Chapter 6 Earthquakes
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Study Guide
Dr. Church’s 6th grade Earth Science
List and describe the stresses on rocks. Know the direction they act and the causes they
effect.
Describe what type of fault is caused by the different stresses.
Describe the different types of land forms created by earthquake activity (anticlines,
synclines, folded mountains, fault block mountains, and plateaus).
List and describe the three types of seismic waves.
Explain what the focus and epicenter of an earthquake are.
List and describe the four different ground movement monitoring devices.
Understand the key fault that exists in the United States and the risks associated with
earthquakes based on your location in the U.S.
Explain the four causes of damage caused by an earthquake.
List and describe the different types of folds caused by compression.
Understand the relationship between stress and how energy is added and removed
form rocks.
Understand how scientists detect a fault and how seismic waves act when they reach a
fault.
Know where and why earthquakes are most likely to occur.
The process in which shaking turns soft soil into mud is liquefaction. Explain
liquefaction; its causes and effects.
List and describe the three types of faults (normal, reverse, strike-slip). Be able to
recognize them from a drawing.
Also know what kinds of stresses cause the different types of faults.
Understand the relationship between P-waves, S-waves, Surface waves and how
scientists locate the epicenter of an earthquake. The further away the epicenter is from
the seismograph, the longer the time will be between the arrival of the P-waves and Swaves.
Describe the differences between the Mercalli scale, the Richter scale, and the moment
magnitude scale.
Explain why it is so difficult for geologists to predict earthquakes.
Earthquakes
Know the relationship between the focus and epicenter of an earthquake.