March 21, 2012
Diagram of stages of mitosis
prophase
metaphase
interphase
anaphase
telophase
Word bank
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Definitions:
haploid
diploid
homologous chromosomes
gamete
linked genes
eugenics
tetrad
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a. How does meiosis explain the law of independent assortment?
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b. How does meiosis explain the law of segregation?
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c. Why is meiosis necessary?
* to make gametes for reproduction
* must reduce number of chromosomes by 1/2 (one of
each homologous pair) so that zygote will have right
number of chromosomes
d. What cells undergo meiosis?
only those making sex cells
e. What cells undergo mitosis?
any somatic cells that need to make new cells for growth,
repair, or replacement (heal a cut, replace blood cells, etc.)
f. Why is mitosis necessary?
daughter cells must have exact copy of parent cell's DNA
so new cells can function properly within the body
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g. Why use such a complicated process as meiosis?
Why not just cut the cell in half arbitrarily?
It's important to have correct chromosomes in the
gametes. There must be one and only one of each
homologous chromosome in the gametes, so the zygotes
will have two of each.
Meiosis is a carefully choreographed process that
ensures that the resulting gametes have the right
chromosomes. It's almost mistake-proof.
h. Why are linked genes inherited together?
They are on the same chromosome so they travel
together.
i. Only mutations that take place in sex cells will affect the
next generation. Why?
Those are the only cells that pass down genes to the
next generation.
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j. How does sexual reproduction provide more variety in a species than
asexual reproduction?
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