣管造口)
Document no.: PILIC0062E version1.0
Page 2 of 2
Remarks
y The list of complications is not exhaustive and other unforeseen complications may
occasionally occur. In special patient groups, the actual risk may be different. For further
information, please contact your doctor.
y
This leaflet is written in English language with a Chinese translation. If there is any
discrepancy between the English version and its Chinese translation, the English
version prevails.
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