Bosnian (Latin) Style Guide
Contents
What's New? .................................................................................................................................... 4
New Topics ................................................................................................................................... 4
Updated Topics ............................................................................................................................ 4
Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 5
About This Style Guide ................................................................................................................ 5
Style Guide Conventions .............................................................................................................. 5
Sample Text ................................................................................................................................. 5
Recommended Reference Material ............................................................................................. 6
Normative References .............................................................................................................. 6
Informative References ............................................................................................................. 6
Language Specific Conventions ...................................................................................................... 7
Country/Region Standards ........................................................................................................... 7
Characters ................................................................................................................................ 7
Date .......................................................................................................................................... 8
Time .......................................................................................................................................... 9
Numbers ................................................................................................................................. 11
Sorting ..................................................................................................................................... 14
Geopolitical Concerns ................................................................................................................ 16
Grammar, Syntax & Orthographic Conventions ......................................................................... 17
Adjectives ................................................................................................................................ 17
Articles .................................................................................................................................... 17
Capitalization .......................................................................................................................... 18
Compounds............................................................................................................................. 19
Gender .................................................................................................................................... 19
Genitive ................................................................................................................................... 20
Modifiers ................................................................................................................................. 21
Nouns ...................................................................................................................................... 21
Prepositions ............................................................................................................................ 22
Pronouns ................................................................................................................................. 23
Punctuation ............................................................................................................................. 23
Singular & Plural ..................................................................................................................... 27
Split Infinitive ........................................................................................................................... 27
Subjunctive ............................................................................................................................. 27
Symbols, Spaces & Non-Breaking Spaces ............................................................................ 27
Syntax ..................................................................................................................................... 28
Verbs ....................................................................................................................................... 28
Word Order ............................................................................................................................. 29
Style and Tone Considerations .................................................................................................. 29
Audience and Point of View .................................................................................................... 29
Style ........................................................................................................................................ 30
Tone ........................................................................................................................................ 30
Voice ....................................................................................................................................... 31
Localization Guidelines .................................................................................................................. 33
General Considerations ............................................................................................................. 33
Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... 33
Accessibility ............................................................................................................................ 34
Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ 35
Applications, Products, and Features ..................................................................................... 36
Frequent Errors ....................................................................................................................... 36
Glossaries ............................................................................................................................... 38
Fictitious Information ............................................................................................................... 38
Recurring Patterns .................................................................................................................. 38
Standardized Translations ...................................................................................................... 39
Unlocalized Items.................................................................................................................... 40
Using the Word Microsoft ....................................................................................................... 40
Software Considerations ............................................................................................................ 41
User Interface ......................................................................................................................... 41
Messages ................................................................................................................................ 41
Keys ........................................................................................................................................ 45
Document Translation Considerations ....................................................................................... 50
Titles ....................................................................................................................................... 50
Copyright ................................................................................................................................. 51
What's New?
Last Updated: February 2011
New Topics
The following topics were added:

n/a
Updated Topics
The following topics were updated:

n/a
4
Introduction
This Style Guide went through major revision in February 2011 in order to remove outdated and unnecessary
content. It contains information pertaining to all Microsoft products and services.
About This Style Guide
The purpose of this Style Guide is to provide everybody involved in the localization of Bosnian (Latin) Microsoft
products with Microsoft-specific linguistic guidelines and standard conventions that differ from or are more
prescriptive than those found in language reference materials. These conventions have been adopted after
considering context based on various needs, but above all, they are easy to follow and applicable for all types of
software to be localized.
The Style Guide covers the areas of formatting, grammatical conventions, as well as language stylistic criteria. It
also presents the reader with a general idea of the reasoning behind the conventions. The present Style Guide is
a revision of our previous Style Guide version with the intention of making it more standardized, more structured,
and easier to use as a reference. The guidelines and conventions presented in this Style Guide are intended to
help you localize Microsoft products and materials. We welcome your feedback, questions and concerns
regarding the Style Guide. You can send us your feedback via the Microsoft Language Portal feedback page.
Scope of This Document
This Style Guide is intended for the localization professional working on Microsoft products. It is not intended to
be a comprehensive coverage of all localization practices, but to highlight areas where Microsoft has preference
or deviates from standard practices for Bosnian (Latin) localization.
Style Guide Conventions
In this document, a plus sign (+) before a translation example means that this is the recommended correct
translation. A minus sign (-) is used for incorrect translation examples.
In Microsoft localization context, the word term is used in a slightly untraditional sense, meaning the same as e.g.
a segment in Trados. The distinguishing feature of a term here is that it is translated as one unit; it may be a
traditional term (as used in terminology), a phrase, a sentence, or a paragraph.
References to interface elements really only refer to translatable texts associated with those interface elements.
Example translations in this document are only intended to illustrate the point in question. They are not a source
of approved terminology. Always check for approved translation in the Microsoft terminology database.
Sample Text
Ako pošiljalac ima akademsku titulu (akademik, dr. ili mr.), ona se piše ispred imena; zanimanje se navodi poslije
prezimena i odvaja se zarezom:
Dr. Mumin Muminović, prof.
71000 Sarajevo
Ferhadija 10
5
Telefon: (033) 444‐567
Napomena:
U adresi pošiljaoca (a tako i u adresi primaoca), tj. u naslovljavanju (a tako i u oslovljavanju) suvišno je nizati titule
razliĉitih nivoa i znaĉenja. Tako nije potrebno pisati: akademik prof. dr. Midhat Begić jer je akademik najviša titula,
pa je dostatno navesti samo nju: akademik Midhat Begić; suvišno je, npr.: prof. dr. Mumin Muminović, dipl. ing.
arh. ili prof. doc. dr. prim. Mumin Muminović, spec. otorinolaringolog.
TakoĊer nije potrebno dvostruko tituliranje (npr. ako je doktor nauka ujedno i general ili ministar, titula dr. pisat će
se unutar akademske ili strukovne sredine, a general u vojnom krugu, ministar – u saobraćanju s drţavnom
administracijom).
Potrebno je, dakle, staviti samo onu titulu koja se odnosi na nivo kojem se obraćamo.
b) Ako je pošiljalac ustanova, preduzeće itd.: puni naziv ustanove, preduzeća itd.; poštanski broj i mjesto
poslovanja; ulica i kućni broj; telefon; telefaks; e‐pošta (ukoliko ga ima):
Source: unknown
UraĊeno: 22. 01. 2011., 11:59
Recommended Reference Material
Use the Bosnian (Latin) language and terminology as described and used in the following publications.
Normative References
These normative sources must be adhered to. Any deviation from them automatically fails a string in most cases.
When more than one solution is allowed in these sources, look for the recommended one in other parts of the
Style Guide.
1. Gramatika bosanskoga jezika; Jahić‐Halilović‐Palić, Dom štampe DD Zenica, Zenica, 2000.
2. Hrvatska gramatika; Barić‐Lonĉarić‐Malić‐Pavešić‐Peti‐Zeĉević‐Znika, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1995.
