Restricted
UNDP/SIN/80/002
Terminal Report
SINGAPORE
Development of
the Instrumentation
and Control Diploma
Programme,Phase II
Project Findings
and
Recommendations
Serial No.: FMWSC/OPS/87/269
(UNDP)
United Nations Educational,
Scientific and
Cultural Organization
United Nations
Development
Programme
Paris, 1987
S I N G A P O R E
i-
DEIELOPMEMï OF THE INSTRUMENTATION AND
CONTROL DIPLOMA PROGRAMME, PHASE II
Project Findings and Recommendations
Report prepared for the Gov&mnent of
the Republic of Singapore by the
United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization (Unesco)
acting as Executing Agency for the
United Nations Development Programe
(wp)
United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural
Organization
United Nations
Development
Programe
.
UNDP/SIN/80/002
Terminal Report
FMR/SC/OPS/871269 (UNDP)
23 September 1987
@Unesco 1987
Printed in France
(i>
Table of Contents
Page
I. INTRODUCTION
1 - 2
II. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
2 - 3
III. OUTPUTS AND ACTIVITIES
3 - 4
IV. ACHIEVEMENT OF IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVES
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
UTILIZATION OF PROJECT RESULTS
4
5 - 6
EXTERNIIL RELATIONS
6
FINDINGS
6
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
7
APPENDIX A : Singapore Polytechnic
APPENDIX B : Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering
8 - 9
10
- 11
-
APPENDIX C : Programme of Studies Electronics
and Communication Department
APPENDIX D : Instrumentation and Control Systems
Course synop ses
12
13
- 14
APPENDIX E : Training manuals
15
APPENDIX F : List of National Staff
16
1
APPENDIX G : Unesco Fellowships
17
APPENDIX H : Equipment list for subjects:
Instrumentation and Control Systems
18
APPENDIX I : List of International Staff
19
SIN/80/002
- Development
of the Instrumentation and Control Diploma Programme,
Phase II
TERLYINAL REPORT
L
I.
INTRODUCTION
1.
The Project was intended to consolidate and bring to full fruition the
efforts made in the past under the UNDP/Unesco assisted project SIN/74/013 at the
Singapore Technical Institute (STI) and to upgrade the Instrumentation and Control
course from its existing level (Industrial Technician Certificate
ITC) to the
Technologist Diploma level. Since Instrumentation and Control was a field where
technology was changing very rapidly, the final report on the Instrumentation and
Control Project SIN/74/013 Phase I recommended continuing assistance from UNDP/
Unesco in order to update knowledge.
-
2.
The demand for qualified Instrumentation and Control technologists had
increased substantially, in terms of numbers and especially in terms of the
standard and range of training and experience expected. Due to the development
of more sophisticated and technologically progressive production in Singapore
in areas such as microprocessors, advanced medical instrumentation for hospitals
and instrumentation for pollution monitoring as well as automatic analysers in
industry, training should be designed to equip graduates with sufficient skills
to enable them to cope with work at existing levels and at levels that may be
required in-thenear future and also to adapt to new processes.
3.
A feasibility study undertaken by Unesco noted from the points of view
of the budget, technical development and staff'utilization, that it would be
beneficial to transfer the Instrumentation and Control Diploma programme to the
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at the Singapore
Polytechnic (SP).
4.
The Singapore Polytechnic was founded in October 1954 when the Singapore
Polytechnic Act was passed by the Legislative Council. In 1959, major changes
were made to bring the activities of the institution more into line with the
manpower needs implied by the Government's industrialization policy. During the
period from 1963
1964, the craft courses offered by the Polytechnic were
transferred to the Balestier Junior Trade School which became the Singapore
Vocational Institute. In 1969
1970, the Industrial Technician Certificate
Course was introduced but in 1975, owing to further re-organization, was placed
under the supervision of the Industrial Trainiu Board. Currently, seven
departments of the Polytechnic offer Technologist Diploma courses: Civil
Engineering and Building, Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Communication
Zngineering, Hechanical and Production Engineering, Nautical Studies, Chemical
Process Technology and ihrine Engineering. The Education Technology, English
Language and Mathematics/Science Divisions make up the service units (see
Apprendix A).
