Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
MOVEMENT OF PEOPLES
THE PARKHURST APPRENTICESHIP SCHEME IN WA
YEAR 9 STUDENT RESOURCE
POINTS TO THINK ABOUT AFTER YOUR VISIT TO THE FBLEP
Review the points below and your previous answers with a partner or in a small group and
then discuss them with your class.
INSTRUCTIONS:
Read the sentences below and mark them True or False.
1. The Old Court House is the oldest building in the City of Perth.
True / False
2. The Old Court House was built by convicts.
True / False
3. Convicts first arrived in WA in 1829.
True / False
4. Aboriginal Peoples had established lores (laws) before the British colonised WA.
True / False
5. Capital punishment was abolished in WA in 1984.
True / False
6. British law did not apply to Aboriginal Peoples in the early days of the WA Colony.
True / False
7. Children and adults were treated differently by the courts and the law in WA from 1829.
True / False
8. From 1829 adults aged 18 or older were sent to Western Australia to work for the British
colonists.
True / False
9. The Old Court House had other functions as well as being a court house.
True / False
10. A significant problem that the colonists faced for many years was a labour shortage, i.e.
there were not enough people in the colony to carry out the all of the work that needed to
be done.
True / False
LANGUAGE ACTIVITY
Describe in your own words the meaning of apprentice and convict (You may wish to use to
a dictionary, however note down the meaning in your own words).
1. Apprentice: ____________________________________________________________
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2. Convict: _______________________________________________________________
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DISCUSSION POINTS
Discuss the points below in small groups and be ready to report your thoughts to the class.
1. Were the Parkhurst boys really convicts that were just called apprentices?
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2. Why did they call the Parkhurst boys apprentices?
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3. Is there any connection between the Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme stopping in 1849
and convicts being transported to WA in 1850? Explain with reasons.
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4. Why did the colonists allow the apprenticeship scheme into WA?
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5. Why did the colonists allow convicts to come to WA in 1850?
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
______________________________________________________________________
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6. What do you think of the Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme? Explain with reasons.
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7. Would it be possible to have a similar scheme nowadays? If no, why not?
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PRESENTATION OR ESSAY (see Appendix 1 & 2 for student task sheets)
PRESENTATION
From the perspective of either:
• the Parkhurst boy that your object/s matched;
• one of the free settlers in the Swan River Colony; or
• from your own personal perspective describe the Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme and
how that person, or you, view the Scheme in comparison to the views of others
Prepare a 3-5min digital oral presentation that includes historical interpretation on the
Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme. Include the following in your digital oral presentation:
• Historical details relating to the Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme, e.g. The Parkhurst
Apprenticeship Scheme began in WA in 1842.
• The presenter’s perspective on the scheme in comparison to other perspectives.
• Where appropriate incorporate graphics into your presentation.
• Ensure your sources are appropriately referenced.
OR
ESSAY
Choose one of the following essay topics to prepare a 500-600 word argumentative essay:
:
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
1. “The Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme was an unjust form of indentured labour.”
DISCUSS
OR
2.
“The Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme was an opportunity for young boys to learn
valuable skills to enable them to avoid a life of crime.” DISCUSS
OR
3. “The Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme was a good model on how to reform troubled
youth.” DO YOU AGREE?
Your essay should include:
• Historical details relating to the Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme, e.g. The Parkhurst
Apprenticeship Scheme began in WA in 1842.
• The writer’s perspective on the scheme in comparison to other perspectives.
• Where appropriate incorporate graphics into your essay.
• Ensure your sources are appropriately referenced.
You will have to use your imagination and what you know and have learned about the
Parkhurst Scheme and the colonisation of Western Australia.
MULTIMODAL PRESENTATION (see Appendix 3 for sample student task sheet)
Complete the following tasks and create a multimodal presentation:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
A brief biography or podcast of either an Indigenous person or group you have studied.
An imaginative piece based on the Parkhurst Apprenticeship character studied during
the FBLEP tour.
A Timeline of some significant people and events that occurred during the first contacts
between the British People and the Indigenous People
Any other information that you might like to include in your presentation. For example,
your own reflections or information researched from the pre-visit activity.
A reference list.
Present your multimodal report to the class in digital format.