3. Gramatika srpskog jezika; Stanojĉić‐Popović, Zavod za udţbenike i nastavna sredstva, Beograd, 2005.
4. Gramatika srpskohrvatskoga jezika, Stevanović, Obod Cetinje, Cetinje, 1971.
5. Pravopis bosanskoga jezika; Halilović, Preporod, Sarajevo, 1996.
6. Hrvatski pravopis; Babić‐Finka‐Moguš, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 2000.
7. Srpski pravopis; Simić, Jasen, Beograd, 2003.
Informative References
These sources are meant to provide supplementary information, background, comparison, etc.
1. Rjeĉnik bosanskog jezika; Ĉedić‐Hajdarević‐Kadić‐Kršo‐Valjevac, Institut za jezik, Sarajevo, 2007.
2. Rjeĉnik Hrvatskoga jezika; Anić, Novi Liber, Zagreb, 1991.
3. Informatiĉki enciklopedijski rjeĉnik; Panian, Europapers holding d.o.o., Zagreb, 2005.
4. Dţepni reĉnik kompjuterskih IT skraćenica; Brzulović, Kompjuter biblioteka, Ĉaĉak, 2003.
5. Veliki englesko‐hrvatski rjeĉnik; Bujas, Nakladni zavod Globus, Zagreb, 2001.
6
Language Specific Conventions
This part of the style guide contains information about standards specific to Bosnian (Latin).
Country/Region Standards
Characters
Country/region
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Lower-case characters
a, b, c, ĉ, ć, d, dţ, Ċ, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, lj, m, n, nj, o, p, [q], r, s, š, t, u, v, [w], [x],
[y], z, ţ.
Upper-case characters
A, B, C, Ĉ, Ć, D, DŢ, Đ, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, LJ, M, N, NJ, O, P, [Q], R, S, Š, T,
U, V, [W], [X], [Y], Z, Ţ.
Characters in caseless
scripts
n/a
Extended Latin characters
ĉ, Ĉ, ć, Ć, dţ, DŢ, Ċ, Đ, lj, LJ, nj, NJ, š, Š. ţ, Ţ.
Note on alphabetical order
Alphabetical order is not necessarily indicative of sorting order.
Total number of characters
30
Unicode codes
A (041); A (0061); B (0042); B (0062); C (0043); C (0063); Ĉ (010C); Ĉ (010D);
Ć (0106); Ć (0107); D (0044); D (0064); DŢ (0044;017D); Dţ (0064;017E); Đ
(0110); Đ (0111); E (0045); E (0065); F (0046); F (0066); G (0047); G (0067); H
(0048); H (0068); I (0049); I (0069); J (004A); J (006A); K (004B); K (006B); L
(004C); L (006C); LJ (004C;004A); Lj (006C;006A); M (004D); M (006D); N
(004E); N (006E); NJ (004E;004A); Nj (006E;006A); O (004F); O (006F); P
(0050); P (0070); R (0052); R (0072); S (0053); S (0073); Š (0160); Š (0161); T
(0054); T (0074); U (0055); U (0075); V (0056); V (0076); Z (005A); Z (007A); Ţ
(017D); Ţ (017E)
Notes
The Bosnian alphabet consists of 30 characters, of which 3 are digraphs (dţ, lj,
nj). The Bosnian alphabet does not contain q,Q, w, W, x, X, y, Y, but these
foreign characters are used in the language.
7
Date
Country/region
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Calendar/Era
Gregorian
First Day of the Week
Monday
First Week of the Year
January 1 -7
Separator
Period
Default Short Date
Format
d.M.yy.
Example
17.3.11.
Default Long Date Format dd. MMMM yyyy.
Example
17. mart/oţujak 2011.
Additional Short Date
Format 1
n/a
Example
n/a
Additional Short Date
Format 2
n/a
Example
n/a
Additional Long Date
Format 1
dddd, dd. MMMM yyyy.
Example
ĉetvrtak, 17. mart/oţujak 2011.
Additional Long Date
Format 2
n/a
Example
n/a
Leading Zero in Day Field
for Short Date Format
no
Leading Zero in Month
Field for Short Date
Format
no
No. of digits for year for
Short Day Format
2
Leading Zero in Day Field
for Long Date Format
Yes
8
Country/region
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Leading Zero in Month
Field for Long Date
Format
n/a
Number of digits for year
for Long Day Format
2
Date Format for
Correspondence
dd. MMMM yyyy; dd.MM.yyyy; dd. Roman numerals yyyy
Example
17. mart 2011. ; 17. 03. 2011. ; 17. III 2011.
a. Bosnian (Latin) language uses both Latin-derived international and Slavic
names for months. If both are used, they are separated by a slash (/).
Notes
d is for day, number of d's indicates the format (d = digits without leading zero, dd =
digits with leading zero, ddd = the abbreviated day name, dddd = full day name)
Abbreviations in Format
Codes
M is for month, number of M's gives number of digits. (M = digits without leading
zero, MM = digits with leading zero, MMM = the abbreviated name, MMMM = full
name)
y is for year, number of y's gives number of digits (yy = two digits, yyyy = four digits)
Time
Country/region
Bosnia and Herzegovina
24 hour format
Yes
Standard time format
HH:mm:ss
Standard time format
example
03:24:12; 3.24.12
Time separator
colon (:); period (.)
Time separator examples
03:24:12; 3.24.12
Hours leading zero
Optional
Hours leading zero example
03:24:12 (3.24.12)
String for AM designator
n/a
String for PM designator
n/a
Notes
n/a
9
Days
Country/region: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Day
Normal Form
Abbreviation
Monday
Ponedjeljak
pon.
Tuesday
Utorak
uto.
Wednesday
Srijeda
sri.
Thursday
Ĉetvrtak
ĉet.
Friday
Petak
pet.
Saturday
Subota
sub.
Sunday
Nedjelja
ned.
First Day of Week: Monday
Is first letter capitalized?: No
Notes: n/a
Months
Country/region: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Month
Full Form
Abbreviated Form
January
januar/sijeĉanj
jan/sij.
February
februar/veljaĉa
feb/velj.
March
mart/oţujak
mart/oţu.
April
april/travanj
apr/tra.
May
maj/svibanj
maj/svi.
June
jun/lipanj
jun/lip.
July
jul/srpanj
jul/srp.
August
august/kolovoz
aug/kol.
September
septembar/rujan
sep/ruj.
October
oktobar/listopad
okt/list.
November
novmebar/studeni
nov/stu.
10
Month
Full Form
Abbreviated Form
December
decembar/prosinac
dec/pro.
Is first letter capitalized?: No
Notes: Bosnian (Latin) language uses both Latin-derived or international and Slavic names for months. If both are
used, they are separated by a slash (/).
Numbers
Phone Numbers
Country/r
egion
International
Dialing Code
Area
Codes
Used?
Number of
Digits – Area
Codes
Separator
Number of
Digits –
Domestic
Digit Groupings
– Domestic
Bosnia
and
Herzegovi
na
387
Yes
2
space
9
(###) ### ###
Country/r
egion
Number of
Digits –
Local
Digit
Groupings
– Local
Number of
Digits – Mobile
Digit
Groupings –
Mobile
Number of
Digits –
International
Digit Groupings
– International
Bosnia
and
Herzegovi
na
6; 7
### ###
9
(###) ###
###
11; 12
+ 387 ## ###
###
Notes: n/a
Addresses
Country/region: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Disclaimer: Please note that the information in this entry should under no circumstances be used in examples as
fictitious information.