-
-
5.
The Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering of the
Singapore Polytechnic offers a Technologist Diploma in Electronics and
Communication Engineering. This course in applied engineering science prepares
students for branches related to Electronic Devices, Circuits and Systems.
- 2 -
The Department also conducts courses in various endorsement subjects for
Polytechnic graduates in this field (see Appendix B).
6.
The next phase of the Project was to develop the Instrumentation and
Control Diploma programme (Phase II). A formal request for approval of this
phase of the Project was submitted in December 1980 and accepted by UNDP in
January 1981. Unesco was designated as the Executing Agency for the project
SIN/80/002 and the Singapore Polytechnic as the Government Co-operating Agency,
Field work commenced in January 1981 and was scheduled for completion in
December 1983. This period was subsequently extended to October 1985 so as to
accommodate two lecturers sent on UNDP fellowships for post-graduate studies.
7.
An estimated budget of US $248,000 was proposed at the inception of the
Project. The actual expenditure has been $214,274.
II.
OBJECTIVES OF THE PR0,JECT
A..
Development objective
8.
The overall development objective was to further technical training
facilities in the field of Instrumentation and Control in order to meet the
growing need for qualified technical manpower. This aim was in line with
Síngapore'.s move towards higher technology.
.,
B.
Immediate objectives
9.
The immediate objectives of the Project were:
(i]
To transfer to the Singapore Polytechnic the Instrumentation
and Control training programme developed under Phase I in
the Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department of
the Singapore Technical Institute and to upgrade the course
to the Diploma level.
Initially, discussions were held with the Heads of
Department at the Polytechnic with a view to creating a
separate division for Instrumentation and Control.
However, it was finally decided that the Instrumentation
and Control programme should be implemented as a third-year
option in the Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering (see Appendix Cl.
(ii)
.
To develop three specialized topics in Instrumentation and
Control as part of the third-year Diploma option, including:
Instrumentation and Control II (computer control of industrial
processes), Advanced Electronic Instrumentation used in
electronic analysers for process and pollution control,
Electronic Instrumentation used in the medical field and
Process Control Instrumentation with emphasis on Direct
Digital Control.
.
i
- 3 -
Accompanying activities would include appropriate
laboratory experiments, the provision of training
manuals and the recruitment of qualified local staff.
(iii)
To consolidate curricula and teaching materials for
related subjects, along the lines of the training
manuals on Medical Instrumentation and analysers prepared
by the Consultant (see Appendices D and E).
III.
OUTPUTS AND ACTIVITIES
A.
International expert
10.
Mr. Ofer Bar was the Expert for Instrumentation in the Department of
Electronics and Communication Engineering at the Singapore Polytechnic over the
period from 1 January 1981 to 5 September 1982. Throughout his 20 month
assignment he worked with the national counterparts in the Department (see
Appendix F).
B.
Fel1owships
11.
Four lecturers from the Department of Elactronics and Communication
Engineering were sent on UNDP fellowships to pursue M.Sc. courses at different
institutions in the United Kingdom. Four fellowships were made available although
only two had been planned initially, as the second consultancy in Process Control
and Robotics was not filled.
12.
After successfully completing their post-graduate courses, Messrs. Goh Poh
Heng, Yeh Min Shon, Tan BinChyeand Lew Tong Yong returned to work at the
Singapore Polytechnic. They developed and consolidated the syllabuses, curricula
and teaching materials for (Instrumentation)), (Control, and t(Micr0processor
Application). The teaching materials include lecture and tutorial notes,
laboratory sheets and work sheets to facilitate learning. Mr. Tan Bin Chye has
since resigned from the service (see Appendix G).
C.
Recruitment and staff development
13.
