Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates can be broken down into three categories based on the number of sugars.
1 sugar present is called a _________________. The three main types of monosaccharides are ___________________,
___________________, ______________________.
2 sugars present is called a __________________. The three main types of disaccharides are __________(glucose + fructose),
___________(glucose + galactose) and ____________(glucose + glucose).
Multiple sugars connected is called a __________________. List the 4 main types of polysaccharides and their functions:
The link that joins sugar molecules together is called a __________________. When two molecules are joined together, it is
called ___________________ reaction because a _____________ molecule is lost.
Draw a rough sketch of what a polysaccharide would look like.
Lipids
Lipids can be broken down into 4 categories
1.
________________ are fats and oils. They contain ______ fatty acid chains attached to a ________ molecule. They
can be _____________, ____________, ___________ Saturated fats do/do not have a double bond, are solids/liquids
at room temperature, and typically come from animals/plants. An example is ____________. Unsaturated fats do/do
not have double bonds, are solids/liquids at room temperature, and typically come from animals/plants. An example
is _____________. Draw the difference between a saturated and unsaturated fat.
2.
___________________ consist of ____ fatty acid chains and 1 ____________ group attached to a glycerol molecule. It
has a polar and a nonpolar region making it _____________. Phospholipids make up our
_________________________. Draw what a phospholipid looks like.
3.
__________ are 4 linked carbon rings. They consist of _________________ and __________. Draw what a steroid
looks like.
4.
_________ are used for protection.
Proteins
Proteins have many functions. Some functions include ________________, ________________,
___________________, ___________________, __________________, __________________.
Proteins are made up of monomers called _____________ and through ______________ create polymers called
__________________.
There are 4 levels of protein structure. For each level, write a brief description and draw a rough sketch of what that
level of structure looks like.
Primary 
Secondary 
Tertiary 
Quaternary 
Nucleic Acids
The two main types of nucleic acids are __________ and ______________. They are each polymers made up from the monomer
of a ______________. A nucleotide consists of 3 parts: ____________, __________________, _________________. There are 5
types of bases. The purines are ________ ring structures and include _______________ and _______________. The pyrimidines
are ______ ring structures and include _____________, _________________, and _______________. Draw the difference
between a purine and pyrimidine below. Be sure to include all parts of the nucleotide.
The 3 ways in which DNA/RNA differ is that
1.
,
2.
.
3.
.
Draw a DNA molecule vs. an RNA molecule, ensuring to highlight these differences.