Address Format:
First Name/Last Name
Company Name
Street Name/House Number
Postal Code + City
Country
11
Example Address:
Senahid Halilović
Filozofski fakultet
Franje Raĉkog 1 BA
71000 Sarajevo
Bosna i Hercegovina
Local Postal Code Format: XXXXX
Notes: n/a
Currency
Country/region
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Currency Name
konvertibilna marka
Currency Symbol
KM
Currency Symbol Position
After the numeral, preceded by a space.
Positive Currency Format
150,05 KM
Negative Sign Symbol
For negative values, the minus sign is used. There is no space between
the numeral and the minus sign.
Negative Currency Format
-150,05 KM
Decimal Symbol
, (comma)
Number of Digits after Decimal
2
Digit Grouping Symbol
period (.)
Number of Digits in Digit
Grouping
3
Positive Currency Example
150.055.214,00 KM
Negative Currency Example
-150.055.214,00 KM
ISO Currency Code
BAM
Currency Subunit Name
Fening
Currency Subunit Symbol
n/a
Currency Subunit Example
20 feninga
12
Digit Groups
Country/region: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Decimal Separator: ,
Decimal Separator Description: comma
Decimal Separator Example: 120,5 KM
Thousand Separator: .
Thousand Separator Description: period
Thousand Separator Example: 1.526,75
Notes: n/a
Measurement Units
Metric System Commonly Used?: Yes
Temperature: Celsius
Category
English
Translation
Abbreviation
Linear Measure
Kilometer
kilometar
Km
Meter
metar
M
Decimeter
decimetar
Dm
Centimeter
centimetar
Cm
Millimeter
milimetar
Mm
Hectoliter
hektolitar
Hl
Liter
Litar
L
Deciliter
decilitar
Dl
Centiliter
centilitar
Cl
Milliliter
mililitar
Ml
Ton
tona
T
Kilogram
kilogram
Kg
Pound
funta
n/a
Gram
gram
G
Decigram
decigram
Dg
Centigram
centigram
Cg
Capacity
Mass
13
Category
English Units of
Measurement
English
Translation
Abbreviation
Milligram
milligram
Mg
Inch
palac, inĉ
"
Feet
stopa
'
Mile
milja
n/a
Gallon
galon
n/a
Notes: n/a
Percentages
Major percentages format is xx %. For example: 10%
Sorting
Sorting rules
1. Capital letters and lowercase letters are equal. No distinction is made between them.
2. The extended characters are treated as separate letters of the alphabet.
3. Non-alphabetical characters (i.e. symbols like @ ! #) sort before the letters of the alphabet.
4. Digits sort after the non-alphabetical characters and before the letters of the alphabet.
5. Zero comes before 1.
Character
sorting order
A (65); a (97); B (66); b (98); C (67); c (99); Ĉ (268); ĉ (269); Ć (262); ć (263); D (68); d (100);
DŢ (68;381); dţ (100;382); Đ (272); Ċ (273); E (69); e (101); F (70); f (102); G (71); g (103); H
(72); H (104); I (73); i (105); J (74); j (106); K (75); k (107); L (76); l (108); LJ (76;74); lj
(108;106); M (77); m (109); N (78); n (110); nJ (78;74); nj (110;106); O (79); o (111); P (80); p
(112); R (82); r (114); S (83); s (115); Š (352); š (353); T (84); t (116); U (85); u (117); V (86); v
(118); Z (90); z (112); Ţ (381); ţ (382)
1
@
aktuelan
automobilist
Examples of
sorted words
blato
borba
car
cesta
ĉešljati
ĉupati
14
daleko
dobro
ekran
estrada
fikus
flaša
gaziti
genetiĉar
harmoniĉan
hodati
igraĉ
istina
jasno
jedanaest
kandidat
kopati
lanĉić
laskati
loviti
ljaga
ljeto
mašta
mekušac
naĉelnik
neobiĉan
njega
njihati
obavještavati
orobiti
pjesma
plamen
raĉunovodstvo
rodbina
skok
starac
šparoga
štit
tama
15
tramvaj
ukopati
uvod
vaga
vojnik
zlato
zora
ţena
ţito
Geopolitical Concerns
Part of the cultural adaptation of the US-product to a specific market is the resolving of geopolitical issues. While
the US-product should have been designed and developed with neutrality and a global audience in mind, the
localized product should respond to the particular situation that applies within the target country/region.
Sensitive issues or issues that might potentially be offensive to the users in the target country/region may occur in
any of the following:

Maps

Flags

Country/region, city and language names

Art and graphics
 Cultural content, such as encyclopedia content and other text where historical or political references may
occur
Some of these issues are relatively easy to verify and resolve: the objective should be for the localizer to always
have the most current information available. Maps and other graphic representations of countries/regions and
regions should be checked for accuracy and existing political restrictions. Country/region, city and language
names change on a regular basis and need to be checked, even if previously approved.
A thorough understanding of the culture of the target market is required for checking the appropriateness of
cultural content, clip art and other visual representations of religious symbols, body and hand gestures.
Guideline
As country/region and city names can change, please use the most up-to-date Bosnian (Latin) list for every
release of your product. This list can be requested from your Microsoft project contact.
Microsoft‟s Geopolitical Strategy Group (GPS) has a tool called "PoliCheck" that runs a file containing updated
information on sensitive terms. Contact your Microsoft project representative if you wish to have a look at this list
for Bosnian (Latin) or if you need to install the tool.
16
Grammar, Syntax & Orthographic Conventions
This section includes information on how to apply the general rules of the Bosnian (Latin) language to Microsoft
products and documentation.
Adjectives
In Bosnian (Latin), adjectives agree in gender, case, and number with the noun they modify.
Possessive adjectives
The frequent use of possessives is a feature of English language. However, in Bosnian (Latin) language it is
better to avoid using possessives in excess. When a possessive is used with a verb, it is not always necessary to
translate it – in many cases it can be left out. A good way to avoid possessive adjectives is to leave them out
whenever the sentence can be of general meaning and not user specific.
Example:
English example
Bosnian (Latin) example
Explanation
Windows Vista cannot start your
system. If the problem persists,
contact your network
administrator.
(+) Windows Vista ne moţe
pokrenuti sistem. Ako se taj problem
nastavi, kontaktirajte administratora
mreţe.
Avoid using possessive
adjective “your” unless the
indication of ownership is
important in context.
In the following example the use of adjective “your” in “your computer” has been avoided:
Articles
General considerations
This section does not apply to Bosnian (Latin) language.
Unlocalized Feature Names
Microsoft product names and non-translated feature names are used without definite or indefinite articles in the
English language. The same is true for Bosnian (Latin).
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Microsoft Office 2101 Professional
(+) Microsoft Office 2101 Professional
17
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Windows Live Essentials
(+) Windows Live Essentials
Localized Feature Names
In Bosnian (Latin), when parts of product and feature names are localized, only the first word of localized product
or feature name should be capitalized.
