EQ:
How does the amount of applied force affect the distance traveled given the same amount of mass?
EQ:
How does the amount of mass affect the distance traveled given the same amount of applied force?
Graphic
Definition
the amount of matter in an object that causes it to feel heavy or light
Examples:
mass
Mass of an average 10 year old = 32.2 kg
Mass of an average textbook = 1.65 kg
*As long as you stay on earth the difference between weight and mass is more academic than practical. On earth, they are basically the same. However, if you go somewhere with a different amount of gravity, your mass will stay the same and your weight will change
Non­examples:
volume
Graphic
Definition
any push or pull that causes an object to speed up, slow down, stop, or change direction
Examples:
force
Non­examples:
anti­gravity chamber
Graphic
Definition
a force that is applied to an object by a person or another object
Examples:
applied force
Non­examples:
Graphic
Definition
opposing forces that are equal in strength
no change in movement occurs
Examples:
balanced force
Non­examples:
Graphic
Definition
opposing forces in which one is stronger than the other
a change in movement occurs
Examples:
unbalanced force
Non­examples:
Definition
Graphic
the result of two or more forces acting on an object
Examples:
net force
Non­examples:
Graphic
Definition
a unit of measurement for force
1 N = the force that would give 1 kg an acceleration of 1 meter per second
Examples:
Newtons
Non­examples:
Graphic
Definition
increase in the rate of speed of something
Examples:
acceleration
Beginning at 2 mph and increasing your speed to 5 mph
Non­examples:
driving at a steady 60 mph
Graphic
Definition
speed
Examples:
velocity
driving 60 mph (miles per hour)
Non­examples:
standing still
Graphic
Definition
the force that pulls all objects in the universe toward each other
It is affected by mass and distance
Examples:
gravity
• a satellite stays in orbit around the earth
• an apple falls to the ground
Non­examples:
friction
Graphic
Definition
the speed at which an object falls
last
first
Examples:
fall rate
• objects with a greater surface area take longer to fall because of air resistance
Non­examples:
not falling
Graphic
Definition
the force of air pressing on an object
air: a push that slows it down
Examples:
air resistance
• no air resistance = all objects fall at the same speed
• with air resistance = objects with more surface area fall more slowly
Non­examples:
a vacuum
Fall Rates LAB
test 1
test 2
test 3 average
least
surface paper wad
area
most
surface area
flat paper
How does surface area affect the rate at which an object falls in an area with air resistance?
1. During a baseball game, some batters hit the ball a very long distance. other batters hit the ball only a few feet.
What is the main reason that the ball travels at a different distance for each batter?
A. The color of the bat determines how far the ball will go.
B. Some batters hit left­handed, and some hit right handed.
C. The batters hit the ball with different amounts of force.
D. The ball travels farther when the Sun is in the batter's eyes.
2. An object with a mass of 5 kg was pushed with a force of 50 N. The object moved 20 meters.
If the same object is pushed with a force of 20 N, how far will the object move?
A. . The object will move more than 20 meters.
B. The object will move exactly 20 meters.
C. The object will not move.
D. The object will move less than 20 meters.
3. Kira and Latonya are going to have a watermelon rolling contest. Each girl has to push her watermelon 8 meters to the finish line. Kira's watermelon has a mass of 4 kg. Latonya's watermelon has a mass of 3 kg.
If each girl pushes her watermelon with the same amount of force, which girl will cross the finish line first?
A. Latonya will cross the finish line first.
B. Both girls will cross the finish line at the same time.
C. Kira will cross the finish line first.
D. There is not enough information to tell who will win.
4. An object with a mass of 20kg will move __ an object with a mass of 20g if the same amount of force is placed on both objects.
A. a smaller distance than B. a greater distance than
C. Neither object will move at all
D. the same distance as
5. Jacob pushed a box of books across the garage floor, and the box moved forward.
When the box stopped moving, Jacob rested for a moment, then pushed the box again. This time the box moved forward, but farther and faster than the first time.
What kind of force did Jacob put on the box the second time?
A. a pull with less force
B. a push with less force
C. a pull with more force
D. a push with more force
6. In science class, the teacher asks Ally to predict which object would move the most if she pushed all the objects with the same amount of force. Which object should Ally choose?
A. the 200 g orange
B. the 5 g marble
C.the 800 g ball
D. the 2 kg rock
7. Katie and her friends were jumping on a trampoline. They all jumped the same height, but Katie hit the trampoline with the most force.
Which of the following can be concluded from the information above?
A. Katie has the same mass as the other girls.
B. Nothing can be concluded.
C. Katie has the least mass.
D. Katie has the most mass.
STUDY GUIDE
1. Know all definitions 2. Know the key factors in determining the fall rate of an object:
*larger surface area falls the slowest due to air resistance.
3. Be able to calculate net force.
4. Be able to recognize examples of balanced and unbalanced forces
5. Be able to predict the distance an object will travel when given the amount of force used to move the object, the mass of the object, and/or whether the object is on a flat plane or a slope.
*FLAT PLANE: more force is required to move an object with more mass
more force is required to move an object a greater distance
an object with less mass will travel farther
*SLOPE: an object with more mass will travel farther due to momentum
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