THE WEST
Encounters & Transformations
Third Edition
Chapter
13
The West and the
World:
The Significance of
Global Encounters,
1450–1650
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West and the World
I. Europeans in Africa
II. Europeans in the Americas
III. Europeans in Asia
IV. The Beginnings of the Global System
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in Africa
A. Sub-Saharan Africa Before Europeans
Arrived
1) Mali
2) Guinea
3) Ethiopia
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in Africa
B. European Voyages Along the African
coast
1) New Maritime Technology
a) Caravel
b) Compass
c) Astrolabe
2) New Colonialism
a) Settler colony
b) Plantation colony
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in Africa
B. European Voyages Along the African
coast
3) The Portuguese in Africa
a) Prince Henry the Navigator, 1394-1460
b) Trading posts
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in the Americas
A. The Americas Before the Conquistadores
1) The Aztec Empire of Mexico
a) Tenochtitlan
b) Human sacrifice
2) The Incan Empire of the Andes
a) Cuzco
b) Quito
-
Emperor Huayna Capac, r. 1493-1525
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in the Americas
B. The Mission of the European Voyagers
1) Christopher Columbus, 1451-1506
a) Route to the East Indies
2) Amerigo Vespucci, 1454-1512
a) New World
3) Bartholomew Dias, 1450-1500
a) Cape of Good Hope
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in the Americas
B. The Mission of the European Voyagers
4) Vasco da Gama, 1460-1524
a) Malabar Coast of India
5) Ferdinand Magellan, 1480-1521
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in the Americas
A. Fall of Aztec and Incan Empires
1) Hernán Cortés and Conquest of Mexico
a) Requerimiento
b) White god – “Quetzalcóatl”
2) Francisco Pizzaro and Conquest of Peru
a) Execution of emperor
b) Discovery of silver mine at Potosí
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in the Americas
B. Spanish America: Transplanting of
European Culture
1)
2)
3)
4)
Encomienda
Haciendas
Viceroys
Catholic missionaries
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in the Americas
C. Portuguese Brazil: The Tenuous Colony
1) Treaty of Tordesillas
2) Mestizo population
3) Aldeias
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in the Americas
D. North America: Land of Lesser Interest
1)
2)
3)
4)
Humphrey Gilbert
Walter Raleigh
Roanoke Island
Jamestown
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Europeans in Asia
A. Asia Before the European Empires
1) Ming China, 1368-1644
2) Maritime expeditions into Indian Ocean
B. Trading Post Empires
1) Factories
2) Nutmeg
3) Christianity
a) Jesuits
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Beginnings of the Global System
A. Columbian Exchange
1) Slave Trade
a) Africa
-
Middle Passage
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Beginnings of the Global System
A. Columbian Exchange
2) Biological Exchanges
a) Epidemics
-
Smallpox
Measles
Typhus
Scarlet fever
b) Columbian question
-
Syphilis
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Beginnings of the Global System
A. Columbian Exchange
2) Biological Exchanges
c) Animals and plants
-
Sheep, cattle, horses
Sugar, cotton, rice, indigo
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Beginnings of the Global System
A. Columbian Exchange
3) Problems of Cultural Diversity
a) Creation
b) Earthly paradise
c) Cultural relavism
The West: Encounters and Transformations, Third Edition
Levack • Muir • Veldman • Maas
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.