Broad Base. Best Solutions.
Graphite Materials and Systems
Specialty
Carbon and
Graphite Yarns
for Compression
Packings
2
Specialty Graphite and Process
Solutions – made by SGL Group.
̃̃ Advanced material, equipment,
and process solutions
̃̃ Engineered for customers from
more than 35 industries
̃̃ Tailor-made from the most
comprehensive product portfolio
̃̃ In-depth production and
material knowledge
̃̃ Consistent high quality, performance,
and service
̃̃ Attractive total cost of ownership
Broad Base. Best Solutions.
3
Business Unit Graphite Materials and Systems
Advanced solutions
enable our customers
to get ahead.
SGL Group offers advanced solutions – even for challenging applications.
We understand the specific requirements of our customers and combine
in-depth production, material, and engineering knowledge with the most
comprehensive specialty graphite portfolio. This makes us the partner of
choice to leading companies in many different industries.
Exceptional resistance to heat and corrosion, high
SGL Group covers the entire value chain of
purity and mechanical strength are just a few of
specialty graphite production, including raw
the outstanding properties which our materials
material processing, semi-finished product
offer. Specialty graphite products from SGL Group
manufacture, precision machining, purification,
achieve optimal results where other materials fail.
and coating. When it comes to engineering of
No matter what your specific requirements might
equipment and process solutions our service
be, we will identify the best solution from the most
range makes the difference: We offer mechanical
comprehensive range of specialty graphites.
and process design, production, assembly, commissioning, and service – all from a one-stop shop.
̃̃ Fine grain graphite: isostatic, vibrationmolded, die-molded, extruded
This is how we control and ensure the consistent
̃̃ Expanded natural graphite
high quality, reliability, and performance of our
̃̃ Carbon fiber-reinforced carbon (C/C)
products – and enable our customers to become
̃̃ Soft and rigid graphite felts
more competitive. Challenge us. We are there for
̃̃ Silicon carbide-coated graphite materials
you worldwide.
Additionally we use other materials like PTFE,
silicon carbide, and specialty metals.
Specialty carbon and graphite yarns for
compression packings
With our portfolio and technical know-how
Innovative solutions for compression packings are
spanning more than 35 different industries,
essential for the challenging processes in refineries,
we engineer tailor-made solutions in close
chemical and power plants. Our expertise in
partnership with our customers.
materials and applications and the wide range of
b Winding of finished coated PAN yarns
products we offer make us a sought-after partner
of leading companies.
4
Specialty graphites – made by SGL Group.
Solutions for compression packings.
Materials working in aggressive environments whether it is
an essential role in ensuring people‘s safety, efficient plant
high temperature and highly oxidizing conditions, high pres-
and equipment operation and environmental protection.
sure, chemically aggressive or abrasive fluid media play
Static equipment
Typical applications
Valves
Materials made of
carbon and graphite
SIGRAFLEX yarns
SIGRAFLEX® flexible graphite
Products
of the SGL Group
Carbon yarns
Graphite yarns
Foil yarns
Graphite foils
Reinforced and unreinforced graphite sheets
Specialty graphite solutions for Compression Packings
5
Besides SIGRAFLEX foils and sheets for sealing applications,
Whatever the requirement of an application for a packing
SGL Group also offers a broad portfolio of different
yarn might be, SGL Group’s yarns portfolio contains the
SIGRA­FLEX yarns used for compression packings.
product to meet those needs.
Compression packings for sealing rotary or reciprocating
For example flexible graphite packings produced from
equipment made from SIGRAFLEX yarns play an important
SIGRAFLEX APX2 yarn allow for almost universal plant wide
role in many industries including:
use. Braiders are able to secure approval for their respective
braided gland packing based on SIGRAFLEX APX2 yarn to
̃̃ Refining
API, API Firesafe and BAM (for gaseous oxygen applications)
̃̃ Chemicals and petrochemicals
standards.
̃̃ Power generation including nuclear power generation
̃̃ Pulp and paper
̃̃ Mining
̃̃ Waste water and service industries
̃̃ Military
+ SIGRAFINE® is the new brand name for our
fine-grain ­graphites, previously known under
the names RINGSDORFF®, SIGRAFORM®,
SIGRAMENT® and ­CRYSTA-SIL®.
Rotary and reciprocating equipment
Pumps
Agitators
Mixers
SIGRAFLEX yarns
SIGRAFLEX® flexible graphite
SIGRAFINE® die-molded, isostatic carbon and graphite
Carbon yarns
Graphite yarns
Foil yarns
Graphite foils
Reinforced and unreinforced graphite sheets
Seal rings
Bearings
+ More information can be found at
www.sigraflex.com
6
SIGRAFLEX carbon and
graphite packing yarns
Our product portfolio covers a wide range
of different packing yarns varying in
̃̃ Precursor
̃̃ Carbon content
̃̃ Number of plies or filaments
̃̃ Twist
̃̃ Coating
This allows us to always identify the best
solution for your packing requirements
and enables you to most effectively meet
the sealing demands of your process to
become more competitive.