The format for the presentation could be a website, television news interviews, or
interactive web-based games. The following programmes could be used to assist the
students in this task www.freewebs.com or Audacity.
OPTIONAL ACTIVITIES
THE STANDARD OF PROOF
Rewrite the text in italics below in your own words.
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Education Programme
The Standard of Proof for Criminal Matters in WA: to find someone guilty of a crime you
must be satisfied beyond reasonable doubt.
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The standard of proof for criminal matters in WA, as shown above, is often described as the
highest standard known to the law.
1. Why do you think the standard of proof is so high for criminal matters in WA?
______________________________________________________________________
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JOHN GAVEN TRIAL RE-ENACTMENT
Read the sentences below and mark them true or false.
1. John Gaven was accused of the murder of Thomas Pollard.
True / False
2. The trial of John Gaven was held at the Old Court House in 1844.
True / False
3. John Gaven was found guilty of the murder of George Pollard.
True / False
4. John Gaven was sentenced to juvenile detention and was moved to an adult prison
when he became 18.
True / False
5. Children (juveniles) and adults appear in different courts in Western Australia nowadays.
True / False
6. John Gaven was the second European person to be executed in Western Australia.
True / False
7. It is still possible for the Supreme Court of Western Australia to sentence people who
have been found guilty of murder to capital punishment.
True / False
GENERAL QUESTION
1. What was your reaction to the real verdict in the trial of John Gaven? Was he guilty or
not guilty in your opinion? Why?
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
APPENDIX 1
Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme
Year 9 Presentation
1
'Interior of the court' Illustrated London News 1847
TASK
Take the role of the Parkhurst boy that your object/s matched from the FBLEP Tour and
prepare a short 3-5min digital oral presentation that includes historical interpretation on that
boy’s experience in the Parkhurst Scheme. You will have to use your imagination and what
you know and have learned about the Parkhurst Scheme and the colonisation of Western
Australia. Ensure that you reference all your sources appropriately.
Ideas to think about
• A Parkhurst Scheme boy’s name
• The nickname you gave the boy
• The age of the boy when he was transported
• The reason why he was transported
• His job before being transported
• His experience being transported by ship to WA
• Impressions of the Aboriginal people, the colonists, the
environment, and/or the animals after arriving in WA
• A description of the family that he had to work for
• The type of work he had to carry out
• His thoughts on the ‘apprenticeship’ scheme, i.e. good or bad?
• Where appropriate incorporate graphics.
• Ensure your sources are appropriately referenced.
Illustrated London News,
13 March 1847
1
Google Images, IOW: Parkhurst Prison: Ct, original antique print, 1847, <http://www.antiquaprintgallery.com/iow-parkhurstprison-ct-original-antique-print-1847-101582-p.asp>.
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
Add any other details which you think are appropriate.
As your presentation is in digital format, aim to present to the class for 3-5 minutes.
2
Google Images, Parkhurst Prison, <http://www.kenscott.com/prisons/parkhurst1847.htm>.
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2
Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
Concepts to think about:
Transportation by ship from England to WA took approximately 4 months
• What would the children have experienced during that trip?
• How would they have felt about being transported to WA?
Arriving in WA between 1842-1849
• How different would the environment of WA have been to that of their hometowns?
o Would the flora and fauna have been the same or different from that of their
hometowns?
o How about the climate? The same or different from that in England?
o Would there have been many public buildings, shops, houses, theatres etc in WA
at that time?
The following hyperlinks may help to picture what life would have been like for the Parkhurst
boys:
‘The Foundation of Perth’ 3 painting by George Pitt Morrison
‘Settlement of the Swan’ 4 by Ruth Marchant James which includes numerous pictures of
Perth in the early days of the colony
Indentured Labour = a legally binding contract where an employee must work for an
employer for a set period of time after which the employee gains his/her freedom. If an
apprentice disobeyed his employer he could be sentenced to hard labour in a court of law.
•
3
4
Quite a few of the Parkhurst boys apprenticeships (i.e. their indentured labour contracts)
were for longer periods than their original sentence.
o How would those boys have felt?
o Does this seem fair?
o What reasons could there have been for making the apprenticeships longer than
the original sentence the boy had received? (The colonists, i.e. the employers,
needed the labour.)