In order to augment the staff strength required for teaching in the new
field, additional lecturers and laboratory technicians were recruited for the
Electronics and Communication Engineering Department. This was in-accordance with
the Project Agreement.
14.
The Singapore Polytechnic has also sponsored several other members of staff
willing to upgrade their knowledge in the area of Instrumentation and Control,
supplementing the fellowships awarded by UNDP. The institution has continued to
develop staff expertise to keep pace with the technological advances.
D.
cal industries
15.
In the initial stages of the programme, donations of second-hand
equipment for the study of medical and laboratory analysers and to facilitate
- 4 -
first-hand experience for student-technologists were solicited from appropriate
industries such as Shell Eastern Petroleum Company (Pte) Ltd., Fairchild
Singapore Pte Ltd., and the Ministry of Health. Not all the equipment was
suitable for use. Nevertheless, it was possible to dismantle some of the
machinery and use the component parts as apparatus for other experimental
projects. There was no provision in the funda provided by UNDP for the
procurement..of equipment.
E.
Transfer of instrumentation laboratories from the Singapore Technical
Institute (STI)
During the feasibility study made in 1980, it was recommended that the
16.
ITC Instrumentation and Control course be transferred from the Singapore
Technical Institute to the Singapore Polytechnic and at the same time upgraded
to the Technologist Diploma level offered at the Polytechnic. However, as the
Vocational and Industrial Training Board (VITB) wished to offer this subject as
one of its modules in its national trade and craft courses, it retained the
equipment for the Instrumentation and Control laboratories. While awaiting
completion of the new buildings intended to house the Instrumentation and Control
laboratories, the Department took steps to partition off some of the existing
facilities 'to create space for instrumentation development.
IV.
ACHIEVEMENT OF IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVE6
A.
New course option
.
17.
The main focus of the Project was the development and management of the
new optional course (Instrumentation and Control)). When the new academic session
commenced in June 1986, three specialized topics , ((Instrumentation)), (Control)),
and #Microprocessor Application, were offered under the Instrumentation and Control
option. The last has been extended to students in other years of study as well
as becoming one of the core subjects for all students pursuing the Electronic and
Communication Engineering course.
B.
Laboratories
18.
Four well equipped laboratories have been set up to facilitate the
teaching of the three topics. Two laboratories have been assigned to supplement
the teaching of ((Microprocessor Application)) and one each for ((Instrumentation))
and (Control)). These laboratories were equipped with funds from the SingapoFe
Polytechnic Five-Year Development Project from 1982 to 1986.
C.
19.
Student enrolment
One hundred and twenty or 25% of the available students chose this option
in June 1986. More students are expected to enrol as the programme develops.
Meanwhile, appropriate laboratory experiments are continuously being developed
and upgraded. Staff are also encouraged to keep in touch with industry to
ascertain requirements and ensure that the students are adequately trained.
>
Y
- 5 -
V.
UTILIZATION OF PROJECT RESULTS
20.
On the completion of their course, students who chose the Instrumentation
and Control option would be able to:
I
.
(a)
select appropriate transducers to measure physical
parameters such ao flow, temperature, level, position,
speed, etc. for both pneumatic and2lectronic
instrumentation, robotic and control systems applications;
(b)
interface the chosen transducer with an appropriate
control system;
(c)
choose appropriate control elements to satisfy a given
control problem and implement them using appropriate
technology;
(d)
install,commission and trouble-shoot the control system
once designed;
(e)
properly document the system installation and further
modifications;
(f)
provide system support functions to sales engineers for
instrumentation, robotic and control applications;
(8)
be capable of using appropriate CAD/CAM technology in
the instrumentation, robotic and control fields;
(h)
be capable of using appropriate computer-aided testing
techniques;
(i>
assume supervisory and leadership roles in industry;
(j)
choose between alternative control strategies based on
specifications and cost/benefit analysis;
(k)
display a professional attitude towards their work and
working relationships with their peers.
21.