CARBON AND GRAPHITE YARNS
7
Specialty carbon and graphite yarns
for compression packings
Compression packings made from SIGRAFLEX specialty
End users also benefit from compression packings construct-
carbon and graphite yarns are among the most versatile
ed from highest quality and purity SIGRAFLEX yarns since
packing materials offering a unique combination of proper-
they offer reduced process contamination and longer service
ties such as superior sealability and heat dissipation. They
lives.
perform in high temperatures and are almost chemically inert.
In addition the packings show high speed capability as well
The comprehensive SIGRAFLEX yarns portfolio for braided
as very good resilience and abrasion resistance. Also they are
packings ranges from continuous filament yarns grades made
not prone to softening or extrusion at high temperatures.
from precursors such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and rayon to
staple fiber PAN yarns and flexible graphite foil yarns reinforced with INCONEL wire. SGL Group offers both carbon
and graphite yarn grades with various yarn weights, number
b Packing rings made of yarns
of plies, twists, and coatings.
SGL Group’s yarn portfolio
Precursor
Product
characteristics
PAN
PAN
stretch broken
PAN
PAN
stretch broken
Rayon
Carbon
Carbon
Graphite
Graphite
Graphite
Graphite
%
≥ 94
≥ 94
≥ 99
≥ 99
≥ 99.9
≥ 98-99.85
° C
< 400
< 400
< 500
< 500
< 450
< 580
° F
< 752
< 752
< 932
< 932
< 842
< 1076
2-12
2-12
1-14
1-14
1-14
0-14
very high
high
very high
high
moderate
low
S, Z, ribbon
S, Z
S, Z
S, Z
S, Z
Units
Type
Carbon content²⁾
Temperature³⁾
pH range⁴⁾
Tensile strength
Twist
Graphite foil¹⁾
¹⁾ Data of wire reinforced foil yarn unless otherwise stated
²⁾ Base yarn without coating / reinforcement
³⁾ Temperature limits are based on yarns without coating and need to be understood as approximate maximum limits. At operating temperatures
close to the given values life time might be limited depending on chemical resistance, actual equipment temperatures, operating conditions
and design. Please check our technical guidelines regarding thermal stability and ask for advice for temperatures close to the limit.
4⁾ Operating conditions, depending on media
8
SIGRAFLEX carbon and
graphite packing yarns
provide many advantages
̃̃ High thermal conductivity
̃̃ Outstanding chemical resistance
̃̃ Enhanced oxidation resistance
̃̃ High temperature resistance
̃̃ High degree of purity
̃̃ High mechanical strength
̃̃ High compressibility and flexibility
̃̃ Low friction characteristics
̃̃ Extended service life, leakage control
and reduced packing maintenance
CARBON AND GRAPHITE YARNS
9
SIGRAFLEX carbon and graphite
fiber yarns
Enhanced oxidation protection, chemical and thermal resistance.
c SIGRAFLEX PAN yarn
c SIGRAFLEX rayon yarn
Braided packings manufactured from SIGRAFLEX carbon and
Graphite yarns on the other hand feature a higher carbon
graphite fiber yarns have proven to be an effective solution
content and a higher ordered crystal structure. This leads
to various established sealing applications. Without doubt
to packings showing improved lubricity as well as higher
the yarn is responsible for extending the performance of the
thermal conductivity supporting dissipation of frictional
packed gland.
heat. Also graphite fiber yarns exhibit a higher thermal
stability in comparison to carbon fiber yarns.
Our fiber yarns provide enhanced corrosion and oxidation
protection, as well as excellent chemical and thermal resis-
Compression packings made from carbon and graphite yarns
tance and therefore ensure greater reliability and longer
offer distinct advantages over the mechanical seal with
service life of the packing.
regards to cost, space, product selection, installation, maintenance, and trouble-shooting. For example with careful
To cover the many compression packing applications
adjustment a packed gland can usually be kept running until
SGL Group offers a comprehensive portfolio of different
it is convenient for the plant to be stopped and the compres-
yarn qualities and types. For example carbon fiber yarns
sion packing replaced thus avoiding untimely, expensive and
display excellent mechanical strength and toughness.
inconvenient shutdowns.
