SS20-2 Chapter 4 Notes Complete
September 29, 2015
Understanding Nationalism
Chapter 4: Reconciling Nationalist and Non-Nationalist Loyalties
Chapter Issue: How can nationalist and non-nationalist loyalties be
reconciled?
This chapter explores factors such as non-nationalist and competing loyalties and
how people have reconciled contending loyalties.
In this chapter you will learn about the following concepts:
there are non-nationalist loyalties
there can be competing factors for loyalties
people can try to change their nation to accommodate non-nationalist loyalties
Topics covered in this chapter include:
What non-nationalist loyalties are, and types of non-nationalist loyalties
How nationalist and non-nationalist loyalties compete
How people have reconciled contending loyalties
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
1.
explain the difference between a nationalist and a non-nationalist loyalty
2.
create a chart listing five of your nationalist loyalties and five non-nationalist
loyalties
3.
review loyalties involved in the Winnipeg General Strike
4.
Discuss how cutting down forests to produce oil from the oil sands could
create contending loyalties for an environmentalist
Paragraph: How can nationalist and non-nationalist loyalties be reconciled?
What is happening in this picture? What are the pros and cons?
Are there contending loyalties involved?
Humane Society Video
Seal Hunt Defended
1
SS20-2 Chapter 4 Notes Complete
September 29, 2015
- loyal to your nation
- loyal to groups, (class, culture,
religion, ethnicity) or regions
You do not need to give up old loyalties for new loyalties - you can
have as many as you need!
being loyal to your religion or beliefs
For example: going to church, doing things to affirm your
faith, necklaces.
loyalty to an area
For example: attending events in your area, promoting the
economy of your area (shopping in your town), attending
community meetings, environmental protection.
Cultural loyalty - loyalty to a way of life
For example: dress, specific foods, traditions.
Ethnic loyalty - being loyal to people of your race
For example: language, marriage "dots", Chinese New Year.
Class Loyalty - being loyal to a socio-economic group
For example: showing support for homeless people, people
with the same income and social status (as friends).
2
SS20-2 Chapter 4 Notes Complete
September 29, 2015
Distinguishing between Nationalist and Non-Nationalist Loyalties
It is not always easy to decide if a loyalty is nationalist or nonnationalist.
How could loyalty to friends be non-nationalist? Nationalist?
Think of the categories of non-nationalist loyalties illustrated in the
photo essay on page 87: there can be connections between each type
of loyalty (a regional loyalty can also involve cultural or class loyalties,
for example).
How is Newfoundland an example of a regional loyalty as well as a
cultural loyalty?
These loyalties can change into a collective consciousness and
eventually become nationalist loyalties.
How did the Tibetans religious and regional loyalties become nationalist
loyalties?
Over time being isolated from other religions and areas, they began to
develop a stronger bond within their religion and area, and a desire to
control their own affairs came shortly after - this is the basis of national
loyalty.
Loyalties involved:
> class loyalty: workers wanted better working conditions and
banded together in attempt to get what they
wanted
> nationalist loyalty: some thought strikers were trying to "overturn
organized society, so the federal government
intervened to prevent the strike from spreading
What happened in the end?
The intervention ended with violence that killed 2 people
and injured 30 others. Due to the violence, the strike
leaders called off the strike.
3
SS20-2 Chapter 4 Notes Complete
September 29, 2015
Catholics were forced to move and treated poorly just because
they were Catholic.
Inflation and an oil shortage
caused an increase in oil and gas prices, and consequently, an
increase in the cost of manufactured products produced in eastern
Canada. But at the same time, the higher oil & gas prices were
creating better profits for Albertans.
>
Clash of loyalties: Albertians loyalty to the economy of Alberta (oil
& gas industry), was
years.
What is the National Energy Program?
The program that created Petro-Canada
(when it was government-owned).
> designed to protect Canadians from rising world oil prices and
become self-sufficient in oil production
> Albertans thought the NEP would actually hurt the economy
here, and they were right! Why?
International companies here closed down local production to
focus on other places where they could charge world oil prices.
> What happened in Alberta as a result of the NEP?
Many Albertans lost their jobs, and their homes before the
federal government finally agreed to give Alberta more
control over oil prices and revenues.
4
SS20-2 Chapter 4 Notes Complete
September 29, 2015
Oil sands and loyalties
> As the price of oil continued to go up, developers saw a
profitable opportunity in developing the oil sands. This
presented some challenges for Alberta because more work
meant more people moving to the area, and therefore, more
housing needed.
– housing shortages meant the cost of housing went up
– building new housing requires lumber
– oil sands development requires a lot of water for the
extraction process
> What loyalties are in conflict in this situation for an
environmentalist who lives in the Fort McMurray area?
Oil sands and ideological loyalties
> What is an ideological loyalty?
Ideology is a way of thinking, therefore and ideological
loyalty is being true to a set of beliefs or a way of thinking.
This type of loyalty can also be in conflict with regional and
nationalist loyalties.
> How can someone who supports oil sands development be
influenced by their regional and nationalist loyalties?
> How can these loyalties be in competition with the ideological
loyalty of believing in environmental stewardship and sustainable
prosperity?
Oil sands and cultural loyalties
> How has the development of the oil sands has affected the way of
life of some First Nations people?
– provides employment and economic benefits
– changes the landscape, making traditional living more difficult
– uses a lot of fresh water to extract crude from the sand,
reducing supply of fresh water, and can affect not only water
supply but also quality when waste water is returned (some
areas do not have water that is fit to drink anymore)
> What are the contending loyalties for the First Nations peoples in
these areas? Can they be reconciled? If so, how?