These graduates can obtain employment and contribute to technological
know-how in the following fields (within the industry or the service organizations):
(i)
Basic Process Industries:
Traditional and Computer-Based Control of Industrial
Processes, i.e. (petroleum, food, etc.)
(ii)
Aviation and Maritime Industries:
Analysis, design, installation and report of instrumentation
systems for shipsldrilling rigs, etc.
-
- 6 -
(iii)
Industrial Process Control:
Specification, instáiíation, maintenance of automatic
control.systems used in industry.
í iv>
Robotics and Automated Factories:
Specification, installation and maintenance of control
systems used in robotics and automated factory applications.
(VI
Analytical Instrumentation:
Repair and maintenance of analytical instrumentation for
such fields as analytical chemistry, environmental
control (micro-electronics), medical equipment, etc.
(vi)
Building Management Systems:
Specification, installation, maintenance of automatic
control equipment used in high-rise office and residential
buildings.
(viil Instrumentation and Control System Sales:
Sales and technical support for a wide range of
instrumentation and control equipment.
22.
By liaising with industry, donations of equipment were'received. Also,
arrangements were made for lecturers to be attached to some of the companies so
as to gain first-hand experience and to be kept informed of the progress and
needs of industry in the area of instrumentation and control. Arrangements were
also made with various companies prepared to accept student-technologists for
industrial training as part of.their course requirements.
VI.
EXTERNAL RELATIONS
-
23.
From 2
6 February 1982, the Singapore Polytechnic hosted a Seminar and
Workshop on «The Use of Laboratories in Engineering Education)), sponsored by the
Unesco Regional Office in Jakarta. Many new ideas were presented and discussed at
the Seminar such as the importance of Industrial Liaison and Dynamic Syllabuses
for Instrumentation and Control.
VII.
24.
FINDINGS
Since the option on (Instrumentation and Control)) is recent, it is still
too early to discuss any significant findings. However, since 25% of the
available students have opted for it, there is every indication that the option
has been welcomed. The benefits of the course will only appear once the students
are fully employed in industry.
- 7 -
VIII.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The response of the student-technologists to the new option has been
25.
favourable, not least because of the good job prospects it opens. Their work
will make a significant contribution to Singapore's technological progress.
26.
However, since instrumentation and control remains a field where new
technology is changing rapidly, continuous updating of knowledge and skills for
staff teaching in this subject area must be sustained. Instrumentation such as
advanced circuitries in integrated circuits and microprocessors are integral
parts of the industrial equipment used today. Updating might take the form of
more overseas fellowships for further training or recruitment of consultants
to advise and guide local staff in the development and management of the course.
UNDP has further assisted the development of this programme through
27.
another project, SIN/84/003 (Technician Training)). The support provided has
enabled several local members of staff to improve their knowledge with regard to
this option. The Singapore Polytechnic has undertaken to continue to upgrade its
staff expertise so as to ensure that student-technologists will receive the
required training which will equip them for work in tho field of Instrumentation
and Control.
.
.
- 8 -
APPENDIX A
Singapore Polytechnic
i
The Singapore Polytechnic was established in pctober 1954 when the
Singapore Polytechnic Act was passed by the Legislative Council. The first
academic term commenced in November 1958. The idea of a polytechnic dates
from August 1951, when an ad hoc committee of the Malayan Society of Engineers,
formed to investigakthe shortage of draughtsmen and technicians in the
engineering industry, suggested training in other areas such as seamanship ,
architecture and accountancy. In September 1953, the committee, headed by
Professor E.H.G. Dobby, recommended the establishment
of a polytechnic. The
..
Committee's report defines the Polytechnic as an institute teaching many
branches of technical and professional knowledge and primarily intended to
provide part-time instruction for employed people who seek additional skill
in and more advanced knowledge of their occupation, and certification of their
standards and attainments". The Government accepted the Dobby Report in
principle. It invited Mr. A.W. Gibson, Principal of the Dudley and Staffordshire
Technical College, United Kingdom, to advise on professional and administrative
measures for the establishment of the Singapore Polytechnic.
