Just-Do-It
Take a minute to look at the two
pictures below. Write a few
sentences describing how the
artists viewed slavery.
THE SOUTH
BIG QUESTION
 What are the characteristics of the South that
caused tensions of the Civil War?
lonebearimagesprose.blogspot.com/2012/09/the-civil-war-in-west-part-one.html
SOL’s and Themes
 SOL
 USI.9- The student will demonstrate knowledge of the
causes, major events, and effects of the Civil War by


a) describing the cultural, economic, and constitutional issues
that divided the nation.
b) explaining how the issues of states’ rights and slavery
increased sectional tensions
 Themes:
 Culture
 Individuals, Groups, and Institutions
Today’s Goals!
 Students will be able to identify the arguments made
by the Southern concerning slavery, economics, and
states' rights.
 Students will be to explain why Southern culture
would cause tensions.
blog.inceptsaves.com
Vocabulary
 Sectionalism- excessive or narrow-minded concern for
local or regional interests as opposed to the
interests of the nation
 Slavery- people being held as property by other
people, usually making them do work.
 Rural- an area with few homes or people
Vocabulary
 Agricultural- growing crops and raising animals
 State’s Rights- the rights belonging to the various
states, especially with reference to
the strict interpretation of the
constitution, by which all rights not
delegated by the Constitution to the
federal government belong to the
states.
Four Main Topics of the South
 Culture
 Slavery
 Economics
 State’s Rights
http://the-old-tram-house-stirling.oldhousess.com/old-southern-plantation-house-plans/
Southern Culture
 A majority of people lived in a rural environment
 Only 29% of the nation’s population lived in the South.
 People could be found living on plantations or small
farms.
Southern Culture
 There were only a few large
cities.
 The biggest city was New
Orleans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans_in_the_American_Civil_War
Southern Culture
 Politically, a majority of people in the South belonged
to the Democrat Party.
John C.
Calhoun
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Calhoun
Southern Culture
 Only 1/3 of people in the South owned slaves
 The rest of people tended to live on small farms.
http://153.9.241.55/atlanticworld/afterslavery/chapter3.html
Southern Slavery
 People in the South saw African Americans as
property.
http://www.nps.gov/liho/historyculture/slavery.htm
Southern Slavery
 Three arguments that were used to defend slavery
 Slaves not as intelligent
 Protecting slaves from a cruel word
 White’s are the superior race
Southern Slavery
 Slaves are not as intelligent
 If then it is consistent with science, to believe that the
mind will be great in proportion to the size and figure of
the brain: it is equally reasonable to suppose, that the
acknowledged meanness of the negroe's intellect, only
coincides with the shape of his head; or in other words,
that his want of capability to receife a complicated
education renders it improper and impotitic, that he should
be allowed the privileges of citizenship in an enlightened
country!
 Colfax's Evidence Against the Views of the Abolitionists,
Consisting of Physical and Moral Proofs, of the Natural
Inferiority of the Negroes (1833)
Southern Slavery
 Protecting slaves from a cruel word
 Slavery is that system of labour which exchanges
subsistence for work, which secures a life-maintenance
from the master to the slave, and gives a life-labour from
the slave to the master. The slave is an apprentice for life,
and owes his labour to his master; the master owes
support, during life, to the slave. Slavery is the negro
system of labour. He is lazy and improvident. Slavery
makes all work, and it ensures homes, food and clothing
for all. It permits no ideless, and it provides for sickness,
infancy and old age. It allows no tramping or skulking, and
it knows no pauperism.
 William John Grayson's The Hireling and the Slave
Southern Slavery
 White’s are the superior race
 "My own convictions as to negro slavery are
strong. It has its evils and abuses...We recognize
the negro as God and God's Book and God's Laws,
in nature, tell us to recognize him - our inferior,
fitted expressly for servitude...You cannot
transform the negro into anything one-tenth as
useful or as good as what slavery enables them to
be.“
 Jefferson Davis
Southern Economics
 The South had an agricultural economy
 The South contained 84 percent of the large farms.
 Those large farms are called plantations.

These plantations ran off slave labor.
http://stfm.astate.edu/enslaved.html
Southern Economy
 Two of the South’s major exports included:
 Tobacco
 Cotton
http://scienceline.org/2010/06/tobacco-plant-could-get-new-gig/
http://georgiaag.com/?page_id=97
The South and State’s Rights
 The argument about state’s rights is all about who has
the power too make decisions about different issues.
 Southerners believed the Constitution was not a
binding document.
 The South believed the State’s had the right to make
decisions about the following issues:


Slavery
Secession
Framing Activity
 Directions:
 Break into four groups
 Each group is assigned a major topic of today’s lesson.

Culture, Slavery, Economy, State’s Rights
 The groups will fill in the frame using their slot notes
 The groups will then come back together and share their
findings with the class.

As a class we will complete the Frame
Key Topic
The FRAME Routine
is about…
its characteristics that pushed the country toward the Civil War
Main idea
Culture
Essential details
Main idea
Slavery
Essential details
Main idea
Economics
Essential details
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Main idea
States’ Rights
Essential details
Closure
 Exit Cards
 On a note card, list the four main issues in the South
that we discussed in class today.
 Turn them in before you leave the classroom.
HAVE A GREAT DAY!