Compression packings made from them are highly resistant
to abrasive media and have the ability to handle high compressive loads.
b SIGRAFLEX carbon and graphite fiber yarns
10
SIGRAFLEX fiber yarns are also easy to handle. They allow
a variety of coatings and finishings to be applied serving not
only to aid the braiding process but also enhance the ultimate
sealability whilst reducing frictional heat. Coatings available
with SGL Group fiber yarns include graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or combinations of these as well as highpurity graphite for nuclear and military applications.
c SIGRAFLEX PAN stretch broken yarn
Material data for our SIGRAFLEX carbon standard yarns¹⁾
Typical properties
Test Methods
Units
Precursor
Coating
Carbon content²⁾
Ash content
Moisture content
LCC21TG49-X
CHT-07S1-LT5
CHF-08Z1-LT5
CSP9TG18-X S
Continuous filament
ribbon yarn
Continuous filament
twisted yarn
Continuous filament
twisted yarn
Stretch broken
twisted yarn
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
Graphite, PTFE³⁾
Graphite, PTFE
Graphite, PTFE
Graphite, PTFE
ASTM D5373
%
≥ 94
≥ 94
≥ 94
≥ 94
ASTM C561
%
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.5
ASTM C562
%
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.5
Density
ASTM D3800
g/cm3
1.85
1.83
1.83
1.82
Linear weight
ASTM D1907
g/m
1.40
0.70
0.83
1.85
kg
45
22
27
50
lb
100
50
60
110
%
43
Break strength
ASTM D2256
Coating content
Twist
ASTM D1423
TPI
TPM
Available twists
¹⁾ Other grades are available on request
²⁾ Base yarn without coating ³⁾ Material can be ordered also with additional black pigment coating
42
13
18
1.8
1.5
1.2
72
59
47
S, Z
S, Z
S, Z
CARBON AND GRAPHITE YARNS
11
c SIGRAFLEX PAN yarn
c SIGRAFLEX rayon yarn
c SIGRAFLEX PAN stretch broken yarn
Material data for our SIGRAFLEX graphite standard yarns¹⁾
Typical properties
Test Methods
Units
Precursor
Coating
GHF08-S1-LT5
GMCP21-G8-S
GSP3T5-S(500)
GPF14-S17-LT5
Continuous
filament yarn
Continuous
filament yarn
Stretch broken
twisted yarn
Continuous
filament yarn
PAN
PAN
PAN
Rayon
Graphite, PTFE
Graphite
Graphite, PTFE
Graphite, PTFE
ASTM D5373
%
≥ 99
≥ 99
≥ 99
≥ 99.9
Ash content
ASTM C561
%
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.5
≤ 0.1
Moisture content
ASTM C562
%
≤ 1.0
≤ 1.0
≤ 1.0
≤ 1.0
Density
ASTM D3800
g/cm3
1.67
1.78
1.73
1.48
Linear weight
ASTM D1907
g/m
0.88
0.88
1.70
1.60
kg
45
45
45
14
lb
100
100
100
30
Carbon content²⁾
Break strength
ASTM D2256
Coating content
Twist
ASTM D1423
Available twists
%
14
8
5
15
TPI
1.2
1.8
1.7
1.6
TPM
47
71
65
63
S, Z
S, Z
S, Z
S, Z
¹⁾ Other grades are available on request
²⁾ Base yarn without coating
12
SIGRAFLEX foil yarns
For high temperature, high oxidation, and high corrosion environments.
We manufacture foil yarns from SIGRAFLEX APX2 foil offering
maximum protection against oxidation, SIGRAFLEX Z and
SIGRAFLEX HP foil with very low ash contents, and SIGRA­
FLEX E grade foil. These yarns meet today’s higher performance
specifications and latest purity levels.
The oxidation rate of SIGRAFLEX APX2 foil in air is ≤ 1 %
weight loss per hour at 670° C (1238 ° F). As a consequence,
SIGRAFLEX APX2 yarn provides the highest oxidation
resistance compared to any other braidable flexible graphite
yarn and therefore ensures the compression packing‘s greater
reliability and longer service life.
c SIGRAFLEX APX2 yarn
Due to the low level of impurities of the base foil,
SIGRAFLEX APX2 yarn is of high purity meeting stringent
performance requirements.
Even higher purity yarns with lower halogen levels based on
SIGRAFLEX Z and HP foils are available which meet the purity
and performance requirements of the nuclear industry.
The flexible graphite yarn itself combines the well established
low friction characteristics with a flexibility and resilience
that braiders and end users request. It also exhibits excellent
chemical resistance pH range 0 – 14, it is non-hardening due
to the absence of binders and glues, and possesses a high
thermal conductivity thus enabling the efficient transfer of
frictional heat energy away.
CARBON AND GRAPHITE YARNS
13
SIGRAFLEX flexible graphite foil is over knitted with a corrosion resistant 100 µm diameter INCONEL wire providing
superior tensile strength and pliability as well as pressure and
extrusion resistance. The wire is specially treated as not to
adversely affect the high purity properties and high temperature performance of the flexible graphite yarn or the braided
packing made from it.