English Example
Desktop Gadget Gallery
English Example
Galerija gaţeta radne površine
In the following example the features names have been properly localized:
Articles for English Borrowed Terms
This section does not apply to Bosnian (Latin) language.
Capitalization
The full rules of capitalization for Bosnian (Latin) language are explained in the recommended Reference
Material. The following examples will highlight some differences between English and Bosnian (Latin)
capitalization rules.
In titles, only the first letter of the first word is capitalized, the rest of the title uses sentence capitalization.
Example:
18
English example
Bosnian (Latin) example
Microsoft Product List
(+) Spisak proizvoda kompanije
Microsoft
(-) Spisak Proizvoda Kompanije
Microsoft
When addressing a user in an e-mail message, do not start the next line with a capital letter if the first
sentence/greeting in a letter ends with a comma:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Dear Sir,
(+) Poštovani gospodine,
ranije smo Vas obavijestili...
Previously, we notified you...
(-) Poštovani gospodine,
Ranije smo Vas obavijestili...
Compounds
Generally, compounds should be understandable and clear to the user. Overly long or complex compounds
should be avoided. Keep in mind that unintuitive compounds are ultimately an intelligibility and usability issue.
In English, nouns are often compounded by placing several adjectives and nouns in a row. In Bosnian (Latin),
nouns cannot be placed in sequence separated by a space without adjusting the cases and changing the word
order.
Example:
English example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Explanation
Internet News Server Name
(+) Naziv servera internetskih vijesti
Cases and the word order
are adjusted. In some
cases, a hyphen is used
with two nouns.
(+) Naziv servera Internet-vijesti
Gender
You should always recognize your audience‟s sensitivity to male and female stereotypes. Instead of stressing
gender differences or reinforcing stereotypical distinctions between men and women, use language that is as
neutral as possible.
19
Create a balance when assigning roles and functions to men and women (active vs. passive roles, leading vs.
secondary roles, technical vs. non‐technical professions, and so on).
Translations should always be inclusive and gender-neutral. Avoid writing sentences that refer to a single person
whose gender is female or male. Instead, you can often rewrite the sentence to make the subject plural.
Example:
English example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
User should enter the data into
the list
(+) Korisnici trebaju unijeti podatke u
spisak
(-) Korisnik ili korisnica trebaju unijeti
podatke u spisak
In cases where this is impossible, do not use him or her, he or she, or his or her. Instead, use impersonal form or
passive voice.
Bosnian (Latin) Example
(+) Kontakt neće odgovoriti jer mu je status postavljen na Odsutan.
(+) Moţda nećete primiti odgovor jer je status kontakta postavljen na Odsutan.
(-) Kontakt neće odgovoriti zato jer je njegov ili njezin status postavljen na Odsutan.
Genitive
In Bosnian (Latin) grammar the genitive case or possessive is the case that marks a noun as modifying another
noun. It often marks a noun as being the possessor of another noun but it can also indicate various relationships
other than possession. Possessive genitive should be avoided when possessive adjective can be used instead.
Pay attention to the correct use of possessive adjectives and cases in Bosnian translations. Influenced by the
English language, many translators mix them, translate them literally, as nouns, or change the word order.
20
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) example
Explanation
table direction
(+) smjer tablice
(-) tabliĉni smjer
computer program
(+) kompjuterski program
(-) program kompjutera
Possessive genitive
should be avoided when
possessive adjective can
be used instead. This,
however, is not always
possible.
Modifiers
In Bosnian localized text you often need to add modifiers before names of objects, menus, commands, dialog box
elements, icons, etc. (descriptions of the object the name refers to). In general, English text doesn't have these
modifiers.
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Explanation
Microsoft Excel Help files
(+) Fajlovi pomoći programa
Microsoft Excel
Modifiers are especially
necessary when a whole
phrase needs to be
declined - then decline
only the modifier and
leave the name in the form
that is used in the user
interface.
(-) Fajlovi pomoći Microsoft Excela
Nouns
General considerations
In Bosnian (Latin) language nouns, including those that are loanwords, are inflected by gender, number and case.
Loanwords are modified to fit native pronunciation pattern. Excessive use of loanwords should be avoided.
21
Inflection
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Contact system administrator!
(+) Kontaktirajte sistem administratora!
Plural Formation
The examples bellow show how English loanwords are inflected by number in Bosnian (Latin).
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
Administrators
(+) Administratori
Web-cameras
(+) Web-kamere
Prepositions
Pay attention to the correct use of the prepositions in translations. Influenced by the English language, many
translators omit them or change the word order.
US Expression
Bosnian (Latin) Expression
migrate to
migrate from
import to
import from
export to
export from
update to
upgrade to
change to
click on
connect to
welcome to
(+) preseliti u
(+) preseliti iz
(+) uvesti u
(+) uvesti iz
(+) izvesti u
(+) izvesti iz
(+) aţurirati u
(+) nadograditi u
(+) promijeniti u
(+) kliknuti na
(+) povezati s
(+) dobrodošli
22
Pronouns
Pronouns are explained in detail in the recommended Reference Material. Some specifics of the use of
possessive pronouns are explained in Style and Tone considerations (use of second person singular and plural).
Punctuation
General punctuation rules should be available in the recommended reference material but you may want to define
rules for using punctuation consistently in your language.
Comma
The use of comma in Bosnian (Latin) language is explained in the recommended Reference Material. The general
rule is that the comma is used when an inversion occurs, i.e. when the sub clause precedes the main clause.
Otherwise (the sequence is main clause, sub clause), comma is normally not needed. Here are some of the
examples:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
To continue, you must delete or rename the file.
(+) Da biste nastavili, fajl morate izbrisati ili
preimenovati.
(+) Fajl morate izbrisati ili preimenovati da biste
nastavili.
(–) Da biste nastavili fajl morate izbrisati ili
preimenovati.
(–) Fajl morate izbrisati ili preimenovati, da biste
nastavili.
Enable the 'Single user' setting, in order to perform the
chosen database alterations.
(+) Omogućite postavku "Jedan korisnik" kako biste
mogli izvršiti odreĊene promjene baze podataka.
(+) Kako biste mogli izvršiti odreĊene promjene baze
podataka, omogućite postavku "Jedan korisnik".
(–) Omogućite postavku "Jedan korisnik", kako biste
mogli izvršiti odreĊene promjene baze podataka.
23
Colon
Use a colon to inform the reader that what follows proves, clarifies, explains, or simply lists items in what is
referred to before.
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Uradite sljedeće: kliknite na meni, pritisnite razmak, kliknite na veliĉinu slova…
Do not use a colon to separate a verb from its objects or after “such as”.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(-) Meni podizanja sadrţi: opciju dijagnostike i pokretanja.
(-) Meni podizanja sadrţi opcije kao što su: dijagnostika i pokretanje.
Dashes and Hyphens
Three different dash characters are used in English:
Hyphen
The hyphen is used to divide words between syllables, to link parts of a compound word, and to connect the parts
of an inverted or imperative verb form. In Bosnian (Latin) the hyphen is used for certain compound words, for
adding declination and derivation suffixes to abbreviations, when analyzing words into syllables etc.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Web-stranica
(+) SAD-a
24
En Dash
The en dash is used as a minus sign, usually with spaces before and after. In Bosnian (Latin) language the en
dash is used to emphasize a phrase within a sentence, or to separate clauses in sentences. There should be a
space before and after the en dash.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Sarajevo – Zenica
(+) 30 – 60 MB
The en dash is also used in number ranges, such as those specifying page numbers.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) 35 – 40 str.