With the achievement of internal self-government in 1959, major changes
were made in the Polytechnic to relate it more closely to the manpower
requirements of the Government's industrialization programmes. The general
education and office arts courses were discontinued and the remaining
Departments of Engineering, Architecture and Building, Accountancy and Nautical
Studies were fully established. A local examination system with external and
internal examiners replaced the previous system of overseas examination.
Diplomas at craft , technican and profess ional levels were awarded.
1
During the 1963-1964 Session, craft courses were transferred from the
Polytechnic to the then Balestier Junior Trade School, which became the
Singapore Vocational Institute. In the same year, a team of experts headed by
Dr. C.A. Hart arrived from the United Kingdom to make recommendations on the
development of advanced courses at the Polytechnic. It was subsequently announced
that the Polytechnic was to develop into a technical college and a technical
university. Meanwhile, negotiations were initiated with the University of
Singapore to work out an arrangement under which the Polytechnic's professional
enginnering, architecture and accountancy students would be awarded degrees by the
University. Following agreement with the University, degree courses in these
subjects began with effect from the 1965-:966
Session. In 'the re-organization
undertaken in May 1969, the School of Accountancy and.the degree courses of the
Schools of Engineering and Architecture & Building were transferred to the then
University of Singapore. The Industrial Technician Certificate Course was
introduced in the 1969-1970 Session as there was a demand for an intermediate
level of graduates between the craft courses of the vocational institutes and
the Polytechnic Technician Diploma to fill a wide range of junior technical
posts with a minimum of further training. However, with further re-organization
in 1975, the Industrial Technician Certificate Course was transferred to the
Industrial Training Board and the Polytechnic now conducts mainly Technician
Diploma Courses.
- 9 APPENDIX A (Cont'd)
Since 1972, the Polytechnic has been operating at its three campuses at
Prince Edwards Road, Ayer Rajah Road and Dover Road. There is also a Boat and
Radar Station of the Department of Nautical Studies at Pasir Panjang. The
construction of the new Polytechnic on a 37 hectare site at Dover Road commenced
on 15 October 1974. At a special ceremony held on 12 April 1975, the then
Minister for Science and Technology, Dr. Toh Chin Chye, laid the Foundation
Stone for the new Polytechnic. The new campus was officially opened by the
Prime Minister, Mr. Lee Kuan Yew, on 7 July 1979.
i
There are seven academic Departments at the Polytechnic. These are the
Departments of Civil Engineering and Building, Electriciai Engineering,
Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mechanical and Production Engineering
and Nautical Studies and the Divisions of Chemical Process Technology and Marine
Engineering. Support teaching is provided by the Division of Mathematics and
Science and the Audio Visual Aids and English Language Units. There is also a
Department of Continuing Education and a Computer Centre. The aims of the
engineering departments and divisions are to provide trained technical personnel
to meet the needs of industry, statutory bodies and the civil service. The
Department of Nautical Studies trains young persons to become deck officers and
radio officers on board merchant ships as well as providing further academic
educationto merchant navy officers seeking advancement in their careers.
The Technician Diploma Courses are of three years' duration, if taken
full-time. In certain fields, part-time day-release diploma courses are
available and are of five years' duration. These part-time diploma courses are also
conducted in the evenings. Courses in the Department of Nautical Studies qualify
students for certificates of the Polytechnic whilst at the same time prepare
them for examinations leading to qualifications of the Marine Department and the
Telecommunication Authority of Singapore.
The Technician Diploma Courses deal in depth with a specific area of
technology and the emphasis is on industrial application. Forty per cent of the
time is spent on practical work in the workshops and laboratories. Students are,
in addition, given the opportunity to undertake training in industry under
supervision during vacations. Every effort is made to integrate this training
with the theoretical part of their course. Students pursuing the Pre-Sea Training
Course in the Department of Nautical Studies have to undergo practical as well as
theoretical training.
