ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
A
Adenine
An
Absorbance at ‘n’ (wavelength in nm)
ACC
1-aminocylcopropane-1-carboxylic acid
ANOVA
Analysis of Variance
APL
Aminophospholipid
ARDRA
Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis
ARISA
Automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis
bp
Base pair
BR
Bharbhiaya-Rao
C
Cytosine/Carbon
CAA
Casamino acid
CAS
Chrome azurol S
CDA
Czapek’s Dox Agar
cDNA
Complementary DNA
cfu
Colony forming unit(s)
CMC
Carboxymethyl cellulose
d
Day(s)
D
Dextrorotatory
DAP
Diamino pimelic acid
DDH
DNA-DNA hybridization
DF
DGGE
Dworkin and Foster
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis
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Abbreviations and Symbols
DL
DMSO
Racemic mixture of dextro and levorotatory stereoisomers
Dimethyl sulphoxide
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
dNTP
Deoxynucleotide
DPG
Diphosphatidyl glycerol
EDTA
e.g.
et al.
F
FAME
G
GC
GM1
h
Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid
Exempli gratia (for example)
et alii (and everyone else)
Forward primer
Fatty acid methyl ester
Guanine
Gas chromatography
Gauze’s Medium No. 1
Hour(s)
HCN
Hydrogen cyanide
HPLC
High performance liquid chromatography
HTS
High-throughput screening
HV
Humic acid-Vitamin
IAA
Indole acetic acid
i.e.
IMS
IMTECH
id est (that is that means)
Imaging mass spectroscopy
Institute of Microbial Technology
ISCC-NBS Inter-Society Colour Council – National Bureau of Standard
ISP
International Streptomyces Project
xxii
Abbreviations and Symbols
ITS
Internally transcribed spacer
kan
Kanamycin
kb
Kilobase
L
Levorotatory
LB
Luria-Bertani
LC
Liquid chromatography
m
Metre
mM
M
MALDITOF
Millimolar
Molar
Microbial matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight
Mb
Mega bases
min
Minute(s)
mg
Milligram
MK
menaquinone
ml
Millilitre
ML
Maximum likelihood
MLSA
Multilocus sequence analysis
mm
Millimetre
mol
Mole
MP
Maximum parsimony
MRSA
Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MR-VP
Methyl Red-Voges Proskaeur
MS
Mass Spectroscopy
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Abbreviations and Symbols
MTCC
N
NA
Microbial Type Culture Collection
Nitrogen
Nutrient agar
NanoDESI Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization
NB
Nutrient broth
N.D.
Not determined
NEB
New England Biolabs
ng
Nanogram
NJ
Neighbour-joining
nm
Nanometre
NRPS
P
Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases
Probability
PCR
Polymerase chain reaction
PDA
Potato dextrose agar
PE
Phosphatidyl ethanolamine
PG
Phophatidyl glycerol
PGP
Plant growth promoting
pH
potential of Hydrogen ion concentration
PI
Phosphatidyl inositol
PIM
Phosphatidyl inositol mannoside
Ph.D.
Doctor of Philosophy
PKS
Polyketide synthase
PL
PME
Phospholipids
Phosphatidyl methyl ethanolamine
xxiv
Abbreviations and Symbols
PR China
R
People’s Republic of China
Reverse primer
RFLP
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
RNA
Ribonucleic acid
RNase
Ribonuclease
rRNA
ribosomal RNA
rpm
Revolution per minute
s
second(s)
S
Svedverg unit
SCNA
Starch Casein Nitrate Agar
SCNB
Starch Casein Nitrate broth
SDA
Sabaroud Dextrose Agar
SDS
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
SEM
Scanning electron microscope
SM
SSCP
Succinic acid medium
Single stranded chain polymorphism
T
Type strain
T
Thymine
TE
TGGE
Tris-EDTA
Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis
TLC
Thin layer chromatography
TSA
Tryptic soy agar
TSB
Trypticase soy broth
U
Unit
xxv
Abbreviations and Symbols
UL
UPGMA
UV
V
Unknown lipids
Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean
Ultraviolet
Volt
Vis
Visible
v/v
Volume/Volume
w
Weakly positive
w/v
Weight/Volume
YIM
Yunnan Institute of Microbiology
~
Approximately
°C
degree Celsius
°E
degree East longitude
°N
degree North latitude
l
microlitre
m
micrometre
M
micromolar
-
negative
%
percentage
+
positive
xxvi