Em Dash
The em dash should only be used to emphasize an isolated element or introduce an element that is not essential
to the meaning conveyed by the sentence. Bosnian language does not use em dashes.
Ellipses (Suspension Points)
Ellipsis indicates the omission of text or an interruption or hesitation.
Keep in mind the following when using ellipses/suspension points:
In Bosnian (Latin), an ellipsis is composed of three dots without any spaces between. There is no space between
the ellipsis and the preceding word, but there is always a space after the ellipsis, unless the following character is
a closing bracket or quote mark, in which case the space is inserted after that character instead.
25
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Slika prije primjene filtra...
... i poslije filtriranja
Period
Period is used to indicate ordinal numbers, to shorten words and as a thousand separator.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) 200. godišnjica
(+) Ove i sliĉ. opcije.
(+) 100.000 km
Quotation Marks
Among other things, quotation marks are used to sett of a conversation, sarcastic use of a word or to quote other
people‟s words. The following quotation marks are used in Bosnian (Latin) language:
„...“ , “….” or „„...‟‟, »….«, ”.…”
In US source strings, you may find software references surrounded by English quotation marks. The same applies
to the Bosnian (Latin). Quotation marks can also be used when referring to a button or a link.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Kliknite na “Dodajte raĉun“ u e-poruci s potvrdom.
26
English sentences use a dot to end a sentence, followed by a quotation mark. In Bosnian, place the dot after the
quotation marks.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Kliknite “Spremi izmjene”.
(-) Kliknite “Spremi izmjene.”
Parentheses
In English, there is no space between the parentheses and the text inside them. The same applies to Bosnian
(Latin).
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Ovo je poglavlje o RTF-u (oblik obogaćenog teksta).
Singular & Plural
The use of singular and plural in Bosnian (Latin) is explained in detail in the recommended Reference Material.
Split Infinitive
This section does not apply to Bosnian (Latin) language
Subjunctive
This section does not apply to Bosnian (Latin) language
Symbols, Spaces & Non-Breaking Spaces
Generally, and unless otherwise specified, don't insert a space before the following elements:
- punctuation marks: (:), (;), (!) and (?)
Generally, and unless otherwise specified, insert a space before the following elements:
27
- a value and its symbol, such as: 16 MB
Leave one single space after the full stop (.), contrary to the English text, which uses two spaces after the full
stop.
Non-Breaking Spaces
Use non-breaking spaces (CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR or Alt+0160) between words that should not separate onto
different lines. If two words are connected by a non-breaking space, Word will keep them together, even if
subsequent editing causes line breaks to change. On your screen, a non-breaking space looks like a degree
symbol ( ° ), but it will print like a space
Syntax
One of the features of Bosnian (Latin) syntax is the widespread use of possessive adjectives instead of the
genitive case of the noun. For more details, see: Genitive.
Verbs
Pay attention to perfect or imperfect form of translated verbs. English verbs can be translated in either forms in
Bosnian depending on whether it is a repeated or a single action.
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Read
(+) ĉitati, proĉitati
Print
(+) ispisivati, ispisati, ispis
Continuous operations are usually expressed in English with a gerund, which should be translated into Bosnian
(Latin) by deverbative noun.
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Sending a file
(+) Slanje fajla
Using Styles
(+) Korištenje stilova
28
Word Order
Bosnian (Latin) allows for a great deal of freedom in word order. Yet, due to declension system, the meaning is
clear.
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Your time is out
(+) Vaše je vrijeme isteklo
(+) Isteklo je vaše vrijeme.
Style and Tone Considerations
This section focuses on higher-level considerations for audience, style, tone, and voice.
Audience and Point of View
Point of view refers to how a writer talks to their audience.
Use of first person
The text speaks directly to users in the second person plural (referring to the user as You). Writers should avoid
referring to themselves (as I). If necessary, writers can use we, but should do so only if this usage benefits
readability or tone.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Zaštitite raĉunar instaliranjem sljedećih sigurnosnih znaĉajki.
(+) Da biste zaštitili svoj raĉunar, preporuĉujemo instaliranje sljedećih sigurnosnih
znaĉajki. (Use of we is OK in this case, because it gives the suggestion a friendlier,
less pushy tone.)
First person is used differently in UI than in other forms of writing. In most cases, when writer use I they are
referring to themself. In UI text, however, I is used to simulate the user‟s voice.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Aţuriraj moj adresar sljedećom adresom e-pošte:
29
Style
Use correct and consistent grammar in all texts. Sentence style should be short, simple, and complete. Avoid
compound sentences, ambiguous sentence structure, and non-standard word order that is difficult to interpret.
Tone
Tone refers to a writer's attitude toward the reader and the subject matter. Tone creates a personality and affects
the audience's reaction to what is being said.
General rules:
Don't use a heavy, staid, or arrogant tone; translations should be friendly.
Avoid awkward or unprofessional wording.
Try to capture the essence of the message. Don't translate literally or word-for-word.
Examples:
Bosnian Example
Explanation
(+) Objavite ove slike:
Too formal and technical
(-) Odaberite fotografije koje ţelite uĉitati.
(+) Još niste unijeli niti jedan grad.
(-) Gradovi nisu pronaĊeni. Gradovi će biti vidljivi nakon
unosa.
Refers to the user directly, and lets them know that they
can fix the problem.
Too robot-like, calls attention to the computer, rather
than the user‟s interaction with it.
30
The following example illustrates the appropriate use of the tone when addressing a user:
Voice
Avoid using second-person singular and plural in excess.
Example:
English Example
You are now connected to the Internet.
Bosnian Example
(+) Niste spojeni na Internet.
(-) Vi niste spojeni na Internet.
Active vs. Passive Voice
In general, use the active voice, which emphasizes the person or thing doing the action. It is more direct and
personal than the passive voice, which can be confusing or sound formal.
31
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Ikone moţete rasporediti prema nazivu abecednim redoslijedom.
(-) Ikone je moguće rasporediti prema imenu abecednim redoslijedom.
32
Localization Guidelines
This section contains guidelines for localization into Bosnian (Latin).
General Considerations
Use correct and consistent grammar in all texts. If in doubt, see the reference books mentioned in
"Recommended Reference Material" chapter. The following are guidelines for consistent use in cases where
more than one solution would theoretically be possible, or where errors have been common in the past.
Abbreviations
Common Abbreviations
You might need to abbreviate some words in the UI (mainly buttons or options names) due to lack of space. This
can be done in the following ways:
Method
Examples
Truncation with a period
(+) maks.; mjeseci = mj.
Initial capitals
(+) Sjedinjene Ameriĉka Drţave = SAD
Slash
(+) str. u min. = str./min.
List of common abbreviations:
Expression
Acceptable Abbreviation
naprimjer
(+) npr.
godina
(+) g.
lice
(+) l.
muški rod
(+) m. (moguće i m. r.)
srednji rod
(+) n. (moguće i s. r.)