Museum of Australian Democracy, Documenting a Democracy,<http://foundingdocs.gov.au/picturealbum-aid-9.html>.
Heritage Perth, The Birth of Perth, <http://heritageperth.com.au/discovery/the-birth-of-perth/>.
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
APPENDIX 2
Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme
Year 9 Argumentative Essay
5
'Interior of the court' Illustrated London News 1847
TASK
Choose one of the following essay topics to prepare a 500-600 word argumentative essay:
1. “The Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme was an unjust form
of indentured labour.” DISCUSS
OR
2. “The Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme was an opportunity
for young boys to learn valuable skills to enable them to avoid
a life of crime.” DISCUSS
OR
3. “The Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme was a good model
on how to reform troubled youth.” DO YOU AGREE?
Your essay should include:
• Historical details relating to the Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme,
e.g. The Parkhurst Apprenticeship Scheme began in WA in 1842.
• The writer’s perspective on the scheme in comparison
to other perspectives.
• Where appropriate incorporate graphics into your essay.
Illustrated London News,
13 March 1847
6
•
Ensure your sources are appropriately referenced.
Add any other details which you think are appropriate.
5
Google Images, IOW: Parkhurst Prison: Ct, original antique print, 1847, <http://www.antiquaprintgallery.com/iow-parkhurstprison-ct-original-antique-print-1847-101582-p.asp>.
6
Google Images, Parkhurst Prison, <http://www.kenscott.com/prisons/parkhurst1847.htm>.
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
Concepts to think about:
Transportation by ship from England to WA took approximately 4 months
• What would the children have experienced during that trip?
• How would they have felt about being transported to WA?
Arriving in WA between 1842-1849
• How different would the environment of WA have been to that of their hometowns?
o Would the flora and fauna have been the same or different from that of their
hometowns?
o How about the climate? The same or different from that in England?
o Would there have been many public buildings, shops, houses, theatres etc in WA
at that time?
The following hyperlinks may help to picture what life would have been like for the Parkhurst
boys:
‘The Foundation of Perth’ 7 painting by George Pitt Morrison
‘Settlement of the Swan’ 8 by Ruth Marchant James which includes numerous pictures of
Perth in the early days of the colony
Indentured Labour = a legally binding contract where an employee must work for an
employer for a set period of time after which the employee gains his/her freedom. If an
apprentice disobeyed his employer he could be sentenced to hard labour in a court of law.
•
7
8
Quite a few of the Parkhurst boys apprenticeships (i.e. their indentured labour contracts)
were for longer periods than their original sentence.
o How would those boys have felt?
o Does this seem fair?
o What reasons could there have been for making the apprenticeships longer than
the original sentence the boy had received? (The colonists, i.e. the employers,
needed the labour.)
Museum of Australian Democracy, Documenting a Democracy,<http://foundingdocs.gov.au/picturealbum-aid-9.html>.
Heritage Perth, The Birth of Perth, <http://heritageperth.com.au/discovery/the-birth-of-perth/>.
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Francis Burt Law
Education Programme
APPENDIX 3
The Making of the Modern World
Year 9 Multimodal Presentation
‘Stirling Gardens Perth 2013’ Photo courtesy of Justin Tonti-Filippini
TASK
Complete the following tasks and create a multimodal presentation:
a)
A brief biography or podcast of either an Indigenous person or group you have studied.
Students may choose to write about Yagan, Weewar, Midgeegooroo, Jandamarra,
or a general overview of the Noongar People and the impact of the first contacts
with the British are other options the students may choose to write about.
There are a number of websites available on how to make a podcast on the
internet.
b)
An imaginative piece based on the Parkhurst Apprenticeship character studied during
the FBLEP tour.
c)
A Timeline of some significant people and events that occurred during the first contacts
between the British People and the Indigenous People
Students can use the information from their pre-visit activity and also refer to the
timelines from the Kaartdijin Noongar – Sharing Noongar Culture website.
d)
Any other information that you might like to include in your presentation. For example,
your own reflections or information researched from the pre-visit activity.
e)
A reference list.
f)
Present your multimodal report to the class in digital format.
The format for the presentation could be a website, television news interviews, or
interactive web-based games. The following programmes could be used to assist the
students in this task www.freewebs.com or Audacity.
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