6/9/2012
Passive
9 June 2012
Active
Receptive
Mother: Why on earth did
you swallow the money I gave
you?
Junior: You said it was my lunch
money.
Productive
Teacher: In this box, I have a
10-foot snake.
Sammy: You can't fool me,
Teacher … snakes don't have
feet.
Teacher: Ellen, give me a
sentence starting with "I".
Ellen: I is …
Teacher: No, Ellen. Always say, "I
am."
Ellen: All right. "I am the ninth
letter of the alphabet."
1
6/9/2012
TEACHER: ELLEN, GIVE ME PASTTENSE SENTENCE FOR THE VERB
“GO".
ELLEN: MARY GO…..
TEACHER: NO, ELLEN. THE PAST
TENSE OF “GO” IS “WENT.”
ELLEN: ALL RIGHT. “MARY GO
WENT TO THE STORE.
Teacher: How can you prevent
diseases caused by biting
insects?
Jose: Don't bite any.
One morning I shot an elephant in my pajamas.
How he got into my pajamas I'll never know.
(structural ambiguity)
Outside of a dog, a book is a man's best friend.
Inside of a dog, it's too dark to read.
(lexical ambiguity)
2
6/9/2012
You have to give up the belief
that there are right/correct
answers in language. Instead, all
communication is dependent on
context and interpretation.
1.
It focuses on the
process, not the
product
Like: verb, to have or
express affection for
another.
(Habermas 1970)
3
6/9/2012
Grace: So, how did your date with Raffy go?
Shara: Well, I like him but I’m not sure if he
likes me.
Grace: Do you like him like him, or just like
him.
Shara: That’s the thing. I like him like him, but I
think he just likes me.
Grace: How do you know he doesn’t like you
like you like him?
Shara: Well, he said, “I like you,” but in his
eyes, it was just like, “I like you.”
1.
Meaning is rarely
fixed; instead it is a
negotiation between
communicators
Raffy: Based on my sense of ethics, the death
penalty is inhuman. Only God has the right to
determine who should live or die.
Jean Paul: You’re wrong. Showing mercy to
convicted murderers is inhuman. What about the
victims’ families? What about justice?
Raffy: Justice is in God’s hands.
Jean Paul: Maybe eternal justice is God’s. But if
we don’t put murderers to death, it will cause
greater injustice. And murderers will see no
reason not to kill.
Raffy:Why not go with life in prison? That gives
justice, and it isn’t inhuman.
“Kindly clampong
the blackboard for
me.”
(Piepho 1974)
“Many Japanese students have been taught
that they have to really know every word in a
sentence or phrase in order to understand a
foreign language. They are not taught to use the
strategies that they already use in their native
Japanes, that is, to guess the meaning from
context.
“When the blackboard is full of writing and I am
busy in class, I ask a student, “Kindly erase the
blackboard,” handing him an eraser and
pointing to the dirty blackboard. If he does not
move, it is not because he is offended. He just
did not recognize the word “erase,” and to him
that means he did not understand me. If he is
willing to accept the ambiguity, he gets up and
cleans the board.”
4
6/9/2012
1.
Focuses not on
language learning,
but language
behavior
(Halliday 1978)
Sociocultural
Strategic
3. Discourse
4. Grammatical
1.
2.
“Just knowing something about the culture of
an English-speaking country will not suffice.
What must be learned is a general empathy
toward other cultures. Sociocultural
competence includes a willingness to engage in
the active negotiation of meaning along with a
willingness to susped judgment and take into
consideration the possibility of multiple
meanings.”
“None of us knows all there is to know of
English in its many manifestations, both around
the world and in our own backyards.
Communicative competence is always relative.
The coping strategies we use in unfamiliar
contexts, with constraints due to imperfect
knowledge of rules or limiting factors in their
application such as fatigue or distraction, are
represented as strategic competence.
“Discourse competence is concerned not with
isolated words or phrases but with the
interconnectedness of a series of utterances,
written words, and/or phrases to form a text, a
meaningful whole. This might be a poem, email,
sportscast, telephone conversation, or novel.”
“Grammatical competence refers to sentencelevel grammatical forms, the ability to recognize
the lexical, morphological, syntactic, and
phonological feature of a language and make
use of those features to interpret and form
words and sentences. This is different from the
ability to state rules of usage.”
5
6/9/2012
Underlining the parts
of speech in a
sentence (subject,
predicate, object)
Reading and posting
Facebook messages
in War-English
Singing videoke of
“The Greatest Love
of All”
Reading
Shakespeare’s
“Romeo and Juliet”
Students do spelling
drills to prepare for
the National Spelling
Bee
Role playing as call
center agents,
senators, beauty
pageant contestants
6
6/9/2012
Students give
instructions to each
other for cooking,
cleaning,
transportation
Reciting a famous
poem by Mary
Wollstonecraft
Shelley (1703-1748)
Watching the movie,
“Three Idiots,” with
Indian pronunciation
& English subtitles
Memorizing
vocabulary lists:
abate, abash, abhor..
Completing a
worksheet on
subordinate and
coordinate
conjunctions
Debating the pros
and cons of parental
curfews for students
7