ţenski rod
(+) f. (moguće i ţ. r.)
taĉka
(+) t.
broj
(+) br.
i drugo
(+) i dr.
glagol
(+) gl.
i sliĉno
(+) i sl.
33
Expression
Acceptable Abbreviation
mnoţina
(+) mn.
primjer
(+) pr.
doktor
(+) dr.
i tako dalje
(+) itd.
et cetera (i tako dalje)
(+) etc.
jednina
(+) jd.
singular
(+) sg.
to jest
(+) tj.
takozvani
(+) tzv.
bosanski
(+) bos.
bošnjaĉki
(+) boš.
i dalje
(+) i d.
isporedi
(+) isp.
redni broj
(+) red. br.
Don‟t abbreviate such words as “and,” “or,” “something,” “someone,” or any other word that users might not
recognize. If you have any doubt, spell out the word rather than using an abbreviation.
Accessibility
Accessibility enables people of all abilities to use their full potential. Microsoft provides people with disabilities with
more accessible products and services. These may not be available in Bosnian (Latin) speaking market. During
localization of accessibility features such as speech recognition software etc, please double-check with the
appropriate subsidiary or through your Microsoft Program Manager.
34
An example of the localization of an accessibility feature in Bosnian (Latin):
Acronyms
Acronyms are words made up of the initial letters of major parts of a compound term. Some well-known examples
are WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get), OLE (Object Linking and Embedding), or RAM (Random
Access Memory).
Localized Acronyms
In online help or documentation, spell out the words that comprise an acronym or abbreviation the first time that
acronym is used in the text. You should include the language‐specific translation, the US term, and the acronym.
Example:
Bosnian (Latin) Example:
(+) Sredstva pristupa podacima (Data Access Objects, DAO)
(+) ActiveX objekti podataka (ActiveX Data Objects, ADO)
35
Unlocalized Acronyms
Many abbreviations and acronyms are standardized and remain untranslated. They are only followed by their full
spelling in English if the acronym needs to be explained to the speakers of a different language. In other cases,
where the acronym is rather common, adding the fully spelled‐out form will only confuse users. In these cases,
the acronym can be used on its own.
The following list contains examples of acronyms and abbreviations that are considered commonly understood;
these acronyms and abbreviations should not be localized or spelled out in full in English.
Example:
English Example:
ANSI (American National Standards Institute)
ISO (International Standards Organization)
ISDN
DOS
DSL
CD
DVD
Applications, Products, and Features
Application/product names are often trademarked or may be trademarked in the future and are therefore rarely
translated. Occasionally, feature names are trademarked, too (e.g. IntelliSense™). Before translating any
application, product, or feature name, please verify that it is in fact translatable and not protected in any way.
Frequent Errors
Inconsistent use of terminology and excessive use of loanwords
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Explanation
Turn off the computer.
(+) Iskljuĉite raĉunar.
Translated texts should demonstrate
a consistent use of the approved
terminology as well as the
avoidance of unnecessary
loanwords.
(-) Iskljuĉite raĉunalo.
(-) Iskljuĉite kompjuter.
(-) Iskljuĉite kompjutor.
How to go back to the main menu?
(+) Kako se vratiti na glavni meni?
(-) Kako se vratiti na glavni izbornik?
36
Placeholders
The translators should be extra careful when translating strings containing placeholders. They should check
whether the word finally replacing the placeholder would be declined or not because this might cause an error.
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Explanation
Show NUMBER_OF_RESULTS
pages with words….
(+) Prikaţi
NUMBER_OF_RESULTS
stranice(a) s rijeĉima….
Pay attention to Paukal – agreement
with numbers (i.e. words that come
after them) from 2-4 (or any number
ending in 2-4 except for 12-14). This
is especially challenging in case of
multiple options and number
placeholders.
(-) Prikaţi NUMBER_OF_RESULTS
stranice s rijeĉima….
The following example illustrates a proper use of a number placeholder:
37
Glossaries
You can find the translations of terms and UI elements of Microsoft products at Microsoft Language Portal
(http://www.microsoft.com/Language/en-US/Default.aspx).
Fictitious Information
Fictitious content is legally sensitive material and as such cannot be handled as a pure terminology or localization
issue. Below is some basic information and contact points when dealing with fictitious content:
Vendors and Localizers are not allowed to create their own fictitious names. You must either use the source
names or use the list of legally approved names.
Please contact your product team representative for further information on how to deal with fictitious companies,
names, addresses, email addresses, phone numbers, etc. in your product. For technical products, you may also
check with the product team representative whether localized fictitious content is required or not (e.g. Visual
Studio).
Recurring Patterns
1. Titles: When translating titles there are certain recurrent patterns that you should pay attention to, as
indicated below:
English
Bosnian (Latin)
Getting Started with <productname>
Designing a <productname> infrastructure
(+) Poĉetak rada uz < productname>
(+) Izrada infrastrukture programa <productname>
Upgrading Your <productname> to <productname>
(+) Nadogradnja programa <productname> u
<productname>
Deploying <productname>
(+) Postavljanje programa <productname>
Implementing <productname>
(+) Primjena programa <productname>
2. Cross references: The following translations are standard. Note that no commas are needed in the
Bosnian (Latin) sentences and that the word for 'chapter' (poglavlje) has a lowercase 'p'.
English
Bosnian (Latin)
For information on XXX, see "YYY", in ZZZ.
(+) Za informacije о XXX pogledajte „YYY“ у ZZZ.
For further information about XXX, see Chapter 12,
"YYY".
(+) Više informacija o XXX potraţite u poglavlju 12, „YYY“.
38
3. Standard phrases:
English
Bosnian (Latin)
All rights reserved.
Appendix (Appendices)
Chapter
Contents, Table of
(continued)
Copyright
Example
Figure
Index
Introduction
Preface
See/See also
Cf.
Table
Version
(+) Sva prava pridrţana.
(+) Dodatak (Dodaci)
(+) Poglavlje
(+) Sadrţaj
(+) (nastavak)
(+) Autorsko pravo
(+) Primjer
(+) Slika
(+) Indeks, Kazalo
(+) Uvod
(+) Predgovor
(+) Vidi / Vidi i
(+) Usp.
(+) Tabela
(+) Verzija
4. Standard Translations For Remarks, Hints etc
English
Bosnian (Latin)
Attention!
Caution!
Hint
Important
Note
Tip
Warning
(+) Paţnja!
(+) Oprez!
(+) Prijedlog / Savjet
(+) Vaţno
(+) Napomena
(+) Savjet
(+) Upozorenje
Standardized Translations
There are a number of standardized translations mentioned in all sections of this Style Guide. In order to find
them more easily, the most relevant topics and sections are compiled here for you reference.
Characters
Date
Time
Days
39
Months
Numbers
Addresses
Currency
Digit Groups
Measurement Units
Percentages
Sorting
Unlocalized Items
Trademarked names and the name Microsoft Corporation shouldn‟t be localized. A list of Microsoft trademarks is
available for your reference at the following location: http://www.microsoft.com/trademarks/t-mark/names.htm.
