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a) Globes and maps
They represent the Earth accurately
(similar shape)
They aren’t as accurate as globes
Three-dimensional representation
Two-dimensional representation
They don’t contain detailed information
They provide practical information
(roads, streets, countries…)
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b) Establishing directions
-. North
-. Cardinal points
-. South
-. East
-. West
-. We use
-. Nature
-. The Sun
-. The North Star
-. Instruments > Compass
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1.- Complete de sentences
-. ……….. rises in the ….. and ……… in the west.
-. The Earth isn’t a perfect …..; Really, it is a ……
-. The compass always indicates …….
2.- Write the name of these pictures
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1.- Do you know these words?
Sphere ...........
Globes ...........
Map ...........
Cardinal point ...........
North ...........
South ...........
East ...........
West ...........
Compass ...........
Arrow ...........
Rise ...........
Set ...........
2.- Classroom vocabulary
In this section, we will learn
an important vocabulary and
expressions that will be very
useful in classroom
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• Come in.
• Stand by your desks.
• Go out.
• Put your hands up.
• Stand up.
• Put your hands down.
• Sit down.
• Hold your books/pens up.
• (Be) quiet
• Silence, please
Thematic
(Particular subject)
Political (Political organization)
Physical (Relief)
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-. Title (What the map is about)
-. Arrow (Pointing north)
-. Scale (Show the relation between the real size and the size of the map)
Elements of a map
-. Parallels and meridians (Imaginary lines)
-. Key or Legend (Explanation of the map’s symbols)
-. Texts (Names of places, rivers…)
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1.- Can you find the basic elements (title, key…) of a map in the
following picture? Write two examples of…
a) Texts:
b) Parallels and meridians:
c) Key:
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1.- Key map or legend
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1.- Key map or legend
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1.- Key map or legend
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Key
map
or
legend
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a) Meridians and parallels
They’re a series of imaginary vertical and horizontal lines enables us to identify a location on Earth
Parallels
Meridians
OTHER IMPORTANT PARALLELS
(From north to south)
The Artic Circle
The Tropic of Cancer
The Tropic of Capricorn
Semicircles which go from one pole toThe
theAntarctic
other Circle
They are perpendicular to the meridians
Prime / Greenwich meridian (0º)
Point of references for other meridians
It divides the Earth into 2 hemispheres: The
western hemisphere and the eastern hemisphere
Equator: The most important
It divides the Earth into 2 hemispheres: The
northern and the southern hemisphere
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OTHER IMPORTANT PARALLELS
(From north to south)
The Artic Circle
The Tropic of Cancer
The Tropic of Capricorn
The Antarctic Circle
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b) Latitude and longitude
Latitude and longitude indicate geographical coordinates of a place.
Latitude
Longitude
It’s measured by using the parallels which start at
the equator (0º) > At the poles they’re 90º
It’s measured by using the meridians which
start at Greenwich meridian (0º)
They are…
They run vertically from 0º to 180º…
North (N) > Located in the northern hemisphere
-. To the west (W)
South (S) > Located in the southern hemisphere
-. To the east (E)
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Scale
Indicate the difference between the size of something in the real world and its size on a map
Numeric scale
Graphic or bar scale
It’s expressed as a fraction
It’s a bar or line divided into equal segments.
Jaime Arias Prieto