The Polytechnic maintaias close links with industry. Representatives from
the Government, industry and labour sit on the Board of Governors. Various
advisory committees representing the views of specific industries and of sections
of industry meet from time to time to discuss special areas of interest. Such
committees play a part in deciding on the courses, the syllabi and the type of
practical training to be given.
I
- 10 APPENDIX B
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
-
The Department of Electronics and Communication -Engineering offers the
Technician Diploma Course in Electronics and Communication Engineering. This
course prepares students for the application of that branch of engineering science
related to electronic devices, circuits and systems. The Department also conducts
.- various endorsement subjects for Polytechnic graduates in this field.
Technician Diploma in Electronics and Communication Engineering
This is a three-year full-time or five-year part-time day-release or
evenings-only course. .
Subj-ects of study :
Full-time First Year :
1102
306 9
3070
5153
5164
516 7
6000
1500
Mathematics
Electrical Engineering I
Electronics
Materials and Processes
Engineering Drawing
Mechanical Engineering Science
Workshop Practice
Language Laboratory
-
Fu1 1 t ime Second Year:
1001
1224
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
'
Computer Programming (for 'A' level students only)
Mathematics and Computer Programming
Electronic Devices
Engineering El ectroncis
Electrical Engineering II
Communication Eng ineering Princip1es
Network Analysis and Measurements
Electronic Project I
Full-time Third Year
1322
3214
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
Mathematics
Electronic Project II
Digital Electronics and Computer Fundamentals
Industrial Electronics
Television Engineering
Electronic Communication Systems
Instrumentation and Control
- 11 APPENDIX B (Cont'd)
Day-release/Evenings-only First Year:
1102
306 9
3070
516 7
Mathematics
Electrical Engineering I
Electron ics
Mechanical Engineering Science
Day-release/Evenings-only Second Year:
1222
3234
5153
5164
Mathematics
Network Analysis and Measurements
Materials and Processes
Engineering Drawing
Day-release/Evenings-only Third Year :
1322
3230
3231
3232
Mathematics
Electronic Devices
Engineering Electronics
Electrical Engineering II
Day-release/Evenings-only Fourth Year:
1001
3233
3250
3251
.
Computer Programing
Communication Engineering Principles
Digital Electronics and Computer Fundamentals
Industrial Electronics
Day-release/Evenings-only Fifth Year:
325 2
3253
3254
Television Engineering
Electronic Communication Systems
Instrumentation and Control
- 12 APPENDIX C
Programme of Studies
- Electronics and Communication Department
,
Proposed Three-year Full-time Course Programme for:
(a)
(b)
(c)
'L
Key:
-
Technician Dip.loma in Telecommunication Engineering
Technician Diploma in Computer Engineering
Technician Diploma in Instrumentat5on and Control Engineering
=
=
T =
Lb =
hpw
L
Hours per week
Lecture
Tutorial
Laboratory/practical
1'0' Levei IntakeJ
hPW
L I Lb
1. Mathematics
Tir
2. Elect.Engg.1
2 1 1
4
3. Electronics
2 l +
4. Digital Electronics
2 1 i/t
5. Katerials h Processes
2
2
6. hgg.Drawing h Drafting
3
7. Eltrn.W'shop Practice
3
ô. Mach.W'shop Practice
3
9. English Language
(hpv yet to be decided)l0
Year I
(Common1
1983184
-- ----
Total hpw 29L
Y
i
I
'A' Level Intake
i.
Year II
(Common)
1984 I85
Total hpw Si.$
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
hp'h
LyLb
2 1 Machematics
Comptiter P r o g r a m i n g
1 1 1
Project I
3
Linear Network h Systems 2 1 1 L
Elect.Engg.11
2 1 ir,
2 1 l h
Analogue Systems
2 1 1%
Digital Systems
Analogue Cornnication
Systems
2 1 K .