Some considerations to be given for unlocalized items in Bosnian (Latin):
Word
Comment
Microsoft Office System
Unlocalized product portfolio names are always used
without a hyphen.
Microsoft Windows Server System
Windows Mobile
OLE
Avoid to decline acronyms as much as possible and try
to use a modifier, usually the main word from the
translation, e.g. 'RAM' – RAM memorija.
RAM
URL
In some cases, declensional forms are unavoidable
and case-endings should be added, e.g:
English: Error in XML
Bosnian (Latin): (+) Pogreška u XML-u.
Using the Word Microsoft
In English, it is prohibited to use MS as an abbreviation for Microsoft.
Bosnian (Latin) does not use MS abbreviation either. The rule is that product names are not translated if they
include the word Microsoft and/or they are registered as trademarks. The preposition „for‟ is translated. There are,
however, examples when the preposition 'for' is a part of the product name, e.g. Windows for Workgroups 3.1x,
and in these cases is not translated.
40
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Word for Windows
(+) Word za Windowse
Windows for Workgroups 3.1x
(+) Windows for Workgroups 3.1x
Software Considerations
This section refers to all menus, menu items, commands, buttons, check boxes, etc., which should be consistently
translated in the localized product.
Refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa511258.aspx for a detailed explanation of the Windows user interface
guidelines (English).
User Interface
As the accuracy and consistency of localized language within a product increases, the clarity of the overall
language use increases as well. By translating terms consistently within a software user interface, and across
multiple similar product interfaces, the translator helps the people using the product understand the interface.
Inconsistencies in the interface are the most obvious obstacles to an efficient use of the localized product. In
order to produce a consistent localization, the translator must use only one translation for each concept, and use
that translation consistently each time the concept appears in the product.
Messages
Since the users‟ ability to understand a message can crucially influence their experience of the product, it is
especially important to translate the messages in a clear way, using a consistent terminology and simple and
coherent style.
Status Messages
What is a Status Bar Message?
A status bar message is an informational message about the active document or a selected command as well as
about any active or selected interface item. Messages are shown in the status bar at the bottom of the window
when the user has chosen a menu, a command or any other item, or has started a function. The status bar
messages refer to actions being performed or already complete (as in the example below).
41
Bosnian (Latin) Style in Status bar Messages
In English, the status bar messages have different forms dependent on the information they must convey. In
Bosnian (Latin), menu and commands status bar messages should follow the format below.
Name
Edit
Bosnian (Latin)
(+) Uredi
Category
English Status Bar
message
Bosnian (Latin) Status
Bar message
menu
Contains editing commands
(+) Sadrţi naredbe za
ureĊivanje
Copy to
Folder...
(+) Kopiranje u
fasciklu…
menu
Copies the selected items to
a new location
(+) Kopira odabrane
stavke na novu lokaciju
New
(+) Novo
command
Creates a new document
(+) Stvara novi document
Make object visible?
(+) Uĉini objekt vidljivim?
Word is converting the
document. Press Esc to
stop.
(+) Word pretvara
document. Za prekid
pritisnite Esc.
Datasheet View
(+) Prikaz tablice
podataka.
Done
(+) Gotovo
The importance of standardization
In the US product you can often find messages that are phrased differently even though they have the same
meaning. Try to avoid this in the localized Bosnian (Latin) version. Use one standard translation as in the
examples below:
English term
Correct Bosnian (Latin) translation
Press F1 to get Help
(+) Pritisnite F1 za pomoć
If you want Help press F1
To get Help press F1
Not enough memory
(+) Nema dovoljno memorije
42
Insufficient memory
There is not enough memory
Save changes to %1?
(+) Ţelite li da saĉuvate promjene u datoreci %1?
Do you want to save changes to %1?
Error Messages
What Is An Error Message?
Here is an example:
Error messages are messages sent by the system or a program, informing the user that there is an error that
must be corrected in order for the program to keep running. For example, the messages can prompt the user to
take an action or inform the user of an error that requires rebooting the computer.
Bosnian (Latin) Style in Error Messages
It is important to use consistent terminology and language style in the localized error messages, and not just
translate as they appear in the US product.
As translators localize the software into Bosnian (Latin), they should ensure that they use a standard phrase for
error messages that have the same meaning and purpose in the US‐English version.
Standard Phrases in Error Messages
When translating standard phrases, standardize. Note that sometimes the US uses different forms to express the
same thing.
43
Examples:
English
Cannot …
Could not …
Failed to …
Failure of …
Translation
nije moguće …
nije uspjelo…
neuspjelo…
kvar
English Example
Bosnian (Latin)
Translation
Cannot configure…
(+) Nije moguće podesiti
Could not determine
(+) Nije moguće utvrditi
Failed to connect
(+) Spajanje nije uspjelo
Failure of equipment
(+) Kvar opreme
Cannot find driver
software
Cannot find …
Could not find …
Unable to find …
Unable to locate …
nije moguće pronaći…
pronalaţenje… nije
uspjelo
Could not find driver
software
Unable to find driver
software
(+) Nije moguće pronaći
upravljaĉki softver
(+) Pronalaţenje
upravljaĉkog programa
nije uspjelo
Unable to locate driver
software
Not enough memory in
Excel
Insufficient memory in
DOS
Not enough memory
Insufficient memory
nema dovoljno memorije
There is not enough memory
There is not enough memory
available
There is not enough
memory to perform the
operation
There is not enough
memory available to
perform the operation
(+) Nema dovoljno
memorije u Excelu
(+) Nema dovoljno
memorije u DOS-u
(+) Nema dovoljno
memorije za obavljanje
operacije
... is not available
…nije dostupna
The network is not
available
... is unavailable
… je nedostupna
The network is unavailable (+) Mreţa je nedostupna
(+) Mreţa nije dostupna
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Error Messages Containing Placeholders
When localizing error messages containing placeholders, try to find out what will replace the placeholder. This is
necessary for the sentence to be grammatically correct when the placeholder is replaced with a word or phrase.
Note that the letters used in placeholders convey a specific meaning, see examples below:
%d, %ld, %u, and %lu means <number>
%c means <letter>
%s means <string>
Examples of error messages containing placeholders:
"Checking Web %1!d! of %2!d!" means "Checking Web <number> of <number>".
"INI file "%1!-.200s!" section" means "INI file "<string>" section".
Because of the use of inflection in Bosnian (Latin), it is important to try to find out what will replace the
placeholder. In the example below the placeholder %s stands for file names:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Cannot find %s.
(+) Nije moguće pronaći datoteke %.
Please see more information about Localising strings with placeholders for numbers for Windows Live here.
Keys
The keyboard is the primary input device used for text input in Microsoft Windows. For accessibility and efficiency,
most actions can be performed using the keyboard as well. While working with Microsoft software, you use keys,
key combinations and key sequences.
In English, References to key names, like arrow keys, function keys and numeric keys, appear in normal text (not
in small caps).
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Access Keys/Hot keys
Sometimes, there are underlined or highlighted letters in menu options, commands or dialog boxes. These letters
refer to access keys (also known as hot keys) that allow you to run commands, perform tasks, etc. more quickly.
Hot Key Special Options
Usage: Is It Allowed?