APX2 foil yarn is made in two different weights (4 g/m or
6 g/m) to suit the broadest possible range of packing cross
sections.
c SIGRAFLEX APX2 yarn
Material data for our SIGRAFLEX reinforced flexible graphite standard yarns¹⁾
Typical properties
Test Methods
Units
Base
Reinforcement
SIGRAFLEX APX2
yarn
SIGRAFLEX Z
yarn
SIGRAFLEX HP
yarn
SIGRAFLEX E
yarn
SIGRAFLEX APX2
foil
SIGRAFLEX Z
foil
SIGRAFLEX HP
foil
SIGRAFLEX E
foil
INCONEL 601
INCONEL 601
INCONEL 601
INCONEL 601
µm
100
100
100
100
ASTM D5373
%
≥ 98
≥ 99.85
≥ 99.8
≥ 99
Ash content²⁾
ASTM C561
%
≤ 2
≤ 0.15
≤ 0.2
≤ 1.0
Moisture content²⁾
ASTM C562
%
<1
<1
<1
<1
ASTM D4239
ppm
< 300
< 300
< 300
< 300
ppm
≤ 25
≤ 10
≤ 10
≤ 10
ppm
≤ 10
≤ 10
≤ 10
≤ 10
ppm
≤ 70
≤ 40
≤ 40
≤ 40
Reinforcement diameter
Carbon content²⁾
Sulfur content²⁾
Chloride content²⁾
Fluoride content²⁾
ASTM D4327
Total halogen content²⁾
INCONEL content
Bulk density3⁾
ASTM C559
Linear weight
ASTM D1907
Break strength
Weight loss in air ²⁾
(4 hours@670° C)
ASTM D2256
LECO TGA
¹⁾ Other grades are available on request
²⁾ Graphite only
3⁾ Bulk density of graphite precursor material
%
35
35
35
35
g/cm³
1.12
1.00
1.12
1.00
lb/ft³
70
62.4
70
62.4
g/m
4 or 6
4
4
4
kg
8
8
8
8
lb
18
18
18
18
%/hour
≤ 1
< 4
< 4
< 4
14
We will find the best solution –
in partnership with you.
The fascinating potential of carbon as a
material excites us and inspires us to develop
optimum solutions in partnership with
our customers.
With our comprehensive material portfolio
and valuable specialist know-how, we can
manufacture tailored products – even for
the most challenging applications.
Consistently high quality, a global presence,
innovative strength, and the extensive
experience of our employees make us a
reliable partner to our customers.
Whatever challenges you face, together we
will find the best solution.
sgl group – the carbon company
15
SGL Group –
The Carbon Company.
A leading global
manufacturer of
carbon-based products.
̃̃ Unique product portfolio
̃̃ Innovative technologies and solutions
̃̃ Production sites close to sales markets
̃̃ Technology & Innovation Center in Germany
with international networks
b Winding of coated yarns
We have wide-ranging expertise in raw materials,
We use this broad base to offer our customers the
advanced manufacturing processes, and long-
best solutions possible. That’s how we live up our
standing application and engineering know-how.
claim: Broad Base. Best Solutions. This claim is also
We have a comprehensive portfolio of carbon,
upheld by our corporate SGL Excellence philosophy
graphite, and carbon fiber products and our
of continuous improvement.
integrated value chain covers everything from
carbon fibers to composites. With a global sales and
distribution network and modern production sites
in Europe, North America, and Asia, we are close to
our customers throughout the world.
+ More information can be found by visiting:
www.sglgroup.com
sglgroup
sglgroup
Contact
EUROPE/MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA
SGL CARBON GmbH
Werner-von-Siemens-Strasse 18
86405 Meitingen/Germany
[email protected]
Americas
SGL TECHNIC Inc.
Polycarbon Division
28176 No. Avenue Stanford
CA 91355 Valencia/USA
[email protected]
Asia/Pacific
SGL CARBON Far East Ltd.
151 Huan Cheng Dong Lu
Shanghai Fengpu Industrial
Development Zone
201401 Fenxian/PR China
[email protected]
® registered trademarks of SGL CARBON SE
INCONEL® is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation
05 2017/0 2NÄ Printed in Germany
This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide general notes on our
products and their uses. It should therefore not be construed as guaranteeing specific properties of the products described or their suitability for a particular application. Any existing industrial property rights must be
observed. The quality of our products is guaranteed under our “General Conditions of Sale”.
Graphite Materials & Systems
SGL CARBON GmbH
Soehnleinstrasse 8 | 65201 Wiesbaden/Germany
www.sglgroup.com/gms