English Language
(hpw yet to be h c i d e d )
13 7 11%
Year III (1985/86)
r
1
Tel e c o m n ica t ion
Engineering
1. Mathematics
2. Project II
.3. Data C o r n n i c a r i o n
4. Computer d
Microprocessor
Applications
5. Digital Communications
Cy stems
6. Transmission Systems
7. Television Engg.
Total hpw 28%
--
I
I
JI
Compurer Engineering
hPV
L T S
2 1 -
--3
2 1 i&
2 1
lk
2 1 14
2
14
2 1 :1
12 6 10.4
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mathematics
Project II
Data Communication
Computer &
Microprocessor
Applications
5. Software Engg.
6. Compuier ûperations
i: Microprocessor
System Design
Total hpw 28,;;.
hpv
-L T
S
--
2 1 3
2 1 14
2 1 l'i
2 1! l
2 19'1
2 1 1%.
1 2 6 10:
i
I nstrumentation &
Control b g g .
.
hPV
7
L 7
TLb
1.
2.
3.
4.
ulathematics
Project I I
Data C o r n n i c a t i o n
Computer &
Microp roc essor
Applications
5. Power Electronics
6. Instrumentation
7. Control
-2 -1 li3,
2
2
2
2
12
1 .1
1 1%
1
1 1%
6 loli
Total hpw 28.'~
- 13 APPENDIX D
Instrumentation and Control Systems Course synopses
Instrumentation Course synopses
Transducer s
Sensors for physical and analytical measurements.
Characteristics of sensors and calibration.
Signal converters.
Signal process ing
Signal processing circuits using operational amplifiers.
Integrated instrumentation amplifiers.
Programmable operational amplifiers.
Linear multipliers.
Shielding and guarding in electronic instrumentation.
Safety precautions.
Dig ital techniques
Sampling and quantization.
Time division multiplexing and pulse modulation techniques.
Analog multiplexers, digital to analog and analog to digital converters.
Sample and hold circuits.
Display and recording devices.
Digital signal processing using microprocessors.
Data acquisition
Data logging and data reduction.
Microprocessor applications in data acquisition.
Hardware and software interfacing.
Standard bases.
Alarm and interlock systems.
Data communication
Common codes in data communication.
Transmission modes.
Phase locked loop applications in MODEM.
Error detecting and correcting codes.
Network configuration and protocols.
Applications
Applications in medical instrumentation, industrial process control
and computer networks.
- 14 APPENDIX D (Cont'd)
Control systems Course synopses
Introduction to Control Theory I
Examples of open-loop and closed-loop control systems.
Definition of linear control system.
Models of linear control systems.
Analysis by transform techniques.
General characteristics of open-loop and closed-loop systems.
System specification.
Concept of stability.
Steady-state and transient responses.
Introduction to Control Theory II
Stability analysis.
Frequency response, phase margin and gain margin.
Applications to Senromechanism
Servo-system components.
System type classification.
Analysis of second order system, relationship between frequency
and time responses.
Compensation techniques.
Applications to Industrial Processes
Process plant descriptions.
Interaction in process.
Control mode and system performance.
Performance criteria.
Practical process controllers, alignment and calibration.
Process transducers and transmitters, calibration.
Control valve characteristics and selection.
Controller settings.
Case studies of some typical industrial process control system.
Advanced control techniques.
Computer Control Systems
Direct digital control and backup measures.
Set point control.
Application of microprocessors in multi-loop processes.
Distributed control with microprocessors.
- 15 APPENDIX E
Training manuals
Medical Electronics (3 volumes)
Vol.
I
-
Vol.
II
-
Respiratory Monitors
Oxygen Analysers
Blood-Gas Analysers
Cardiac-Output Analysers
Medical CRT Displays
Vol. III
-
Recorders
Cardiac Pacemakers
Defibrillators
Test Instruments
Safety in the ICU/CCLJ
EKG Amplifiers
Arrhythmia Monitors
Blood Pressure Instruments
.
.