Notes
"Slim characters", such as I, l, t, r, f
can be used as hot key
Yes
n/a.
Characters with downstrokes, such
as g, j, y, p and q can be used as
hotkeys
Yes
n/a
Extended characters can be used as
hotkeys
Yes
n/a
An additional letter, appearing
between brackets after item name,
can be used as hotkeys
Yes
n/a
A number, appearing between
brackets after item name, can be
used as hotkey
Yes
n/a
A punctuation sign, appearing
between brackets after item name,
can be used as hotkey
Yes
n/a
Additional notes: n/a
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Arrow Keys
The arrow keys move input focus among the controls within a group. Pressing the right arrow key moves input
focus to the next control in tab order, whereas pressing the left arrow moves input focus to the previous control.
Home, End, Up, and Down also have their expected behavior within a group. Users can't navigate out of a control
group using arrow keys.
Numeric Keypad
It is recommended that you avoid distinguishing numeric keypad keys from the other keys, unless it is required by
a given application. In case which keys to be pressed is not obvious, provide necessary explanations.
Shortcut Keys
Shortcut keys are keystrokes or combinations of keystrokes used to perform defined functions in a software
application. Shortcut keys replace menu commands and they are sometimes given next to the command they
represent. In opposition to the access keys, which can be used only when available on the screen, shortcut keys
can be used even when they are not accessible on the screen.
Standard Shortcut Keys
US
Command
US English
Shortcut Key
Bosnian (Latin)
Command
Bosnian (Latin)
Shortcut key
General Windows Shortcut keys
Help window
F1
Prozor za pomoć
F1
Context-sensitive Help
Shift+F1
Kontekstna pomoć
Shift+F1
Display pop-up menu
Shift+F10
Display pop-up menu
Shift+F10
Cancel
Esc
Cancel
Esc
Activate\Deactivate
menu bar mode
F10
Activate\Deactivate menu bar
mode
F10
Switch to the next
primary application
Alt+Tab
Switch to the next primary
application
Alt+Tab
Display next window
Alt+Esc
Display next window
Alt+Esc
Display pop-up menu
for the window
Alt+Spacebar
Display pop-up menu for the
window
Alt+Spacebar
Display pop-up menu
for the active child
window
Alt+-
Display pop-up menu for the
active child window
Alt+-
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US
Command
US English
Shortcut Key
Bosnian (Latin)
Command
Bosnian (Latin)
Shortcut key
Display property sheet
for current selection
Alt+Enter
Display property sheet for current
selection
Alt+Enter
Close active
application window
Alt+F4
Close active application window
Alt+F4
Switch to next window
within (modelesscompliant) application
Alt+F6
Switch to next window within
(modeless-compliant) application
Alt+F6
Capture active window
image to the Clipboard
Alt+Prnt Scrn
Capture active window image to
the Clipboard
Alt+Prnt Scrn
Capture desktop
image to the Clipboard
Prnt Scrn
Capture desktop image to the
Clipboard
Prnt Scrn
Access Start button in
taskbar
Ctrl+Esc
Access Start button in taskbar
Ctrl+Esc
Display next child
window
Ctrl+F6
Display next child window
Ctrl+F6
Display next tabbed
pane
Ctrl+Tab
Display next tabbed pane
Ctrl+Tab
Launch Task Manager
and system
initialization
Ctrl+Shift+Esc
Launch Task Manager and
system initialization
Ctrl+Shift+Esc
File Menu
File New
Ctrl+N
File New
Ctrl+N
File Open
Ctrl+O
File Open
Ctrl+O
File Close
Ctrl+F4
File Close
Ctrl+F4
File Save
Ctrl+S
File Save
Ctrl+S
File Save as
F12
File Save as
F12
File Print Preview
Ctrl+F2
File Print Preview
Ctrl+F2
File Print
Ctrl+P
File Print
Ctrl+P
File Exit
Alt+F4
File Exit
Alt+F4
Edit Menu
Edit Undo
Ctrl+Z
Edit Undo
Ctrl+Z
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US
Command
US English
Shortcut Key
Bosnian (Latin)
Command
Bosnian (Latin)
Shortcut key
Edit Repeat
Ctrl+Y
Edit Repeat
Ctrl+Y
Edit Cut
Ctrl+X
Edit Cut
Ctrl+X
Edit Copy
Ctrl+C
Edit Copy
Ctrl+C
Edit Paste
Ctrl+V
Edit Paste
Ctrl+V
Edit Delete
Ctrl+Backspace
Edit Delete
Ctrl+Backspace
Edit Select All
Ctrl+A
Edit Select All
Ctrl+A
Edit Find
Ctrl+F
Edit Find
Ctrl+F
Edit Replace
Ctrl+H
Edit Replace
Ctrl+H
Edit Go To
Ctrl+B
Edit Go To
Ctrl+B
Help Menu
Help
F1
Help
F1
Font Format
Italic
Ctrl+I
Italic
Ctrl+I
Bold
Ctrl+G
Bold
Ctrl+G
Underlined\Word
underline
Ctrl+U
Underlined\Word underline
Ctrl+U
Large caps
Ctrl+Shift+A
Large caps
Ctrl+Shift+A
Small caps
Ctrl+Shift+K
Small caps
Ctrl+Shift+K
Paragraph Format
Centered
Ctrl+E
Centered
Ctrl+E
Left aligned
Ctrl+L
Left aligned
Ctrl+L
Right aligned
Ctrl+R
Right aligned
Ctrl+R
Justified
Ctrl+J
Justified
Ctrl+J
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Document Translation Considerations
Document localization may require some specific considerations that are different from software localization. This
section covers a few of these areas.
Titles
Capitalization: In the Bosnian (Latin) version of Microsoft documentation, only the first letter of a title or a heading
is capitalized, unless the heading also contains a word or words that would normally be written with capital letters.
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
What's New in Office 2010?
(+) Šta je novo u Officeu 2010?
If in English a heading begins with a gerund, try to use a nominalized form in Bosnian (Latin).
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Sending a File
(+) Slanje fajlova
Using Styles
(+) Korištenje stilova
Headings in lists and tables: Whenever possible, headings of lists and tables should consist of one or two
words, preferably active nouns. They should be concise, even if the original heading uses a longer phrase.
Example:
English Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
In order to
(+) Da biste:
Do this
(+) Uradite ovo:
How to use
(+) Kako koristiti:
First do this
(+) Najprije uradite ovo:
Then do this
(+) Zatim uradite ovo:
How to:
(+) Kako da:
Walkthrough
(+) Proba
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Copyright
Copyright protection is granted to any original work of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression from
which it can be perceived, reproduced, or communicated.
The following translations must be used:
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Bosnian (Latin) Example
Copyright
(+) autorsko pravo
All rights reserved
(+) sva prava pridrţana
Microsoft Corporation
(+) Microsoft Corporation
Pay attention to the fact that the trademarks and the name of Microsoft Corporation mustn‟t be localized. Also the
word 'Copyright' ('Autorsko pravo') can be omitted in the localized text if the © sign was preserved.
(+) English Example
(+)
Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft
Corporation.
(+) Windows® je registrovani zaštitni znak kompanije
Microsoft Corporation.
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