5
SS20-2 Chapter 4 Notes Complete
1.
2.
3.
September 29, 2015
Live with the contending loyalties
Choose one loyalty over another
Accommodate non-nationalist loyalties by bringing
about change in the nation.
Living with Contending Loyalties
people may choose not to reconcile their contending nationalist and
non-nationalist loyalties for many reasons (don't know what to do,
think it's easier to live with it, don't think they can make a difference,
or are just too busy), but in the long run, keeping quiet is not the
best option because someone else may end up making their
decisions for them
Choosing one Loyalty over Another
By choosing one loyalty over another, you sacrifice part of
your identity, and can feel like you don't quite belong.
____________________________________________________
Finding Ways to Include Nationalist and Non-Nationalist Loyalties
By accommodating non-nationalist loyalties, you can eliminate
the conflict between that loyalty and your national loyalty, and not
compromise your identity.
How did Governor General Michaelle Jean reconcile her nationalist
and non-nationalist loyalties? What does her coat of arms tell us?
Bringing about Change in the Nation
It is possible to change a nation to accommodate non-nationalist
loyalties - usually by fighting for a cause within the nation
How did the black people of Canada bring about change to
accommodate their ethnic non-nationalist loyalty?
Fighting for a Sense of Belonging
What is segregation?
The forced separation of racial groups
What was the situation in Arkansas to do with segregation?
A group of 9 African-American teens were the first black students to
go to a white school, and although the law allowed it and the
government tried to protect them, they were harassed and abused.
What non-nationalist loyalty were the teens trying to reconcile?
6
SS20-2 Chapter 4 Notes Complete
September 29, 2015
Fighting for Religious Freedoms
What is the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
It guarantees the rights and freedoms we have as
Canadians. Among those rights is religious freedom.
How did the Alberta Government infringe on religious rights in 2003?
The Alberta Government mandated that all drivers licenses required
a photograph, which infringed on the religious freedoms of the
Wilson Siding Hutterite Colony in southern Alberta.
Why was this a problem for them? What nationalist and non-nationalist
loyalties were at conflict in this situation? How were these loyalties
reconciled?
> Their religion does not allow them to willingly be photographed
> Nationalist loyalty: to Canada and following the laws
> Non-nationalist loyalty: to religion and not being photographed
> The members of the colony challenged the law in court on the
basis that it infringed upon their religious freedoms and the court
agreed. They were allowed to carry licenses without pictures
until the province appealed the decision to the Supreme Court of
Canada in 2007 and the decision was overturned.
Making Reconciliation Work
What situation arose concerning a Canadian after 9/11?
After the 9/11 attacks on the USA, a Canadian who was born in
Syria was flying home and detained in New York by officials due to
inaccurate information from Canadian officials. They accused him
of being a terrorist and deported him to Syria.
He was in jail and tortured for the next year, while his wife made
his situation known at home. Eventually the pressure on the
government encouraged them to request his release, and he got
to come home after a year.
What do you think his reaction was when he got home? What
loyalties would have been in conflict?
Read the section on page 100 and jot a few notes about what he did
when he got home and how he reconciled his contending nationalist
and non-nationalist loyalties.
> He fought to clear his name to make sure all Canadians are
treated fairly.
> Loyalties at conflict were to his religion & ethnicity, as well as to
Canada.
> He reconciled them by making sure that his people were able to
continue practicing their religion, but also that Canada was seen
as a leader in human rights by ensuring all Canadians are treated
the same. Fighting for his rights in this situation was also fighting
for Canada.
7
SS20-2 Chapter 4 Notes Complete
September 29, 2015
Chapter 4 Assignment
1.
Create a chart and list five of your na onalist and five of your non-na onalist
loyal es. Do any of them conflict? How do you reconcile those?
/6
2.
Consider the following situa ons. In each case, state how na onalist and nonna onalist loyal es might conflict. Be sure to iden fy which is the na onalist
loyalty, and which is the non-na onalist loyalty, as well as what type of nonna onalist loyalty it is (regional, cultural, religious, class, ethnic, or ideological
- or a combina on of these). Point form is fine!
/8
> you are an enthusias c environmentalist, but the only summer job you can
find is in the oil sands
> your family's income depends on the oil industry, and you are the president
of a local environmental group
3.
In your own words, explain the difference between a na onalist and a nonna onalist loyalty.
/2
4.
In order of importance, list two reasons people would want to reconcile their
na onalist and non-na onalist loyal es, as well as two reasons people might
not want to reconcile their na onalist and non-na onalist loyal es. Which of
the reasons you listed do you think is the most important. Explain the reasons
for your judgment.
/4
Chapter 4 Paragraph
On the basis of your current understanding of nationalism and loyalties, write
a paragraph response to the chapter issue:
Should nationalist and non-nationalist loyalties be reconciled?
Be sure to write in paragraph format, and include ideas from this chapter to
support your thinking. Your paragraph may include personal experiences as
well, but must discuss events from the chapter in relation to your opinion.
Try formatting your paragraph something like this:
Sentence 1: explain what the issue is (summarize the chapter question in your
own words).
Sentence 2-3: explain why someone would say yes, and give an example of
why reconciling a nationalist and non-nationalist loyalty would
be a good thing.
Sentence 4-5: explain why someone might say no, and give an example of
why someone might not want to reconcile a nationalist and nonnationalist loyalty.
Sentence 6: summarize your thoughts.
8