Direct Systo1ic /Diasto1ic Measurements
Analysers (1 volume)
Chapter 1
Non Selective Analysers
Hydrostatic Densimeter
Picnometric Densimeter
Piezometric Instruments
Pneumometric Densimeter
Thermal Densimeter
Thermal Densimeter based on vapour pressure
Radiation Densimeter
Measurement Viscosity
Viscosimeter based on the attenuation of a sound wave
Rotating Body Vi scosimet er
Brookfield Viscosimeter
Rotametric Viscosimeter
Measurement of Viscosimeter of time measurement
Measurement of Paste Viscosity
Analysers based on optical properties of liquids and gases
Chapter 2
Colorimeter Turbidity Measurement
Turbidity Measurement
Bran and Turbidity Measurement
Photometer
Gas Colour and Gas Turbidity Measurement
Silicometer
Measurement of the crvstallisation point
Chapter 3
Refractometer
Industrial Refractometer
Polarimeter
Analysers based on electrical properties
Conductive Measurement
- 16
-
APPENDIX F
List of-Natconal Staff
Name
Position Held
Qualifications
Dr. Khoo Poon Tong
Head of Department
B. Sc., .M.Phil., Ph.D,
M.Inst.P, C.Eng. ,
MIERE, MIEE.
Miss Chew Moi Tin
Lecturer
B.Sc.(Elec.&
m. Lee
Lecturer
B.Eng.(Elect.),
Lecturer
B. Sc. (Elec. (Hons)
Tech.Dip. (Elect.& Com.)
Wee Sit
Mr. Tan Bin Chye
Elect.)(Hons)
MIS
- 17 APPENDIX G
Unesco Fellowships
Name of Fellow
Country of
Origin
Field of
Study
Place of
Study
Period of
S tudy
Goh Poh Heng
Singapore
&Ec (Control
Sy c t ems)
Univ. of
Manchester
Inst. of Sc.
& Tech., UK
28.9.82 to
30.9.83
Tan Bin Chye
S ingapore
MSc (Pigital
ins trument ation)
Univ. College 27.9.82 to
of Swansea,
19.9';83
UK
Yeh Min Shon
Singapore
MSc (Robotics)
Imperial
College of
Sc. & Tech.
UK
1 J0.84 to
3.10.85
MSc (Robotics)
üriiv. of
Wales, Inst.
of sc. &
Tech., UK
ió. 9.a4 to
15.10.85
Lew Tong Yong
--
.
Malaysia
(S ingapore
P.R.)
'
.
.
.-
- 18 APPENDIX H
Equipment list for subjects: Instrumentation and Control Systems
Quantity
De scription
,
Unit
Price
Total
cost
($1
($1
Instrumentat ion Lab oratory
15
1 ,200
18,000
300
50
15,000
Dual output power supply
15
1,200
18,000
Ultra low frequency function generator
15
3,500
52,500
Oscilloscope
15
1,500
22,500
6809 based single board micro-computer
with analogy interface
1.5
2 ,O00
30,000
Servomechanism teaching set
2
8 ,500
17,000
Process control simulator
2
6,500
13,000
X-Y plotter
2
3,000
6 ,O00
Electronic controller
4,000
16 ,O00
Electronic differential pressure transmitter
4
4
4,000
16 ,O00
Pneumatic controller
2
3,000
6 ,O00
Model plant
3
20 ,O00
6 O,,O00
Micro-computer with real time operating system
2
50 ,O00
100,000
Chart recorder with drive motor telecommanded
by external contact
2
5 ,O00
10 ,O00
Pneumatic supply system
1
12,000
12,000
Breadboard with supplies and switches
Breadboard
Control Laboratory
Total :
The project provided no equipment from UNDP funds.
- 19 APPENDIX I
List
Name
Country of
Origin
of International
Staff
Field of
Specialization
Duration
From
Instrumentation
and Control
01.01.81.
05.09.82
01.07.80
31.12.80
of Contract
To
Expert
Bar,
0.
Israel
Consultant
Bar,
0.
Israel